CN2196835Y - Automatic-control device for charging and discharging quantity of battery device and/or D.C system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic-control device for the charging and the discharging quantities AH of accumulator devices and/or D. C systems. The utility model is characterized in that a sensing type electric quantity transducer and a pulse forming circuit are connected with an accumulator circuit, the pulse of the pulse forming circuit is sent into a pulse counting circuit, and 1AH signal is sent to an electric quantity reversible counter when the pulse achieves the preset value. Under the participation of a presetter, when the charging and the discharging qualities achieve preset values, the counter sends out control signals to start a switching element in a main circuit to ensure the conversion of the operating states of the charge, the discharge and the floating charge of the accumulator. The utility model has the functions of data display and signal display, and has the advantages of high degree of integration, easy wire connection, simple structure and reliable work.

Description

Automatic-control device for charging and discharging quantity of battery device and/or D.C system

The utility model is that a kind of accumulator plant and/or direct current system charge and discharge the electric weight automatic control equipment, and especially a kind of accumulator plant and/or direct current system of being used for is according to discharge capacity amount (AH) and charge capacity (AH) device of control automatically.

Current, the various auto charge and discharge control device of public accumulator plant and direct current system thereof, mainly be also only to be for example variation of charge/discharge current, voltage, time, proportion and all parameters of temperature of surface parameter according to this accumulator plant or system, the person's of being used in combination field experience is judged, estimates, is observed and regulates and control.As everyone knows, this inevitably contains random factor interior, these external parameters of electric power storage are subjected to the influence of many internal and external factors, the for example change of load, the change of charging voltage etc., these parameters only can reflect this variation that takes place or occur of these parameters in accumulator charging/discharging process, these parameters can not fully and completely reflect the real-time electrochemical change state of the active material that has the decision meaning in the storage battery in itself, be whether it is in normal or overdischarge or overcharge condition, it is to being difficult to accurately learn that it has emitted or charged into electric weight or it the accounts show a surplus of the actual numerical value of electric weight fully.Can't accurately predict under the actual electric weight balance between revenue and expenditure of the accumulator plant data conditions, people then are difficult to correct accomplish according to the virtual condition of the electrochemical reaction of storage battery own and need carry out charge or discharge or carry out operation, regulation and control appropriateness, good by the floating charge mode.For a long time, people can only also only can roughly grasp the ruuning situation of accumulator plant and direct current system thereof from the variation of external parameter.This is proved to be experimental in theory and in fact, and the control mode of non-quantitation is very disadvantageous to accumulator plant.It inevitable and directly the result be: the operating state deterioration process of accumulator plant is difficult to choke suppress, charges and discharge electric weight to be difficult to grasp, and failure rate rises and shortens its actual life; A common phenomena then is the Back Up of external parameter and the minimizing of actual capacity, causes the reduction of technical-economic index.This is insoluble for a long time " long-standing " problem, and people usually pay through the nose for this reason.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of and is intended to according to accumulator plant self the actual electric weight of emitting or absorbing that is in operation, to its carry out accurately, normalized, quantitative, charge or discharge intuitively control and counting automatically, thereby avoid the ever-present overdischarge of accumulator plant or overcharge or undercharge and the damage that causes, to improve the service conditions of this device, improve its running quality and prolong its useful life.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that sending device that direct current measurement (AH) analog quantity is become through the aperture on the aluminium dish by the quantitative change of induction type direct current forms the pulse digit amount by infrared and receiving system and send into to have in the forward-backward counter that two-stage presets several switches and count, its the 1st grade of counter and preset device constitute infrared pulse counting unit, it presets the instrument constant (promptly being equivalent to 1AH) that number equals the electrical transformation unit, when the actual umber of pulse that counts equals this instrument constant, promptly sending 2 grades of 1 pulses to the is the voltameter counting unit, 1 pulse of every acceptance of this unit promptly is equivalent to the electric weight of 1 unit, and it is numerically equal to:

The 1AH=1A1H=1(ampere) * 1(hour)

This electric weight counter is subjected to the control of the 2nd grade of preset device, when count value equals to preset when several, promptly export control command and signal, be used to change the operational mode of batteries and direct current system, when accumulator plant is moved by the floating charge mode, the utility model sends instruction by charging and discharging state calibrating unit according to the change of charge/discharge current direction, make the electric weight counter by add/mode of down counter counts, " add " counting and be charging modes, " subtract " counting and be discharge mode, the working method of this counter and storage battery and direct current system is followed synchronously, thereby avoided the leakage of counting and mistake to add, make it accurately to follow the tracks of the charging and discharging of accumulator process, synchronously indicate the virtual condition and the data of accumulator cell charging and discharging quantitative changeization, for the user provides accurate numerical value.For normally being moved by the mode that reasonably charges and discharge electric quantity balancing, this accumulator plant provides foundation, and this device can provide the default value of corresponding increase or minimizing artificially, to compensate in the charge or discharge process, the loss of storage battery self and the minimizing of its actual available capacity, this device is in the floating charge mode, can adjust the difference of sending, be subjected to electric weight automatically, and show.

Send, be subjected to the principle of electric quantity balancing to implement the scheme of charge/discharge electricity amount automatic gauge in service and control because employing is above-mentioned according to accumulator plant itself, can realize reasonable, the correct automatic control of accumulator plant, thereby improved the technical-economic index of accumulator plant and direct current system, improved its work quality and prolong its useful life.Realize adjusting automatically and control, reduce maintenance workload, improve its reliability and economy.

Embodiment and accompanying drawing that the utility model provides are as follows.

Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment block diagram.

Fig. 2 is the utility model embodiment key wiring diagram.

Fig. 3 is a direct current measurement converter principle winding diagram.

Fig. 4 is a direct current measurement transformer configuration schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is a charging and discharging state calibrating installation schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 is an inductance type checkout gear electricity key wiring diagram in the charging and discharging state calibrating installation.

Fig. 7 is that basic counter fills/put (adding/subtract) commutation circuit.

Fig. 8 is that storage battery fills/put status display circuit.

Fig. 9 is that the Automatic Control Unit winding diagram is switched in the storage battery charge/discharge.

Figure 10 is storage battery primary system and power converter and system's connection layout.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples structure of the present utility model, structure and operation principle are described as follows:

For sake of convenience, the block diagram that provides based on Fig. 1, order explanation: the utility model the first provides a kind of induction type power converter represented as square frame 14 (or dc amps hour-AH transducer), its electric key wiring diagram such as Fig. 3, specifically construct as Fig. 4, as can be seen from the figure, potential winding ［ 32 ］ and ［ 33 ］ are housed on potential winding iron core ［ 18 ］, this two coil number of turn is identical, wiring is identical, around on the contrary; Be wound with current coil ［ 34 ］ and ［ 35 ］ on current coil iron core ［ 22 ］, this two coil wiring is identical, and the number of turn is identical, around on the contrary; This potential winding is supplied with permanent steady voltage by voltage stabilizing IC ［ 15 ］, is connected to negative pole after string has switch transistor T 1, T2 in its loop.The two-phase potential difference that the UPK signal generator ［ 13 ］ that the base stage of this switching tube is made of UPK3500 type inversion control module respectively produces is that the duty ratio of half period is the symmetrical square wave signal controlling of 1:1, makes it to set up alternating magnetic field on potential winding iron core ［ 18 ］; The head end of its current coil ［ 34,35 ］ connects together and is connected to main power source side terminal ［ 9 ］ through choke L1 for common port; be input side; L1 establishes for the restriction impulse current; C6 is protection electric capacity; its end then is connected in series high-power switch tube T3, T4 respectively; receiving terminal ［ 10 ］ is outlet side, and this switching tube is subjected to the control of above-mentioned UPK output signal.Current coil ［ 34,35 ］ eddy current that produces on the aluminium dish intersects with the magnetic field of potential winding foundation, its eddy current and the action of a magnetic field produce flywheel moment and promote disk ［ 21 ］ rotation, at potential winding voltage under the stable and permanent magnetism braking moment EQUILIBRIUM CONDITION, the rotating speed of aluminium dish only with current coil pass through current related, its revolution is directly proportional with the product of electric current and time, by calculating the revolution of aluminium dish, just can calculate the direct current value of this corresponding time, this has just constituted the power converter that direct current measurement (AH) is become aluminium dish revolution, for it further being become digital quantity, on the aluminium dish, have aperture ［ 25 ］ for this reason, on its corresponding position, lay the bearing ［ 20 ］ of infrared transmitting tube ［ 24 ］ and receiving tube ［ 23 ］, then aluminium dish revolution is moving has 1 (or several) pulse to send once circle, this impulse wave after Schmidt circuit H1 and H2 shaping, send into pulse counter ［ 4 ］ (referring to block diagram 5 and Unit 6, the relevant elements ［ 21 of Fig. 4,25 and 23,24 ］.Can decide instrument constant through practical measurement, it is the suitable umber of pulse of every 1AH, and this numerical value is preset in the 1st grade of step-by-step counting preset unit ［ 12 ］, preset the S7 that number is made up of dial switch as Fig. 2, when the count pulse number equals instrument constant, promptly export 1 pulse (this part constitutes the electric weight conveyer) to the 2nd grade of counter ［ 2 ］, i.e. basic counter.This two counting unit all adopts binary-coded decimal, by display unit LCD ［ 1 ］, shows reading (AH) after deciphering.What link to each other with this unit has an electric weight preset unit ［ 11 ］, the number that presets of this unit is to set according to the actual capacity of storage battery, and can be according to actual conditions, the character of accumulator cell charging and discharging for example, the different situations such as aging of battery and provide correction value, when voltameter numerical value equals to preset when several, promptly there is signal to export signal and drive circuit ［ 8 ］, ［ 9 ］ and ［ 10 ］ to.Performance element ［ 16 ］ is under the effect of unit ［ 10 ］ driving command, implements control such as switch to batteries and direct current system ［ 7 ］, operation such as switching.

Because induction type electric weight conveyer ［ 14 ］, can not discern and send the directivity-sense of current that is subjected to electric weight, in the utility model, be provided with charging and discharging state calibrating unit ［ 3 ］, this unit details is referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, it is made up of moving-coil instrument mechanism, in the magnetic field that permanent-magnet steel ［ 28 ］ constitutes, moving-coil type is set measures coil ［ 27 ］, this coil is by tested electric current, tested sense of current difference, the yawing moment of this coil is also different, on its pointer ［ 26 ］, lay sheet metal ［ 30 ］, on its corresponding position, the left and right sides, be placed with induction coil ［ 29,31 ］, this pointer zero center, when throw of pointer, drive sheet metal ［ 30 ］, when entering in the middle of the two coil L3 of ［ 31 ］ or ［ 29 ］ and the L4, change its coupling coefficient, promptly change its resonance condition, and make T5, the T6 action, drive exit relay REL1 or REL2 action, the normal opened contact of REL1 or REL2 is then guided on the input terminal of S3, as Fig. 7, to realize adding/subtracting the conversion that counting promptly charges and discharge the electric weight counting, to add counting herein and be set at " charging ", subtract counting and be set to " discharge ", adopt this mode just can realize the automatic conversion of charge/discharge process, make the utility model applicable to various operational modes.Its action situation such as Fig. 7, when relay R EL1 normal opened contact was closed, " IO " pin of IC1 was grounded and is " discharge " state.Corresponding luminous tube indicating circuit such as Fig. 8, when " charging ", red luminotron LED1 lights, and during discharge, green luminotron LED2 lights.

Now the embodiment that provides in conjunction with Fig. 2 further specifies as follows to the utility model: IC1 is an ICM7217 forward-backward counter circuit among the figure, maximum count value is 9999, implement to preset number with dial switch S2, can in 9999 scopes, set arbitrarily, promptly can within 9999AH, set, can satisfy the requirement of most of storage batterys, also available switch S 1 disconnects sweep signal D4～D1 and dial switch S2, and when S4, S5 placed position " 2 " (unsettled), then every binary-coded decimal can be sent to device processes such as microcomputer.

Switch S 1 will be communicated with earlier presetting when several.

S2 is four binary-coded decimal dial switch.

S3 adds/subtract selector switch: " adding " is " charging ", and " subtracting " is " discharge ", if realize when automatic, then carries out (Fig. 1 and Fig. 5,6) by Fig. 7 discharging and recharging under the calibrating unit instruction of position.

S4 has three kinds of states: deposit for presetting position " 1 "; Position " 2 " is common counting; The position: " 3 " are the LCD blanking, (power down mode).

S5 has three kinds of states: deposit for presetting position " 1 "; Position " 2 " is common counting; The position: " 3 " are unsettled for BCD end high resistant.

S6 is the return-to-zero switch, and when pressing this switch, count content is reset to zero entirely.

Characteristics according to IC1, by the direct current measurement delivery unit, be the H1 of the pulse signal of IR1 and IR2 formation through Schmidt circuit CD40102, after the H2 shaping, enter the 1st grade of counter IC6, this one-level can preset the BCD counter by 4 CD4518 and form, maximum count value is 9999, insert by presetting several dial switch S7 as instrument constant, when the umber of pulse of input equals to preset when several, with door H5(CD4082) open and send pulse signal, one the tunnel enters the 2nd grade of counter IC1 one tunnel through H3, the pulse delay circuit that H4 Schmidt circuit CD40102 one forms makes its time zero to IC3～IC6, carry out the repeat count of a new round, only need regularly proofread and adjust in this one-level, and need not to show.

The 2nd grade of counter can demonstrate the ampere-hour number (AH) of " charging "/" discharge " accurately on display IC2, precedingly address, and the state that fills/put is by the red green LED indication of Fig. 8.

In outlet signal circuit ［ 17 ］ shown in Figure 2, " 1 " terminal is that the signal of count value when equating with preset value is low level output; Terminal " 2 " is complete zero low level output; Terminal " 3 " is high level pulse output when completely being worth.Utilize these signals, can realize to main circuit being control and indication, the warning etc. of controlled circuit.

Fig. 9 and Figure 10 provide 1 embodiment that simply utilizes the utility model that main circuit is controlled.

Signal input terminal among Fig. 9 ［ 13 ］ is connected with terminal ［ 1 ］ in drive signal unit ［ 17 ］, terminal ［ 14 ］ is connected with terminal ［ 2 ］.If when the analytic accounting number is kept to zero in discharge process, low level signal is sent into input or the door H7 that sends into after the Schmidt circuit H6 shaping upset through terminal ［ 14 ］, H7 is served as by CD4071, this moment, the CP end of D flip-flop IC8-CD4013 had triggering signal to enter, circuit upset Q end is sent high level, the T7 saturation conduction, relay R EL3 action back one docking point REL32 opens, stop to sending electricity (also can only connect signal) outside, another group normally opened contact REL31 closure, make storage battery enter charged state, preset when several when charging to, then counter output low level signal enters Schmidt circuit H through terminal ［ 1 ］ and ［ 13 ］.After the shaping upset, a warp or a door H7 enter D flip-flop, because this flip-flop operation is in bistable state, so formerly after the pulse-triggered, remain unchanged, after the next triggering signal input, make its upset, the Q end is a low level, T7 is become by saturation conduction and ends, relay R EL3 dead electricity and discharging, and contact group REL31 disconnects, charging stops, and REL32 connects the tape splicing load.Its working method can be carried out automatically by said procedure.

Be connected to shunt R17 among Figure 10 in the storage battery loop, its two ends also are connected to the lead-out wire of inductance type power converter, this lead-out wire is connected on respectively on each winding point of relay R EL1～REL2 of charging and discharging state comparator, is connected on the shunt through terminal ［ 11,12 ］ again.During charging, the REL1 closure, the charging current direction is for to be allocated to negative pole from accumulator positive, the instrument electric current is through contact REL11 and the terminal ［ 11 ］ of A point, REL1, enter converter terminal ［ 9 ］, return terminal ［ 12 ］ by terminal ［ 10 ］ again, through REL12 to B point, its sense of current is not given unnecessary details then in contrast during discharge.

Among Fig. 3, L1 and C6 have constituted the current limliting of impulse current and have been close to the road effect, prevent cause thermal damage with the safety of protecting power component.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of accumulator plant and/or direct current system charge and discharge the electric weight automatic control equipment, it is characterized in that, in the battery circuit of storage battery and direct current system [7], be connected to induction type electric parameters transducer [14], this transmitter forms device [6] generation count pulse with infrared pulse and is connected with pulse-scaling circuit [4] through its output of shaping circuit [5], this circuit also is connected to pulse initialize switch [12], its output is connected with electric weight counter [2], and this counter [2] also is connected to electric weight initialize switch [11]; The output of electric weight counter [2] is connected to digital display [1], and its control signal then is connected to drive signal circuit [10], photoelectricity indicating circuit [9] and warning circuit [8]; Drive signal circuit [10] is communicated with actuating mechanism circuit [16]; On induction type electric weight conveyer [14], also be connected to charging and discharging state comparator [3] and pressurizer [15], UPK signal generator [13].

2, accumulator plant according to claim 1 and/or direct current system charge and discharge the electric weight automatic control equipment, it is characterized in that said electrical transformation device ［ 14 ］, by two be contained on the iron core ［ 18 ］ around on the contrary, the coil that the number of turn is identical ［ 32,33 ］ constitutes voltage cell, current unit iron core ［ 22 ］ is housed on its corresponding position, install two thereon around on the contrary, the current coil that the number of turn is identical ［ 34,35 ］; In the gap of potential winding iron core ［ 18 ］ and current coil iron core ［ 22 ］, installing aluminium matter disk ［ 21 ］, have aperture ［ 25 ］ thereon, with the aperture relevant position on infrared transmitting tube ［ 23 ］ and receiving tube ［ 24 ］ and bearing ［ 20 ］ thereof are set, at the disk opposite side braking permanent-magnet steel ［ 19 ］ is set, potential winding ［ 32,33 ］ is by direct current stabilizer ［ 15 ］ power supply, and string has switch transistor T 1, T2 to be connected to negative pole again in two coil opposite side circuit; Then be connected to output from input side after being connected in series high-power switch tube T3, T4 behind the current coil in current circuit, the base stage of above-mentioned switching tube or control board are connected to respectively on the output signal terminal of control-signals generator UPK ［ 13 ］.

3, accumulator plant according to claim 1 and/or direct current system charge and discharge the electric weight automatic control equipment, it is characterized in that said induction type electrical transformation device ［ 14 ］, also be connected to choking-winding L1 at its current coil input side, with buffering capacitor C 6, this electric capacity is attempted by on terminal ［ 9 ］ and ［ 10 ］.

4, accumulator plant according to claim 1 and/or direct current system charge and discharge the electric weight automatic control equipment, it is characterized in that said infrared pulse forms device ［ 6 ］, form by infrared transmitting tube IR1 and infrared receiving tube IR2, its outlet side is connected to pulse shaper ［ 5 ］, and this circuit is made up of Schmidt trigger H1 and H2.

5, accumulator plant according to claim 1 and/or direct current system charge and discharge the electric weight automatic control equipment, it is characterized in that said pulse counting equipment ［ 4 ］ and pulse preset counting apparatus ［ 12 ］ and be made of multidigit binary-coded decimal counter IC3 respectively.

6, accumulator plant according to claim 1 and/or direct current system charge and discharge electric weight AH automatic control equipment, it is characterized in that said charging and discharging state calibrating unit ［ 3 ］, constitute by moving-coil instrument mechanism and two groups of control circuits, it comprises the sheet metal ［ 30 ］ that is placed on the pointer ［ 26 ］, and be placed in two groups of oscillator coils ［ 29 of its left and right sides, 31 ］, this coil L3, L4 is connected on the center of bikini oscillator coil L2, the other end is connected to the emitter of triode T5, the contact REL12 of two group relay REL1/REL2, REL11 and REL22, it is in parallel with shunt R17 that REL21 presses the connection of reversing switch; REL24 and REL13 and REL14 and REL23 form the 10th pin that interlocking-type charging and discharging state calibrating circuit is connected to IC1, and the other end is connected to VDD and earth terminal GND respectively; It is the charging indication that its corresponding contact REL15 connects with LED1, and it is that discharge is indicated that REL25 connects with LED2.

7, accumulator plant according to claim 1 and/or direct current system charge and discharge the electric weight automatic control equipment, the output signal that it is characterized in that IC1 is drawn by 1,2 pin of IC1 and is connected to terminal ［ 13,14 ］ respectively, be connected to double input end or door H7 through Schmidt circuit H8, H6, its output is connected to the CP end of D flip-flop IC8, its Q end is connected with the T7 base stage, be connected to relay R EL3 in the collector loop of T7, this relay one winding point REL31 seals in the storage battery major loop; Another winding point REL32 then seals in the discharge loop, and the also available switch of this 2 winding point replaces.

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