CN220752336U - Filter film, amplifying reflection element, head-up display and vehicle - Google Patents
Filter film, amplifying reflection element, head-up display and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a filter film, an amplifying reflection element, a head-up display and a vehicle, wherein the filter film is arranged on the surface of a curved mirror, and can selectively reflect first light rays with first wavelength characteristics and transmit or absorb second light rays with second wavelength characteristics, wherein the reflectivity of the filter film to the first light rays is greater than or equal to 50%. The utility model can ensure that the image light emitted by the image source is imaged after being reflected by the filter film on the light path of the head-up display, and cut off the light rays of other wave bands in the sunlight, prevent the light rays of other wave bands in the sunlight from being irradiated on the image source to focus after being reflected by the filter film, so that the temperature of the image source is too high, the burning of the image source is effectively avoided, the working reliability and the stability of the head-up display are conveniently improved, and the service life of the head-up display is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of optical filtering, in particular to an optical filtering film, an amplifying reflection element, a head-up display and a vehicle.
Background
HUD (head up display) also is called head up display, through the light projection that sends the image source of HUD on imaging window (like imaging plate of afterloading or the windscreen etc. of vehicle, the user need not the low head just can directly see the picture to can improve user experience. In the prior art, when sunlight irradiates the HUD, the temperature of an image source possibly rises, and the phenomenon of screen burning of the image source possibly occurs due to the excessively high temperature, so that the normal work and the service life of the image source are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the utility model aims to provide a filter film, an amplifying reflection element, a head-up display and a vehicle, so as to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, when sunlight irradiates a HUD, the temperature of an image source is possibly increased, the phenomenon of screen burning occurs, and the normal work and the service life of the image source are affected.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the optical filter film is arranged on the surface of the curved mirror, can selectively reflect first light rays with first wavelength characteristics and can transmit or absorb second light rays with second wavelength characteristics, wherein the reflectivity of the optical filter film on the first light rays is greater than or equal to 50%.
In some embodiments, the first wavelength characteristic is a first preset wavelength band, the reflectivity of the optical filter film to light rays of the first preset wavelength band is equal to or greater than 80%, the second wavelength characteristic is a second preset wavelength band, and the reflectivity of the optical filter film to light rays of the second preset wavelength band is equal to or less than 20%.
In some embodiments, the wavelength range of the first preset band is 410-480 nm and 510-650 nm, or the wavelength range of the first preset band is 420-460 nm and 520-620 nm; the wavelength range of the second preset wave band is other wavelength ranges than the wavelength range of the first preset wave band in the range of 0-1900 nm.
In some embodiments, the filter is a three-way filter with three passbands corresponding to three primary colors of red, green and blue, and the first light with the first wavelength characteristic is light in three spectral ranges of red, green and blue.
In some embodiments, the filter film is a selective wavelength reflective transmissive film or a selective wavelength reflective absorptive film.
In some embodiments, the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is a light having an S-polarization characteristic or a P-polarization characteristic.
In some embodiments, the wavelength range of the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is determined according to the wavelength range of the image light emitted from the image source corresponding to the curved mirror.
In some embodiments, the optical filter is a film, and the optical filter includes a first refractive index film layer and a second refractive index film layer that are alternately stacked, where the refractive index of the first refractive index film layer is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive index film layer.
In some embodiments, the first refractive index film layer has a refractive index in the range of 1.8 to 2.6 and the second refractive index film layer has a refractive index in the range of 1.3 to 1.8; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the first refractive index film layer is a metal compound film layer, and the second refractive index film layer is an inorganic compound film layer; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the thickness range of the first refractive index film layer is 1-200 nm, and the thickness range of the second refractive index film layer is 1-200 nm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the number of layers of the first refractive index film layer is 10-30, and the number of layers of the second refractive index film layer is 10-30.
In some embodiments, the filter film further includes a smoothing layer disposed on at least one side of a film layer group formed by the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer.
In some embodiments, the curved mirror is made of glass or plastic.
In some embodiments, the filter film is coated on a surface of the curved mirror near the image source.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides an amplifying reflection element which comprises a curved mirror and the filter film.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a head-up display, which comprises:
the head-up display comprises a head-up display body, wherein the head-up display body comprises an image source, and the image source is used for emitting image light;
a reflecting device mounted on a windshield of the vehicle or at a position near the windshield;
and the amplifying and reflecting element is arranged on the light path between the image source and the reflecting device, and the amplifying and reflecting element is the amplifying and reflecting element.
In some embodiments, the image light emitted by the image source is a first light having a first polarization characteristic and having a first wavelength characteristic, and the amplifying and reflecting element is capable of selectively reflecting the first light and transmitting or absorbing a second light, wherein the second light is other light than the light having the first polarization characteristic and having the first wavelength characteristic.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a vehicle comprising the head-up display.
According to the filter film, the amplifying reflection element, the head-up display and the vehicle, the filter film is arranged to selectively reflect the first light with the first wavelength characteristic and transmit or absorb the second light with the second wavelength characteristic, so that the image light emitted by the image source can be imaged after being reflected by the filter film on the light path of the head-up display, meanwhile, light rays of other wave bands in sunlight are cut off, the condition that the temperature of the image source is too high due to the fact that the light rays of other wave bands in sunlight are irradiated at the image source after being reflected by the filter film is prevented, burning of the image source is effectively avoided, the working reliability and stability of the head-up display are improved conveniently, and the service life of the head-up display is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an imaging schematic diagram of a head-up display according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an amplifying reflection element according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a filter film according to an embodiment of the utility model
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a filter according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and the reflectivity of the first light ray according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is another graph of wavelength versus reflectance for a first light ray according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
Various aspects and features of the present utility model are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the application herein. Therefore, the above description should not be taken as limiting, but merely as exemplification of the embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the utility model will occur to persons of ordinary skill in the art.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and, together with a general description of the utility model given above, and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the utility model.
These and other characteristics of the utility model will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment, given as a non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is also to be understood that, although the utility model has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person skilled in the art will certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of the utility model, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.
The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the utility model, which can be embodied in various forms. Well-known and/or repeated functions and constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the utility model in unnecessary or unnecessary detail. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present utility model in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.
The specification may use the word "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments in accordance with the utility model.
Fig. 1 shows an imaging schematic of a heads-up display. As shown in fig. 1, the head-up display 10 reflects, for example, automobile driving assistance information, navigation information, inspection control information, and ADAS information, etc., to a human eye via the windshield 20 using an optical reflection principle to form a virtual image. For example, the head-up display 10 includes an image source 110 and an amplifying reflection element 120, where the image light emitted by the image source 110 may be incident on the amplifying reflection element 120 and be incident on the windshield 20 under the reflection effect of the amplifying reflection element 120, and the image light is reflected to human eyes by using an external reflection device such as the windshield 20 to form a virtual image frame, where the virtual image frame may be projected near the windshield 20 or in front of the windshield 20 for viewing by a user.
For example, the magnifying reflective element 120 may be a curved mirror.
For example, image source 110 may be a display screen, which may be an LCD liquid crystal display screen or an LED screen; the image source 110 may also be a DLP (Digital Light Processing ) image source, an LBS (Laser Beam Scanning, laser scanning) image source, a diffuser (diffuser), and an image source formed by a backlight module. The image source formed by the diffusion sheet and the backlight module can be an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon ) image source, and red, green and blue lasers or LEDs with higher power are used as light sources to irradiate on the LCOS through a light combining system, and finally an image is formed on a Diffuser. In this embodiment, the image source 110 is taken as an example of a display screen, and the image forming of the image source 110 and the magnifying reflective element 120 is described.
As shown in fig. 1, when sunlight flows backward, external sunlight is incident on the windshield 20 and is incident on the image source 110 under the effect of the transmission of the windshield 20 and the reflection of the amplifying reflection element 120, the sunlight irradiates the image source 110 and is focused on the image source 110, so that the temperature of the image source 110 is excessively increased, and the image source 110 may be burned out by the focused sunlight and cannot be used. For example, when the image source 110 is a display screen, a burn-in phenomenon may occur.
In view of the above, embodiments of the present utility model provide a filter film, an magnifying reflective element, a head-up display, and a vehicle.
Example 1
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of an amplifying reflection element according to an embodiment of the present utility model, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a filter film according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and fig. 4 shows a schematic working view of a filter film according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, a first embodiment of the present utility model provides a filter film 1, where the filter film 1 is disposed on a surface of a curved mirror 2, and the filter film 1 is capable of selectively reflecting a first light having a first wavelength characteristic and transmitting or absorbing a second light having a second wavelength characteristic, and a reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the first light is greater than or equal to 50%.
For example, the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is an image light (light a) emitted from the image source 110, which is incident on the filter film 1, and is reflected by the filter film 1, and thus a virtual image can be formed. The image light is reflected by the filter film 1 with a reflectivity of at least 50%, so as to improve the display brightness and display effect of the virtual image formed by the image light, i.e. more useful image light related to imaging emitted by the image source 110 is reflected to the windshield 20 as much as possible, so as to ensure that a complete and better-quality virtual image picture is formed, i.e. the filter film 1 capable of selectively reflecting the first light with the first wavelength characteristic is arranged, and the imaging process of the head-up display is not affected. For example, the reflectance of the filter film 1 to the first light is 60% or more, or the reflectance of the filter film 1 to the first light is 70% or more, or the reflectance of the filter film 1 to the first light is 80% or more, or the reflectance of the filter film 1 to the first light is 90% or more.
For example, the second light having the second wavelength characteristic refers to light having the second wavelength characteristic among the external light B represented by external sunlight, in other words, the second light refers to light having the second wavelength characteristic among natural light. After the second light beam is incident on the filter film 1, the second light beam can be transmitted or absorbed by the filter film 1 (for example, the transmitted light beam C is formed), so that the second light beam is prevented from being reflected by the filter film 1 and then irradiated to the image source 110, the intensity of the external light beam B incident on the image source 110 can be reduced, and the situation that the temperature of the image source 110 is excessively increased due to the fact that the external light beam B is excessively strong and focused on the image source 110 is avoided, so that the image source 110 is burnt out is avoided.
Optionally, the first wavelength characteristic is different from the second wavelength characteristic, so as to avoid that the absorption or transmission of the second light by the filter film 1 affects the imaging of the first light, in other words, the first light (the reflected light D) having the first wavelength characteristic in the external light B may be reflected to the image source 110 by the filter film 1, so as to avoid affecting the imaging effect of the head-up display 10 due to the transmission or absorption of the first light by the filter film 1. Only the first light with the first wavelength characteristic can be reflected to the image source 110, so that the amount of the external light B incident to the image source 110 is greatly reduced, and the intensity of the external light B incident to the image source 110 is reduced. In this embodiment, the second light may be any light in the solar spectrum except the above-mentioned range of the first light.
According to the filter film 1 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the filter film 1 is arranged to selectively reflect the first light with the first wavelength characteristic and transmit or absorb the second light with the second wavelength characteristic, so that clear imaging of image light emitted by the image source 110 after being reflected by the filter film 1 can be ensured on a light path of the head-up display 10, meanwhile, light rays of other wave bands in sunlight are cut off, the condition that the temperature of the image source 110 is too high due to the fact that the light rays of other wave bands in sunlight are irradiated at the image source 110 after being reflected by the filter film 1 is prevented, burning of the image source 110 is effectively avoided, the working reliability and stability of the head-up display 10 are improved conveniently, and the service life of the head-up display 10 is prolonged.
In some embodiments, the first wavelength characteristic is a first preset wavelength band, and the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the first preset wavelength band is equal to or greater than 80%, for example, the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the first preset wavelength band is equal to or greater than 85%, or the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the first preset wavelength band is equal to or greater than 90%, or for example, the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the first preset wavelength band is equal to or greater than 95%; the second wavelength characteristic is a second preset wave band, and the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the second preset wave band is less than or equal to 20%, for example, the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the second preset wave band is less than or equal to 15%, or the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the second preset wave band is less than or equal to 10%, or the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light of the second preset wave band is less than or equal to 5%.
For example, the first predetermined wavelength band includes a wavelength range of image light for imaging through windshield 20, e.g., the first predetermined wavelength band is a wavelength range of visible light emitted by image source 110. The filter film 1 can reflect the image light rays in the wavelength range to the windshield 20 with higher reflectivity, so that high-quality imaging of the head-up display is realized; the second preset wave band can be any wavelength range except the first preset wave band, and the reflectivity of the light rays of the second preset wave band by the filter film 1 is less than or equal to 20%, so that no or only a small amount of light rays of the second preset wave band can be reflected by the filter film 1 and then irradiated to the image source 110, excessive external light rays can be effectively prevented from being irradiated to the image source 110, and screen burning of the image source 110 is prevented.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the wavelength range of the first preset wavelength band is 410 to 480nm (it is to be understood that the numerical ranges shown in the embodiments of the present utility model all include the end points) and 510 to 650nm, or as shown in fig. 6, the wavelength range of the first preset wavelength band is 420 to 460nm and 520 to 620nm;
the wavelength range of the second preset wave band is other wavelength ranges than the wavelength range of the first preset wave band in the range of 0-1900 nm.
The image light emitted by the image source 110 is mainly visible light (the wavelength range of visible light is 390 nm-780 nm), wherein the light in the wavelength range of 410-480 nm is blue light, and the light in the wavelength range of 510-650 nm comprises green light (520 nm-532 nm), yellow light (577 nm-589 nm) and red light (635 nm-650 nm).
In this embodiment, the first light is light in a wavelength range of 410-480 nm and/or 510-650 nm, and the three primary colors of red, green and blue light can be utilized to form full color imaging, and the yellow light is utilized to correct the formed virtual image, so as to realize high quality imaging. And, the filter film 1 is set to have higher reflectivity for the selected partial wave band range in the visible light range, so that the filter film has lower reflectivity for other wave band ranges in the visible light range, and excessive external sunlight can be prevented from being reflected to the image source 110 through the filter film 1.
It can be understood that the wavelength range of the first preset wave band removes light rays in the range of 480-510 nm (cyan light or light blue light), and reduces color information (color gamut), so that the saturation of a virtual image after imaging can be improved, and high-quality imaging can be realized.
To further ensure high quality imaging of the head-up display 10, the wavelength range of blue light can be narrowed, and high-energy short-wave blue light with higher energy in the wavelength range of 420 nm-460 nm is adopted; and/or, visible light in a wavelength range of 520-620 nm is adopted based on the wavelength critical values of green light and red light.
Illustratively, the wavelength ranges of 410 to 480nm and 510 to 650nm are wide, and the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to light rays (first light rays) in the wavelength ranges of 410 to 480nm and 510 to 650nm may be set to be more than 50%; the wavelength range of 420-460 nm and/or 520-620 nm is narrower, and the reflectivity of the filter film 1 to the light rays in the wavelength range of 420-460 nm and/or 520-620 nm can be set to be more than 80%, so that the high reflection of the light rays in the wavelength range can be realized, and the imaging quality can be improved.
The wavelength range of the second preset wavelength band is other wavelength ranges than the wavelength range of the first preset wavelength band in the range of 0-1900 nm, so that the filter film 1 can cut off (such as transmit or absorb) as much external light as possible, and prevent the image source 110 from generating a screen burning phenomenon, for example, blocking light except for the ranges of 0-410 nm and 480-1900 nm. It is understood that the light within the second preset wavelength range may include any type of light within the second preset wavelength range, such as visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light.
In some embodiments, the filter 1 is a three-way filter with three passbands corresponding to three primary colors of red, green and blue (R, G, B), and the first light with the first wavelength characteristic is light in three spectral ranges of red, green and blue.
For example, the filter film 1 may be a three-way filter film with three primary colors of RGB, which corresponds to the backlight spectrum of the head-up display 10 and the spectrum of the image light of the image source 110, so that the three primary colors of light favorable for imaging are reflected by the filter film 1 with higher reflectivity, and the light in other wavelength ranges has high transmission or high absorptivity and cannot be reflected by the filter film 1, so that the display brightness and definition of the virtual image frame 30 after imaging and imaging of the head-up display 10 are not affected, and the light incident to the image source 110 after the external sunlight is reflected by the filter film 1 can be reduced, thereby realizing the purpose of preventing screen burn. In addition, the tee joint filter film is convenient to process and low in cost.
In some embodiments, the wavelength range of the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is determined according to the wavelength range of the image light emitted from the image source 110 corresponding to the curved mirror 2.
That is, the first preset wavelength band is selected and determined according to the requirement of the image source 110, for example, the image light emitted by the image source 110 may be RGB three-color light, and the RGB three-color light may be reflected to the windshield 20 with a high reflectivity by matching with the three-way filter film, so that the virtual images with rich colors may be formed by using the red, green and blue three-primary color light. Meanwhile, the wavelength range of the first light is determined according to the wavelength range of the image light emitted by the image source, so that specific optical effects, such as light reflection reduction, contrast improvement and the like, can be realized, and imaging quality is improved. For example, the first preset wavelength band is the same as the wavelength range of the image light emitted from the image source 110.
The reflectivity of the filter film 1 may also be determined according to the image source 110, for example, when the intensity of the image light emitted by the image source 110 is large, the reflectivity may be set small (at least 50%); and when the intensity of the image light is small, the reflectance is set to be large so that the entire image light is reflected by the filter film 1 as much as possible.
In some embodiments, the filter film 1 is a selective wavelength reflective transmissive film or a selective wavelength reflective absorptive film.
It should be understood here that the selective wavelength reflective transmissive film may reflect the first light and transmit the second light, and the selective wavelength reflective absorptive film may reflect the first light and absorb the second light.
When the filter film 1 is a selective wavelength reflective transmission film, the first light with the first wavelength characteristic can be reflected at the filter film 1 with a higher reflectivity (at least 50%), and the second light with the second wavelength characteristic can be transmitted through the filter film 1 with a higher transmissivity, so that the second light can not be reflected to the image source 110 through the filter film 1, and the intensity of the external light entering the image source 110 is greatly reduced while the first light is used for imaging. For example, only the light having the same wavelength as the first light of the external light may be reflected by the filter film 1 and then incident on the image source 110.
When the filter film 1 is a selective wavelength reflection absorption film, the first light with the first wavelength characteristic can be reflected at the filter film 1 with high reflectivity (at least 50%), and the second light with the second wavelength characteristic can be absorbed with high absorptivity, so that the intensity of the external light entering the image source 110 is greatly reduced while the first light is used for imaging.
In some embodiments, the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is a light having S-polarization characteristic or P-polarization characteristic, or the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is a linearly polarized light or a circularly polarized light.
When light is incident on the surface of the filter film 1 at a non-perpendicular angle, both reflection and transmission characteristics depend on polarization. Therefore, to secure the light transmission performance of the filter film 1, the first light may be set as a light having polarization characteristics. Wherein the polarization direction of the light rays (S polarized light) with S polarization characteristics is perpendicular to the plane formed by the incident, reflected and refracted light and the normal; whereas the polarization direction of light rays with P-polarization properties (P-polarized light) is in the plane consisting of incident, reflected, refracted light and normal. Linearly polarized light means that the vibration directions of the light rays are all in the same plane; circularly polarized light refers to light in which the magnitude of the light vector is unchanged and the vibration direction is changed with the phase. For example, the LCD image source may emit linearly polarized light in a specific polarization direction, and the DLP image source, the diffuser, and the backlight module may all emit light in a specific polarization direction.
In a specific implementation, the image source 110 may be controlled to emit light with a specific polarization characteristic, so that the first light with the specific polarization characteristic may be reflected by the filter film 1 with a high reflectivity. For example, if the image source 110 emits P polarized light, the filter film 1 reflects the P polarized light with a high reflectivity; the image source 110 emits S-polarized light, and the filter film 1 reflects the S-polarized light with a high reflectance.
Preferably, the image source 110 emits P-polarized light or S-polarized light in a specific wavelength band, for example, the P-polarized light in the specific wavelength band may be the first light, and the filter film 1 may reflect the P-polarized light in the specific wavelength band with a higher reflectivity, and transmit or absorb the P-polarized light in other wavelength bands and the S-polarized light in all wavelength bands with a higher transmissivity or absorptivity. I.e. the second light may comprise light in the same wavelength band as the first light but with different polarization properties. Thereby, the range of the first light is further limited, and more of the external sunlight is transmitted or absorbed by the filter film 1, so that the intensity of the external sunlight irradiated to the image source 110 is further reduced.
For example, the image light emitted by the image source 110 may be linearly polarized light of three colors of RGB, i.e., where the first wavelength characteristic of the first light includes three bands, and the light of each band is linearly polarized light of the first polarization direction; the second light having the second wavelength characteristic may be all the light having other characteristics than the light having the first wavelength characteristic in the linearly polarized light of the first polarization direction, that is, the filter film 1 absorbs or transmits all the other light except the RGB three bands of the linearly polarized light of the first polarization direction in the external light.
The image source 110 may emit any light in a specific wavelength band, and the filter film 1 may be a selective polarization reflection transmission film or a polarization reflection absorption film. For example, when the image source 100 emits any light of a specific wavelength band, the first light is P-polarized light of the specific wavelength band, and the filter film 1 can reflect the P-polarized light of the specific wavelength band with a higher reflectivity, and transmit or absorb the P-polarized light of other wavelength bands and S-polarized light of all wavelength bands with a higher transmissivity or absorptivity, so as to avoid that the P-polarized light of other wavelength bands and the S-polarized light of all wavelength ranges are reflected by the filter film 1 and then are incident on the image source 110.
In some embodiments, the filter film 1 is a plating film. Coating is a technique of coating one or more dielectric or metal films on an optical element or substrate to alter the transmission behavior of light waves in the material. This technique enables the tuning of various properties of light, including transmission, reflection, absorption, scattering, polarization and phase of light. By reasonably designing and arranging different film layers, the optical coating can change the propagation mode of light rays with specific wavelengths on the optical element. Refractive index is a measure of the degree of bending of light rays as they propagate through different media. For example, as shown in fig. 3, the filter film 1 includes first refractive index film layers 11 and second refractive index film layers 12 alternately stacked, and the refractive index of the first refractive index film layers 11 is larger than the refractive index of the second refractive index film layers 12. Such different refractive indexes may cause reflection, refraction, interference, etc. of light inside the filter film, thereby realizing that the filter film 1 may selectively reflect, transmit, or absorb light within a specific wavelength range. For example, the filter film 1 may be a dielectric film or a metal film coated on the curved mirror 2, or a combination of both films. The filter film 1 adopts a coating film, is convenient for assembly and fixation of the filter film 1, and can effectively change the transmission characteristics of light transmission, reflection, absorption, scattering, polarization, phase change and the like.
The filter film 1 may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure. In this embodiment, the optical filter 1 has a multilayer structure, and includes a first refractive index film 11 and a second refractive index film 12 that are stacked, where the refractive index of the first refractive index film 11 is greater than that of the second refractive index film 12, that is, the first refractive index film 11 is a high refractive index film, and the second refractive index film 12 is a low refractive index film. The higher quality requirements of the filter film 1 can be met on the basis of realizing functions of reflection enhancement, beam splitting and the like by alternately laminating different refractive index film layers. For example, the equivalent refractive index can be satisfied by the film layers with different refractive indexes, so that the first light in the formed partial filter film 1 is condensed, the imaging quality is improved, and the other partial filter film 1 has a brightness enhancement effect, so that the brightness of the virtual image after imaging is improved.
The first refractive index film layers 11 and the second refractive index film layers 12 may be alternately laminated or may be arranged in groups, for example, a plurality of first refractive index film layers 11 are laminated to form a first film layer group, a plurality of second refractive index film layers 12 are laminated to form a second film layer group, and the first film layer group and the second film layer group are laminated to form the filter film 1. Of course, the plurality of first film layer groups and the plurality of second film layer groups may be alternately stacked.
It will be appreciated that the first refractive index film 11 and the second refractive index film 12 described above have refractive indices different in at least one of the three directions XYZ. When the filter film 1 is manufactured, the film layers with different refractive indexes are selected in advance, and stacked according to a preset sequence, so that the filter film 1 capable of selectively reflecting the first light with the first wavelength characteristic and transmitting or absorbing the second light with the second wavelength characteristic can be formed.
In some embodiments, the refractive index range of the first refractive index film 11 is 1.8-2.6, the refractive index range of the second refractive index film 12 is 1.3-1.8, and the refractive index range of the first refractive index film 11 is matched with the refractive index range of the second refractive index film 12, so that the first light can be reflected with higher light reflectivity, the second light can be transmitted with higher transmittance, and the filter film 1 can be better matched with an air medium, thereby reducing dispersion vibration and achieving better optical performance.
In some embodiments, the first refractive index film 11 is a metal compound film, and the second refractive index film 12 is an inorganic compound film. The filter film 1 may be an optical film made of an inorganic dielectric material or an organic polymer material.
For the film layer of the dielectric material, the component of the film layer may be selected from one or more of tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, aluminum fluoride. For the film layer of the organic high polymer material, the film layer of the organic high polymer material comprises at least two thermoplastic organic polymer film layers; the two thermoplastic polymer film layers are alternately arranged to form an optical film, and the refractive indexes of the two thermoplastic polymer film layers are different. The molecules of the organic polymer material are in a chain structure, and after stretching, the molecules are arranged in a certain direction, so that refractive indexes in different directions are different, namely, a required film can be formed through a specific stretching process. The thermoplastic polymer may be PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and its derivatives having different degrees of polymerization, PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) and its derivatives having different degrees of polymerization, PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) and its derivatives having different degrees of polymerization, and the like, and the present utility model is not particularly limited.
For example, the first refractive index film 11 is titanium pentoxide (TI 3 O 5 ) A film layer, a second refractive index film layer 12 is silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) The combination of the layers can utilize the optical characteristics of different materials, so that the selective reflection, transmission and absorption of the light by the filter film 1 are finer and more effective.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the first refractive index film 11 ranges from 1 to 200nm, and the thickness of the second refractive index film 12 ranges from 1 to 200nm.
Specifically, the thickness of the film layers can affect the interference effect of light between the film layers. For example, the thickness of the first refractive index film layer ranges from 10nm to 120nm, and the thickness of the second refractive index film layer ranges from 10nm to 190nm, so that the phase difference and the amplitude of the light can be changed by utilizing the thickness, thereby realizing interference reinforcement or cancellation of the light with a specific wavelength, and further controlling the transmission characteristic of the light.
In some embodiments, the number of layers of the first refractive index film layer is 10 to 30 and the number of layers of the second refractive index film layer is 10 to 30.
The number of the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer is preferably the same, for example, 20 layers, so that the cost and the thickness of the optical filter film 1 are prevented from being increased due to the fact that the number of the film layers is too large, and the optical characteristics (such as interference) of the optical filter film 1 are prevented from being influenced due to the fact that the number of the film layers is too small.
The number of layers of the first refractive index film layer 11 and the second refractive index film layer 12 may be different, for example, the film layers located at the two outermost sides may be set to be the first refractive index film layer 11, and at this time, the number of layers of the first refractive index film layer 11 is greater than the number of layers of the second refractive index film layer 12, so that when the image light of the image source 110 and the external light emitted by the sunlight are incident on the filter film 1, the external light is incident on the first refractive index film layer 11.
In some embodiments, the filter film 1 further includes a smoothing layer disposed on at least one side of a film layer group formed by the first refractive index film layer 11 and the second refractive index film layer 12.
Specifically, a smoothing layer is provided on the outermost side of the filter film 1, which can make the spectrum passing through the filter film 1 smoother. This helps to improve the stability of the reflectance and transmittance of the filter film 1, so that the filter film can more accurately control the desired spectral characteristics. Meanwhile, the smooth layer can also prevent the existence of bad factors such as bubbles and impurities which influence the light transmission, so that the definition and the accuracy of the optical device are maintained.
In some embodiments, the curved mirror 2 is made of glass or plastic. The curved mirror 2 is a curved mirror.
Specifically, the glass curved mirror 2 has excellent optical performance and stability, and also has good corrosion resistance, and can stably work for a long time in various environments. The curved mirror 2 of plastic material may be useful in applications where weight reduction is required, such as in some mobile devices. Second, plastics can be more easily processed into complex curved shapes, which is very useful in some custom designs. The plastic material comprises Polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
In some embodiments, the filter film 1 is coated on a surface of the curved mirror 2 near the image source 110.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the filter film 1 is placed on a side surface of the curved mirror 2 near the image source 110. After the light rays are emitted from the image source 110, the light rays can be selectively reflected by the light filtering film 1 on the curved mirror 2, so that the light filtering effect is realized, and the imaging effect is ensured; meanwhile, before the external light passes through the windshield 20 and enters the curved mirror 2, the second light with the second wavelength characteristic is transmitted or absorbed by the filter film 1, so that the second light is prevented from entering the image source 110 after being reflected by the curved mirror 2, the external light entering the image source 110 is effectively reduced, and the screen burning phenomenon is avoided.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a second embodiment of the present utility model provides a magnifying reflective element 120 including a curved mirror 2 and a filter film 1 described in the above-described embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
The magnifying reflective element 120 is preferably a curved mirror 2, the curved mirror 2 being a free-form, spherical, hyperbolic or parabolic mirror.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a third embodiment of the present utility model provides a head-up display 10 including:
the head-up display comprises a head-up display body, wherein the head-up display body comprises an image source 110, and the image source 110 is used for emitting image light;
a reflecting device mounted on a windshield 20 of the vehicle or at a position near the windshield 20;
the magnifying reflective element 120 is installed on the optical path between the image source 110 and the reflecting means, and the magnifying reflective element 120 is the magnifying reflective element 120 described in embodiment 2.
Specifically, the head-up display body is mounted with an image source 110, and the image source 110 includes a liquid crystal screen or other devices capable of generating light. The image light emitted from the image source 110 is reflected by the magnifying reflective element 120 and then incident on the reflective device, and the reflective device enables the image light emitted from the image source 110 to be projected in a specific angle within the line of sight of the driver, so that the driver can see the information in front of the line of sight of the driver without removing the line of sight from the road.
The amplifying reflection element 120 is installed on the light path between the image source 110 and the reflection device, and can effectively amplify and reflect the image light, so that subsequent imaging is facilitated, and meanwhile, the filter film 1 installed on the amplifying reflection element 120 can prevent the image source 110 from being burnt out due to the excessively strong external light while improving the imaging quality, so that the normal operation of the image source 110 is ensured, and the service life of the image source 110 is prolonged.
In some embodiments, the image light emitted by the image source 110 is a first light having a first polarization characteristic and having a first wavelength characteristic, and the amplifying and reflecting element 120 is capable of selectively reflecting the first light and transmitting or absorbing a second light, wherein the second light is other light than the light having the first polarization characteristic and having the first wavelength characteristic.
For example, after the image source 110 emits the first light, the filter film 1 in the amplifying and reflecting element 120 can reflect the first light with a higher reflectivity, so that the first light is incident on a windshield of a vehicle or a reflecting device installed at a position close to the windshield, thereby realizing high-quality imaging; at this time, the external light is incident to the magnifying reflection element 120 through the windshield 20, and the filter film 1 in the magnifying reflection element 120 can transmit or absorb the second light, so as to reduce the external light incident to the image source 110 after being reflected by the filter film 1, and avoid burning the image source 110 due to the excessively strong external light.
Example 4
A fourth embodiment of the present utility model provides a vehicle, including the above head-up display. The vehicle can be any one of an automobile, a truck, a pick-up card, a train, an airplane and the like.
It should be noted that, the vehicle corresponds to the head-up display of the above embodiment, the head-up display 10 corresponds to the magnifying reflective element 120 of the above embodiment, the magnifying reflective element 120 corresponds to the filter film 1 of the above embodiment, and any optional item in the embodiment of the filter film 1 is also applicable to the magnifying reflective element 120, the head-up display 10 and the embodiment of the vehicle, which are not described herein.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure referred to in the present utility model is not limited to the specific combinations of technical features described above, but also covers other technical features formed by any combination of the technical features described above or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. Such as the above-mentioned features and the technical features disclosed in the present utility model (but not limited to) having similar functions are replaced with each other.
Moreover, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.
Claims (15)
1. The utility model provides a filter film, its characterized in that, the filter film locates the surface of curved mirror, the filter film is the coating film, the filter film includes the first refractive index rete and the second refractive index rete of alternate stack setting, the refractive index of first refractive index rete is greater than the refractive index of second refractive index rete, the filter film can selectively reflect the first light that has first wavelength characteristic and can transmit or absorb the second light that has second wavelength characteristic, wherein, the filter film is greater than or equal to 50% to the reflectivity of first light.
2. The filter film of claim 1, wherein the first wavelength characteristic is a first predetermined wavelength band, the reflectivity of the filter film to light in the first predetermined wavelength band is greater than or equal to 80%, the second wavelength characteristic is a second predetermined wavelength band, and the reflectivity of the filter film to light in the second predetermined wavelength band is greater than or equal to 20%.
3. The filter film according to claim 2, wherein the wavelength range of the first preset wavelength band is 410 to 480nm and 510 to 650nm, or the wavelength range of the first preset wavelength band is 420 to 460nm and 520 to 620nm; the wavelength range of the second preset wave band is other wavelength ranges than the wavelength range of the first preset wave band in the range of 0-1900 nm.
4. The filter of claim 1, wherein the filter is a three-way filter having three passbands corresponding to three primary colors of red, green, and blue, respectively, and the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is light in the three spectral ranges of red, green, and blue.
5. The filter film according to claim 1, wherein the filter film is a selective wavelength reflection transmission film or a selective wavelength reflection absorption film.
6. The filter film of any of claims 1-4, wherein the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is a light having S-polarization or P-polarization.
7. The filter film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a wavelength range of the first light having the first wavelength characteristic is determined based on a wavelength range of the image light emitted from the image source corresponding to the curved mirror.
8. The film according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the first refractive index film layer ranges from 1.8 to 2.6, and the refractive index of the second refractive index film layer ranges from 1.3 to 1.8; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the first refractive index film layer is a metal compound film layer, and the second refractive index film layer is an inorganic compound film layer; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the thickness range of the first refractive index film layer is 1-200 nm, and the thickness range of the second refractive index film layer is 1-200 nm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the number of layers of the first refractive index film layer is 10-30, and the number of layers of the second refractive index film layer is 10-30.
9. The filter film of claim 1, further comprising a smoothing layer disposed on at least one side of a film layer set formed by the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer.
10. The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the curved mirror is made of glass or plastic.
11. The filter of claim 7, wherein the filter is coated on a surface of the curved mirror near the image source.
12. A magnifying reflective element comprising a curved mirror and a filter film according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. A head-up display, comprising:
the head-up display comprises a head-up display body, wherein the head-up display body comprises an image source, and the image source is used for emitting image light;
a reflecting device mounted on a windshield of the vehicle or at a position near the windshield;
an magnifying reflective element mounted on an optical path between the image source and the reflective device, the magnifying reflective element being as claimed in claim 12.
14. The head-up display of claim 13, wherein the image light from the image source is a first light having a first polarization characteristic and having a first wavelength characteristic, and the magnifying reflective element is capable of selectively reflecting the first light and transmitting or absorbing a second light, wherein the second light is other light than the light having the first polarization characteristic and having the first wavelength characteristic.
15. A vehicle comprising the heads-up display of claim 13 or 14.
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| CN202322351664.XU CN220752336U (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Filter film, amplifying reflection element, head-up display and vehicle |
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| CN202322351664.XU CN220752336U (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Filter film, amplifying reflection element, head-up display and vehicle |
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