CN221667901U - A peak voltage detection circuit for vehicle - Google Patents
A peak voltage detection circuit for vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本实用新型涉及检测电路技术领域，具体为一种车用峰值电压检测电路。The utility model relates to the technical field of detection circuits, in particular to a peak voltage detection circuit for a vehicle.
背景技术Background Art
汽车发电机稳定的输出电压是保证汽车电瓶的正常充电和汽车用电设备正常工作的必要条件。发电机工作时，当发电机抛负载或汽车用电设备上的电磁开关动作时会在发电机的输出端会产生一些瞬态高压脉冲。这些瞬态高压脉冲的幅值如果超过一定值时有可能会对汽车发电机和车载用电设备造成损坏。在测量时我们首先要知道有无高压产生，以及瞬态高压的幅值大小，才能以此来评估是否对发电机和其他用电设备造成影响。为此，提出一种车用峰值电压检测电路。The stable output voltage of the automobile generator is a necessary condition to ensure the normal charging of the automobile battery and the normal operation of the automobile electrical equipment. When the generator is working, when the generator dumps the load or the electromagnetic switch on the automobile electrical equipment is actuated, some transient high-voltage pulses will be generated at the output end of the generator. If the amplitude of these transient high-voltage pulses exceeds a certain value, it may cause damage to the automobile generator and the on-board electrical equipment. When measuring, we must first know whether high voltage is generated and the amplitude of the transient high voltage, so as to evaluate whether it affects the generator and other electrical equipment. To this end, a peak voltage detection circuit for automobiles is proposed.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种车用峰值电压检测电路，采用分立元器件设计，成本低，可承受高压脉冲，性能可靠，操作方便。The utility model aims to provide a peak voltage detection circuit for a vehicle, which adopts discrete component design, has low cost, can withstand high voltage pulses, has reliable performance and is easy to operate.
为实现上述目的，本实用新型提供如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
一种车用峰值电压检测电路，包括输入端子Vin、输出端子Vout；A vehicle peak voltage detection circuit includes an input terminal Vin and an output terminal Vout;
所述输入端子Vin连接电阻R1，所述电阻R1连接放大器A1的5脚、放大器A2的5脚；The input terminal Vin is connected to a resistor R1, and the resistor R1 is connected to pin 5 of the amplifier A1 and pin 5 of the amplifier A2;
所述输入端子Vin连接电阻R2，所述电阻R2连接放大器A1的4脚；The input terminal Vin is connected to the resistor R2, and the resistor R2 is connected to the 4th pin of the amplifier A1;
所述放大器A1的5脚连接稳压管ZD1的负极，所述放大器A1的1脚通过二极管D1连接放大器A2的4脚；Pin 5 of the amplifier A1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator tube ZD1, and pin 1 of the amplifier A1 is connected to pin 4 of the amplifier A2 via a diode D1;
所述二极管D1的负极连接电容C1；The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the capacitor C1;
所述放大器A2的4脚连接开关SW；Pin 4 of the amplifier A2 is connected to a switch SW;
所述放大器A2的1脚连接电阻R3，所述电阻R3连接输出端子Vout。Pin 1 of the amplifier A2 is connected to a resistor R3, and the resistor R3 is connected to an output terminal Vout.
进一步，所述放大器A1的2脚接地，且连接放大器A1的的3脚。Furthermore, pin 2 of the amplifier A1 is grounded and connected to pin 3 of the amplifier A1.
进一步，所述电容C1接地。Furthermore, the capacitor C1 is grounded.
进一步，所述开关SW接地。Furthermore, the switch SW is grounded.
进一步，所述放大器A2的2脚接地，且连接放大器A2的1脚。Furthermore, pin 2 of the amplifier A2 is grounded and connected to pin 1 of the amplifier A2.
进一步，所述稳压管ZD1正极接地。Furthermore, the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube ZD1 is grounded.
进一步，所述电阻R3接地。Furthermore, the resistor R3 is grounded.
进一步，所述输入端子Vin与发电机B+端连接。Furthermore, the input terminal Vin is connected to the B+ terminal of the generator.
进一步，所述输出端子Vout连接万用表。Further, the output terminal Vout is connected to a multimeter.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1.本电路可快速有效地得到并保持发电机B+端的峰值电压，尤其是瞬态高压脉冲的电压峰值，可帮助相关技术人员判断发电机B+端是否有高压脉冲现象产生，为后续评估和消除高压脉冲提供参考，避免了只用万用表无法测峰值电压的问题，同时成本极低，避免了配备示波器价格昂贵的问题；1. This circuit can quickly and effectively obtain and maintain the peak voltage of the generator B+ terminal, especially the voltage peak of the transient high-voltage pulse, which can help relevant technicians determine whether there is a high-voltage pulse phenomenon at the generator B+ terminal, and provide a reference for subsequent evaluation and elimination of high-voltage pulses, avoiding the problem of being unable to measure the peak voltage with only a multimeter. At the same time, the cost is extremely low, avoiding the problem of expensive oscilloscopes;
2.本电路采用分立元器件线路，设计简洁，只有两个端子，连接方便，不需要复杂的设置，操作方便；2. This circuit uses discrete components and circuits, with a simple design and only two terminals, which is easy to connect, does not require complicated settings, and is easy to operate;
3.本电路可承受高压脉冲，性能可靠。体积小，便于携带；3. This circuit can withstand high voltage pulses and has reliable performance. It is small and easy to carry;
4.适用性广，本电路不只可以用在发电机B+端瞬态脉冲峰值检测，也可以用在其它需要瞬态脉冲幅值检测的设备上，适用性广。4. Wide applicability. This circuit can not only be used for transient pulse peak detection at the B+ end of the generator, but can also be used in other equipment that requires transient pulse amplitude detection, and has wide applicability.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本实用新型的电路结构示意图。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the utility model.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
实施例Example
请参阅图1，本实用新型提供一种技术方案：Please refer to Figure 1, the utility model provides a technical solution:
一种车用峰值电压检测电路，包括输入端子Vin、输出端子Vout、电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电容C1、稳压管ZD1、二极管D1，放大器A1、放大器A2、开关SW。A peak voltage detection circuit for a vehicle includes an input terminal Vin, an output terminal Vout, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a capacitor C1, a voltage regulator ZD1, a diode D1, an amplifier A1, an amplifier A2, and a switch SW.
将电阻R1一端接在输入端子Vin，将另外一端接在放大器A1和放大器A2的VCC端（5脚）；Connect one end of resistor R1 to the input terminal Vin, and the other end to the VCC terminal (pin 5) of amplifier A1 and amplifier A2;
将电阻R2一端接在输入端子Vin，将另外一端接放大器A1的同相输入端（4脚）；Connect one end of resistor R2 to the input terminal Vin, and the other end to the non-inverting input terminal (pin 4) of amplifier A1;
将稳压管ZD1的正极接地，将负极接在放大器的A1的VCC端（5脚）；Connect the positive pole of the voltage regulator ZD1 to the ground, and the negative pole to the VCC terminal (pin 5) of the amplifier A1;
将放大器A1的GND端（2脚）接地，反相输入端接在放大器A1输出端（3脚），放大器A1的输出端（1脚）通过二极管D1接放大器A2的同相输入端（4脚）；Connect the GND terminal (pin 2) of amplifier A1 to ground, connect the inverting input terminal to the output terminal (pin 3) of amplifier A1, and connect the output terminal (pin 1) of amplifier A1 to the non-inverting input terminal (pin 4) of amplifier A2 through diode D1;
将电容C1一端接二极管D1的负极，另外一端接地；Connect one end of capacitor C1 to the cathode of diode D1 and the other end to ground;
将开关SW一端接放大器A2同相输入端（4脚），另外一端接地；Connect one end of the switch SW to the non-inverting input terminal (pin 4) of amplifier A2, and the other end to ground;
将放大器A2的GND端（2脚）接地，反相输入端接放大器A2 的输出端（1脚）；Connect the GND terminal (pin 2) of amplifier A2 to ground, and connect the inverting input terminal to the output terminal (pin 1) of amplifier A2;
将电阻R3一端接放大器A2的输出端（1脚），另外一端接地；Connect one end of resistor R3 to the output terminal (pin 1) of amplifier A2 and the other end to ground;
其中输入端子Vin连接发电机B+端，用于接收B+端的最高电压幅值；The input terminal Vin is connected to the B+ terminal of the generator and is used to receive the highest voltage amplitude of the B+ terminal;
外部高压通过输入端子Vin经电阻R1为放大器A1和放大器A2的电源端供电，R1为稳压管ZD1提供限流保护；The external high voltage is supplied to the power supply terminals of amplifier A1 and amplifier A2 through the input terminal Vin via resistor R1, and R1 provides current limiting protection for the voltage regulator ZD1;
稳压管ZD1用于钳位运放电源处的脉冲电源，保护运放，ZD1稳压值可取运放的最高瞬态耐压临界值；The voltage regulator ZD1 is used to clamp the pulse power supply at the operational amplifier power supply to protect the operational amplifier. The voltage regulation value of ZD1 can be the highest transient withstand voltage critical value of the operational amplifier.
电阻R2用于输入端保护，放大器A1和放大器A2组成两个电压跟随器，运放可以选用任何一种高阻运放；Resistor R2 is used for input protection. Amplifier A1 and amplifier A2 form two voltage followers. The operational amplifier can be any high-impedance operational amplifier.
其中二极管D1反向漏电流要极小，电容C1应当选用漏电流小，绝缘性好的电容器，SW为电容C1的放电开关，当测量完毕后按下SW使C1放电，清除之前的高压值，以便进行下一次测量；The reverse leakage current of diode D1 should be very small, capacitor C1 should be a capacitor with small leakage current and good insulation, SW is the discharge switch of capacitor C1, when the measurement is completed, press SW to discharge C1 and clear the previous high voltage value for the next measurement;
SW开关可以使用机械开关，也可以使用电子开关，如常用的FET开关，电阻R3为高阻值对地电阻，可最大程度保持输出的电压幅值，输出端子Vout为瞬态峰值电压幅值保持电路的输出端，输出由前级线路保持住的高压脉冲幅值，最后由万用表来读出测试值。The SW switch can use a mechanical switch or an electronic switch, such as the commonly used FET switch. The resistor R3 is a high-resistance resistor to ground, which can maintain the output voltage amplitude to the greatest extent. The output terminal Vout is the output end of the transient peak voltage amplitude holding circuit, which outputs the high-voltage pulse amplitude maintained by the previous stage circuit, and finally the multimeter is used to read the test value.
使用原理：How it works:
输入端子Vin与发电机B+端连接，若B+端无异常高压脉冲时，输出端子Vout输出正常的发电机电压，当输入端Vin出现异常高压脉冲时，高压脉冲经过二极管D1给电容C1充电，直到电容C1达到与输入电压峰值几乎相同的电压，这个充电过程极快，由于二极管D1的单向导电隔离作用，C1上的峰值电压将保留在这个电平上，并使输出端子Vout也等于这个电压，直至按一下SW使C1放电为止；The input terminal Vin is connected to the B+ terminal of the generator. If there is no abnormal high-voltage pulse at the B+ terminal, the output terminal Vout outputs the normal generator voltage. When an abnormal high-voltage pulse appears at the input terminal Vin, the high-voltage pulse charges the capacitor C1 through the diode D1 until the capacitor C1 reaches a voltage that is almost the same as the peak value of the input voltage. This charging process is extremely fast. Due to the unidirectional conductive isolation effect of the diode D1, the peak voltage on C1 will remain at this level, and the output terminal Vout will also be equal to this voltage until SW is pressed to discharge C1;
当电容C1充电至峰值电压后，如果输入信号峰值电压又进一步升高，则电容C1在原充电电压的基础上再次被充电，输出端子Vout将输入端子Vin上的最高输入电压值，最后由万用表测出这个电压值并显示出来。When capacitor C1 is charged to the peak voltage, if the peak voltage of the input signal further increases, capacitor C1 will be charged again based on the original charging voltage, and the output terminal Vout will be the highest input voltage value on the input terminal Vin. Finally, this voltage value is measured by the multimeter and displayed.
尽管已经示出和描述了本实用新型的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本实用新型的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本实用新型的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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| CN202323287571.1U CN221667901U (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | A peak voltage detection circuit for vehicle |
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| CN202323287571.1U CN221667901U (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | A peak voltage detection circuit for vehicle |
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