CN219064514U - Vertical finder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sagging finder, which comprises a disc, a fish-eye bearing, a laser, a spring, a horizontal thread pair and a vertical thread pair, wherein the horizontal thread pair is arranged on the disc; the disc is provided with a hollow cavity, two ends of the hollow cavity are open, the light beam emitting end of the laser is connected with the disc through a fish eye bearing sleeved on the laser, a horizontal thread pair and a vertical thread pair are orthogonally arranged and are in threaded connection with the outer wall of the disc along the radial direction of the disc, the front ends of the horizontal thread pair and the vertical thread pair are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the laser, and the positions, opposite to the two thread pairs, of the tail end of the laser in the circumferential direction are supported with the disc through springs. Under the condition of equal beam divergence angles, the precision of the utility model is improved by 1 time; the vertical relationship is easily transferred to other devices.

Description

Vertical finder

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of instruments and measurement, and particularly relates to a sagging finder.

Background

The sagging finder is an instrument for realizing that a visible light beam is vertical to the height of an ideal circular surface. The method has wide application requirements in the fields of optical instrument measurement, military inspection, engineering construction and the like.

For example, in the field of optical instrument measurement, a laser radar is used to accurately measure the distance between two peaks. Sometimes, because the distance between two peaks is far, the attenuation of the laser energy by the atmosphere is large, and under the condition that the reflectivity of substances on the surfaces of the peaks is low, a reflecting surface needs to be constructed at the top of one peak, and the reflecting surface needs to be perpendicular to the optical path of the laser radar, under the condition, the angle of the reflecting surface needs to be adjusted with the help of a sagging finder, so that the laser emitted by the laser radar returns along the original path.

For example, in the field of military industry, the accuracy of the output angle of a servo mechanism such as tank turret and radar rotation is an index focused by a designer, and the accuracy of the output angle of the tank turret and radar servo mechanism can be detected and calibrated by fixing a vertical finder on a mechanical reference interface above the tank turret and radar.

For example, to observe a very high building sidewall verticality, a horizontal plane may be first fixed to the sidewall attachment, then the verticality finder is fixed to the horizontal plane, a beam vertical to the horizontal plane is obtained, and then the building sidewall verticality is obtained by observing the distance between the building sidewall and the beam.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a sagging finder, which provides an ideal reference source for measuring, calibrating and checking other equipment.

The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the sagging finder comprises a disc, a fish eye bearing, a laser, a spring, a horizontal thread pair and a vertical thread pair;

the disc is provided with a hollow cavity, two ends of the hollow cavity are open, the light beam emitting end of the laser is connected with the disc through a fish eye bearing sleeved on the laser, a horizontal thread pair and a vertical thread pair are orthogonally arranged and are in threaded connection with the outer wall of the disc along the radial direction of the disc, the front ends of the horizontal thread pair and the vertical thread pair are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the laser, and the positions, opposite to the two thread pairs, of the tail end of the laser in the circumferential direction are supported with the disc through springs.

The utility model is further improved in that the fish-eye bearing can enable the light beam of the laser to always intersect with the center of the disc in space.

The laser device is further improved in that the laser device can achieve fine adjustment of the pitch angle and the yaw angle of the laser beam under the combined action of the spring force, the horizontal thread pair and the vertical thread pair.

The utility model further improves the device, which also comprises a base with bearings at the side, wherein the round surface of the sagging finder clings to the side when the device is in an adjusting state, and the outer circumferential surfaces of the sagging finder clings to the outer circumferential surfaces of the two bearings.

The utility model is further improved in that the side surface of the base provided with the bearing and the round surface of the sagging finder have high flatness, smoothness and hardness, so that the light spot projected by the laser at a distance can be stabilized when the sagging finder is adjusted.

The utility model is further improved in that the flatness and the finish machining parameter are required to be determined through trigonometric function formula calculation according to the self-adjustment accuracy magnitude class requirement.

A further improvement of the utility model is that 3 screw pairs can be used instead of the positioning action of the bearing-carrying side of the base.

The utility model is further improved in that 3 screw thread pairs are contacted with the surface of the disc and 2 bearings are contacted with the outer circumferential surface of the disc during final adjustment.

A further improvement of the utility model is that the two bearings on the base can be replaced with cylindrical pins.

The utility model has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

the conventional method obtains the vertical relationship between the laser beam and the plane mirror by overlapping the round trip paths of the laser beam. The obtained vertical relationship is used for instrument calibration. This method has the following 2 main disadvantages during operation: (1) The round trip optical path is limited by the objective reality condition of the laser beam divergence angle, so that the adjustment precision is limited; (2) Because the laser and the reflector are 2 parts, the two parts are not fixedly connected by a structure, so that the vertical relationship is not easy to be transferred equivalently. The utility model overcomes the 2 defects, and improves the precision by 1 time under the condition of the same beam divergence angle; the vertical relationship is easily transferred to other devices.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for describing the theory of operation of the sag finder.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the adjusting principle of the plummet mechanism, wherein fig. 2 (a) is a front view, fig. 2 (b) is A-A view of fig. 2 (a), and fig. 2 (c) is a top view.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the matching relationship between the sagging finder and the base during adjustment.

Reference numerals illustrate:

the laser projection system comprises a 1-laser projection point D, a 2-laser projection point movement track circle, a 3-laser projection plane P, a 4-laser projection ideal line, a 5-reference plane, a 6-schematic disc circle B, a 7-laser beam A, an 8-disc, a 9-laser, a 10-fisheye bearing, an 11-spring, a 12-horizontal thread pair, a 13-vertical thread pair, a 14-base, a 15-side surface, a 16-bearing and a 17-sagging finder.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings.

The utility model discloses a sagging finder, namely an engineering realization method for realizing the height perpendicularity of a round surface and a built-in laser beam through a fine adjustment mechanism. The sag finder can provide a reference for measurement in a specific situation.

The sagging finder 17 consists of a disc 8, a fish-eye bearing 10, a laser 9, a horizontal screw pair 12, a vertical screw pair 13, a spring 11 and other parts.

The working theory basis of the sagging finder is as follows: assuming that the laser beam A7 passes through the center point of the schematic disc circle B6, on the laser projection plane P3 with the length L of the schematic disc circle B6, the intersection point of the laser beam A7 and the laser projection plane P3 is the laser projection point D1. The laser beam A7 and the schematic disc circle 6 are rotated together along the schematic disc circle 6, if the laser beam A7 is not perpendicular to the plane 5 where the schematic disc circle 6 is located, the track of the laser projection point D1 is a track circle 2, and if the laser beam A7 is perpendicular to the plane 5 where the schematic disc circle 6 is located, the track of the laser projection point D1 is a point which is only rotated and not moved, namely, the center of the track circle 2.

The working principle of the sagging finder is as follows: the disc 8 and the laser 9 beam are designed to always intersect in space, when the disc 8 rotates along the axis, if the laser 9 beam forms an included angle with the axis of the disc 8, a circle will be drawn on the far projection surface; if the laser beam overlaps the axis of the disk 8, it will only rotate and not move on the remote projection surface. The laser 9 is connected to the disk 8 by means of a fish-eye bearing 10, so that the beam of the laser 9 always intersects the axis of the disk 8 in space. The angle between the laser beam and the axis of the disc 8 is fine-tuned by two pairs of horizontal and vertical threads 12, 13 arranged in orthogonal positions, so that it is eventually perpendicular to the plane in which the disc 8 is perfectly situated.

The using method of the sagging finder comprises the following steps: fixing a base 14 with bearings and laser holes on a stationary stable table, such as an optical table; the vertical finder 17 is placed on the bearing outer ring round surface of the base 14, and the front surface of the vertical finder 17 is tightly attached to the side surface 15 of the base 14. And the plummet 17 is rotated, and two screw thread pairs on the plummet 17 are respectively adjusted according to the radius and the phase of the projection arc track of the light beam of the laser 9 arranged in the plummet 17 at a distance, so that the projection light spot of the laser beam can only rotate but not move, and the adjustment is completed. At this point, the puck 8 of the plummet is in a desired perpendicular relationship with the laser beam.

Theoretically, by increasing the distance between the plummet and the projection surface, the perpendicularity of the laser beam with the surface of the disk 8 can be infinitely increased. But this cannot be done in engineering because of the following factors: flatness and surface finish of the sagging finder disk 8, hardness of material, beam divergence angle of laser light source, attenuation of laser beam by atmosphere, fine tuning of screw pair, flatness and surface finish of mating surface of base, stability of placement of base, radial unevenness of two bearings on base, etc.

The two abutting surfaces of the disc 8 and the base 14 require a very high degree of flatness and surface finish to better improve the perpendicularity of the laser beam with the plane of the disc 8 surface.

The circular disc 8 and the laser 9 realize that the center of a circular surface and a straight line always intersect in space through the fish eye bearing 10.

The circular disc 8 and the laser 9 realize the method that the circle center of the circular surface and the straight line are always intersected in space, and under the condition of low precision requirement, softer materials such as rubber rings and the like can be used for replacing the fisheye bearing.

Because of the high flatness and finish required for the flanks 15, to reduce machining risk and machining requirements, the top ends of 3 thread pairs can be used to locate an ideal face for locating purposes.

The two bearings 16 on the base can be replaced with cylindrical pins to improve accuracy, but this increases resistance and wear of the seeker 17 as it rotates during adjustment.

While the utility model has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model and are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as claimed.

Claims (7)

1. The sagging finder (17) is characterized by comprising a disc (8), a fish-eye bearing (10), a laser (9), a spring (11), a horizontal thread pair (12) and a vertical thread pair (13);

the disc (8) is provided with a hollow cavity, two ends of the hollow cavity are open, the light beam emitting end of the laser (9) is connected with the disc (8) through a fish eye bearing (10) sleeved on the laser (9), a horizontal thread pair (12) and a vertical thread pair (13) are orthogonally arranged, the horizontal thread pair (12) and the vertical thread pair (13) are in threaded connection with the outer wall of the disc (8) along the radial direction of the disc (8), the front ends of the horizontal thread pair (12) and the vertical thread pair (13) are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the laser (9), and the position, opposite to the two thread pairs, of the tail end of the laser (9) in the circumferential direction is supported with the disc (8) through a spring (11).

2. A sagging finder according to claim 1, characterized in that the fish-eye bearing (10) enables the beam of the laser (9) to always intersect the centre of the disc (8) in space.

3. The sagging finder according to claim 1, wherein the laser (9) can realize fine adjustment of the pitch angle and yaw angle of the laser beam under the combined action of the spring force of the spring (11) and the horizontal screw pair (12) and the vertical screw pair (13).

4. A sagging finder as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a base (14) having bearings (16) provided on a side (15), wherein in the adjusted state, the circumferential surface of the sagging finder (17) is closely attached to the side (15) of the base (14), and the outer circumferential surfaces of the sagging finder (17) are closely attached to the outer circumferential surfaces of the two bearings (16).

5. A sagging finder according to claim 4, characterized in that 3 screw pairs can be used instead of the positioning action effected by the side (15) of the base (14) with the bearing (16).

6. A sagging finder according to claim 4, wherein 3 screw pairs are in contact with the surface of the disc (8) and 2 bearings (16) are in contact with the outer circumference of the disc (8) at final adjustment.

7. A sagging finder according to claim 4, characterized in that the two bearings (16) on the base (14) can be replaced with cylindrical pins.

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