CN220165449U - Cable conveyor capable of preventing cable damage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cable conveyor capable of preventing cable damage, which is provided with a first seat body and a second seat body with adjustable distance; a first driving rotating shaft and a first driven rotating shaft are rotatably arranged on the first seat body; a second driving rotating shaft and a second driven rotating shaft are arranged on the second seat body; tensioning a first chain on the chain wheels of the first driving rotating shaft and the first driven rotating shaft, and tensioning a second chain on the chain wheels of the second driving rotating shaft and the second driven rotating shaft; a first crawler belt is fixed on the outer side of the first chain, a second crawler belt is fixed on the outer side of the second chain, and a cable channel for conveying cables is formed between the first crawler belt and the second crawler belt; a driving device is arranged on the second driving rotating shaft; and the second driving rotating shaft is provided with a bendable synchronous rotating device which is used for driving the first driving rotating shaft and the second driving rotating shaft to synchronously and reversely rotate. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, energy conservation, cable protection from damage, cable service life extension and the like.

Description

Cable conveyor capable of preventing cable damage

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a cable conveyor capable of preventing cable damage.

Background

Along with the continuous improvement of the social life level, the scale of the urban power grid is also continuously enlarged, the traditional way of pulling shoulder to resist the laying of cables cannot meet the requirements, and in order to lighten the labor intensity of the laying of the cables, ensure the construction quality and accelerate the construction progress, a cable conveyor applied to various laying scenes is developed at present.

For example, in the Chinese patent entitled "cable turning conveyor" with publication number of CN104261192B, a workbench is provided, two sets of crawler conveying devices are provided on the workbench, a driving mechanism for driving the crawler conveying devices is installed at the bottom of the workbench, each set of crawler conveying devices comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, a conveying chain is tensioned on chain wheels of the driving shaft and the driven shaft, an annular crawler is fixed on the conveying chain, a conveying cable channel is formed between the two annular crawlers, the driving mechanism comprises two sets of driving components, each set of driving component comprises a motor and a speed reducer, the output end of the motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the driving shaft; for example, in the Chinese patent entitled "lower wellhead cable conveyor and cable laying construction method" with publication number of "CN103241586B", the apparatus includes a frame, a screw, two rows of vertical tracks and two motors, the vertical tracks are driven by different motors, and the distance between the two rows of vertical tracks can be adjusted by the screw. At least the following problems exist on these cable conveyors:

1) Two motors are arranged on the cable conveyor, one crawler corresponds to one motor, and the cost is high.

2) The cable conveyor conveys the cable, the cable is pushed to move forward by the friction force of the two clamped side tracks to the cable, the rotating speeds of the two motors are not identical, the moving speeds of the two side tracks are inconsistent, and the cable outer insulating layer is often damaged by the tracks, so that the service life of the cable is influenced.

3) Two tracks on the cable conveyor are horizontally arranged, so that the whole width of the cable conveyor is wider, when special application occasions, such as three cables are laid at one time, the middle cable is problematic, the middle cable needs to be replaced, and the middle cable can not be replaced in the middle of two cables on two sides because the cable conveyor is wider, at the moment, the middle cable must be lifted up, and the cable conveyor can be used for replacement, so that the construction difficulty is increased, and the construction progress is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the utility model provides a cable conveyor capable of preventing cable damage, which mainly solves the technical problems that the cable conveyor in the prior art is high in cost caused by the arrangement of two motors, and the cable outer insulating layer is damaged due to inconsistent movement speeds of two caterpillar tracks caused by the two motors, so that the service life of the cable is influenced.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

a cable conveyer capable of preventing cable damage comprises a bracket and a first seat body and a second seat body which are arranged side by side; a distance adjusting screw rod is rotatably arranged on the bracket; the distance adjusting screw rod can movably penetrate through the first seat body and the second seat body, is in threaded connection with the first seat body and is used for adjusting the distance between the first seat body and the second seat body under the action of threads; the left side and the right side of the first seat body are respectively provided with a first driven rotating shaft and a first driving rotating shaft in a rotating way; the left side and the right side of the second seat body are respectively provided with a second driven rotating shaft and a second driving rotating shaft in a rotating way; sprocket wheels are sleeved on the first driving rotating shaft, the first driven rotating shaft, the second driving rotating shaft and the second driven rotating shaft; the chain wheels of the first driving rotating shaft and the first driven rotating shaft are provided with a first chain; the chain wheels of the second driving rotating shaft and the second driven rotating shaft are provided with a second chain; a first crawler belt is sleeved outside the first chain; a second crawler belt is sleeved outside the second chain; a driving device is arranged on one side, away from the second crawler belt, of the second seat body; the driving device is connected with the second driving rotating shaft and drives the second driving rotating shaft to rotate; and the second driving rotating shaft is provided with a bendable synchronous rotating device which is used for driving the first driving rotating shaft and the second driving rotating shaft to synchronously and reversely rotate.

Preferably, positioning guide rods are fixedly arranged on the brackets at the left side and the right side of the distance adjusting screw rod; the positioning guide rod is parallel to the distance adjusting screw rod and can movably penetrate through the first seat body and the second seat body to be fixedly connected.

Optionally, the synchronous rotation device comprises a first toothed plate and a second toothed plate, wherein the end parts of the first toothed plate and the end part of the second toothed plate are hinged together by using a rotating shaft; one end, away from the hinge part, of the first toothed plate is rotatably connected to the first driving rotating shaft; one end of the second toothed plate, which is far away from the hinge part, is rotatably connected to the second driving rotating shaft; a first gear is arranged on the first driving rotating shaft; the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate are hinged to a rotating shaft, and a second gear is arranged on the rotating shaft; a third gear is rotatably arranged on the second toothed plate; a fourth gear is arranged on the second driving rotating shaft; the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear are sequentially meshed together.

Preferably, the first and second gear ratios are consistent with the fourth and third gear ratios.

Preferably, the first driven rotating shaft and the second driven rotating shaft are rotatably provided with traction fixing rods; and one side, far away from the first driven rotating shaft and the second driven rotating shaft, of the traction fixing rod is fixedly connected with the bracket.

Optionally, the driving device comprises a motor arranged on the bracket and a gearbox connected with the motor; the output end of the gearbox is connected with the second driving rotating shaft to drive the second driving rotating shaft to rotate.

The two rows of tracks of the cable conveyor are horizontally arranged, so that the width of the cable conveyor is crossed and wide, the cable conveyor cannot be used in the cable laying occasion with narrow width, and the first track and the second track are vertically arranged to shorten the width; the first seat body is located above the second seat body.

Preferably, cable riding wheels are rotatably arranged on the brackets on the left side and the right side of the second crawler belt; the front and rear side of the cable riding wheel are rotatably provided with a first limiting wheel and a second limiting wheel respectively.

The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

the first seat body and the second seat body with adjustable distances are arranged; a first driving rotating shaft and a first driven rotating shaft are rotatably arranged on the first seat body; a second driving rotating shaft and a second driven rotating shaft are arranged on the second seat body; tensioning a first chain on the chain wheels of the first driving rotating shaft and the first driven rotating shaft, and tensioning a second chain on the chain wheels of the second driving rotating shaft and the second driven rotating shaft; a first crawler belt is fixed on the outer side of the first chain, a second crawler belt is fixed on the outer side of the second chain, and a cable channel for conveying cables is formed between the first crawler belt and the second crawler belt; a driving device is arranged on the second driving rotating shaft; and the second driving rotating shaft is provided with a bendable synchronous rotating device which is used for driving the first driving rotating shaft and the second driving rotating shaft to synchronously and reversely rotate. When the device is used, the cable is clamped between the first crawler belt and the second crawler belt, the driving device drives the second driving rotating shaft to rotate, the second driving rotating shaft is driven by the second chain to rotate, the second crawler belt rotates along with the second chain, the synchronous rotating device on the second driving rotating shaft drives the first driving rotating shaft to rotate reversely with the second driving rotating shaft synchronously, the first driving rotating shaft rotates passively under the driving of the first chain, the first crawler belt rotates along with the first chain and is clamped between the first crawler belt and the second crawler belt, and the cable is moved and conveyed under the reverse movement of the first crawler belt and the second crawler belt.

Therefore, the cable conveyor for preventing cable damage has at least the following advantages:

1) And the driving device is only arranged on the second driving rotating shaft, so that compared with the prior art, the driving device is provided with two groups of driving devices, the cost is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the use cost is saved.

2) The second driving rotating shaft is provided with the bending and stretching synchronous rotating device which is used for driving the first driving rotating shaft and the second driving rotating shaft to synchronously and reversely rotate, so that the damage to the cable insulating layer caused by inconsistent crawler movement speeds due to different motor rotating speeds in the prior art is avoided, the cable is protected, and the service life of the cable is prolonged.

3) The first crawler belt and the second crawler belt are vertically arranged, and the first seat body is positioned above the second seat body, so that the first crawler belt is positioned above the second crawler belt, and the vertical layout greatly shortens the width of the cable conveyor, improves the flexibility of the cable conveyor, is suitable for more occasions, and has wider applicability.

4) The synchronous rotating device comprises a first toothed plate and a second toothed plate which are hinged together, the first toothed plate is rotatably connected to the first driving rotating shaft, the second toothed plate is rotatably connected to the second driving rotating shaft, the flexible structure is simple in structure, the distance between the first seat body and the second seat body can be well adapted, the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate are fixedly arranged at the hinged position, the third toothed plate is rotatably arranged on the second toothed plate, the fourth toothed plate is fixedly arranged on the second driving rotating shaft, the first toothed plate, the second toothed plate, the third toothed plate and the fourth toothed plate are sequentially meshed together, and therefore the synchronous and reverse transmission of the rotation of the second driving rotating shaft to the first driving rotating shaft is realized, the gears are not separated when the distance between the first seat body and the second seat body is adjusted, the structure is simple, and the stability is high.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the prior art and the present utility model, the drawings used in the description of the prior art and the embodiments of the present utility model will be briefly described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary and that other drawings may be derived from the drawings provided without the inventive effort to those skilled in the art.

The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, which is defined by the claims, for example, modifications, variations in proportions, or otherwise, used in the practice of the utility model, which are particularly adapted to specific environments without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cable conveyor for preventing cable damage according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the right rearward structure of FIG. 1 of a cable conveyor of the present utility model for preventing cable damage;

FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a cable conveyor of the present utility model for preventing cable damage;

FIG. 4 is a rear view of a cable conveyor of the present utility model that is resistant to cable damage;

FIG. 5 is an assembled view of a cable conveyor that is resistant to cable damage in accordance with the present utility model;

reference numerals illustrate:

1. a bracket; 2. a first base; 3. a second seat body; 4. a distance adjusting screw rod; 5. a first driving shaft; 6. a first driven rotating shaft; 7. a first track; 8. a second driving shaft; 9. a second driven rotating shaft; 10. a second track; 11. a cable riding wheel; 12. a first limit wheel; 13. the second limiting wheel; 14. positioning a guide rod; 15. a first chain; 16. a second chain; 17. a sprocket; 18. pulling the fixing rod; 19. a motor; 20. a gearbox; 21. a first gear; 22. a second gear; 23. a third gear; 24. a fourth gear; 25. a first toothed plate; 26. a second toothed plate; 27. and (5) sealing plates.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further described in detail by means of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present utility model: unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in this disclosure are intended to distinguish between the referenced objects without a special meaning in terms of technical connotation (e.g., should not be construed as emphasis on the degree of importance or order, etc.). The expressions "comprising", "including", "having", etc. also mean "not limited to" (certain units, components, materials, steps, etc.).

The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. are generally used herein for convenience of visual understanding with reference to the drawings and are not to be construed as absolute limitations on the positional relationship of the actual product. Such changes in the relative positional relationship without departing from the technical idea of the present utility model are also considered as the scope of the present utility model.

The utility model relates to a cable conveyer capable of preventing cable damage, which is shown in figures 1 to 4, and is provided with a bracket 1, a first base body 2 and a second base body 3 which are arranged side by side, wherein a first driven rotating shaft 6 and a first driving rotating shaft 5 are respectively rotatably arranged at the left side and the right side of the first base body 2, the first driven rotating shaft 6, the first driving rotating shaft 5 and the first base body 2 can be connected in a rotating bearing mode, an outer ring of the rotating bearing is fixed on the first base body 2, the first driven rotating shaft 6 and the first driving rotating shaft 5 are fixed in an inner ring of the rotating bearing, a second driven rotating shaft 9 and a second driving rotating shaft 8 are respectively rotatably arranged at the left side and the right side of the second base body 3, the connection of the second driven rotating shaft 9, the second driving rotating shaft 8 and the second base body 3 can also adopt the rotating bearing, the specific mode can refer to the rotating bearing connection mode among the first driven rotating shaft 6, the first driving rotating shaft 5 and the first base body 2, the first driving rotating shaft 5, the first driven rotating shaft 6, the second driving rotating shaft 8 and the second driven rotating shaft 9 are fixedly sleeved with chain wheels 17, a first chain 15 is tensioned on the chain wheels 17 of the first driving rotating shaft 5 and the first driven rotating shaft 6, a second chain 16 is tensioned on the chain wheels 17 of the second driving rotating shaft 8 and the second driven rotating shaft 9, a first crawler belt 7 is fixedly sleeved outside the first chain 15, a second crawler belt 10 is fixedly sleeved outside the second chain 16, a channel for placing cables is formed between the first crawler belt 7 and the second crawler belt 10, after the cables are placed, the first crawler belt 7 and the second crawler belt 10 clamp the cables, a distance adjusting screw rod 4 is rotatably arranged on a bracket 1, the distance adjusting screw rod 4 movably passes through a first seat body 2 and a second seat body 3, threads are arranged on the distance adjusting screw rod 4, the distance adjusting screw rod 4 is in threaded connection with the first seat body 2, the distance adjusting screw rod 4 is rotated, the first seat body 2 and the second seat body 3 are close to or far away from each other under the action of threads, meanwhile, in order to enable the first seat body 2 and the second seat body 3 to be stable and enable the first seat body 2 to move stably under the action of the threads, the fixed positioning guide rods 14 are arranged on the brackets 1 on the left side and the right side of the distance adjusting screw rod 4, the positioning guide rods 14 are parallel to the distance adjusting screw rod 4 and movably penetrate through the first seat body 2 and the second seat body 3 to be fixedly connected, so that when the distance adjusting screw rod 4 rotates, the first seat body 2 can slide on the positioning guide rods 14 under the action of the threads, and positive threads and reverse threads are arranged on the distance adjusting screw rod 4 and are respectively connected with the first seat body 2 and the second seat body 3, so that the distance adjusting efficiency is higher, a driving device is arranged on one side of the second seat body 3 far away from the second crawler 10, the driving device is connected with the second driving rotating shaft 8, the second driving rotating shaft 8 is driven to rotate, and a flexible synchronous rotating device is arranged on the second driving rotating shaft 8 to drive the first driving shaft 5 and the second driving shaft 8 to rotate synchronously (the first rotating seat body and the second driving seat body can rotate synchronously). When the device is used, a preset cable is placed between the first caterpillar band 7 and the second caterpillar band 10, the distance-adjusting screw rod is rotated, the cable is clamped between the first caterpillar band 7 and the second caterpillar band 10, the driving device is started, the driving device drives the second driving rotary shaft 8 to rotate, the second driving rotary shaft 8 is driven by the second chain 16 to rotate passively, the second caterpillar band 10 rotates along with the second chain 16, the synchronous rotating device on the second driving rotary shaft 8 drives the first driving rotary shaft 5 to rotate reversely with the second driving rotary shaft 8 synchronously, the first driving rotary shaft 5 rotates passively under the driving of the first chain 15, the first caterpillar band 7 rotates along with the first chain 15 and is clamped between the first caterpillar band 7 and the second caterpillar band 10, and the cable is conveyed in a moving mode under the reverse motion of the first caterpillar band 7 and the second caterpillar band 10.

Optionally, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an optimal implementation of the synchronous rotation device, specifically: the synchronous rotation device comprises a first toothed plate 25 and a second toothed plate 26, the end parts of the first toothed plate 25 are hinged together through rotating shafts, one end of the first toothed plate 25 far away from the hinge part is rotatably connected to the first driving rotating shaft 5, one end of the second toothed plate 26 far away from the hinge part is rotatably connected to the second driving rotating shaft 8, a first gear 21 is fixedly arranged on the first driving rotating shaft 5, a second gear 22 is fixedly arranged on the hinged rotating shafts of the first toothed plate 25 and the second toothed plate 26, a third gear 23 is rotatably arranged on the second toothed plate 26, a third gear rotating shaft is specifically rotatably arranged on the second toothed plate 26, the third gear 23 is fixedly arranged on the third gear rotating shaft, or the synchronous rotation device is realized in other modes, which is a technology known by a person skilled in the art, and is not described one by one, a fourth gear 24 is fixedly arranged on the second driving rotating shaft 8, and the first gear 21, the second gear 22, the third gear 23 and the fourth gear 24 are sequentially meshed together, so that when the second driving rotating shaft 8 rotates, the fourth gear 24, the third gear 23 and the first rotating shaft 21 rotate in the opposite directions.

Preferably, in order to synchronize the rotation of the first driving shaft 5 and the second driving shaft 8, the transmission ratio of the first gear 21 and the second gear 22 is identical to that of the fourth gear 24 and the third gear 23, and the number of teeth of the first gear 21 and the fourth gear 24 may be designed to be identical, so that the rotation speeds of the first driving shaft 5 and the second driving shaft 8 are identical.

Preferably, in order to maintain the tensioning force of the first chain 15 and the second chain 16, the first driven rotating shaft 6 and the second driven rotating shaft 9 are rotatably provided with a traction fixing rod 18, one side of the traction fixing rod 18 away from the first driven rotating shaft 6 and the second driven rotating shaft 9 is fixedly connected with the bracket 1, and the traction fixing rod 18 starts the supporting and fixing action on the first driven rotating shaft 6 and the second driven rotating shaft 9 so as to maintain the tensioning force of the first chain 15 and the second chain 16.

Optionally, the driving device comprises a motor 19 arranged on the support 1 and a gearbox 20 connected with the motor 19, wherein the output end of the gearbox 20 is connected with the second driving rotating shaft 8 to drive the second driving rotating shaft 8 to rotate.

In special application occasions, for example, when three cables are laid at a time, the middle cable is problematic and needs to be replaced, but in the current cable conveyor, because the two groups of tracks are horizontally arranged, the cable conveyor is wider and cannot be placed between the two cables at two sides to replace the middle cable, and at the moment, the middle cable needs to be lifted up to be replaced, so that the construction difficulty is increased.

Preferably, for the above vertical layout, in order to smoothly guide the cable into and out of the space between the first track 7 and the second track 10, the brackets 1 on the left side and the right side of the second track 10 are rotatably provided with cable supporting wheels 11, the cable supporting wheels 11 are horizontally arranged, the cable is placed on the cable supporting wheels, the brackets 1 on the front side and the rear side of the cable supporting wheels 11 are rotatably provided with a first limiting wheel 12 and a second limiting wheel 13 respectively, the first limiting wheel 12 and the second limiting wheel 13 are vertically arranged, and the front and the rear of the cable are limited to prevent the cable from falling off from the space between the first track 7 and the second track 10.

In practice, a closing plate 27 is also provided, as shown in fig. 5, to increase the safety of the cable conveyor of the present utility model.

The utility model has been described above with particularity and detail in connection with general description and specific embodiments. It should be understood that numerous conventional modifications and further innovations may be made to these specific embodiments, based on the technical concepts of the present utility model; but these conventional modifications and further innovations may also fall within the scope of the claims of the present utility model as long as they do not depart from the technical spirit of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. A cable conveyer capable of preventing cable damage comprises a bracket (1) and a first seat body (2) and a second seat body (3) which are arranged side by side; a distance adjusting screw rod (4) is rotatably arranged on the bracket (1); the distance adjusting screw rod (4) can movably penetrate through the first seat body (2) and the second seat body (3) and is in threaded connection with the first seat body (2) and is used for adjusting the distance between the first seat body (2) and the second seat body (3) under the action of threads; the left side and the right side of the first seat body (2) are respectively provided with a first driven rotating shaft (6) and a first driving rotating shaft (5) in a rotatable manner; the left side and the right side of the second seat body (3) are respectively provided with a second driven rotating shaft (9) and a second driving rotating shaft (8) in a rotatable manner; sprocket wheels (17) are sleeved on the first driving rotating shaft (5), the first driven rotating shaft (6), the second driving rotating shaft (8) and the second driven rotating shaft (9); a first chain (15) is arranged on the sprocket (17) of the first driving rotating shaft (5) and the first driven rotating shaft (6); a second chain (16) is arranged on the chain wheel (17) of the second driving rotating shaft (8) and the second driven rotating shaft (9); a first crawler belt (7) is sleeved outside the first chain (15); the second crawler belt (10) is sleeved outside the second chain (16), and the driving device is arranged on one side, far away from the second crawler belt (10), of the second seat body (3); the driving device is connected with the second driving rotating shaft (8) and drives the second driving rotating shaft (8) to rotate; the second driving rotating shaft (8) is provided with a bendable synchronous rotating device which is used for driving the first driving rotating shaft (5) and the second driving rotating shaft (8) to synchronously and reversely rotate.

2. The cable conveyor for preventing cable damage according to claim 1, wherein positioning guide rods (14) are fixedly arranged on the brackets (1) on the left side and the right side of the distance adjusting screw rod (4); the positioning guide rod (14) is parallel to the distance adjusting screw rod (4) and can movably penetrate through the first seat body (2) and the second seat body (3) to be fixedly connected.

3. A cable conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that the synchronous rotation means comprise a first toothed plate (25) and a second toothed plate (26) hinged together at their ends using a rotation shaft; one end of the first toothed plate (25) far away from the hinge part is rotatably connected to the first driving rotating shaft (5); one end of the second toothed plate (26) far away from the hinge part is rotatably connected to the second driving rotating shaft (8); a first gear (21) is arranged on the first driving rotating shaft (5); the first toothed plate (25) and the second toothed plate (26) are hinged on a rotating shaft, and a second gear (22) is arranged on the rotating shaft; a third gear (23) is rotatably arranged on the second toothed plate (26); a fourth gear (24) is arranged on the second driving rotating shaft (8); the first gear (21), the second gear (22), the third gear (23) and the fourth gear (24) are meshed together in sequence.

4. A cable conveyor according to claim 3, characterized in that the transmission ratio of the first gear (21) and the second gear (22) corresponds to the transmission ratio of the fourth gear (24) and the third gear (23).

5. The cable conveyor for preventing cable damage according to claim 1, wherein the first driven rotating shaft (6) and the second driven rotating shaft (9) are rotatably provided with traction fixing rods (18); one side of the traction fixing rod (18), which is far away from the first driven rotating shaft (6) and the second driven rotating shaft (9), is fixedly connected with the bracket (1).

6. A cable conveyor against cable damage according to claim 1, wherein the drive means comprise a motor (19) arranged on the support (1) and a gearbox (20) connected to the motor (19); the output end of the gearbox (20) is connected with the second driving rotating shaft (8) to drive the second driving rotating shaft (8) to rotate.

7. A cable conveyor protected against cable damage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first (7) and second (10) tracks are arranged vertically; the first seat body (2) is positioned above the second seat body (3).

8. A cable conveyor for protecting against cable damage according to claim 7, wherein; the cable riding wheels (11) are rotatably arranged on the brackets (1) at the left side and the right side of the second crawler belt (10); the cable riding wheel (11) is characterized in that a first limiting wheel (12) and a second limiting wheel (13) are rotatably arranged on the bracket (1) at the front side and the rear side of the cable riding wheel (11) respectively.