CN221315807U - Low-voltage power management device for vehicle fuel cell system and system thereof - Google Patents
Low-voltage power management device for vehicle fuel cell system and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN221315807U CN221315807U CN202420067672.3U CN202420067672U CN221315807U CN 221315807 U CN221315807 U CN 221315807U CN 202420067672 U CN202420067672 U CN 202420067672U CN 221315807 U CN221315807 U CN 221315807U
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Abstract
The present utility model relates to a low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system, comprising: a vehicle control unit for controlling the vehicle; a fuel cell control unit for controlling the fuel cell system; a low-voltage power supply unit connected with the vehicle control unit and the fuel cell control unit to supply power thereto; and a delay control switch (4) provided in a power supply path (2) in which the low-voltage power supply unit supplies power to the fuel cell control unit, an input terminal (42) of the delay control switch being connected to the vehicle control unit, an output terminal (41) of the delay control switch being connected in series in the power supply path, the delay control switch being controlled by the vehicle control unit to be turned on when the vehicle is powered on and turned off after a predetermined delay time is delayed when the vehicle is failed or powered off. The utility model also relates to a vehicle fuel cell system. The utility model can ensure that the fuel cell system is safely closed when the vehicle is powered off, thereby realizing power-off protection.
Description
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly, to a low-voltage power supply management device for a vehicle fuel cell system, and to a vehicle fuel cell system that manages power supply by the low-voltage power supply management device.
Background
With the development of new energy technology, fuel cells are increasingly used in vehicles. The control unit of the fuel cell system typically needs to be powered by a low voltage power source.
In low-voltage power circuits, a manual switch is usually provided to reduce the quiescent current or to safely stop the vehicle in the event of an emergency failure. However, if the manual switch is suddenly turned off, the power supply voltage of the fuel cell control unit will slowly drop due to the capacitive discharge of the low voltage circuit, for example, from 28V to 0V in more than 150ms, which will make the driving capability unstable. An unstable drive voltage will cause the fuel cell system to lose stable autonomous control capability or cause hardware failure. In addition, in the low-voltage power supply circuit in which the manual switch is not provided, the above-described problem is also present when the vehicle fails.
For this reason, there is a need for an improved low voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system.
Disclosure of utility model
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a power-off protection type low-voltage power management device for a vehicle fuel cell system.
According to one aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system, comprising:
A vehicle control unit for controlling the vehicle;
A fuel cell control unit for controlling the fuel cell system;
A low-voltage power supply unit connected with the vehicle control unit and the fuel cell control unit to supply power thereto; and
And a delay control switch provided in a power supply path in which the low-voltage power supply unit supplies power to the fuel cell control unit, an input end of the delay control switch being connected to the vehicle control unit, an output end of the delay control switch being connected in series in the power supply path, wherein the delay control switch is controlled by the vehicle control unit to be turned on when the vehicle is powered on and turned off after a predetermined delay time when the vehicle is failed or powered off.
According to one embodiment, the delay control switch is a relay or a transistor for which a delay time is set by the vehicle control unit.
According to one embodiment, the delay control switch is a delay relay.
According to one embodiment, the output of the delay control switch is feedback connected to the vehicle control unit to provide the switching state of the delay control switch.
According to one embodiment, after the fuel cell system is completed to stop and the vehicle control unit receives a stop completion flag transmitted by the fuel cell system, the fuel cell system enters a sleep state, and the delay control switch is turned off after the fuel cell system enters the sleep state.
According to one embodiment, the low voltage power management apparatus further comprises a manual switch connected in parallel with the delay control switch, one end of the manual switch being connected to the power supply path between the output of the delay control switch and the low voltage power supply unit, the other end of the manual switch being connected to the vehicle control unit,
Wherein the vehicle control unit controls the delay control switch to be on when the manual switch is on, and controls the delay control switch to be off after a predetermined delay time when the manual switch is off or the fuel cell system is stopped.
According to one embodiment, the vehicle control unit transmits an emergency stop request to the fuel cell system when the manual switch is turned off, and brings the fuel cell system into a sleep state after receiving a stop completion flag transmitted by the fuel cell system, the delay control switch being turned off after the fuel cell system enters the sleep state.
According to one embodiment, one end of the manual switch is connected to the fuel cell control unit to provide the fuel cell control unit with the off information of the manual switch.
According to one embodiment, the low-voltage power supply unit includes a vehicle-starting battery and a direct-current step-down module connected in parallel to each other, the vehicle-starting battery being connected to the vehicle control unit via a key switch, the vehicle control unit being woken up when the key switch is turned on and waking up the fuel cell control unit after being woken up, the direct-current step-down module supplying power to the vehicle control unit after being woken up and supplying power to the fuel cell control unit after the delay control switch is turned on.
According to another aspect of the present utility model, there is also provided a vehicle fuel cell system including a fuel cell and the above-described low-voltage power management apparatus connected to the fuel cell to manage power supply thereof.
According to the utility model, the delay control switch is arranged in the power supply path of the fuel cell control unit, so that the driving voltage of the fuel cell control unit can be stabilized when the vehicle is powered off, the normal shutdown of the vehicle fuel cell system can be completed, the hardware damage is avoided, and the power-off protection effect is realized.
Drawings
Other features and advantages of the present utility model will be apparent from the accompanying drawings and from the following description, which illustrate specific details of various embodiments according to the utility model.
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of operation of the power management device shown in FIG. 1 at power-on;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the power management device of FIG. 1 in manual operation upon power outage;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the operation of the power management device shown in FIG. 1 automatically upon power failure;
Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of the operation of the power management device shown in fig. 5 at power-on.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments according to the present utility model and modifications thereof will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These specific embodiments and variations thereof are described by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model in any way.
The present utility model relates to a low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system. The low-voltage power management device is provided with a delay control switch on a power supply path of the fuel cell control unit, and the delay control switch is controlled to be switched on and off by the vehicle control unit. After the vehicle is powered on, the delay control switch is controlled to be turned on to normally power the fuel cell control unit. When the vehicle has an emergency fault or is in power failure (such as the power battery of the vehicle has a fault), the vehicle control unit controls the delay control switch to be turned off in a delay way so as to continuously supply power to the fuel cell control unit within a preset delay time, thereby stabilizing the driving voltage of the fuel cell control unit to ensure that the fuel cell system of the vehicle is stopped normally, avoiding hardware damage and realizing the function of power failure protection.
(First embodiment)
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-voltage power management apparatus includes a vehicle control unit VCU, a fuel cell control unit FCCU, and a low-voltage power supply unit LVU connected to the vehicle control unit VCU and the fuel cell control unit FCCU to supply power thereto. The vehicle control unit VCU is used for controlling the entire vehicle and the fuel cell control unit FCCU is used for controlling the entire fuel cell system including the fuel cell stack. The low voltage power supply unit LVU is used to supply power to the vehicle control unit VCU and the fuel cell control unit FCCU during vehicle start-up and vehicle operation.
The low voltage power supply unit LVU may include a vehicle start-up battery LVB for powering the key switch 1 (which is used to start the vehicle) and a dc step-down module DCL for powering the vehicle control unit VCU and the fuel cell control unit FCCU during vehicle operation. The dc step-down module DCL is used to convert high-voltage power of a vehicle power battery (not shown) into voltage power suitable for each control unit. The vehicle-starting battery LVB and the dc-voltage-reducing module DCL may be arranged in parallel so as to be supplied with power together during operation of the vehicle.
The output of the low voltage power supply unit LVU is connected to the fuel cell control unit FCCU via a power supply path 2 (e.g. to the fuel cell control unit FCCU via a power supply connector 3 of the fuel cell control unit FCCU) for powering the fuel cell control unit FCCU. A delay control switch 4 is provided on the power supply path 2, an output terminal 41 of the delay control switch 4 is connected in series in the power supply path 2, and an input terminal 42 is connected to a vehicle control unit VCU, so that the vehicle control unit VCU controls on and off of the delay control switch 4, thereby controlling on or off of the power supply path 2.
The delay control switch 4 may be a relay such as an electromagnetic relay as shown in fig. 1, or may be a transistor such as a MOS transistor, or may be designed as another suitable switching circuit. To control the delayed opening of the delay control switch 4, the vehicle control unit VCU may be provided with delay control logic, for example in the form of a timer, which may set the delay time in dependence on the time required for the fuel cell system to be completely shut down, such as shut down, or to enter a sleep state. By utilizing software logic to realize delay control in the existing vehicle control unit VCU, no additional hardware is required to be added to the vehicle control unit VCU, so that the control cost is reduced. Alternatively, the delay control switch 4 itself may also employ a delay relay which is provided with a delay control itself, so that the delay time does not need to be set by the vehicle control unit VCU.
In order to monitor whether the time delay control switch 4 is working properly, the output 41 of the time delay control switch 4 may also be connected in feedback to the vehicle control unit VCU. After the vehicle control unit VCU has controlled the delay control switch 4 to be turned on or off, the vehicle control unit VCU acquires on and off information of the delay control switch 4 through the feedback connection F to determine whether the delay control switch 4 is operating normally. When it is judged that the delay control switch 4 is not operating normally, the vehicle control unit VCU may control the delay control switch 4 to be turned on or off again and/or send an alarm signal to the outside.
In addition, a manual switch 5 may be provided in parallel with the delay control switch 4 between the power supply path 2 of the fuel cell control unit FCCU and the vehicle control unit VCU, one end of the manual switch 5 being connected to the power supply path 2 between the output terminal 41 of the delay control switch 4 and the low-voltage power supply unit LVU, and the other end being connected to the vehicle control unit VCU.
When the manual switch 5 is turned on, the vehicle control unit VCU receives a hardware enable signal transmitted from the manual switch 5 or automatically detects that the manual switch 5 is turned on, and then controls the delay control switch 4 to be turned on to close the power supply path 2 of the fuel cell control unit FCCU to supply power to the fuel cell control unit FCCU. When the manual switch 5 is turned off, for example, intentionally turned off due to an emergency failure of the vehicle power battery or unintentionally turned off due to a malfunction, the vehicle control unit VCU receives a hardware disable signal transmitted from the manual switch 5 or automatically detects that the manual switch 5 is turned off, and controls the delay control switch 4 to be turned off after a predetermined delay time from the time of the vehicle power-off or the time of knowing that the manual switch 5 is turned off or other trigger signal to disconnect the power supply path 2, stop the power supply to the fuel cell control unit FCCU, and realize emergency stop protection, for example, the power battery and/or the fuel cell system may be protected.
In order for the fuel cell control unit FCCU to acquire the switching state of the manual switch 5, one end of the manual switch 5 may also be connected to the fuel cell control unit FCCU (e.g. to the fuel cell control unit FCCU via the control connector 6 of the fuel cell control unit FCCU) to transmit the disconnection information to the fuel cell control unit FCCU when the manual switch 5 is disconnected (whether intentionally or unintentionally), the fuel cell control unit FCCU may autonomously stop after receiving the disconnection information of the manual switch 5, so that the fuel cell control unit FCCU may stop even if the vehicle control unit VCU fails without sending a stop signal to the fuel cell control unit FCCU.
The vehicle control unit VCU is connected to the vehicle-starting battery LVB via the key switch 1 to wake up the vehicle control unit VCU when the key switch 1 is closed. In addition, the vehicle control unit VCU may be connected to the fuel cell control unit FCCU via the CAN bus to communicate therewith, for example, the vehicle control unit VCU that is awakened when the key switch 1 is closed wakes up the fuel cell control unit FCCU.
In the case where the manual switch 5 is not provided to the power supply management apparatus, the vehicle control unit VCU may be configured to directly turn on the delay control switch 4 when the vehicle is powered on, and to delay the delay control switch 4 by a predetermined delay time when the vehicle is powered off (for example, when the vehicle control unit VCU knows that the vehicle is powered off or receives another trigger signal). The predetermined delay time is set according to the shutdown time required for the fuel cell system to be completely shut down (e.g., shut down, put into a sleep state) after the vehicle is powered down, so that the delay control switch 4 is turned off after the fuel cell system is completely shut down to ensure that the fuel cell system can be normally completely shut down after the vehicle is powered down.
In the case where the manual switch 5 is provided to the low-voltage power management apparatus, the vehicle control unit VCU is configured to turn on the delay control switch 4 when the manual switch 5 is turned on, and is configured to delay the delay control switch 4 by a predetermined delay time when the manual switch 5 is turned off (for example, when the vehicle control unit VCU receives information of the turning-off of the manual switch 5 or other trigger signal). Or even if the manual switch 5 is not turned off, the delay control switch 4 is turned off by delaying a predetermined delay time when the vehicle is powered off (for example, the vehicle control unit VCU detects or receives the power-off information). Also, the predetermined delay time is set according to the shutdown time required for the fuel cell system to be completely shut down (e.g., shut down, put into a sleep state) after the vehicle is powered down, so that the delay control switch 4 is turned off after the fuel cell system is completely shut down to ensure that the fuel cell system can be normally completely shut down after the vehicle is powered down.
By opening the manual switch 5 in the event of an emergency failure of the vehicle or other need for a power outage or accident, the power cell and/or fuel cell system may be protected from the fuel cell system as a low voltage component of the vehicle. In addition, by setting the manual switch 5 to realize the scram function, the whole vehicle system can rapidly complete scram and lower high voltage in 5s, for example, when a slight collision or other undetected faults occur, the scram of the system can be controlled manually. Furthermore, the utility model controls whether the piezoelectric is connected into the fuel cell system or not by operating one part of the manual switch, thereby greatly simplifying the system design and reducing the failure rate of the system design.
The utility model also relates to a control method executed by the low-voltage power management device, which comprises the following steps:
S1: energizing the vehicle;
S2: supplying power to a vehicle control unit VCU by using a low-voltage power supply unit LVU;
S3: the vehicle control unit VCU controls the delay control switch 4 to be turned on to close the power supply path 2 of the fuel cell system;
S4: in the event of a malfunction or power failure of the vehicle, the vehicle control unit VCU controls the delay control switch 4 to be turned off after a delay of a predetermined delay time
An exemplary control operation of the low-voltage power management apparatus shown in fig. 1 when the vehicle is powered on and off will be described below with reference to fig. 2 to 4.
As shown in fig. 2, when the vehicle is powered on, the low-voltage power management apparatus performs the following operations:
s101: closing the key switch 1, and electrifying the vehicle;
S102: waking up the vehicle control unit VCU;
S103: the vehicle control unit VCU determines whether the manual switch 5 is turned on, if so, proceeds to step S104, and if not, repeats step S103;
S104: the vehicle control unit VCU controls the delay control switch 4 to be turned on;
S105: the vehicle control unit VCU wakes up the fuel cell system and the vehicle starts.
Through the above-described operation, after the vehicle is powered on, the time delay control switch 4 is turned on after the manual switch 5 is turned on so that the fuel cell control unit FCCU is in a fail or power-off protection state during the operation of the vehicle.
The manual switch 5 may be manually turned off when a malfunction or abnormality occurs during the running of the vehicle, or the power supply management apparatus may perform the following operations as shown in fig. 3 when the manual switch 5 is unintentionally turned off:
S201: the manual switch 5 is turned off:
S202: the vehicle control unit VCU receives the information that the manual switch 5 is turned off:
s203: the vehicle control unit VCU sends an emergency shutdown request to the fuel cell control unit FCCU;
S204: the fuel cell control unit FCCU emergency stops and sends a stop completion flag to the vehicle control unit VCU after the emergency stop:
S205: the vehicle control unit VCU controls the fuel cell control unit FCCU to enter a sleep state (pull-down wake-up signal);
s206: after a predetermined delay time, the vehicle control unit VCU turns off the delay control switch 4, and the fuel cell system is safely powered off.
Described above is an operation performed by the power supply management apparatus when the manual switch 5 is manually turned off. If the vehicle itself can monitor the power failure when the vehicle is powered off, the power supply management apparatus performs the following operations as shown in fig. 4 even if the manual switch 5 is still in the on state:
S301: the fuel cell control unit FCCU automatically shuts down or the vehicle control unit VCU controls the fuel cell control unit FCCU to shut down:
S302: the fuel cell control unit FCCU sends a shutdown completion flag to the vehicle control unit VCU after the shutdown is completed:
S303: the vehicle control unit VCU controls the fuel cell control unit FCCU to enter a sleep state (pull-down wake-up signal);
S304: after a predetermined delay time, the vehicle control unit VCU turns off the delay control switch 4, and the fuel cell system is safely powered off.
As described above, even if the manual switch 5 is still in the on state, the vehicle control unit VCU can control the fuel cell system to be powered off after the fuel cell system is completely stopped, thereby avoiding a high quiescent current and reducing the quiescent power consumption.
In this embodiment, whether the manual switch 5 is unintentionally turned off during normal operation of the vehicle or the vehicle is powered off by the manual switch 5 being turned off or the vehicle being automatically monitored for abnormality when abnormality occurs, the vehicle control unit VCU can control the delay control switch 4 to be turned off in a delayed manner, that is, the delay control switch 4 is turned off after waiting for a predetermined delay time for the fuel cell system to safely stop or enter a sleep state, so that the fuel cell system can be safely powered off, control loss and hardware damage due to slow drop of the driving voltage of the fuel cell control unit FCCU can be avoided, static current of the fuel cell system can be reduced, static power consumption can be reduced, and the power cell can be protected when the power cell malfunctions.
(Second embodiment)
Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present utility model. This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the manual switch 5 is omitted, and other configurations are the same as or similar to the first embodiment. Only the differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment will be described below.
As shown in fig. 5, since the manual switch 5 is omitted, the control of the low-voltage power management apparatus of this embodiment is no longer manually interfered with but is fully automated.
When the vehicle is powered on, as shown in fig. 6, the low-voltage power management apparatus performs the following operations:
s1001: closing the key switch 1, and electrifying the vehicle;
S1002: waking up the vehicle control unit VCU;
s1003: the vehicle control unit VCU controls the delay control switch 4 to be turned on;
s1004: the vehicle control unit VCU wakes up the fuel cell system and the vehicle starts.
By the above operation, after the vehicle is powered on, the time delay control switch 4 is directly controlled to be closed so as to put the fuel cell control unit FCCU in a fail or power-off protection state during the operation of the vehicle.
When a power outage abnormality occurs, the vehicle itself monitors the power outage abnormality, and performs the same operation as shown in fig. 4:
S301: the fuel cell control unit FCCU automatically shuts down or the vehicle control unit VCU controls the fuel cell control unit FCCU to shut down:
S302: the fuel cell control unit FCCU sends a shutdown completion flag to the vehicle control unit VCU after the shutdown is completed:
S303: the vehicle control unit VCU controls the fuel cell control unit FCCU to enter a sleep state (pull-down wake-up signal);
S304: after a predetermined delay time, the vehicle control unit VCU turns off the delay control switch 4, and the fuel cell system is safely powered off.
The second embodiment can achieve the same technical effects as the first embodiment except that no human intervention is made, namely, by controlling the delay control switch 4 to delay the turning off at the time of the power failure abnormality and turning off the delay control switch 4 after waiting for a predetermined time for the fuel cell unit to completely stop or enter the sleep state, the fuel cell control unit FCCU can be safely powered off, unstable driving of the fuel cell control unit FCCU can be avoided, and damage to hardware can be avoided, static power consumption can be reduced, and at the same time, the power cell can be protected when the power cell fails.
The utility model also relates to a vehicle fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell and the above-mentioned low-voltage power management device connected to the fuel cell for managing the power supply thereof.
Specific embodiments according to the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the specific configurations or method steps described above, but encompasses various modifications and equivalent features. Various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A low-voltage power management apparatus for a vehicle fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
A vehicle control unit for controlling the vehicle;
A fuel cell control unit for controlling the fuel cell system;
A low-voltage power supply unit connected with the vehicle control unit and the fuel cell control unit to supply power thereto; and
A delay control switch (4) provided in a power supply path (2) where the low-voltage power supply unit supplies power to the fuel cell control unit, an input terminal (42) of the delay control switch (4) being connected to the vehicle control unit, an output terminal (41) of the delay control switch (4) being connected in series in the power supply path (2), wherein the delay control switch (4) is controlled by the vehicle control unit to be turned on when the vehicle is powered on and turned off after a predetermined delay time is delayed when the vehicle is out of order or powered off.
2. The power supply management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the delay control switch (4) is a relay or a transistor whose delay time is set by the vehicle control unit.
3. The low voltage power management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the delay control switch (4) is a delay relay.
4. The low voltage power management device according to claim 1, characterized in that an output (41) of the delay control switch (4) is feedback connected to the vehicle control unit to provide a switching state of the delay control switch (4).
5. The low-voltage power management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fuel cell system enters a sleep state after the fuel cell system completes a stop and the vehicle control unit receives a stop completion flag transmitted by the fuel cell system, the delay control switch (4) being turned off after the fuel cell system enters the sleep state.
6. The low-voltage power supply management device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the low-voltage power supply management device further comprises a manual switch (5) connected in parallel with the time delay control switch (4), one end of the manual switch (5) being connected to the power supply path (2) between the output (41) of the time delay control switch (4) and the low-voltage power supply unit, the other end of the manual switch (5) being connected to the vehicle control unit,
Wherein the vehicle control unit controls the delay control switch (4) to be on when the manual switch (5) is on, and controls the delay control switch (4) to be off after a predetermined delay time when the manual switch (5) is off or the fuel cell system is stopped.
7. The power supply management apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the vehicle control unit transmits an emergency stop request to the fuel cell system when the manual switch (5) is turned off, and brings the fuel cell system into a sleep state after receiving a stop completion flag transmitted by the fuel cell system, the delay control switch (4) being turned off after the fuel cell system enters the sleep state.
8. The low-voltage power management apparatus according to claim 6, wherein one end of the manual switch (5) is connected to the fuel cell control unit to provide the fuel cell control unit with the off information of the manual switch (5).
9. The low-voltage power supply management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the low-voltage power supply unit includes a vehicle-starting battery and a direct-current step-down module connected in parallel with each other, the vehicle-starting battery being connected via a key switch (1) and the vehicle control unit, the vehicle control unit being awakened when the key switch (1) is turned on and awakening the fuel cell control unit after being awakened, the direct-current step-down module supplying power to the vehicle control unit after the vehicle control unit is awakened, and supplying power to the fuel cell control unit after the delay control switch (4) is closed.
10. A vehicle fuel cell system, characterized in that the vehicle fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell and the low-voltage power management device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 connected to the fuel cell to manage power supply thereof.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202420067672.3U CN221315807U (en) | 2024-01-11 | 2024-01-11 | Low-voltage power management device for vehicle fuel cell system and system thereof |
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| CN202420067672.3U CN221315807U (en) | 2024-01-11 | 2024-01-11 | Low-voltage power management device for vehicle fuel cell system and system thereof |
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