CN221389757U - Shaft end bearing mounting mechanism and shaft end bearing mounting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shaft end bearing mounting mechanism and shaft end bearing mounting equipment. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism is provided with a base, a top plate and an oil cylinder are mounted on the base, the top plate is located at the transverse inner end of the oil cylinder and is connected with a cylinder body of the oil cylinder in a transverse moving mode by adopting a vertical face, the plate surface of the top plate is perpendicular to the transverse direction, a shaft penetrating hole transversely penetrating through the top plate is formed in the middle of the top plate, a piston rod of the oil cylinder extends out of the inner end of the oil cylinder and is coaxial with the shaft penetrating hole, and a mechanized hammer for applying transverse inward acting force to the top plate is mounted on the outer side face of the top plate. The two mounting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the rack of the shaft end bearing mounting device in a left-right mode, and bases of the two mounting mechanisms are transversely connected with the rack in a sliding mode. The utility model realizes the mechanization of shaft end bearing installation, is beneficial to reducing or avoiding the damage to the bearing/shaft caused by manual installation, and improves the working efficiency.

Description

Shaft end bearing installation mechanism and shaft end bearing installation equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a shaft end bearing installation mechanism and shaft end bearing installation equipment adopting the installation mechanism.

Background technique

The shaft end bearing is a bearing installed at the end of the shaft. The existing installation method of the shaft end bearing is manual installation. The installer uses a special hammer or other striking tools to align the hole of the inner ring of the bearing with the shaft, and repeatedly strikes the bearing from the shaft end to the inside of the shaft, thereby gradually moving the bearing into place. This manual installation method is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also greatly affected by the operator's operating method. It requires certain operating skills and careful operation. Since manual operations are greatly affected by human factors and other external factors, it is easy to cause uneven force on the bearing/shaft during repeated striking, thereby causing damage to the bearing or shaft.

Utility Model Content

The utility model aims to provide a mechanized shaft end bearing installation device to improve work efficiency and reduce or avoid the bearing/shaft damage phenomenon that is easy to occur in manual work.

The technical solution of the utility model is: a shaft end bearing installation mechanism is provided with a base, a top plate and a cylinder are installed on the base, the top plate is located at the lateral (extension/movement direction of the piston rod) inner end of the cylinder, and a vertical setting is adopted. The plate surface (large surface) of the top plate is perpendicular to the lateral direction, and a through-axis hole is provided in the middle of the top to penetrate the top plate transversely. The aperture of the through-axis hole is determined according to the workpiece shaft and the shaft end bearing, and should usually be larger than the outer diameter of the shaft end (journal) of the workpiece shaft and smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft end bearing, preferably smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring of the shaft end bearing, so that the top plate can directly press against the outer side of the inner ring of the bearing to the shaft The inner ring of the bearing generates a driving force to ensure the overall movement of the bearing. The piston rod of the cylinder extends from the inner end (lateral inner end) of the cylinder and is coaxial with the axial hole (the axes of the two overlap or are located on the same straight line). It is used to press against the corresponding axial end of the workpiece shaft to achieve relative fixation of the workpiece shaft. A mechanized hammer (for example, a linear vibrator) is installed on the outer side surface (lateral outer side surface) of the top plate to apply a lateral inward force to the top plate. Through the vibration/tapping action of the mechanized hammer on the top plate, the top plate pushes the shaft end bearing to move laterally inward together and is sleeved on the workpiece shaft until it is installed in place.

Further, the piston rod adopts a shape and/or size (thickness) that can pass through the through-shaft hole. For example, when the through-shaft hole is a round hole and the piston rod is a round rod, the outer diameter of the piston rod is smaller than the aperture of the through-shaft hole.

Preferably, the top plate is connected to the cylinder body of the oil cylinder in a transversely movable manner (connected in a movable manner that allows relative transverse movement), thereby achieving installation of the top plate on the base.

Preferably, the top plate is connected to the cylinder body for transverse movement via a sliding rod that is slidably matched with the cylinder body.

Preferably, there are two sliding rods, which are respectively located on both sides of the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction perpendicular to the transverse direction, also called front-to-back direction) of the cylinder body. The inner ends of the two sliding rods are respectively fixedly connected to the longitudinal sides of the outer side surface (lateral outer side surface) of the top plate. The longitudinal sides of the cylinder body are provided with sliding holes or sliding grooves that slide with the corresponding side sliding rods.

Preferably, the inner end cover of the cylinder body is provided with a flange structure protruding toward both sides in the longitudinal direction, and the sliding hole or sliding groove is provided on the flange structure. For example, the flange structure is provided with a rod through hole that penetrates transversely, and a sliding sleeve is fixedly provided on the rod through hole. The sliding sleeve is in the shape of a short tube and is provided with a sliding sleeve hole (a short tube-shaped tube hole). The sliding sleeve hole constitutes the sliding hole, and the sliding rod on the corresponding side passes through the sliding sleeve hole and slides with the sliding sleeve, and can slide transversely under the constraint of the sliding sleeve.

The slide rod may be a round rod (a rod with a circular cross section), a square rod (a rod with a rectangular cross section), a special-shaped rod (eg, an H-shaped rod), or a columnar rod (a rod with a columnar main body) of any suitable shape.

Preferably, the outer end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (the end extending out of the cylinder body) is provided with a positioning/centering structure that cooperates with the end of the workpiece shaft (for example, cooperates with the positioning/centering hole in the center of the end face).

Furthermore, the base may or may not be provided with a turntable. When a turntable is provided, the turntable is rotatably mounted on the base, and together with the base, it forms a turntable (a turntable drive and other turntable structures may be provided according to existing turntable technology), and the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is fixedly mounted on the turntable (therefore, the turntable may also be referred to as a bottom plate), thereby achieving installation on the base; when no turntable is provided, the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is fixedly mounted on the base.

The mechanized hammer can adopt a linear vibrator, which can be electric (can be called an electric hammer or electric hammer) or pneumatic (can be called a pneumatic hammer). Its vibration direction (or hammering direction) is horizontal. The mechanized hammer is set on the horizontal outside of the fixed plate, and a horizontal inward force is continuously applied to the fixed frame during the vibration process.

Preferably, there are two mechanized hammers installed on the same top plate, and they are symmetrically arranged front and back in the longitudinal direction relative to the through-axis hole. The two mechanized hammers are identical and move synchronously during operation to avoid the hammering of the mechanized hammers generating torque on the bearings and causing damage to the bearings.

The shaft end bearing installation device is provided with a frame, and two installation mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the frame (symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction). The installation structure is any shaft end bearing installation mechanism disclosed in the utility model, and the base of the installation mechanism is laterally slidably connected to the frame (for example, a working platform on the frame) (therefore, the base can also be called a sliding plate), and the laterally sliding connection can have a certain damping (can be called a damped sliding connection) or no damping.

Furthermore, a sliding locking mechanism for fixing the base on the frame is provided between the base and the frame (eg, a working platform on the frame).

Preferably, the sliding locking mechanism adopts a knob plunger elastic pin arranged on the sliding plate, and a pin hole corresponding to the knob plunger elastic pin can be provided on the frame. When the sliding plate slides to the corresponding position, the pin head of the knob plunger elastic pin is inserted into the corresponding pin hole, and locking can be achieved by tightening the knob. In the case where no pin hole is provided or there is no corresponding pin hole, locking can also be achieved by tightening the knob.

Furthermore, the frame may be generally provided with a fixed bracket, which is located between the two mounting mechanisms. The fixed bracket should be distributed along the workpiece direction (the extension direction of the workpiece, or the axial direction of the shaft when the workpiece is an axis), support the same workpiece, and the two mounting mechanisms (the activity areas of the two mounting mechanisms during normal operation) are respectively located on both sides of the bracket (the bracket distribution area, that is, the area where the workpiece is located during operation), and the sliding direction is the same as the workpiece direction (approaching or moving away from the workpiece along the workpiece direction).

The number of the fixed brackets is preferably two, so as to achieve balanced support for the shaft.

The fixed bracket may include a support column, and a V-shaped structure (triangular positioning groove) is provided on the top of the support column for supporting the workpiece shaft.

The support column is preferably a telescopic or height-adjustable support column.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: since a mechanized hammer is used for striking, the efficiency is high, and it is conducive to ensuring that the force of each striking is balanced and appropriate, thereby avoiding damage to the bearing/shaft caused by excessive force or a decrease in effect caused by insufficient force in the case of manual striking; since a top plate is provided, the top plate covers all or most of the area of the outer side of the bearing during installation, and the striking force is basically evenly dispersed in various parts of the outer side of the bearing, thereby avoiding torque caused by excessive force on one side or in a part, which not only effectively reduces or avoids damage to the bearing caused by excessive force or unbalanced force, but also allows the use of a larger striking force to further improve efficiency rate; the symmetrical arrangement of the mechanized hammer further ensures balanced force; the installation mechanism is provided with a top or other suitable shaft centering structure, which enables the shaft to be fixed during operation; the oil cylinder can use a hydraulic/pneumatic system to provide pressure, which is beneficial to maintaining the fixing force on the shaft through hydraulic/pneumatic pressure during operation; the installation mechanism is installed on the frame in a sliding manner through the base, so the installation mechanism can be flexibly moved during installation and removal of the workpiece shaft, which facilitates the operation; the mechanized hammer is set on the fixed frame, which is beneficial to simplify the overall structure of the device while meeting the requirements of the knocking operation, and is convenient for operation and maintenance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic front view of the present utility model;

FIG2 is a schematic side view (facing the outer end of the piston rod) of the mounting mechanism involved in the present utility model;

FIG3 is a schematic top view of the installation mechanism involved in the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the mounting mechanism and the supporting mechanism involved in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by taking the use of the mounting mechanism on the mounting equipment as an example.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a top plate 61 is provided to push the bearing sleeve on the journal of the workpiece shaft under the action of a mechanized hammer 68. The surface of the top plate is perpendicular to the horizontal direction and parallel to the side of the bearing, and can evenly distribute the force to various parts of the outer side of the bearing. The top plate slides relative to the cylinder body 51 through the sliding rods (or guide rods) 64 on both sides. The inner end cover 53 of the cylinder body is provided with a flange structure protruding to both sides longitudinally, and through holes (which can be called sliding rod through holes) are provided on the flange structures on each side, and sliding sleeves 65 are fixedly penetrated on these holes. The sliding rod is passed through the sliding sleeve and slidably cooperates with the sliding sleeve. It can slide laterally under the constraint of the sliding sleeve, so that the top plate can slide laterally relative to the cylinder body.

A through-axis hole 63 is provided in the middle of the top plate, which allows the axial end of the workpiece shaft to pass through when necessary. The piston rod 55 of the oil cylinder can also pass through the through-axis hole so that its outer end is against the axial end of the workpiece shaft. The axial fixation and centering of the workpiece shaft are achieved by clamping the piston rods on both sides.

The base 41 is used for installing the mounting mechanism on the frame 10, and a platform or beam or other structure for mounting the base may be provided on the frame. For ease of operation and use, the base is preferably provided with a suitable structure such as a slide rail and a slide groove matching structure to achieve sliding matching between the base and the frame. The left-right direction shown in FIG1 is the horizontal direction, which is usually the length of the frame, and the sliding of the base/mounting mechanism is the horizontal sliding, and the installation of the workpiece axis is also the horizontal direction (the axial direction is the horizontal direction).

A sliding guide structure may be provided between the bottom of the base and the frame (e.g., a work platform on the frame, or a base mounting structure such as a beam for mounting/supporting the base), for example, a guide rail (sliding guide rail, or slide rail) and a guide groove matched with the guide rail, so as to allow and only allow the base to slide laterally relative to the frame.

The base can be a fixed base or a turntable (rotating workbench), that is, a turntable 43 is provided on the base, the turntable is rotatably connected to the base and can rotate horizontally on the base, thereby realizing the rotation of the installation mechanism on the basis of realizing the lateral sliding of the installation mechanism.

The cylinder body 51 of the oil cylinder is fixedly mounted on the turntable, and when no turntable is provided, it is fixedly mounted on the base.

The base is locked/fixed on the frame by any suitable prior art such as a knob plunger elastic pin 45 or a tightening bolt. For example, the tightening bolt is screwed into a tightening screw hole on the base, the tightening screw hole is a through hole, and below (usually below the entire stroke range) is a frame entity (for example, a working platform on the frame, or a beam for installing or supporting the base). After the tightening bolt is tightened, the lower end of the tightening bolt (which may be a round head or a flat head) is tightened on the frame entity, thereby fixing the base on the frame.

When a knob, plunger and elastic pin are used as the sliding locking mechanism of the base, a pin hole (groove) can be provided on the plane corresponding to the base on the frame, and the location of the pin hole can be based on actual needs. For example, a pin hole can be provided at the preparation position for installation (on the frame corresponding to the elastic pin), and/or a pin hole can be provided at the position when the bearing is installed in place. The installation mechanism can be stabilized at this/these positions under the action of the elastic pin, and the knob, plunger and elastic pin can be operated to release the lock at this position when it needs to be moved.

When in use, the lateral positions of the two mounting mechanisms on the frame can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the two ends of the workpiece shaft are clamped and fixed by the outer ends 56 of the piston rods 55 of the two mounting mechanisms. The shaft end bearings are manually aligned at the shaft ends of the workpiece and the base is moved so that the top plate presses the bearings, thereby realizing the centering and fixation of the workpiece shaft during the entire installation process.

All mechanized hammers 68 (e.g., two symmetrically distributed front and back) on the top plate are started to move synchronously, and the top plate is knocked inward laterally, and the top plate 61 pushes the bearing to move inward on the shaft continuously until it is installed in place. The hammering of the symmetrically arranged mechanized hammers does not generate overall torque on the bearing, avoiding damage to the bearing due to distortion.

The piston rods of the two mounting mechanisms on the frame are coaxial (under working state) and the sliding direction of the two is the same as the axial direction of the piston rod. In addition to two parallel fixed brackets 20, two lifting brackets 30 can also be set in the middle of the frame. A spacing should be left between the two fixed brackets and the two lifting brackets to achieve stable support for the shaft. At the same time, the top of each bracket (fixed bracket and lifting bracket) can be provided with a triangular positioning groove to facilitate shaft positioning. When in use, the shaft can be placed on the lifting bracket first (at this time, the top of the lifting bracket is higher than the top of the fixed bracket), and the shaft can be placed on the fixed bracket by controlling the lifting bracket to descend, and the workpiece shaft can be installed. The shaft can also be lifted from the fixed bracket by controlling the lifting bracket to rise (at this time, the top of the lifting bracket is lower than the top of the fixed bracket) to remove the workpiece shaft. The lifting bracket can be lifted and lowered by using a cylinder or a lead screw (a lead screw nut provided with a lifting drive motor). The fixed bracket can also adopt a height-adjustable structure, and a pad or a double nut mechanism can be used to adjust the height to adapt to the shaft with different shaft necks so that the shaft and the piston rods of each cylinder are coaxial and concentric.

After the workpiece shaft is placed on two fixed brackets, the piston rods of the two mounting mechanisms are coaxially aligned with the workpiece shaft. According to the centering structure of the shaft end, the outer end 56 of each piston rod can be set as a conical tip (similar to a top) or a conical groove to achieve centering clamping of the shaft workpiece.

The installation of shaft end bearings of different shaft necks can be adapted by replacing the top plate with different hole diameters (through-shaft hole diameters) and adjusting the height of the top plate.

Two parallel longitudinal (horizontally perpendicular to the length of the frame) guide rails can be provided in the transverse middle of the frame, with a spacing between the two longitudinal guide rails for forklift guidance. The forklift drags the shaft along the longitudinal guide rails, and a position detection device can be provided on the longitudinal guide rails. When the shaft dragged by the forklift moves to the top of the lifting bracket, the detection device sends a signal, the forklift stops moving, the lifting bracket rises to lift the shaft from the forklift, and after the forklift withdraws, the lifting bracket descends to place the shaft on the fixed bracket. Since the main part of the frame can adopt a frame or a frame-like structure, the required components such as the transverse slide rails that cooperate with the installation mechanism base and the longitudinal guide rails that cooperate with the forklift can be set according to actual needs, and the frame and the various movable parts/devices will not interfere with each other during the working process through reasonable frame structure design.

The oil cylinder referred to in this specification includes commonly known air cylinders, oil cylinders and hydraulic cylinders. In the occasions involved in the present utility model, it can be driven by pressurized gas or pressurized liquid and used in conjunction with a compressed air system or a hydraulic system.

The lateral, longitudinal, inner, outer and other directional descriptions in this manual are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship of the relevant parts and do not constitute a limitation on the usage orientation; the lateral direction corresponds to the left and right direction shown in Figure 1; unless otherwise specified or with a clear meaning, in any direction, the middle of the direction facing toward or close to the installation equipment in the working (bearing installation) state is considered inner, and the middle of the direction facing away from or away from the installation equipment is considered outer.

Unless otherwise specified or when one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means, the preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present utility model can be arbitrarily combined to form several different specific implementation methods.

Claims (10)

1. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism is provided with a base and is characterized in that a top plate and an oil cylinder are mounted on the base, the top plate is located at the inner transverse end of the oil cylinder, vertical face arrangement is adopted, the plate surface of the top plate is perpendicular to the transverse direction, a shaft penetrating hole transversely penetrating through the top plate is formed in the middle of the top plate, a piston rod of the oil cylinder extends out of the inner end of the oil cylinder and is coaxial with the shaft penetrating hole, and a mechanized hammer for applying transverse inward acting force to the top plate is mounted on the outer side face of the top plate.

2. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism of claim 1 wherein the top plate is movably coupled transversely to the body of the cylinder to thereby effect mounting of the top plate to the base.

3. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism of claim 2 wherein the top plate is movably coupled to the cylinder in a lateral direction by a slide bar slidably engaged with the cylinder.

4. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism as defined in claim 3, wherein the number of the sliding bars is two, the sliding bars are respectively positioned at two longitudinal sides of the cylinder body, the inner ends of the two sliding bars are respectively fixedly connected to two longitudinal sides of the outer side surface of the top plate, and the two longitudinal sides of the cylinder body are provided with sliding holes or sliding grooves which are in sliding fit with the corresponding sideslip bars.

5. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism as defined in claim 4, wherein the inner end cap of said cylinder is provided with a flange structure protruding to both sides in the longitudinal direction, said slide hole or slide groove being provided on said flange structure.

6. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism of claim 5 wherein the slide bar is a round bar.

7. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer end of the piston rod of the cylinder is provided with a locating/centering structure for engaging the shaft end of the workpiece shaft.

8. The shaft end bearing mounting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a turntable is provided or not provided on the base, and when the turntable is provided, the turntable is rotatably mounted on the base to form a turntable together with the base, and a cylinder body of the cylinder is fixedly mounted on the turntable, thereby realizing the mounting on the base; when the turntable is not arranged, the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the base.

9. The shaft end bearing mounting device is provided with a frame and is characterized in that two mounting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the frame left and right, and the mounting mechanisms are the shaft end bearing mounting mechanisms according to any one of claims 1-8, and bases of the mounting mechanisms are transversely connected with the frame in a sliding mode.

10. The shaft end bearing mounting apparatus of claim 9 wherein a slide lock mechanism is provided between the base and the frame for securing the base to the frame.