CN221565902U - Enhanced two-section type deep bed filter sewage treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a strengthened two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device, which relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, including reaction chamber one, reaction chamber two, reaction chamber three, and reaction chamber four. The upper end of the reaction chamber one is provided with a speed regulating rotary water distributor, one side of the cylinder of the reaction chamber one is provided with a sewage inlet, the other side of the cylinder of the reaction chamber one is provided with a backwash outlet, and the lower end of the reaction chamber one is connected with the reaction chamber two; the upper end of the reaction chamber three is provided with an overflow weir, the reaction chamber three is provided with a sewage outlet, and the lower end of the reaction chamber three is connected with the reaction chamber four. Compared with the traditional single denitrification process, the two-stage denitrification divides the denitrification process into two stages, namely the nitrification stage and the denitrification stage. This segmented treatment method can improve the efficiency of nitrification and denitrification, thereby more effectively degrading nitrates in wastewater.

Description

An enhanced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a reinforced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device.

Background Art

Traditional filter technology mainly uses a single filter layer for wastewater treatment, such as sand filters, activated carbon filters, etc. These filters have a certain effect in removing suspended matter and particulate matter, but the removal effect on some difficult-to-degrade organic matter and micropollutants is limited. In addition, biological filter technology uses biofilm attached to the surface of the filter material for wastewater treatment, and removes organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater through the degradation of microorganisms. However, the treatment effect of biological filter technology on water quality is affected by factors such as water temperature and water quality fluctuations, and its stability is poor.

Based on the above background technology, the emergence of the two-stage deep bed filter treatment device is to overcome the limitations of traditional filter technology and biological filter technology and improve the effect and stability of wastewater treatment. By adopting two filter layers, the removal of suspended matter and particulate matter and the degradation of organic matter can be achieved respectively, thereby achieving a better wastewater treatment effect. In addition, the two-stage deep bed filter treatment device also combines biofilm attachment technology to improve the stability of wastewater treatment and extend the service life of the filter material.

Utility Model Content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an enhanced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device. Compared with the traditional single denitrification process, the two-stage denitrification divides the denitrification process into two stages, namely the nitrification stage and the denitrification stage. This segmented treatment method can improve the efficiency of nitrification and denitrification, thereby more effectively degrading nitrates in wastewater. In addition, the design of the two-stage denitrification deep bed filter has certain flexibility and scalability. The filter layer can be adjusted and replaced according to actual needs to adapt to different treatment requirements and water quality standards. At the same time, the equipment can also be expanded and upgraded according to the increase in processing volume; the two-stage deep bed filter adopts a vertically arranged filter layer, which can effectively utilize space and reduce floor space. Compared with other sewage treatment processes, the two-stage deep bed filter requires a smaller floor space at the same processing capacity.

The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A reinforced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device comprises reaction chamber 1, reaction chamber 2, reaction chamber 3 and reaction chamber 4, wherein a speed regulating rotating water distributor is arranged at the upper end of the reaction chamber 1, a sewage inlet is arranged on one side of the cylinder of the reaction chamber 1, a backwash outlet is arranged on the other side of the cylinder of the reaction chamber 1, and the lower end of the reaction chamber 1 is connected to the reaction chamber 2;

An overflow weir is arranged at the upper end of the reaction chamber three, a sewage outlet is arranged on the reaction chamber three, and the lower end of the reaction chamber three is connected to the reaction chamber four;

Aeration heads are provided at the lower ends of the reaction chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 4, and the two aeration heads are connected.

As a further solution of the utility model: the reaction chamber 1, the reaction chamber 2, and the reaction chamber 2 and the aeration head are all connected via flanges;

The reaction chamber three, the reaction chamber four, and the reaction chamber four and the aeration head are all connected via flanges.

As a further solution of the utility model: a perforated plate is arranged in the reaction chamber 1, the reaction chamber 2, and between the reaction chamber 2 and the aeration head;

The reaction chamber three, the reaction chamber four, and between the reaction chamber four and the aeration head are all provided with orifice plates.

As a further solution of the utility model: the bottoms of the two aeration heads are each provided with an air inlet, a backwash water inlet and a sewage inlet.

As a further solution of the utility model: the reaction chamber one is filled with pyrite particles, the reaction chamber two is filled with pebbles, the reaction chamber three is filled with quartz sand, and the reaction chamber four is filled with activated carbon particles.

A sewage treatment device with an enhanced two-stage deep bed filter has the following structural features:

1. Filter media structure: The two-stage deep bed filter is composed of two layers of filter media, which has good filtration performance and adsorption capacity. The first layer of filter media is coarser pyrite particles, and the second layer of filter media is finer quartz sand and activated carbon particles. The thickness and particle size of the filter media layer can be adjusted according to the treatment requirements.

2. Filter structure: The two-stage deep bed filter adopts a vertically arranged structure, and the filter material layer is cylindrical. The upper part of the filter is equipped with a speed-regulating rotating water distributor to evenly distribute the inlet water flow. The lower part of the filter is equipped with a collection pipe and a discharge port to collect and discharge the treated water.

3. Backwash and reflux system: The two-stage deep bed filter is equipped with a backwash and reflux system. The backwash system includes a backwash water pump, a backwash pipe, etc., which are used to apply reverse water flow to the filter layer for cleaning. The reflux system includes a reflux pump, a reflux pipe, etc., which are used to redirect the cleaned water to the filter layer to maintain the moisture and filtration performance of the filter.

4. Control system: The two-stage deep bed filter is equipped with an automatic control system, including sensors, controllers and actuators. The sensors are used to monitor parameters such as water flow, filter layer pressure and water quality. The controller controls and adjusts according to the sensor signals. The actuators are used to control backwashing and reflux operations.

Beneficial effects of the utility model:

Higher treatment efficiency: The two-stage deep bed filter uses two filter media layers with different particle sizes to better separate and remove suspended solids, particulate matter and organic matter in wastewater. Compared with the traditional single filter media layer, the two-stage deep bed filter has a larger surface area and better filtration performance, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of wastewater.

Better stability and durability: The filter media structure and management of the two-stage deep bed filter can reduce filter media blockage and pressure differential increase, extending the service life of the filter media. At the same time, regular backwashing and reflux operations can remove the accumulation and sludge in the filter media layer, maintaining the permeability and filtration performance of the filter media. These measures can improve the stability and durability of the filter media layer and reduce the frequency of maintenance and replacement.

Reduced reliance on chemicals: Compared with some traditional wastewater treatment methods, the two-stage deep bed filter is less dependent on chemicals. By optimizing the filter layer structure and operating measures, better physical filtration effects can be achieved, reducing the use and cost of chemicals.

Wide adaptability: The two-stage deep bed filter can be applied to various types of wastewater treatment needs, including industrial wastewater, urban sewage and rural domestic sewage. It can treat wastewater of different concentrations and properties and has strong adaptability and flexibility.

Lower operating costs: Due to the high treatment efficiency and long filter media life of the two-stage deep bed filter, energy consumption and maintenance costs in the wastewater treatment process can be reduced. In addition, due to its lower chemical usage, chemical procurement and treatment costs can also be reduced.

Reduce sludge generation: The two-stage deep bed filter removes suspended solids and particulate matter from wastewater by physical filtration, reducing the amount of sludge generated. This not only reduces the sludge treatment cost during wastewater treatment, but also reduces the demand for sludge treatment facilities.

Reduce the impact on the environment: The two-stage deep bed filter uses physical filtration to treat wastewater, which reduces the discharge of chemical substances to the environment compared to some chemical treatment methods. At the same time, due to its efficient filtration effect, it can effectively reduce the discharge of pollutants in wastewater and reduce the risk of pollution to surrounding water and soil.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

In the figure: 1. Reaction chamber one; 2. Reaction chamber two; 3. Reaction chamber three; 4. Reaction chamber four; 5. Speed-regulating rotary water distributor; 6. Backwash outlet; 7. Sewage inlet; 8. Flange; 9. Orifice plate; 10. Overflow weir; 11. Sewage outlet; 12. Aeration head.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Please refer to Figure 1. The utility model is an enhanced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device, including reaction chamber 1, reaction chamber 2, reaction chamber 3, and reaction chamber 4. The upper end of the reaction chamber 1 is provided with a speed-regulating rotating water distributor 5 for evenly distributing the water inlet flow rate. A sewage inlet 7 is provided on one side of the cylinder of the reaction chamber 1, and a backwash outlet 6 is provided on the other side of the cylinder of the reaction chamber 1 for cleaning the filter and protecting the filter material. The lower end of the reaction chamber 1 is connected with the reaction chamber 2; the upper end of the reaction chamber 3 3 is provided with an overflow weir 10 for maintaining the stability of the liquid layer, the reaction chamber 3 3 is provided with a sewage outlet 11, and the lower end of the reaction chamber 3 3 is connected with the reaction chamber 4 4; the lower ends of the reaction chamber 2 2 and the reaction chamber 4 4 are both provided with aeration heads 12, and the two aeration heads 12 are connected.

The reaction chamber 1 1 , the reaction chamber 2 2 , and the reaction chamber 2 2 and the aeration head 12 are all connected via a flange 8 ; the reaction chamber 3 3 , the reaction chamber 4 4 , and the reaction chamber 4 4 and the aeration head 12 are all connected via a flange 8 .

The reaction chamber 1 1 , the reaction chamber 2 2 , and between the reaction chamber 2 2 and the aeration head 12 are all provided with a perforated plate 9 ; the reaction chamber 3 3 , the reaction chamber 4 4 , and between the reaction chamber 4 4 and the aeration head 12 are all provided with a perforated plate 9 .

The bottom of the two aeration heads 12 are each provided with an air inlet, a backwash water inlet and a sewage outlet. Backwash water enters the wash water inlet to backwash the reaction chamber. The two sewage outlets are connected by a pipe, so that after passing through the first stage of filtration, it is passed into the second stage for filtration, and finally, it is discharged through the sewage outlet 11.

The reaction chamber 1 is filled with pyrite particles, the reaction chamber 2 is filled with pebbles (load-bearing layer), the reaction chamber 3 is filled with quartz sand, and the reaction chamber 4 is filled with activated carbon particles. After a layer of pyrite filtration and adsorption, it enters the reaction chamber 3 and the reaction chamber 4 through the load-bearing layer for a second filtration and adsorption; the adsorption effect is good; the thickness of the material layer and the particle size can be adjusted according to the processing requirements.

Pyrite particles are mainly selected from natural, cheap and easily available iron sulfide ores (such as pyrite, pyrrhotite, etc.) or their derivatives. Their unique physical and chemical properties can provide space and create conditions for the growth of denitrifying Thiobacillus. The use of pyrite and its derivative fillers with denitrification and phosphorus removal can simultaneously remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water, greatly improving the nitrification reaction rate and the feasibility of industrial production.

The sulfur in pyrite can provide electrons as a reducing agent for nitrite and nitrate in the denitrification process. Denitrifying bacteria use the electrons provided by pyrite to reduce nitrite and nitrate to nitrogen gas; the dissolution of pyrite releases sulfuric acid, which reduces the pH value in the denitrification deep bed filter. The appropriate pH value can provide suitable environmental conditions to promote the activity and effect of denitrifying bacteria; pyrite can be used as a filter particle to fill the denitrification deep bed filter, increasing the surface area of the filter layer and the attachment area of denitrifying bacteria. This helps to improve the treatment effect of the denitrification deep bed filter and its ability to remove nitrogen pollutants.

Pebbles, as a larger particle filler, can be used to support the filter layer. In the two-stage denitrification deep bed filter, the filter layer is usually composed of smaller granular materials, such as river sand, gravel, etc. The use of pebbles can avoid the collapse and blockage of the filter layer, while providing good water flow distribution and permeability; the surface area of pebbles is relatively large, which can increase the effective attachment area of the denitrification deep bed filter. Quartz sand is a finer granular filter that can be used to filter impurities such as suspended matter, particles and organic matter in water. Through the filtering effect of quartz sand, solid particles in water can be effectively removed, and the clarity and transparency of water quality can be improved; activated carbon has a high pore structure and surface area, which can adsorb organic matter in water. In the denitrification deep bed filter, activated carbon can remove organic matter in water, reduce the inhibitory effect of organic matter on denitrifying bacteria, and improve the efficiency of denitrification reaction. Activated carbon has the ability to adsorb odor and color, which can remove odor and color substances in water and improve the taste and appearance of water quality.

The top of the reaction chamber 4 is open to facilitate equipment inspection and maintenance, and is also conducive to monitoring and detection of the sewage treatment process.

The two-stage deep bed filter adopts an intermittent operation mode, that is, the filter and flushing operations are performed alternately. During the filter operation, the wastewater is filtered and biodegraded through the filter layer; during the flushing operation, the dirt and attachments in the filter layer are removed by reverse flushing. This intermittent operation mode can maintain the permeability and activity of the filter layer and extend the service life of the filter.

The operation cycle of the two-stage denitrification deep bed filter includes six stages

1. Pretreatment: Before entering the two-stage deep bed filter (reaction chamber 1 and reaction chamber 2 are the first filter layer, reaction chamber 3 and reaction chamber 4 are the second filter layer), pretreatment is usually required. Pretreatment includes removing large particles and sediments, adjusting pH value, etc. This can reduce blockage and damage to the deep bed filter and improve the treatment effect.

2. Water inlet and first-layer filtration: The pre-treated sewage is guided into the filter material layers of reaction chamber 1 and reaction chamber 2 of the two-stage deep bed filter. It is mainly used to remove larger suspended solids and particulate matter.

3. Backwashing and reflux: As time goes by, a certain amount of dirt and sludge will accumulate in the filter media layer of reaction chamber 1 and reaction chamber 2. In order to maintain the permeability and filtering effect of the filter media, backwashing and reflux operations need to be performed regularly. Backwashing removes dirt and sludge in the filter media layer by applying reverse water flow to reaction chamber 1 and reaction chamber 2. The reflux operation redirects the cleaned water to reaction chamber 1 and reaction chamber 2 to maintain the wetness and filtering performance of the filter media, which can be operated by a pump.

4. Second layer of filtration: The sewage after being filtered by reaction chamber 1 and reaction chamber 2 enters the filter material layer of reaction chamber 3 and reaction chamber 4, which can be operated by a pump. This layer of filter material is mainly used to further remove smaller suspended matter and particulate matter, as well as organic matter.

5. Effluent treatment: After being filtered through the filter media layers in reaction chamber 3 and reaction chamber 4, the suspended solids, particulate matter and organic matter in the sewage are further removed, and the effluent meets certain water quality standards. The effluent can be further treated, such as disinfected or enter the next level of treatment process.

6. Maintenance and replacement of filter media: Maintenance and replacement of filter media is an important part of two-stage deep bed filter. As the operation time increases, the filter media will gradually accumulate dirt and sludge, affecting the filtering effect. Regular cleaning, maintenance and replacement of the filter media can maintain the permeability and filtering effect of the filter media.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: sewage is added from the sewage inlet 7, firstly filtered and adsorbed through a layer of pyrite, and then enters the reaction chamber 3 and the reaction chamber 4 through the load-bearing layer for a second filtering and adsorption;

Backwash: Backwash water enters the two-stage reaction chamber through the backwash water inlet for backwashing.

The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the utility model, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the utility model. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of application of the utility model should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. The reinforced two-section type deep bed filter sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising a first reaction chamber (1), a second reaction chamber (2), a third reaction chamber (3) and a fourth reaction chamber (4), wherein a speed-regulating rotary water distributor (5) is arranged at the upper end of the first reaction chamber (1), a sewage inlet (7) is arranged at one side of a cylinder body of the first reaction chamber (1), a back flushing water outlet (6) is arranged at the other side of the cylinder body of the first reaction chamber (1), and the lower end of the first reaction chamber (1) is connected with the second reaction chamber (2);

An overflow weir (10) is arranged at the upper end of the reaction chamber III (3), a sewage outlet (11) is arranged on the reaction chamber III (3), and the lower end of the reaction chamber III (3) is connected with a reaction chamber IV (4);

The lower ends of the second reaction chamber (2) and the fourth reaction chamber (4) are respectively provided with an aeration head (12), and the two aeration heads (12) are communicated.

2. The enhanced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the first reaction chamber (1), the second reaction chamber (2) and the second reaction chamber (2) are connected with the aeration head (12) through flanges (8);

The reaction chamber III (3), the reaction chamber IV (4) and the aeration head (12) are connected through a flange (8).

3. The enhanced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the first reaction chamber (1), the second reaction chamber (2) and the second reaction chamber (2) are respectively provided with an orifice plate (9) between the aeration head (12);

And pore plates (9) are arranged among the third reaction chamber (3), the fourth reaction chamber (4) and the aeration head (12).

4. The enhanced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the bottoms of the two aeration heads (12) are respectively provided with an air inlet, a backwash water gap and a sewage gap.

5. The reinforced two-stage deep bed filter sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the first reaction chamber (1) is filled with pyrite particles, the second reaction chamber (2) is filled with cobbles, the third reaction chamber (3) is filled with quartz sand, and the fourth reaction chamber (4) is filled with activated carbon particles.