CN220063721U - Polar region low temperature steel frictional wear experiment platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a polar region low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform, which comprises the following components: the equipment support frame is of a frame structure and comprises a first support plate which divides the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top; the circulating cooling system is used for generating a low-temperature experimental environment; the eddy magnetic field receiving and transmitting system is used for generating an excitation signal and detecting to obtain a corresponding magnetic field signal; the loading working system is used for clamping an experimental steel sample, applying experimental pressure to the experimental steel sample, controlling the motion mode of the experimental steel sample and realizing a friction test on the eddy current magnetic field receiving and dispatching system; and the signal processing system is connected with the eddy magnetic field receiving and transmitting system and is used for sending out pulse square waves for generating the excitation signals, receiving the magnetic field signals and generating friction and wear curves of experimental steel samples based on the magnetic field signals, the motion modes and the experimental pressure. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of realizing multi-mode friction test, improving experimental effect and the like.

Description

A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experimental platform

Technical field

The utility model relates to an experimental platform, in particular to a polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experimental platform.

Background technique

In recent years, polar resources have become an important part of the resource development strategy, and the research and conquering of large polar ships has become an urgent task. Among them, low-temperature-resistant materials are an important support for polar development, and the wear resistance of materials at low temperatures is also an indispensable item in various index tests. However, there are few studies on the development of friction platforms for friction and wear testing of low-temperature steel materials in polar environments, and there are also few reports on equipment that can monitor the wear amount of materials in real time.

Existing friction platforms are mainly satisfied with ordinary friction experimental tests, and their experimental functions include the following: vacuum chambers, ultra-low temperature environments, high and low temperature variable temperature environments, small loads and super large loads, and composite experiments of the above functions. Among them, the friction test platforms with special working environments include the following: friction platforms for simulating oral micro-friction experiments, parts friction test platforms for aerospace vacuum environments, and friction platforms for special temperature and humidity working environments.

After searching the Chinese Publication No. CN208443641U (Polar Navigation Ship Materials Low-Temperature Environment Friction and Collision Performance Test Device) disclosed a polar navigation ship material low-temperature environment friction and collision performance test device, including a hull low-temperature environment friction and collision control system, a low-temperature collision test module, a low-temperature Friction loading module, low temperature ice making module, low temperature refrigeration system, polar low temperature environment box. This utility model can simulate the polar environment in the laboratory, produce different types of polar sea ice, and use different modules on the same equipment to carry out polar navigation. The friction and wear performance of ship materials and ice surfaces at low temperatures, the low-temperature loading service performance of materials, and polar Research on the icebreaking performance of sailing ship models provides a platform for testing the friction and wear performance of polar sailing ships' hulls and polar ice, and testing the low-temperature performance of polar operating equipment. The friction and wear properties between layers, the collision test between the ship model and the iceberg, the ice load on the ship model during navigation and the impact force during the collision between the ship model and the iceberg were tested and studied. However, due to the particularity of the polar environment and the complexity of material friction experiments, the existing equipment is inconvenient to operate due to its large size, and the existing friction platform has a single function and cannot accurately control the friction mode, resulting in poor experimental results and the inability to accurately measure the wear amount in real time. and other functions.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experimental platform in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology. It solves the problem that the existing friction platform has a single function, the equipment is large and difficult to operate, and the friction mode cannot be accurately controlled to facilitate experiments. Problems such as poor performance.

The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experimental platform, including:

The equipment support frame is a frame structure and includes a first support plate that divides the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top;

A circulating cooling system, installed on the equipment support frame, is used to generate a low-temperature experimental environment;

An eddy current magnetic field transceiver system is installed on the equipment support frame and used to generate excitation signals and detect and obtain corresponding magnetic field signals;

A loading working system, installed on the equipment support frame, is used to clamp experimental steel samples, apply test pressure to the experimental steel samples, and control the movement mode of the experimental steel samples. On the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system Realize friction test;

A signal processing system, connected to the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system, used to send out pulse square waves that generate the excitation signal, receive the magnetic field signal, and generate friction of the experimental steel sample based on the magnetic field signal, movement mode and test pressure. Wear curve.

Further, the circulating cooling system includes a compressor, a cooler, a pump body, a refrigeration copper pipe, and a water tank for generating friction ice surface. The compressor, cooler and pump body are distributed in the first space, so The water tank is located above the first support plate, and the refrigeration copper pipe is arranged in the water tank.

Further, the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system includes an excitation coil and a magnetic field signal collection probe respectively connected to the signal processing system. The excitation coil is fixed above the first support plate, and the magnetic field signal collection probe is installed on the loading working system.

Further, the loading work system includes a first slide module, a second slide module, a third slide module and a low-temperature friction rotation module. The first slide module is fixed on the top of the equipment support frame, The second slide module is installed on the first slide module and slides along the horizontal working direction. The third slide module is installed vertically on the second slide module and works in the vertical direction. Directional sliding movement, the low-temperature friction rotation module is installed on one end of the third slide module close to the excitation coil, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe and experimental steel sample are installed on the low-temperature friction rotation module.

Further, the low-temperature friction rotation module includes a third support plate, a second support plate, a DC brushless motor and a rotating spindle. An electric pusher for loading test pressure is provided between the second support plate and the third support plate. rod, the second support plate is connected to the third slide module, the DC brushless motor is connected to the third support plate, the rotating spindle is connected to the DC brushless motor, and is located below the third support plate, so A clamping piece for installing experimental steel samples is provided at the end of the rotating spindle, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed below the third support plate and above the clamping piece.

Furthermore, a micro S-shaped tension sensor and a laser range finder are also provided between the second support plate and the third support plate.

Further, a motor insulation piece is provided outside the brushless DC motor.

Further, the clamping member is integrally formed with the rotating spindle, and the clamping member includes a plurality of sample mounting positions.

Further, a probe insulation piece is provided outside the magnetic field signal collection probe.

Further, a thermal insulation structural member is provided around the equipment support frame.

Compared with the existing technology, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. This utility model is equipped with a loading working system, which can adjust the movement mode of the experimental steel sample, realize multi-mode friction test, and improve the experimental effect.

2. This utility model uses an upper and lower equipment support frame to separate the compressor, pump body, and cooler in the circulating cooling system from the low-temperature experimental environment, so that the compressor, pump body, and cooler have good working effects and long service life. It is longer, and the working heat of the compressor and pump body will not affect the low-temperature experimental environment, which makes the friction experimental equipment suitable for low-temperature environments and avoids the installation of motors inside the low-temperature cavity, which affects the normal conduct of low-temperature experiments.

3. The low-temperature friction rotation module of this utility model is equipped with an electric push rod, which can ensure the displacement accuracy and test pressure accuracy of measuring sample wear during the experiment according to the set signal.

4. The low-temperature friction rotating module of this utility model is also equipped with a laser range finder. The laser range finder is located inside the rotating friction platform. The rotating platform has a temperature control device, so that the laser range finder can work normally and be used in experiments. During the process, the displacement accuracy of measuring sample wear is ensured.

5. This utility model is equipped with a small-volume low-temperature friction rotation module, which has a small working range and can use a smaller first support plate to control the overall volume of the equipment.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-temperature steel friction experiment platform of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the low-temperature steel friction experiment platform of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotating friction platform of the present utility model;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating friction platform of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the work flow of the low-temperature steel friction and wear experimental platform of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a working principle diagram of the excitation coil and detection probe of the present utility model;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the ladder-type rotating spindle of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the clamping of metal specimens for friction experiments according to the present invention;

Figure 9 is a frequency diagram of a special example of the excitation coil pulse square wave of the present invention;

Among them: 1. Circulating cooling system, 2. Equipment support frame, 3. Eddy current magnetic field transceiver system, 4. Loading working system, 5. Insulation structural parts, 6. Signal acquisition and processing system, 7. Experimental steel sample;

1-1. Support plate foot, 1-2. Fourth support plate, 1-3. Compressor, 1-4. Cooler, 1-5. Pump body, 1-6. Refrigeration copper pipe;

2-1. Support column footing, 2-2. Second support column, 2-3. First support column, 2-4. Support beam;

3-1. Refrigeration insulation ring, 3-2. Excitation coil, 3-3. Eddy current sensor, 3-4. Sensor insulation parts;

4-1. Low temperature friction rotation module, 4-2. Third slide module, 4-3. First slide module, 4-4. Second slide module;

4-1-1. Second support plate, 4-1-2. Motor insulation, 4-1-3. Brushless DC motor, 4-1-4. Connector, 4-1-5. Electric push rod , 4-1-6. Third support plate, 4-1-7. Angle aluminum, 4-1-8. Slider, 4-1-9. Slide rod, 4-1-10. Support seat, 4- 1-11. Heating module, 4-1-12. Rotating spindle, 4-1-13. Laser range finder, 4-1-14. Spindle bearing, 4-1-15. Micro S-type tension sensor.

Detailed ways

In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present utility model, the specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to fully understand the present utility model. However, the present utility model The new invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inside", "Outside", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axis" ", "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply what is meant. Devices or components must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation and therefore are not to be construed as limitations of the invention.

In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connection, or integration; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements, unless otherwise Clear limits. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is said to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may also be intervening elements present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation manner.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform, including a circulating cooling system 1, an equipment support frame 2, an eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3, a loading work system 4 and a signal acquisition and processing system 6, wherein, The equipment support frame 2 is a frame structure, including a first support plate that divides the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top; the circulating cooling system 1 is installed on the equipment support frame 2 to create a low-temperature experimental environment. ; The eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3 is installed on the equipment support frame 2 and is used to generate excitation signals and detect and obtain the corresponding magnetic field signals; the loading work system 4 is installed on the equipment support frame 2 and is used to clamp experimental steel samples and perform experiments The steel sample 7 applies test pressure and controls the movement mode of the experimental steel sample 7 to implement the friction test on the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3; the signal processing system 6 is connected to the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3 and is used to send out pulse square waves that generate excitation signals. , and receives the magnetic field signal, and generates the friction and wear curve of the experimental steel sample based on the magnetic field signal, motion mode and test pressure.

As shown in Figure 2, the equipment support frame 2 has a column-beam structure, including four columns and a first support plate connected to the four columns. Each column includes a first support column 2-3 and a second support column arranged from top to bottom. Support column 2-2 and support column footing 2-1, where two adjacent first support columns 2-3 are connected with a support beam 2-4 at the top, and the first support plate is connected to the first support column 2- The connection between 3 and the second support column 2-2 separates the overall equipment support frame 2 into a first space and a second space, and the loading work system 4 is fixed on the first support column 2-3 and the support beam 2-4.

As shown in Figure 2, the circulating cooling system 1 is used to complete the establishment of a low-temperature environment, including a compressor 1-3, a cooler 1-4, a pump body 1-5, a refrigeration copper pipe 1-6, and a friction system for generating friction ice surface. The water tank, compressor 1-3, cooler 1-4 and pump body 1-5 are distributed in the first space. The water tank is located above the first support plate, and the refrigeration copper pipes 1-6 are arranged in the water tank. In this embodiment, the water tank is formed on the first support plate by the refrigeration and thermal insulation ring 3-1, and the compressor 1-3, the cooler 1-4 and the pump body 1-5 are distributed and arranged on a fourth support plate 1-2 , the bottom of the fourth support plate 1-2 is also provided with a support plate foot 1-1. In this embodiment, the compressor, pump body and cooler are located outside the refrigeration platform above the first support plate, so that the compressor, pump body and cooler have good working effect and long service life. Among them, the compressor, pump body The working heat will not affect the low-temperature experimental environment, which makes the friction experimental equipment suitable for low-temperature environments and avoids the installation of motors inside the low-temperature chamber, which will affect the normal conduct of low-temperature experiments.

The eddy current magnetic field transceiver system 3 includes an excitation coil 3-2 and a magnetic field signal acquisition probe respectively connected to the signal processing system 6. The excitation coil 3-2 is fixed above the first support plate, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed on the loading work system 4. Referring to Figure 2, in this embodiment, the excitation coil 3-2 and the first support plate form a composite structure.

Specifically, a probe insulation piece is provided outside the magnetic field signal acquisition probe. The probe insulation piece is installed on the loading working system 4 through the probe insulation piece. The probe insulation piece has a through hole for installation and use of the magnetic field signal acquisition probe. In this embodiment, the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is specifically an eddy current sensor 3-3, which is arranged in the sensor insulation part 3-4.

As shown in Figure 2, the loading work system 4 includes a first slide module 4-3, a second slide module 4-4, a third slide module 4-2 and a low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1. One slide module 4-3 is fixed on the top of the equipment support frame 2, the second slide module 4-4 is arranged on the first slide module 4-3, and slides along the horizontal working direction, and the third slide module The table module 4-2 is installed vertically on the second slide module 4-4 and slides along the vertical working direction. The low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1 is installed on the third slide module 4-2 close to the excitation coil. At one end of 3-2, the magnetic field signal acquisition probe and the experimental steel sample 7 are installed on the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1. In a specific implementation, the first slide table module 4-3, the second slide table module 4-4, and the third slide table module 4-2 are all purchased parts of the synchronous belt slide table module, using the stepper The combination of motor and ball screw, the computer controls the movement of the stepper motor to drive the movement of the ball screw. After determining the movement mode of the friction test of the metal specimen, the loading work system 4 clamps the metal specimen, and based on the input specified parameters, controls the movement of the synchronous belt slide module to complete the friction experiment.

In the above-mentioned loading work system 4, there are two first slide module modules 4-3, and both ends of each first slide module 4-3 are respectively fixed to the first support column 2-3 and the support beam 2-4. connection, the motor is installed at the rear of the experimental platform, the slide table moves along the installation direction, and by controlling the movement of the two sets of first slide table modules 4-3, the second slide table module 4-4 is driven along the first slide table module Group 4-3 installation direction movement. Both ends of the second slide module 4-4 are connected to a first slide module 4-3 respectively. The motor is located on the left side of the equipment. The second slide module 4-4 and the third slide module 4-2 Connect, and drive the third slide module 4-2 to move in the specified direction of the second slide module 4-4. The second slide module 4-4 is connected to the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1 through a connector, and the third slide module 4-2 moves in a designated direction to drive the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1, that is, a rotating friction platform Complete the lifting task.

Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1 includes a third support plate 4-1-1, a second support plate 4-1-6, a DC brushless motor 4-1-3 and a rotating spindle 4 -1-12. An electric push rod 4-1-5 for loading test pressure is provided between the second support plate 4-1-6 and the third support plate 4-1-1. The second support plate 4-1- The distance between 6 and the third support plate 4-1-1 can be adjusted according to the experimental requirements. The second support plate 4-1-6 is connected to the third slide module 4-2 through the connector 4-1-4. , the brushless DC motor 4-1-3 is connected to the third support plate 4-1-1, the rotating spindle 4-1-12 is connected to the brushless DC motor 4-1-3, and is located on the third support plate 4-1 -1, the end of the rotating spindle 4-1-12 is provided with a clamp for installing the experimental steel sample 7, and the magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed below the third support plate 4-1-1 and located above the clamp. The clamping piece is integrally formed with the rotating spindle 4-1-12. The clamping piece includes multiple sample installation positions. The rotating spindle 4-1-12 is the rotating platform that drives the experimental steel sample 7 to rotate and move. Multiple sample mounting locations can have different sizes.

Preferably, a micro S-type tension sensor 4-1-15 and a laser range finder 4-1-13 are also provided between the second support plate 4-1-6 and the third support plate 4-1-1. One end of the miniature S-type tension sensor 4-1-15 is set on the third support plate 4-1-1, and the other end is in contact with the inner wall of the second support plate 4-1-6. It is displaced in the specified direction by the silent electric push rod. Use it with a laser rangefinder to accurately measure test pressure. The laser range finder is located at the front end of the third support plate 4-1-1. The displacement of the loading working system is measured by the laser range finder to ensure the displacement accuracy of measuring sample wear during the experiment.

In this embodiment, the electric push rods 4-1-5 are silent electric push rods, the number is two, and they are arranged symmetrically along the center line of the second support plate 4-1-6.

In this embodiment, the rotating main shaft 4-1-12 is processed into a stepped shaft, as shown in Figure 7, to facilitate installation with the magnetic field signal acquisition probe and its thermal insulation parts. The rotating spindle 4-1-12 is provided with a spindle bearing 4-1-14.

In this embodiment, a sliding assembly is connected between the third supporting plate 4-1-1 and the second supporting plate 4-1-6. The sliding assembly includes a sliding block 4-1-8 and a sliding rod 4-1- 9 and the support base 4-1-10, the slider 4-1-8 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 4-1-6 through the angle aluminum 4-1-7, and the support base 4-1-10 is connected to the third support plate 4-1-1 is fixedly connected, one end of the sliding rod 4-1-9 is fixed on the supporting base 4-1-10, and the supporting base 4-1-10 slides on the other end of the sliding rod 4-1-9.

The brushless DC motor 4-1-3 is provided with a motor insulation piece 4-1-2 outside. In this embodiment, the brushless DC motor 4-1-3 is an L-shaped brushless DC motor. The center line of the output shaft of the L-shaped brushless DC motor coincides with the center line of the third support plate, and is connected to the rotating main shaft 4-1- through the gearbox. 12 When used in conjunction with the friction test requirements, the test steel sample can be driven to conduct unidirectional, rotating and compound friction tests to determine the test pressure, rotation speed, and horizontal movement speed.

In other embodiments, a heating module 4-1-11 is also provided between the second support plate 4-1-6 and the third support plate 4-1-1, and a plurality of heating modules 4-1-16 are arranged along an L-shaped Brushless DC motors are symmetrically distributed. Specifically, the heating module 4-1-11 uses a heating resistor to adjust the temperature to 18-25°C according to the temperature change inside the low-temperature friction rotation module 4-1, ensuring that the normal operation of each electronic component is not affected by the external low-temperature environment.

In this embodiment, the signal acquisition and processing system 6 includes a signal modulation circuit, a data acquisition card and a signal generator. The signal generator inputs a pulse square wave to the excitation coil in the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system, and the signal is acquired by the magnetic field signal acquisition probe. Magnetic field signal and output signal. After the output signal is collected by the probe, it is filtered and amplified by the signal modulation circuit, and finally input into the data acquisition card in the computer. Through the computer, the movement mode and test pressure information in the loading working system are processed. The final friction and wear curve is output.

The relevant theoretical calculations for realizing the polar low-temperature friction experiment in this embodiment are as follows:

(1) Use Maxwell's equations as the theoretical basis for analyzing and calculating electromagnetic fields.

Its differential form is as follows:

total current law

Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction

Gauss's law

Gauss's law

In the formula, J is the current density; D is the electric displacement; E is the electric field intensity; ρ is the charge density. At the same time, D=εE; B=μH; J=σE; ε and σ are the dielectric constant and conductivity respectively.

(2) The change in magnetic induction intensity caused by the change in friction and wear amount of the metal specimen per unit time.

When the rotating friction turntable is in the initial state, when a pulse square wave is passed into the excitation coil, a magnetic field that changes with time will be generated around the coil, and its magnetic induction intensity is recorded as M ₁ . According to Lenz's law, when a metal specimen starts to move, the moving surface of the specimen will generate a corresponding induced magnetic field. The magnetic field generated is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field source. The magnetic induction intensity is recorded as J ₁ .

When the surface of the metal specimen begins to wear, J ₁ will be disturbed by the wear amount. The disturbed J ₁ is recorded as J ₂ , and the induced magnetic field M ₁ also changes, recorded as M ₂ .

The numerical value of the magnetic induction intensity change in the induced magnetic field per unit time is processed and input into the computer data storage unit.

Since eddy current detection has the following technical problems: eddy current detection is greatly affected by lift-off factors, and the detection signal is seriously distorted during high-speed inspection; therefore, the utility model ensures that the lift-off distance of the monitoring probe is maintained within the unit time during the detection process. Constant, solves the serious problem of signal distortion during high-speed inspection, and completes data acquisition, processing and image output.

During the friction experiment, the rotating spindle 4-1-12 maintains high-speed rotation, and the signal acquisition probe and the second support plate 4-1-1 remain fixed. During the detection process, it is necessary to ensure that the magnetic field signal acquired by the signal acquisition probe is consistent with the rotation. The metal specimens on the spindle correspond one to one. Therefore, the initial rotating spindle speed is set, and considering the friction test specimens of different sizes, the installation hole diameter is appropriately changed, a slot is machined in the direction corresponding to the rotating spindle mounting slot, and a special shape is machined at the bottom of the rotating spindle. As follows: 1. Processing defects with the same width and different depths, 2. Processing defects with the same depth and different widths, 3. Processing defects into specified shapes. When the signal acquisition probe collects signals, confirm the corresponding acquisition signals of each metal sample according to the defect shape. The initial pulse square wave signal emission frequency is set to a specific frequency, where the pulse square wave signal emission frequency can use specific values according to different experimental samples. The acquisition frequency of the signal acquisition probe matches the pulse square wave, and the rotation speed of the rotating spindle is adjusted at the same time to ensure that the magnetic field signal acquired by the signal acquisition probe corresponds to the metal sample on the rotating spindle during the detection process.

As shown in Figure 5, when conducting experiments using the above-mentioned polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experimental platform, the following steps are included:

(1) Clamp the experimental steel sample 7 on the low-temperature friction rotation module of the loading working system 4, and measure the initial relevant data. There is a clamping piece at the bottom of the low-temperature friction rotation module, which can clamp 1-8 experimental steel samples to be tested according to the experimental requirements. As shown in Figure 8, the clamping piece with the experimental steel sample forms a friction platform.

(2) Set the test pressure, and use a laser rangefinder and a miniature S-type tension sensor to determine the working displacement of the silent push rod, so as to ensure that the experiment reaches the set displacement and test pressure.

When setting the initial experimental pressure, the working displacement of the silent electric push rod is adjusted to determine the distance between the test piece and the friction ice surface of the simulated polar environment experiment, thereby setting the initial position of the magnetic field signal acquisition probe. During the friction experiment, according to the movement form of the silent push rod, the descending displacement of the friction platform is recorded to obtain the movement distance of the signal collection probe. According to the displacement distance of the signal collection probe per unit time, combined with the change of the magnetic field signal per unit time, the computer The output simulated friction and wear curve provides the basis for magnetic field detection data.

(3) Control the circulating refrigeration equipment to complete the refrigeration operation according to the experimental requirements, and add an appropriate amount of additives to the refrigeration water tank to simulate the real effect of the ice layer in the polar environment. Specifically, additives can be selected and added according to the friction test requirements, such as sodium chloride (Nacl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ ), calcium chloride (Cacl ₂ ), potassium chloride (Kcl) and other trace elements.

(4) Determine the frequency and signal of the pulse square wave in the excitation coil, as shown in Figure 9, and test whether the magnetic field sending and receiving work is completed normally to ensure that there is no external interference with the magnetic field device, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the experimental platform.

(5) Drive the first slide module to complete the horizontal friction test, set the reciprocating speed, and conduct the reciprocating friction test.

(6) Stop the movement of the first slide module, control the upward movement of the third slide module, replace the metal specimen, control the downward movement of the third slide module, set the specified test pressure, and start the L-type brushless DC motor , set the rotation speed, and conduct the rotation friction experiment.

(7) Complete the task of replacing the metal specimen by controlling the third slide module again, start the L-type brushless DC motor, start the external horizontal motion device, and set the movement speed of the first slide module and the L-type brushless DC motor. A composite rotational friction experiment was performed, as shown in Figure 6.

(8) Stop the friction test platform and check whether the friction test platform stops moving. If the experimental platform stops moving, remove the metal specimen, end the experiment, organize the data, and output the simulated friction curve.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the equipment support frame 2 is provided with a thermal insulation structural member 5 on its periphery. In this embodiment, the thermal insulation structural member 5 is made of a double-layer alloy material and thermal insulation cotton material to complete the temperature control effect on the entire equipment, so that the cyclic refrigeration meets the friction test requirements of metal specimens. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

Compared with the existing technology, the above-mentioned experimental platform is mainly used for friction and wear experiments of low-temperature materials in polar environments. It solves the problems of the existing friction platform with single function, large equipment and difficulty in operation, inability to accurately control the friction mode, and poor experimental results. Aiming at polar environment research, this utility model provides a certain reference for research on large ships in polar environments.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the existing technology based on the concept of the present utility model should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims. .

Claims (10)

1. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experimental platform, which is characterized by including: The equipment support frame (2) is a frame structure and includes a first support plate that divides the frame structure into a first space and a second space from bottom to top; A circulating cooling system (1) is installed on the equipment support frame (2) and is used to generate a low-temperature experimental environment; The eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3) is installed on the equipment support frame (2) and is used to generate excitation signals and detect and obtain corresponding magnetic field signals; Loading work system (4), installed on the equipment support frame (2), is used to clamp experimental steel samples, apply test pressure to the experimental steel samples (7), and control the experimental steel samples (7) movement mode, and realize friction test on the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3); A signal processing system (6), connected to the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3), used to send out pulse square waves that generate the excitation signal, and receive the magnetic field signal, based on the magnetic field signal, movement mode and test pressure. Generate friction and wear curves for experimental steel samples. 2. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the circulating cooling system (1) includes a compressor (1-3), a cooler (1-4), and a pump body (1-5), refrigeration copper pipes (1-6) and water tanks used to generate friction ice surfaces, the compressor (1-3), cooler (1-4) and pump body (1-5) are distributed In the first space, the water tank is located above the first support plate, and the refrigeration copper pipe (1-6) is installed in the water tank. 3. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the eddy current magnetic field transceiver system (3) includes excitation coils (3-2) respectively connected to the signal processing system (6) and a magnetic field signal collection probe, the excitation coil (3-2) is fixed above the first support plate, and the magnetic field signal collection probe is installed on the loading working system (4). 4. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 3, characterized in that the loading working system (4) includes a first slide module (4-3) and a second slide module (4-4), the third slide module (4-2) and the low-temperature friction rotation module (4-1), the first slide module (4-3) is fixed on the top of the equipment support frame (2) , the second slide module (4-4) is arranged on the first slide module (4-3), and slides in the horizontal working direction, and the third slide module (4-2 ) is vertically installed on the second slide module (4-4) and slides along the vertical working direction. The low-temperature friction rotation module (4-1) is installed on the third slide module (4-2) Near one end of the excitation coil (3-2), the magnetic field signal acquisition probe and the experimental steel sample (7) are installed on the low-temperature friction rotation module (4-1). 5. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 4, characterized in that the low-temperature friction rotation module (4-1) includes a third support plate (4-1-1), a second support plate (4-1-6), brushless DC motor (4-1-3) and rotating spindle (4-1-12), the second support plate (4-1-6) and the third support plate ( An electric push rod (4-1-5) for loading test pressure is provided between 4-1-1), the second support plate (4-1-6) and the third slide module (4-2 ) is connected, the brushless DC motor (4-1-3) is connected to the third support plate (4-1-1), the rotating spindle (4-1-12) is connected to the brushless DC motor (4-1 -3) connection, and is located below the third support plate (4-1-1), the end of the rotating spindle (4-1-12) is provided with a clamp for installing the experimental steel sample (7), the The magnetic field signal acquisition probe is installed below the third support plate (4-1-1) and above the clamping member. 6. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 5, characterized in that, between the second support plate (4-1-6) and the third support plate (4-1-1) It is also equipped with a miniature S-type tension sensor (4-1-15) and a laser range finder (4-1-13). 7. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 5, characterized in that a motor insulation part (4-1-2) is provided outside the brushless DC motor (4-1-3). 8. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping member is integrally formed with the rotating spindle (4-1-12), and the clamping member includes a plurality of sample mounting positions. . 9. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 3, characterized in that a probe insulation piece is provided outside the magnetic field signal acquisition probe. 10. A polar low-temperature steel friction and wear experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment support frame (2) is provided with an insulation structural member (5) around the periphery.