CN219096531U - Locking mechanism and bracket assembly comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking mechanism and a bracket assembly comprising the same. The locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the battery pack on a bracket of the electric automobile and comprises a locking unit arranged on the bracket; the locking unit can be switched between a locking state and an unlocking state, and is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is used for being matched with a matching part on the battery pack so as to limit the battery pack to move along the vertical direction relative to the bracket. This locking mechanism can be after the battery package gets into the bracket, cooperates the matching part on the battery package through its locking unit's spacing portion to switch to locking state, fixed battery package position relative bracket has restricted the rocking of battery package relative bracket along vertical direction, has improved the security of locking, avoids the locking inefficacy.

Description

Locking mechanism and its bracket assembly

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of vehicle battery replacement, in particular to a locking mechanism and a bracket assembly containing it.

Background technique

The battery installation methods of existing electric vehicles are generally divided into fixed type and replaceable type. Among them, the fixed type battery is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as the charging object when charging. And replaceable battery is generally fixed on the bracket of vehicle by the mode of movable installation, and battery can be taken off, to carry out replacement or charging operation separately, after the battery under replacement is charged, be installed on the vehicle again.

In the prior art, a battery pack locking mechanism is provided on the bracket to lock and connect the battery pack to the bracket. Due to the large size and heavy weight of the battery, when the electric vehicle is driving on an uneven road, the battery pack will It is easy to shake in the vertical direction relative to the bracket, and the existing locking mechanism cannot limit the vertical shaking of the battery pack, which leads to the failure of the locking.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a locking mechanism and a bracket assembly including it in order to overcome the defect that the battery pack is easy to shake relative to the bracket in the vertical direction in the prior art and cause the lock to fail.

The utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above through the following technical solutions:

A locking mechanism, which is used to lock or unlock a battery pack on a bracket of an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism includes a locking unit arranged on the bracket;

The locking unit can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state, and the locking unit has a limiting part, and the limiting part is used to cooperate with a matching part on the battery pack to limit the The battery pack moves vertically relative to the bracket.

The locking mechanism can cooperate with the matching part on the battery pack through the limiting part of the locking unit after the battery pack enters the bracket, so as to switch to the locked state, fix the position of the battery pack relative to the bracket, and limit the The vertical shaking of the battery pack relative to the bracket improves the safety of locking and prevents locking failure.

Preferably, the locking unit includes a locking block, the limiting portion is formed on the locking block, and the locking block is connected to the side of the matching portion of the battery pack through the limiting portion. touch;

When the locking unit is switched to a locked state, the limiting portion of the locking block is used to limit the battery pack from the bracket in a vertical direction.

Through the above-mentioned structural setting, a locking block is provided at the bracket, and the limit part on the locking block contacts the side of the battery pack, so that the positional relationship of the battery pack relative to the bracket can be fixed, preventing the battery pack from moving along the bracket. Detach in the vertical direction, especially during the bumping process of the vehicle, to prevent the battery pack from falling off relative to the bracket during the bumping.

Preferably, the limiting portion is a limiting groove, and the limiting groove has an inclined portion, a flat portion and an inclined portion arranged successively in sequence.

Through the arrangement of the above structure, the groove is fitted with the side of the battery pack to improve the fixing effect. The three angled surfaces of the groove are attached to the surface of the battery pack to achieve fixation, and the matching part is abutted from the upper and lower directions to form a covering effect on the matching part, which improves the reliability of the locking limit .

Preferably, the opening angle of the limiting groove is in the range of 90°-150°.

Through the above structural settings, ensure that the opening angle of the groove is within a reasonable range. The opening angle greater than 90° can ensure the smooth fit of the groove and the surface of the battery pack, and the opening angle less than 150° can improve the firmness of the groove to fix the battery pack.

Preferably, the bottom edge of the locking block is arc-shaped.

By having the bottom edge of the locking block curved, it is possible to avoid rubbing or rubbing of the bottom of the locking block against the bracket during the movement of the locking block between the locked and unlocked states And affect the smoothness of the locking block movement.

Through the above structural arrangement, the reliability and success rate of switching the locking block between the locked state and the unlocked state can be improved.

Preferably, the bottom of the locking block is further formed with an abutting portion, and the abutting portion has two slopes arranged at an angle.

Through the above-mentioned structural setting, two inclined surfaces at an angle are set at the bottom of the locking block, and the locking block can be limited by other components in contact with the inclined surfaces of the locking block, so that the locking block can be kept in the lock position. Exercise within the range of tight and unlocked states.

Preferably, the locking unit further includes a buffer structure, the buffer structure is arranged on the bracket and located below the locking block, and the buffer structure Contact with the locking block to cushion and support the locking block.

Through the above-mentioned structural settings, by setting a flexible buffer structure to contact and limit the bottom of the locking block, it is possible to avoid abnormal noise, wear of parts or structural damage caused by rigid collision with the bracket during the process of limiting the locking block. .

At the same time, by making the locking block in flexible contact with the buffer structure in the locked state, the buffer structure can act on the locking block through its own compression, so that the locking block can move toward the unlocked state without external force.

Preferably, when the battery pack is placed on the bracket, the battery pack contacts the contact surface of the locking block and drives the locking block to switch to a locked state.

Through the above structural setting, the contact between the battery pack and the locking block is used to switch the locking block to the locked state, and the force of the battery pack placed on the bracket drives the locking block to switch to the locked state. The locking process is simple and reliable . Moreover, there is no need to set an additional mechanism to drive the locking block to switch to the locked state, which makes the structure of the entire locking mechanism simpler.

Preferably, the locking block is rotatably connected to the bracket through a turning shaft, and the turning shaft is far away from the battery pack relative to the limiting portion.

Through the above structural arrangement, when the battery pack acts on the limiting part, it can drive the locking block to turn over relative to the bracket, so that the locking block switches to the locked state.

Preferably, the center of gravity of the locking block is far away from the battery pack relative to the turning axis, and the center of gravity of the locking block is higher than the turning axis.

Through the above-mentioned structural setting, the purpose of using the locking block to turn outward (that is, away from the battery pack) under its own gravity to switch to the unlocked state is achieved, so that when the battery pack does not act on the locking block, the locking block The block is automatically switched to the unlocked state, no additional mechanism is required for driving, and the structure is simple and reliable.

Preferably, a torsion spring is provided on the turning shaft, and the torsion spring is used to drive the locking block to turn over to an unlocked state when the locking block is not subjected to external force.

Through the above structural arrangement, the torsion spring acts on the locking block to drive the locking block to turn over to the unlocked state when the battery pack does not act on the locking block, so as to realize the purpose of automatic reset of the locking block, and the structure is simple and reliable.

Preferably, an elastic member is provided at the bottom of the locking block, and one end of the elastic member acts on the locking block in the vertical direction, and the locking block is used to prevent the locking block from When an external force is applied, the locking block is driven to turn over to an unlocked state.

Through the above structural arrangement, the spring acts on the locking block to drive the locking block to turn over to the unlocked state when the battery pack does not act on the locking block, so as to realize the purpose of automatic reset of the locking block, and the structure is simple and reliable.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a locking tongue, the locking tongue is movable relative to the locking unit, and approaches and abuts against the locking unit when the locking unit is in a locked state, to lock the locking unit in a locked state.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the lock tongue abuts against the locking unit to maintain the locked state, avoiding the locking unit from accidentally switching to the unlocked state due to accidental factors, improving the reliability of locking the battery pack, and effectively adapting to vehicle bumps Scenes such as driving.

Preferably, the lock tongue includes a lock tongue body and a stopper, the lock tongue body moves in a linear direction relative to the locking unit, and contacts with the locking unit to lock the locking unit in In the locked state, the limiting member is used to limit the travel of the lock bolt body moving in the horizontal direction.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the moving range of the deadbolt body is limited by the limiter, and when the deadbolt body moves toward the locking unit, the locking unit and the deadbolt body can be prevented from being too close to the locking unit, causing the locking unit and the deadbolt body to be stuck occurrence of death.

Preferably, an abutment surface is formed on the lock tongue body, and the abutment surface is an inclined surface.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the lock bolt body restricts the locking unit in the form of inclined surface contact, forming a limit method similar to the mortise and tenon connection, which effectively prevents the locking unit from overcoming the limit of the lock bolt body and switching to the unlocked state.

Preferably, the limiting member is connected to the bolt body and located above the bolt body, and when the bolt body moves toward the locking unit, the limiting member It can be in contact with the locking unit and limit the displacement of the lock bolt body.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the moving range of the deadbolt body is limited by the contact of the limiting member with respect to the locking unit by arranging the limiting member on the deadbolt body, and the structure is simple and reliable.

Preferably, the included angle between the direction of the force transmitted from the locking unit to the locking tongue and the direction in which the locking tongue moves away from the locking unit is greater than or equal to 75°.

Through the above structural arrangement, a more preferable structural arrangement is provided, so that when the locking unit is subjected to a large external force, the locking tongue cannot release the restriction on the locking unit by transmitting the external force to the locking tongue.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a reset member, one end of which is connected to the lock tongue, and applies a force to the lock tongue to move toward the locking unit.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the reset member is provided to apply the force that the lock tongue is close to the locking unit, which improves the reliability of locking and prevents the locking unit from being switched to the unlocked state due to accidental factors.

Preferably, the reset member is a spring, one end of the spring is fixed on the bracket, and the other end of the spring is connected to the lock tongue.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the force of the spring acting on the lock tongue drives the lock tongue to move towards the locking unit, so as to avoid the situation that the battery pack falls off relative to the bracket due to external unlocking.

Preferably, the spring is detachably connected to the lock tongue through a hook at the end.

Through the arrangement of the above structure, the replacement of the spring is facilitated, and the maintainability of the entire locking mechanism is improved.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a push rod or a screw nut mechanism connected to the dead bolt, and the push rod or screw nut mechanism is used to input an external force to the dead bolt to drive the dead bolt Move away from the locking unit.

Through the above structural arrangement, a more preferable structural solution is provided, and the locking tongue is driven to move by a push rod or a screw nut mechanism, which has high reliability.

Preferably, the locking block approaches or moves away from the battery pack in a manner of moving horizontally relative to the bracket.

Through the above structural arrangement, the moving track of the locking block is simple, the structural design and maintenance are convenient, and the reliability of locking or unlocking the battery pack can also be improved.

Preferably, the locking block moves horizontally relative to the bracket by connecting a push rod or a screw nut mechanism, the bracket is provided with a horizontally extending guide rail, and the locking block is arranged on the on the guide rail.

Through the above structural arrangement, a more preferable structural scheme is provided, and the locking block is moved in a linear direction by means of a push rod or a screw nut mechanism, which has high reliability.

A bracket assembly includes a bracket and the above-mentioned locking mechanism.

The bracket assembly adopts the above-mentioned locking mechanism. After the battery pack enters the bracket, the locking mechanism can cooperate with the matching part on the battery pack through the limit part of its locking unit to switch to the locked state. , fix the position of the battery pack relative to the bracket, so that the battery pack can no longer leave the bracket, so that the bracket assembly can quickly fix the battery pack.

Preferably, the locking mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate of the bracket.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the locking mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate of the bracket, so that the battery pack is directly connected and fixed to the bottom plate of the bracket through the locking mechanism. During the driving process of the vehicle, the inertial force of the battery pack directly acts on the bottom plate of the bracket. The bottom plate can avoid structural damage caused by local force.

Preferably, there are multiple locking mechanisms, and the locking units of the multiple locking mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the bracket along the width direction.

Through the above structural arrangement, the number of locking mechanisms on the bracket is increased, and the fixing effect of the bracket assembly on the battery pack is improved. Multiple locking mechanisms are evenly distributed on the bracket to make the connection between the bracket and the battery pack more reliable.

Preferably, the locking units of the plurality of locking mechanisms are arranged close to the electrical connection plugs of the bracket.

Through the above structural arrangement, the battery pack is reliably fixed at a position close to the electrical connection plug by the locking mechanism, so that the electrical connection between the battery pack and the bracket is reliable and stable.

Preferably, the back plate of the bracket is fixed on the side surface of the chassis frame of the electric vehicle.

Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the bracket is reliably connected to the electric vehicle, and deformation of the bracket during long-term use is avoided.

Preferably, the beam of the bracket is fixed to the lower surface of the chassis frame of the electric vehicle.

Through the above structural settings, the bracket is reliably connected to the electric vehicle, and the deformation of the bracket during long-term use is avoided

The positive progressive effect of the present utility model is:

In the locking mechanism and the bracket assembly including it, after the battery pack enters the bracket, the limit part of the locking unit cooperates with the matching part on the battery pack to switch to the locked state and fix the battery pack The position relative to the bracket limits the vertical shaking of the battery pack relative to the bracket, improves the safety of locking, and avoids locking failure.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (1) of a bracket assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the bracket assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of part B in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the combined relationship between the bracket and the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of part C in FIG. 6 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram (1) of the state of the locking unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view (2) of the state of the locking unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram (3) of the state of the locking unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view (4) of the state of the locking unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the bracket, the fork and the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the bracket and the fork according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of part D in FIG. 13 .

Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram (2) of the bracket assembly of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a partially enlarged view of part E in FIG. 15 .

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a lock tongue according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic flowchart of a locking method for a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic flowchart of a method for unlocking a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

bracket 10

Electrical connection plug mount 102

Beam 103

locking unit 1

locking block 11

Limiting part 111

bottom edge 112

abutment 113

Flip axis 114

buffer structure 12

Deadbolt 2

Lock bolt body 21

Contact surface 211

limiter 22

stopper 23

reset part 3

transmission part 4

battery pack 30

Matching Section 301

Fork 40

Detailed ways

The utility model is further illustrated below by means of examples, but the utility model is not limited to the scope of the examples.

As shown in Figures 1-5, the utility model provides a bracket assembly installed on an electric vehicle, which specifically includes a bracket 10 and a locking mechanism. Wherein, the locking mechanism is used to lock or unlock the battery pack 30 on the bracket 10 , and these locking mechanisms include a plurality of locking units 1 distributed on the bottom plate of the bracket 10 . These locking units 1 can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. Specifically, each locking unit 1 has a limiting portion 111 (see FIG. 2 ), and the limiting portion 111 is used to communicate with the battery pack 30 The matching part 301 on the side is matched (see FIG. 5 ) to achieve the purpose of snap connection, so as to limit the vertical movement of the battery pack 30 relative to the bracket 10, so that the battery pack 30 is in a locked state in the locking unit 1 It cannot be separated from the bracket assembly in the vertical direction.

The above-mentioned locking mechanism can cooperate with the matching part 301 on the battery pack 30 through the limiting parts 111 of a plurality of locking units 1 arranged on the bracket 10 after the battery pack 30 enters the bracket 10, so as to switch to In the locked state, the position of the battery pack 30 relative to the bracket 10 is fixed, thereby limiting the shaking range of the battery pack 30 relative to the bracket 10 along the vertical direction, improving the safety of locking and avoiding failure of locking.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of locking mechanisms is six, wherein two locking mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides along the length direction of the bracket 10, so that the connection between the bracket 10 and the battery pack 30 is more stable. reliable. The remaining two locking mechanisms are arranged close to the electrical connection plug of the bracket 10. As shown in FIG. The battery pack 30 is reliably fixed at a position close to the electrical connection plug through the locking mechanism, so that the electrical connection between the battery pack 30 and the bracket 10 is reliable and stable.

In this embodiment, each locking mechanism is connected to the bottom plate of the bracket 10, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate of the bracket 10, so that the battery pack 30 is directly connected and fixed to the bottom plate of the bracket 10 through the locking mechanism. During the running of the vehicle, the inertial force of the battery pack 30 acts directly on the bottom plate of the bracket 10, which can avoid structural damage caused by local force. In this embodiment, the bracket 10 has cross beams 103 that intersect vertically and horizontally to form the bottom plate. Of course, in other embodiments, the bottom plate of the above bracket 10 can also be formed by plates such as steel plates.

In this embodiment, a preferred structural implementation of the locking mechanism is provided, so that the locking mechanism has a simple structure, fewer driving parts, less maintenance difficulty, and reliable locking.

Specifically as shown in FIG. 2 , the locking unit 1 includes a locking block 11 that is movable relative to the bracket 10 , and each locking unit 1 is used to limit the movement of the battery pack 30 to a limiting portion 111 formed on the locking block 11 . On the side surface, the locking block 11 restricts the upward displacement of the battery pack 30 by way of its limiting portion 111 in contact with the matching portion 301 of the battery pack 30 .

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the locking unit 1 is switched to the locked state shown in FIG. The bracket 10 makes the battery pack 30 maintain a reliable connection with respect to the bracket 10 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , the limiting part 111 is a limiting groove, and correspondingly, the matching part 301 on the battery pack 30 is a limiting protrusion, which is connected with the limiting protrusion on the side of the battery pack 30 through the limiting groove. Fitting achieves the purpose of firm connection and improves the fixing effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the limiting portion 111 may also be a limiting protrusion, and correspondingly, the matching portion 301 on the battery pack 30 is a limiting groove.

In addition, the groove of the limiting groove in this embodiment has three continuous planes, which are continuously arranged inclined portions, flat portions and inclined portions. The three angled surfaces are attached to the surface of the battery pack 30 to achieve fixation, and the matching part is abutted from the upper and lower directions to form a covering effect on the matching part 301, which improves the reliability of the locking limit . In other embodiments, the groove shape of the limiting groove can also be V-shaped or U-shaped, so that the two angled or opposite surfaces of the groove can be attached to the surface of the battery pack 30 to achieve fixing. The above-mentioned arrangement of these groove structures is more reliable than other fixing methods, and can prevent the battery pack 30 from being separated from the bracket 10 in the vertical direction, especially during the bumping process of the vehicle. When relative bracket 10 comes off.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7-9 , the opening angle of the limiting groove is 90° to ensure that the opening angle of the groove is within a reasonable range. In other embodiments, the opening angle range of the limiting groove can be set between 90° and 150°. Wherein, by making the opening angle larger than 90°, the smooth fit between the groove and the surface of the battery pack 30 can be ensured, and by making the opening angle smaller than 150°, the firmness of the groove to fix the battery pack 30 can be improved.

As shown in Figure 7, in this embodiment, the bottom of the locking block 11 is used to contact the bracket 10, therefore, the bottom edge 112 of the locking block 11 is set in an arc shape, by making the bottom of the locking block 11 The edge 112 is arc-shaped, and when the locking block 11 switches between the locked state and the unlocked state through movement, it can prevent the bottom of the locking block 11 from rubbing or rubbing against the bracket 10 and affecting the lock. The smoothness of tight block 11 motions. Moreover, such a structural arrangement can also improve the reliability and success rate of switching the locking block 11 between the locked state and the unlocked state.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 17 , two abutting portions 113 are formed on the bottom of the locking block 11 , and the two abutting portions 113 have two slopes arranged at an angle. Two slopes at an angle are set at the bottom of the bottom, and the locking block 11 is limited by other components in contact with the slopes of the locking block 11, so that the locking block 11 can be kept in the locked state and the unlocked state. Exercise within the range.

Specifically, in this embodiment, a buffer structure 12 is provided on the surface of the bracket 10, and at the bottom of the locking block 11, the abutting portion 113 on the side close to the battery pack 30 (that is, the abutting portion 113 on the right side in FIG. 7 ) can make elastic contact with the buffer structure 12 when the locking block 11 is switched to the locked state, and buffer and support the locking block 11 through the compression deformation of the buffer structure 12 . By arranging the flexible buffer structure 12 to contact and limit the bottom of the locking block 11 , it is possible to avoid abnormal noise, component wear or structural damage caused by rigid collision during the process of limiting the locking block 11 .

In this embodiment, the buffer structure 12 also acts as an elastic member to exert force on the locking block 11. Specifically, when the locking block 11 is in the locked state, the lower surface of the locking block 11 is in flexible contact with the buffer structure 12 and Pressing the buffer structure 12 achieves deformation and compression, so that the buffer structure 12 can generate a reaction force through self-compression, and act on the locking block 11, so that the locking block 11 can move toward the unlocked state without external force. Of course, in other embodiments, in order to achieve the purpose of enabling the locking block 11 to move toward the position of the unlocked state without external force, it is also possible to additionally set the elastic member and the locking block on the basis of the buffer structure 12 11 in contact with the lower surface, so that the locking block 11 can move toward the position of the unlocked state without external force. Therefore, in other embodiments, these additional elastic members different from the buffer structure 12 can adopt structures such as coil springs to have relatively high resilience in a relatively small compression range.

Specifically, the cushioning structure 12 in this embodiment is a rubber pad, so that the cushioning structure 12 also has the rebound function of the elastic member.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10 , the locking block 11 of the locking unit 1 is in the unlocked state at this time. When the battery pack 30 is placed on the bracket 10 from top to bottom, the matching The portion 301 is in contact with the limiting portion 111 of the locking block 11 , transmits a downward force, and drives the locking block 11 to switch to the locked state. This scheme of driving the locking block 11 to switch to the locked state uses the contact between the battery pack 30 and the locking block 11 to switch the locking block 11 to the locked state, and uses the battery pack 30 to be placed on the bracket 10 The active force drives the locking block 11 to switch to the locked state, and the locking process is simple and reliable. Moreover, there is no need to set an additional mechanism to drive the locking block 11 to switch to the locked state, which makes the structure of the entire locking mechanism simpler. Specifically, in order to facilitate the placement of the battery pack 30, the locking block 11 is switched from the unlocked state to the locked state. The locking block 11 in this embodiment switches between the locked state and the unlocked state by turning over. switch between. At the same time, the trajectory of the turning motion is clearer and more definite, which can improve the reliability of the state switching of the locking block 11 . Of course, in other embodiments, the locking block 11 can also be switched between the locked state and the unlocked state by making a linear movement, or specifically adopting a horizontal movement.

In this embodiment, the locking block 11 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate of the bracket 10 through the turning shaft 114. As shown in FIG. The locking block 11 can be driven to turn over relative to the bracket 10 when the position limiting portion 111 is located, so that the locking block 11 is switched to a locked state.

At the same time, in this embodiment, the center of gravity of the locking block 11 is farther away from the battery pack 30 than the turning axis 114 , and the center of gravity of the locking block 11 is higher than the turning axis 114 . Through the above structural arrangement, without external force, the purpose of using the locking block 11 to turn outward (ie away from the battery pack 30 ) under its own gravity to switch to the unlocked state is achieved. Specifically as shown in Figures 8 and 9, if in the state of Figure 8, the battery pack 30 is lifted relative to the bracket 10 to leave the bracket, the locking block 11 can move along the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 9 under its own gravity. Flip outwards and switch to the unlocked state automatically, waiting for the battery pack 30 to be put in again. With this structure, when the battery pack 30 does not act on the locking block 11, the locking block 11 is automatically switched to the unlocked state, and no additional mechanism is required for driving. The structure is simple and reliable.

Of course, in other embodiments, other structural configurations can also be adopted, so that when the battery pack 30 is taken out relative to the bracket 10, the locking block 11 is automatically switched to the unlocked state. For example, a torsion spring may be provided on the turning shaft 114, and the torsion spring acts on the locking block 11, so that the locking block 11 turns over to an unlocked state when no external force is applied. These structural solutions can also achieve the purpose of automatic reset of the locking block 11, and can also make the structure of the bracket assembly simple and reliable.

In this embodiment, in addition to the function of the center of gravity of the turning shaft 114, the effect of the buffer structure 12 on the locking block 11 can also help the locking block 11 to switch from the locked state to the unlocked state, as shown in Figure 7, when the lock When the tightening block 11 is in the locked state, the bottom edge 112 of the locking block 11 and one of the abutment parts 113 of the locking block 11 are pressed against the surface of the buffer structure 12, and the buffer structure 12 is compressed at this time and produces an opposing force. The acting force of the locking block 11, when the battery is taken out, the acting force of the buffer structure 12 on the locking block 11 can help the locking block 11 switch to the unlocked state. In other embodiments, springs and other elastic parts can act on the locking block 11, so as to exert force on the locking block 11 when the locking block 11 is in the locked state, so as to drive the locking block 11 without being affected. The battery pack 30 is quickly switched to the unlocked state under the action of gravity.

As shown in Figure 7, the locking mechanism in this embodiment also includes a lock tongue 2, the lock tongue 2 can move relative to the locking block 11 of the locking unit 1, and approach when the locking block 11 is in the locked state. And abut against another abutting portion 113 of the locking block 11 (that is, the abutting portion 113 on the left side in FIG. 7 ), so as to keep the locking block 11 of the locking unit 1 locked in the locked state. Through the above-mentioned structural arrangement, the lock tongue 2 maintains the locked state by abutting against the locking unit 1, avoiding that the locking block 11 is mistakenly switched to the unlocked state due to accidental factors, and improving the reliability of locking the battery pack 30 , effectively adapting to scenes such as bumpy driving of vehicles.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the lock tongue 2 includes a lock tongue body 21 and a limiting member 22 . Wherein, the locking tongue body 21 moves back and forth along a horizontal straight line relative to the locking block 11, and contacts with the abutting portion 113 of the locking block 11 to lock the locking block 11 in the locked state, and the limiting member 22 is arranged at The top of the deadbolt body 21 is used to limit the stroke of the deadbolt body 21 moving in the horizontal direction. The movement range of the deadbolt body 21 is limited by using the limiter 22, that is, it is used to limit the movement of the deadbolt body 21 toward the locking block. 11 can avoid the lock bolt body 21 from being too close to the locking block 11 and causing the locking block 11 and the lock bolt body 21 to be stuck.

As shown in Figure 18, an abutment surface 211 is formed on the surface of the lock tongue body 21 facing the locking block 11, and the abutment surface 211 is an inclined surface for contacting the locking block 11 when the locking block 11 is in the locked state. 11 Stay fit. The displacement of the locking block 11 is restricted by the locking bolt body 21 in the form of inclined surface contact, forming a limiting method similar to the mortise and tenon connection, which effectively prevents the locking unit 1 from overcoming the limitation of the locking bolt body 21 and switching to the unlocked state .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 , after the bolt body 21 abuts against the locking block 11 , the abutting direction of the bolt body 21 relative to the locking block 11 is perpendicular to the abutting surface 211 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 , the angle between the direction X of the force transmitted from the locking block 11 to the bolt body 21 and the direction Y of the movement of the bolt body 21 away from the locking block 11 is about 80°. , at this time, the force transmitted from the locking block 11 to the bolt body 21 will generate a relatively large frictional force, preventing the bolt body 21 from moving away from the locking block 11, so that the locking unit 1 is subject to a relatively large external force In this case, the locking tongue 2 cannot release the restriction on the locking unit 1 by transmitting the external force to the locking tongue 2 .

In other embodiments, the included angle between the direction X of the force transmitted from the locking block 11 to the lock tongue body 21 and the moving direction Y of the lock tongue body 21 away from the locking block 11 can be set at more than 75°.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 11, the locking mechanism also includes a reset member 3, one end of the reset member 3 is connected to the lock tongue body 21, and applies a force to the lock tongue body 21 to move towards the locking block 11, By setting the reset member 3 to apply the force of the lock tongue body 21 approaching the locking unit 1, the reliability of locking is improved, and the locking unit is prevented from switching to the unlocked state due to accidental factors. Specifically, the reset member 3 in this embodiment uses a spring, one end of the spring is fixed on the support of the bracket 10, and the other end of the spring is connected to the deadbolt 2, so as to drive the deadbolt body 21 to move horizontally and reset , to maintain the purpose of locking the locking block 11 in the locked state. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the spring in this embodiment is detachably connected to the lock tongue 2 through the hook at the end. This structural arrangement can facilitate the replacement of the spring and improve the maintainability of the entire locking mechanism.

In addition, if the battery pack 30 is to be removed from the bracket 10, or when the battery pack 30 is to be put on the bracket 10, it is first necessary to move the bolt body 21 away from the locking block 11, and then it can The locking block 11 is switched to the unlocked state due to factors such as gravity and elastic force.

Therefore, the bolt body 21 in this embodiment can move away from the locking block 11 under the driving of external force, so as to realize the controllable unlocking purpose by utilizing the external force.

In other embodiments, mechanisms such as cylinders, push rods, or screw nuts can be provided, which are connected to the bolt body 21 through mechanisms such as cylinders, push rods, or screw nuts, so as to input the above-mentioned external force to the bolt 2 to make the locking Block 11 can be switched to an unlocked state.

However, in this embodiment, a relatively simple linkage mechanism with a higher degree of automation is provided. As shown in FIG. bracket 10. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned fork 40 carrying the battery pack 30 is used to generate an external force to drive the lock tongue body 21 to move. When the fork 40 is carrying the battery pack 30, the locking block 11 can be switched to the unlocked state, so that the carrying The operation of the battery pack 30 can be carried out smoothly.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, the locking mechanism also includes a transmission member 4 connected to the deadbolt 2, and the transmission member 4 is used to transmit the external force generated by the fork 40 to the deadbolt 2 to drive the deadbolt The body 21 moves horizontally. The structure of the transmission part 4 is shown in Figures 13-16. The transmission part 4 in this embodiment contacts the front end 40b and the side end 40a of the fork 40, and uses the placement action of the fork 40 to drive the transmission part 4 to move, and then Drive the deadbolt body 21 of the deadbolt 2 to move. The locking bolt 2 is driven to move by the force generated by the contact with the front end and the side end of the fork 40 , the structure is simple and reliable, so that the switching of the unlocked state can match the movement of the fork 40 to pick and place the battery pack 30 .

In order to prevent the fork 40 from driving the bolt 2 to move excessively, as shown in Figure 8, a stopper 23 can be set on the rear side of the bolt body 21 to limit the position of the bolt body 21, that is, to limit the direction of the bolt body away from the battery pack Mobile itinerary.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14 , two sets of locking units 1 in this embodiment are distributed on the sides of the bracket 10 , and the transmission parts 4 corresponding to these locking units 1 are connected to the side ends 40 a of the forks 40 . Contact to drive the deadbolt body 21 to move. Specifically, when the fork 40 is moving down or extending forward, the side end 40a of the fork 40 touches the end of the transmission member 4 and drives the transmission member 4 to move in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 14 , so that the bolt body 21 The locking block 11 is unlocked by moving synchronously, so that the locking block 11 switches to the unlocked state under the action of its own gravity or elastic force. In order to facilitate the movement of the transmission part, further, a raised portion with a guide slope can be provided on the side end of the fork. When the fork is extended forward, the raised portion acts on the transmission part, so that the transmission part follows the guide The inclined plane moves to drive the deadbolt body away from the locking block.

As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, two groups of locking units 1 in this embodiment are also distributed at the rear of the bracket 10, and the transmission parts 4 corresponding to these locking units 1 are connected to the front end 40b of the fork 40. Contact to drive the deadbolt body 21 to move. Specifically, when the fork 40 is moving down or extending forward, the front end 40b of the fork 40 touches the end of the transmission part 4 and drives the transmission part 4 to move in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 16, so that the lock bolt body 21 is synchronized. The locking block 11 is unlocked by moving, so that the locking block 11 is switched to an unlocked state under the action of its own gravity or elastic force.

It can be seen from Fig. 14 and Fig. 16 that the moving direction of the transmission member 4 and the deadbolt body 21 corresponding to the front end 40b or side end 40a of the fork 40 in this embodiment is the same as the pushing direction of the fork 40 against the transmission member 4 Consistent, and all move horizontally, so that the direction in which the transmission part 4 drives the deadbolt 2 to move is consistent with the direction in which the fork 40 extends in or out horizontally, so as to simplify the structure of the transmission part 4 and facilitate manufacturing and maintenance.

This embodiment also provides a locking method for the battery pack 30. As shown in FIG. 19, the locking method for the battery pack 30 uses the above-mentioned locking mechanism to lock the battery pack 30. The method specifically includes the following steps:

S11. Control the battery pack 30 transport mechanism to transport the battery pack 30 to the top of the bracket 10 (see FIG. 12 ).

S12. Control the battery pack 30 transport mechanism to place the battery pack 30 on the bracket 10, and switch the locking unit 1 of the locking mechanism to a locked state.

S13. Control the locking unit to lock the locking unit 1 in a locked state (see FIG. 7 ).

In the locking method of the battery pack 30, when the battery pack 30 is placed on the bracket 10, by switching the locking unit 1 of the locking mechanism to the locked state, the reliable locking of the battery pack 30 is realized, and the battery pack is limited. The shaking of 30 in the vertical direction relative to the bracket 10 improves the safety of locking and prevents locking failure.

Specifically, in the specific implementation of this embodiment, the locking unit is the deadbolt 2, specifically the deadbolt body 21, and the unlocking and locking of the locking block 11 of the locking mechanism by the deadbolt body 21 is carried out by carrying the battery pack 30. Realized by the pallet fork 40 of handling mechanism.

Wherein, step S12 also specifically includes: the battery pack 30 switches the locking unit 1 to a locked state by applying the gravity of the battery pack 30 to the locking unit 1 (see FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 ).

Through the setting of the above process steps, the gravity during the placement process of the battery pack 30 relative to the bracket 10 drives the locking unit to switch to the locked state to achieve the purpose of self-locking, making the locking process of the battery pack 30 simpler and more reliable.

In addition, this embodiment also provides an unlocking method for the battery pack 30, as shown in FIG. Specifically include the following steps:

S21. Control the locking tongue 2 to unlock the locking unit 1 of the locking mechanism (see FIG. 8 ).

S22. Control the battery pack 30 transport mechanism to lift the battery pack 30 relative to the bracket 10, so that the locking unit 1 is switched to an unlocked state. (See Figure 9)

S23 , controlling the battery pack 30 transport mechanism to take out the battery pack 30 from above the bracket 10 .

The method for unlocking the battery pack 30 is to switch the locking unit 1 of the locking mechanism to the unlocked state before the battery pack 30 is removed from the bracket 10, so that the battery pack 30 can be removed from the bracket 10. Removal, the structure is simple and reliable, reducing the difficulty of removing the battery pack 30 from the bracket 10 .

Specifically, in step S22 of the unlocking method for the battery pack 30, the battery pack 30 switches the locking unit 1 to the unlocked state by releasing the gravity of the battery pack 30 applied to the locking unit 1, by using When the battery pack 30 is lifted relative to the bracket 10, the gravity acts on the locking unit in the process of releasing the force of gravity, which drives the locking unit to switch to the unlocked state to achieve the purpose of self-locking, making the locking process of the battery pack 30 simpler and more reliable, and the degree of unlocking automation is high , without setting up an additional drive structure.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, in step S21 of the unlocking method of the battery pack 30, the fork 40 of the battery pack 30 transport mechanism drives the lock tongue 2 to move away from the locking unit 1 to release the lock. Locking of tight unit 1. By using the battery pack 30 transport mechanism to drive the lock tongue 2 to move, the locking unit can be switched to the unlocked state, the unlocking automation is high, and no additional driving structure is required.

This embodiment also provides an electric vehicle, in which the above-mentioned bracket assembly is used, specifically, the beam 103 of the bracket 10 is fixed on the lower surface of the chassis frame (not shown in the figure) of the electric vehicle at. Through the above structural arrangement, the bracket 10 is reliably connected to the electric vehicle, and the deformation of the bracket 10 during long-term use is avoided. Of course, in other embodiments, if the bracket 10 also has a back plate, the back plate of the bracket 10 can also be fixed on the side surface of the chassis frame of the electric vehicle to further strengthen the connection between the bracket 10 and the chassis of the electric vehicle. degree.

Although the specific implementation of the utility model has been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principle and essence of the present utility model, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (22)

1. A locking mechanism for locking or unlocking a battery pack to a bracket of an electric vehicle, the locking mechanism comprising a locking unit provided to the bracket;

The locking unit can be switched between a locking state and an unlocking state, and is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is used for being matched with a matching part on the battery pack so as to limit the battery pack to move along the vertical direction relative to the bracket.

2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking unit includes a locking piece, the limit portion is formed on the locking piece, and the locking piece is in side contact with the matching portion of the battery pack through the limit portion;

when the locking unit is switched to a locking state, the limiting part of the locking block is used for limiting the battery pack to be separated from the bracket along the vertical direction.

3. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the limit portion is a limit groove;

the limiting groove is provided with a bevel part, a plane part and a bevel part which are sequentially and continuously arranged;

and/or the opening angle range of the limiting groove is 90-150 degrees.

4. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the bottom edge of the locking block is arcuate;

and/or the bottom of the locking block is also provided with an abutting part, and the abutting part is provided with two inclined planes which are arranged in an angle way.

5. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the locking unit further comprises a buffer structure provided on the bracket below the locking block, the buffer structure contacting the locking block when the locking block is switched to the locked state to buffer and support the locking block.

6. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the locking block is rotatably coupled to the bracket by a tilt shaft, the tilt shaft being remote from the battery pack relative to the limit portion.

7. The locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein the center of gravity of said locking block is remote from said battery pack relative to said roll-over axis and the center of gravity of said locking block is higher than said roll-over axis.

8. The locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein a torsion spring is provided on the flipping shaft for driving the locking block to flip to the unlocked state when the locking block is not subjected to an external force.

9. The locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein an elastic member is further provided at a bottom of the locking block, one end of the elastic member acts on the locking block in a vertical direction, and the locking block is configured to drive the locking block to be turned to an unlocked state when the locking block is not subjected to an external force.

10. The locking mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a locking tongue movable relative to the locking unit and approaching and abutting the locking unit when the locking unit is in a locked state to lock the locking unit in a locked state.

11. The locking mechanism of claim 10, wherein the locking bolt comprises a bolt body that moves in a linear direction relative to the locking unit and contacts the locking unit to lock the locking unit in a locked state, and a stopper for limiting a travel of the bolt body that moves in a horizontal direction.

12. The locking mechanism of claim 11, wherein the stop member is coupled to the latch body and is positioned above the latch body such that the stop member is capable of contacting the locking unit and limiting displacement of the latch body when the latch body is moved in a direction toward the locking unit.

13. The locking mechanism of claim 10, wherein an included angle between a direction of a force transmitted from the locking unit to the locking bolt and a direction of movement of the locking bolt away from the locking unit is 75 ° or more.

14. The locking mechanism of claim 10, further comprising a return member having one end connected to the locking tab and applying a force to the locking tab that moves in the direction of the locking unit.

15. The locking mechanism of claim 14, wherein said return member is a spring, one end of said spring being secured to said bracket, and the other end of said spring being connected to said locking bolt.

16. The locking mechanism of claim 15, wherein said spring is removably coupled to said locking bolt by a distal hook.

17. The locking mechanism of claim 10, further comprising a push rod or screw nut mechanism coupled to the locking bolt, the push rod or screw nut mechanism configured to input an external force to the locking bolt to move the locking bolt in a direction away from the locking unit.

18. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein said locking block moves horizontally with respect to said bracket toward or away from said battery pack.

19. The locking mechanism of claim 18, wherein said locking block is adapted to move horizontally relative to said bracket by means of a push rod or a screw nut mechanism, said bracket having a horizontally extending rail thereon, said locking block being disposed on said rail.

20. A bracket assembly comprising a bracket and a locking mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. The bracket assembly of claim 20, wherein the locking mechanism is disposed on a floor of the bracket.

22. The bracket assembly of claim 20, wherein the number of locking mechanisms is plural, and locking units of the plurality of locking mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the bracket in the width direction.

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