CN220728290U - Combustion chamber head device and combustion chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gas turbines, in particular to a combustion chamber head device and a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber head device comprises a flame tube assembly, the flame tube assembly comprises a central-stage cyclone and a main-stage cyclone which are coaxially arranged, the central-stage cyclone comprises a plurality of central-stage air channels, the plurality of central-stage air channels are uniformly distributed in the central-stage cyclone around the axial circumference of the central-stage cyclone, the main-stage cyclone comprises a plurality of main-stage air channels, the plurality of main-stage air channels are uniformly distributed in the main-stage cyclone around the axial circumference of the main-stage cyclone, the extending direction of the central-stage air channels is arranged at an included angle with the axial direction of the central-stage cyclone, and the extending direction of the main-stage air channels is arranged at an included angle with the axial direction of the main-stage cyclone; gaps exist between the plurality of center stage air passages and the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds, and gaps exist between the plurality of main stage air passages and the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds. The combustion chamber head device in the application can avoid the problem of tempering.

Description

Combustion chamber head device and combustion chamber

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of gas turbines, in particular to a combustion chamber head device and a combustion chamber.

Background

The gas turbine is an internal combustion power machine which uses continuously flowing gas as working medium to drive the impeller to rotate at high speed and convert the energy of fuel into useful work, and is a rotary impeller type heat engine.

In the prior art, most combustion chambers of gas turbines are designed for gas hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas, and flames in the combustion chambers are generated by a two-stage cyclone to stabilize the flames, so that when hydrogen is mixed in the fuel, and the hydrogen content in the fuel is 30-40vol%, the problems of backfire, wall overtemperature, worsening of NOx emission and the like are generated. In addition, the cyclone flame of the prior art has a larger volume, and when the proportion of hydrogen in the fuel is increased, the adiabatic flame temperature and flame propagation speed are increased, and the cyclone can generate a large volume of high-temperature flame at the moment, so that high NOx emission is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a combustion chamber head device and a combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber head device can enable flame to be stabilized at the head of the combustion chamber, can reduce NOx emission and can avoid the problem of backfire.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a combustion chamber head assembly. The combustion chamber head apparatus includes: the fuel pipe assembly comprises a central-stage fuel manifold, a plurality of central-stage fuel manifolds, a main-stage fuel collecting box, at least one main-stage fuel manifold and a plurality of main-stage fuel manifolds, wherein the central-stage fuel manifolds are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the axial direction of the central-stage fuel manifold, each central-stage fuel manifold is communicated with the central-stage fuel manifold, the discharge port of the central-stage fuel manifold is the same as the discharge ports of the plurality of central-stage fuel manifolds in the outlet direction, and the at least one main-stage fuel manifold and the plurality of main-stage fuel manifolds are connected to the two sides of the main-stage fuel collecting box; the flame tube assembly comprises a center stage cyclone and a main stage cyclone which are coaxially arranged, the center stage cyclone comprises a plurality of center stage air channels, the plurality of center stage air channels are uniformly distributed in the center stage cyclone around the axial circumference of the center stage cyclone, the main stage cyclone comprises a plurality of main stage air channels, and the plurality of main stage air channels are uniformly distributed in the main stage cyclone around the axial circumference of the main stage cyclone, wherein: the extending direction of the central stage air channel and the axial direction of the central stage cyclone are arranged at an included angle, and the extending direction of the main stage air channel and the axial direction of the main stage cyclone are arranged at an included angle; gaps exist between the plurality of center stage air passages and the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds, and gaps exist between the plurality of main stage air passages and the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds.

In the combustion chamber head device, the extending direction of the central-stage air channel and the axial direction of the central-stage cyclone are arranged at an included angle, and the extending direction of the main-stage air channel and the axial direction of the main-stage cyclone are arranged at an included angle. It is understood that the path of the central stage air channel is disposed at an angle to the axial direction of the central stage cyclone, and the path of the main stage air channel is disposed at an angle to the axial direction of the main stage cyclone, so that the mixed gas ejected from the central stage air channel and the main stage air channel forms a backflow zone, thereby forming stable central stage flame and main stage flame to prevent flashback. In addition, gaps exist between the plurality of center stage air passages and the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds, and gaps exist between the plurality of main stage air passages and the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds. The fuel entering the main stage air passage and the center stage air passage can be premixed, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, and the emission of NOx is reduced.

Optionally, the air inlets of the primary air channels and the air inlets of the central air channels have chamfers.

Optionally, the central stage cyclone further comprises a plurality of central stage cooling holes, the plurality of central stage cooling holes are uniformly distributed in the central stage cyclone around the axial direction of the central stage cyclone, and the central stage cooling holes, the central stage air channels and the main stage air channels are sequentially arranged along the radial direction.

Optionally, the flame tube assembly further comprises a cyclone connector, wherein the cyclone connector is located between the central stage cyclone and the main stage cyclone along the radial direction, the cyclone connector is used for connecting one side of the central stage cyclone away from the fuel tube assembly, and a gap exists between the outer wall of the central stage cyclone and the inner wall of the main stage cyclone; the cyclone connecting piece comprises a plurality of connector cooling holes which are distributed in the cyclone connecting piece around the axial direction of the central stage cyclone.

Optionally, the direction of the primary stage swirler from the central stage swirler to the primary stage swirler is such that a primary stage swirler end distant from the primary stage fuel manifold tapers away from the primary stage fuel manifold.

Optionally, the flame tube assembly further comprises a cylinder body and a flame tube mounting plate, the cylinder body comprises a main body part and a mounting part, the mounting part and the main body part are coaxially arranged, the inner diameter of the mounting part is smaller than that of the main body part, and the mounting part is used for being matched with the outer wall of the main-stage cyclone;

the flame tube mounting plate comprises an inlet section and a connecting section, wherein the inlet section comprises a plurality of inlet section cooling holes, the inlet section is used for being connected with the main body part, and the connecting section is used for fixing the flame tube mounting plate.

Optionally, the installation department includes a plurality of flame tube air film cooling hole groups that distribute along the axial, every flame tube air film cooling hole group include around the circumference of installation department a plurality of interval arrangement's flame tube air film cooling hole, wherein:

and the projections of the flame tube air film cooling hole groups and the outer wall of the primary cyclone in the axial direction are not overlapped.

Optionally, the main body portion includes a plurality of air film cooling hole groups and at least one blending hole group, and a plurality of air film cooling hole groups are arranged along the axial, along the circumference direction, a plurality of air film cooling hole groups and at least one blending hole group distribute in the both ends of main body portion, and a plurality of air film cooling hole groups be close to the one end of center level swirler and main level swirler.

Optionally, the combustion chamber head device comprises a casing assembly, wherein the casing assembly comprises a casing, an igniter and a first flange; the fuel line assembly includes a second flange for securing the center stage fuel manifold and at least one of the main stage fuel manifolds, wherein:

the igniter is fixed on the casing, the first flange is connected to one end of the casing, the first flange is fixedly connected with the second flange, and the connecting section is positioned between the first flange and the second flange; the barrel penetrates through the casing, and a gap for gas circulation exists between the barrel, the mounting part and the inner wall of the casing.

In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present utility model further provides a combustion chamber, including a combustion chamber head apparatus as in any of the aspects of the first aspect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combustion chamber head assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a fuel tube assembly of a combustor head assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a combustion chamber head assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a combustion chamber head assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a central stage swirler and a main stage fuel manifold of a combustor head assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a main stage swirler and a main stage fuel manifold of a combustor head assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Icon: a 10-fuel tube assembly; 11-a center stage fuel header; 12-a center stage fuel manifold; 13-a primary fuel collection cartridge; 14-a main stage fuel manifold; 15-a primary fuel manifold; 16-a second flange; 20-a central stage cyclone; 21-a center stage air passage; 22-center stage cooling holes; 30-primary cyclone; 31-primary air channel; 40-swirler connection; 41-connector cooling holes; 50-a cylinder; 51-a main body; 52-an installation part; 510-film cooling holes; 511-a mixing well; 520-flame tube air film cooling holes; 60-a flame tube mounting plate; 61-an inlet section; 610-inlet section cooling holes; 62-connecting segments; 70-a casing assembly; 71-case; 72-igniter; 73-first flange.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a combustion chamber head apparatus, which includes a fuel pipe assembly 10, the fuel pipe assembly 10 including a central stage fuel manifold 11, a plurality of central stage fuel manifolds 12, a main stage fuel collection cartridge 13, at least one main stage fuel manifold 14, and a plurality of main stage fuel manifolds 15, the plurality of central stage fuel manifolds 12 being uniformly connected to the central stage fuel manifold 11 along the circumferential direction of the axial direction of the central stage fuel manifold 11, and the discharge ports of the central stage fuel manifold 11 being in the same direction as the discharge ports of the plurality of central stage fuel manifolds 12, the at least one main stage fuel manifold 14 and the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds 15 being connected to both sides of the main stage fuel collection cartridge 13; the flame tube assembly, the flame tube assembly includes the central level swirler 20 and the main level swirler 30 of coaxial setting, the central level swirler 20 includes a plurality of central level air channel 21, a plurality of central level air channel 21 around central level swirler 20 axial circumference evenly distributed in central level swirler 20, main level swirler 30 includes a plurality of main level air channel 31, a plurality of main level air channel 31 around main level swirler 30 axial circumference evenly distributed in main level swirler 30, wherein: the extending direction of the central stage air channel 21 and the axial direction of the central stage cyclone 20 form an included angle, and the extending direction of the main stage air channel 31 and the axial direction of the main stage cyclone 30 form an included angle; gaps exist between the plurality of center stage air passages 21 and the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds 12, and gaps exist between the plurality of main stage air passages 31 and the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds 15.

In this embodiment, the main stage fuel collection cartridge 13 is an annular rotor. The plurality of center stage fuel manifolds 12 are bent, and specifically, the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds 12 may be bent at 90 degrees, and the jet direction of the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds 12 corresponds to the inlet of the plurality of center stage air passages 21.

Fuel is injected into the plurality of center stage air passages 21 through the center stage fuel manifold 11 and the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds 12 in communication with the center stage fuel manifold 11, fuel also enters the main stage fuel collection cartridge 13 through the main stage fuel manifold 14, and fuel within the main stage fuel collection cartridge 13 is injected into the plurality of main stage air passages 31 through the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds 15 so that fuel enters the center stage air passages 21 and the main stage air passages 31, respectively. In the process of fuel entering the center stage air passage 21 and the main stage air passage 31, gaps exist between the plurality of center stage air passages 21 and the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds 12, and gaps exist between the plurality of main stage air passages 31 and the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds 15, so that the fuel can be premixed with air when entering the center stage air passage 21 and the main stage air passage 31, thereby improving combustion efficiency and reducing NOx emission.

After the mixed gas enters the central stage air channel 21 and the main stage air channel 31, the mixed gas sprayed out from the central stage air channel 21 and the main stage air channel 31 forms a backflow area due to the fact that the flowing path of the mixed gas and the axial direction of the main stage cyclone 30 form an included angle, so that stable central stage flame and main stage flame are formed, and the problem of backfire is prevented.

In the above-described embodiment, the shape of the center stage air passage 21 and the main stage air passage 31 is the same. Specifically, the shape of the center stage air passage 21 and the main stage air passage 31 may be cylindrical, rectangular, triangular, or the like.

In one embodiment, the spacing d1 between the primary fuel manifold 15 and the primary air passage 31 is in the axial direction of the primary swirler 30. In the axial direction of the center stage swirler 20, a spacing d2 between the center stage fuel manifold 12 and the center stage air passage 21. When both d1 and d2 are greater than zero, the larger the values of d1 and d2, the larger the intake amount of air, the distance between d1 and d2 is determined according to the amount of intake air. When d1 and d2 are both smaller than zero, the outer diameter of the main stage fuel manifold 15 is smaller than the inner diameter of the main stage air passage 31, the outer diameter of the center stage fuel manifold 12 is smaller than the inner diameter of the center stage air passage 21, and air can enter the center stage air passage 21 from a circumferential seam between the center stage fuel manifold 12 and the center stage air passage 21 under the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the center stage swirler 20 and the injection effect of the center stage gas manifold, so that the gas and the air are mixed. Air can also enter the primary air passage 31 from the annular seam of the primary fuel manifold 15 and the primary air passage 31 under the action of the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the primary swirler 30 and the high-speed gas injection, so that the gas and the air are mixed.

The air inlets of the main stage air passage 31 and the air inlets of the center stage air passage 21 have chamfers to reduce air intake pressure loss. The center stage fuel manifold 12 injects fuel in the axial direction, air enters the center stage air passage 21 from a gap between the center stage fuel manifold 12 and the center stage air passage 21, and fuel gas and air flow while being mixed in the center stage air passage 21. Similarly, the main stage fuel manifold 15 injects fuel in the axial direction, air enters the main stage air passage 31 from a gap between the main stage fuel manifold 15 and the main stage air passage 31, and fuel gas and air flow while being mixed in the main stage air passage 31. Because the main stage air channel 31 and the central stage air channel 21 are arranged, the included angle between the main stage air channel 31 and the axial direction is +.beta, and the included angle between the central stage air channel 21 and the axial direction is +.alpha, so that the flowing direction of fuel gas and air is changed after entering the main stage air channel 31 and the central stage air channel 21, and then the fuel gas and the air are sprayed out through the main stage air channel 31 and the central stage air channel 21, the main stage air channel 31 and the central stage air channel 21 have angles, and the fuel gas and the air sprayed out through the main stage air channel 31 and the central stage air channel 21 can generate rotational flow to form a backflow area in the cylinder 50, so that stable central stage flame and main stage flame are formed.

In one embodiment, from the center stage swirler 20 toward the main stage swirler 30, the end of the main stage swirler 30 distal from the main stage fuel manifold 15 tapers away from the main stage fuel manifold 15. It will be appreciated that the end of the primary stage swirler 30 remote from the primary stage fuel manifold 15 is tapered, and that the angle of the taper may be adjusted to adjust the flame shape, the flame opening angle and the flame position of the primary stage swirler 30.

In one embodiment, the cartridge assembly includes a swirler connection 40 located between the center stage swirler 20 and the main stage swirler 30 in the radial direction, the swirler connection 40 being configured to connect a side of the center stage swirler 20 remote from the fuel tube assembly 10, and a gap being present between an outer wall of the center stage swirler 20 and an inner wall of the main stage swirler 30 to secure the main stage swirler 30 and the center stage swirler 20 and to integrate the main stage swirler 30, the center stage swirler 20, and the swirler connection 40.

In one embodiment, the flame tube assembly includes a barrel 50 and a flame tube mounting plate 60, the combustion chamber head assembly includes a case assembly 70, the case assembly 70 includes a case 71, an igniter 72, and a first flange 73; the fuel line assembly comprises a second flange 16, the second flange 16 for securing the center stage fuel manifold 11 and the at least one main stage fuel manifold 14, wherein: the igniter 72 is fixed on the casing 71, the first flange 73 is connected to one end of the casing 71, the first flange 73 is fixedly connected with the second flange 16, and one end of the flame tube mounting plate 60 is positioned between the first flange 73 and the second flange 16; the other end of the flame tube mounting plate 60 is inserted into the casing 71. More specifically, the barrel 50 includes a main body 51 and a mounting portion 52, the mounting portion 52 and the main body 51 being coaxially disposed, the mounting portion 52 having an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the main body 51, the mounting portion 52 being adapted to mate with an outer wall of the primary cyclone 30; the burner mounting plate 60 includes an inlet section 61 and a connecting section 62, the inlet section 61 is used for being connected with the main body 51, the inlet section 61 includes a plurality of inlet section cooling holes 610, and the connecting section 62 is used for fixing the burner mounting plate 60. And a gap for gas flow is provided between the cylinder 50, the mounting portion 52 and the inner wall of the casing 71.

In some embodiments, the mounting portion 52 includes a plurality of axially-distributed groups of liner film cooling holes 520, each group of liner film cooling holes 520 including a plurality of spaced apart liner film cooling holes 520 distributed about a circumference of the mounting portion 52, wherein: the plurality of liner film cooling holes 520 do not overlap the projection of the outer wall of the primary swirler 30 in the axial direction.

In some embodiments, the main body portion 51 includes a plurality of film cooling hole 510 groups and at least one blending hole 511 group, the plurality of film cooling hole 510 groups are axially aligned, the plurality of film cooling hole 510 groups and the at least one blending hole 511 group are distributed at both ends of the main body portion 51 in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of film cooling hole 510 groups are near one ends of the center stage swirler 20 and the main stage swirler 30.

In the above embodiment, when the main stage swirler 30 and the center stage swirler 20 form a two-stage lean premixed swirling flame, the wall surface is liable to be overheated. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the front end surface of the center cyclone, between the center stage cyclone 20 and the main stage cyclone 30, and outside the main stage cyclone 30. There is a circumferential gap between the center stage fuel manifold 11 and the center stage swirler 20, and the center stage swirler 20 includes center stage cooling holes 22, and a plurality of center stage cooling holes 22 are uniformly distributed in the center stage swirler 20 around the axial direction of the center stage swirler 20, wherein the center stage cooling holes 22, the center stage air passages 21, and the main stage air passages 31 are arranged in this order in the radial direction. The cooling gas enters from the annular gap between the center stage fuel manifold 11 and the center stage swirler 20, and is sprayed from the plurality of center stage cooling holes 22 toward the main body portion 51 for cooling the front end surface of the center stage swirler 20 to cool the front end surface of the center stage swirler 20. It should be noted that the forward end of the center stage swirler 20 may be understood as the side of the center stage swirler 20 that is remote from the center stage fuel manifold 12.

A gap exists between the outer wall of the center stage cyclone 20 and the inner wall of the main stage cyclone 30; wherein the swirler connection 40 comprises a plurality of connector cooling holes 41, the plurality of connector cooling holes 41 being distributed in the swirler connection 40 around the axial direction of the center stage swirler 20. The cooling gas enters from the gap between the outer wall of the center stage swirler 20 and the inner wall of the main stage swirler 30 and exits through the plurality of connector cooling holes 41.

The plurality of liner film cooling holes 520 are not coincident with the projection of the outer wall of the primary swirler 30 in the axial direction so that the cooling gas can cool the primary swirler 30.

Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present utility model also provide a combustion chamber including a combustion chamber head apparatus as described in any one of the preceding claims.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, it is intended that the present utility model also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. A combustion chamber head assembly, comprising:

the fuel pipe assembly comprises a central level fuel manifold, a plurality of central level fuel manifolds, a main level fuel collecting box, at least one main level fuel manifold and a plurality of main level fuel manifolds, wherein the plurality of central level fuel manifolds are uniformly connected with the central level fuel manifold along the circumferential direction of the axial direction of the central level fuel manifold, the discharge port of the central level fuel manifold is the same as the discharge port of the plurality of central level fuel manifolds in the outlet direction, and the at least one main level fuel manifold and the plurality of main level fuel manifolds are connected to the two sides of the main level fuel collecting box;

the flame tube assembly, the flame tube assembly includes central level swirler and the main level swirler of coaxial setting, the central level swirler includes a plurality of central level air channel, a plurality of central level air channel around central level swirler axial circumference evenly distributed in the central level swirler, the main level swirler includes a plurality of main level air channel, a plurality of main level air channel around main level swirler axial circumference evenly distributed in the main level swirler, wherein: the extending direction of the central stage air channel and the axial direction of the central stage cyclone are arranged at an included angle, and the extending direction of the main stage air channel and the axial direction of the main stage cyclone are arranged at an included angle;

gaps exist between the plurality of center stage air passages and the plurality of center stage fuel manifolds, and gaps exist between the plurality of main stage air passages and the plurality of main stage fuel manifolds.

2. The combustor head assembly of claim 1, wherein the inlet ports of the main stage air passage and the inlet ports of the center stage air passage have chamfers.

3. The combustor head assembly of claim 1, wherein the center stage swirler further comprises a plurality of center stage cooling holes uniformly distributed about an axial direction of the center stage swirler axis in the center stage swirler, wherein the center stage cooling holes, center stage air passages, and main stage air passages are sequentially aligned in a radial direction.

4. The combustor head assembly of claim 3, wherein the flame tube assembly further comprises a swirler connection located between the center stage swirler and the main stage swirler in the radial direction, the swirler connection being for connecting a side of the center stage swirler remote from the fuel tube assembly, and a gap exists between an outer wall of the center stage swirler and an inner wall of the main stage swirler; wherein,

the cyclone connection includes a plurality of connector cooling holes distributed about an axis of the center stage cyclone in the cyclone connection.

5. The combustor head assembly of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an end of said main stage swirler distal from said main stage fuel manifold tapers away from said main stage fuel manifold from said center stage swirler toward said main stage swirler.

6. The combustor head assembly of claim 1, wherein the cartridge assembly further comprises a cartridge body and a cartridge mounting plate, the cartridge body comprising a main body portion and a mounting portion, the mounting portion and the main body portion being coaxially disposed, and the mounting portion having an inner diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the main body portion, the mounting portion for mating with an outer wall of the primary cyclone;

the flame tube mounting plate comprises an inlet section and a connecting section, wherein the inlet section is used for being connected with the main body part, the inlet section comprises a plurality of inlet section cooling holes, and the connecting section is used for fixing the flame tube mounting plate.

7. The combustor head assembly of claim 6, wherein the mounting portion includes a plurality of axially distributed groups of liner film cooling holes, each of the groups of liner film cooling holes including a plurality of spaced apart liner film cooling holes distributed about a circumference of the mounting portion, wherein:

and the projections of the flame tube air film cooling hole groups and the outer wall of the primary cyclone in the axial direction are not overlapped.

8. The combustor head assembly of claim 6, wherein the body portion includes a plurality of film cooling hole sets and at least one dilution hole set, the plurality of film cooling hole sets are axially aligned, the plurality of film cooling hole sets and the at least one dilution hole set are circumferentially distributed at both ends of the body portion, and the plurality of film cooling hole sets are proximate to one end of the center stage swirler and the main stage swirler.

9. The combustion chamber head apparatus of claim 6, wherein the combustion chamber head apparatus comprises a case assembly comprising a case, an igniter, and a first flange; the fuel line assembly includes a second flange for securing the center stage fuel manifold and at least one of the main stage fuel manifolds, wherein:

the igniter is fixed on the casing, the first flange is connected to one end of the casing, the first flange is fixedly connected with the second flange, and the connecting section is positioned between the first flange and the second flange; the barrel penetrates through the casing, and a gap for gas circulation exists between the barrel, the mounting part and the inner wall of the casing.

10. A combustion chamber, comprising a combustion chamber head assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.