CN218757701U - Gearbox mechanism and excavator - Google Patents
Gearbox mechanism and excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN218757701U CN218757701U CN202223121900.0U CN202223121900U CN218757701U CN 218757701 U CN218757701 U CN 218757701U CN 202223121900 U CN202223121900 U CN 202223121900U CN 218757701 U CN218757701 U CN 218757701U
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- brake
- clutch
- piston
- pressure ring
- friction plate
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- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a gearbox mechanism and an excavator, wherein the gearbox mechanism comprises a gear shaft, a planetary gear device is connected on the gear shaft, and the planetary gear device comprises a gear ring and a planetary frame; the periphery of the gear shaft is provided with a clutch friction plate and is connected with a clutch piston in a sliding way, the outer end of the clutch friction piston is connected with a clutch spring, and the clutch spring is compressed, so that the inner end of the clutch piston pushes the clutch friction plate to lock the gear shaft; the periphery of the clutch piston is connected with a brake piston in a sliding mode, one side of the gear ring is provided with a brake friction plate, the outer end of the brake piston is connected with a brake spring, and the brake spring is compressed so that the inner end of the brake piston pushes the brake friction plate to lock the gear ring; the locking and releasing device is used for resetting the clutch piston to release the locking of the clutch friction plate on the gear shaft or used for resetting the brake piston to release the locking of the brake friction plate on the gear ring; this application can realize quick long distance trailer.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wheeled excavator technical field, concretely relates to gearbox mechanism and excavator.
Background
The emergency braking is a braking measure taken when the normal service braking fails or the braking force is insufficient. The emergency braking of the gearbox is started when various faults are often encountered in the outdoor construction process of the wheel type excavator, the emergency braking needs to be relieved at the moment so as to facilitate the trailer, and because the brake and the clutch friction plate are relieved during the trailer, the lubricating oil pump connected with the input shaft does not work any more. Higher trailer speeds and longer trailer distances result in abnormally high temperatures in the transmission, ultimately leading to secondary failures such as bearing erosion, seal failure, and the like. Thus, the transmission supplier severely limits trailer speed (< 10 km/h) and trailer distance (< 5 km).
The unreasonable constraint not only increases the probability of secondary failure of the gearbox, but also reduces the timeliness of maintenance service, and the user experience is also worsened.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a gearbox mechanism and excavator to higher trailer speed and longer trailer distance lead to the unusual high temperature of derailleur and the problem of secondary fault among the solution prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application discloses a gearbox mechanism comprising:
the gear shaft is connected with a planetary gear device, and the planetary gear device comprises a gear ring and a planetary frame; a clutch friction plate is arranged on the periphery of the gear shaft and is connected with a clutch piston in a sliding mode, the outer end of the clutch piston is connected with a clutch spring, and the clutch spring is compressed so that the inner end of the clutch piston pushes the clutch friction plate to lock the gear shaft;
the periphery of the clutch piston is connected with a brake piston in a sliding mode, one side of the gear ring is provided with a brake friction plate, the outer end of the brake piston is connected with a brake spring, and the brake spring is compressed so that the inner end of the brake piston pushes the brake friction plate to lock the gear ring;
and the locking releasing device is used for resetting the clutch piston to release the locking of the clutch friction plate on the gear shaft or resetting the brake piston to release the locking of the brake friction plate on the gear ring.
Furthermore, the locking release device comprises a first pressure ring connected to a retaining shoulder of the brake piston, a grease flow channel is arranged between the first pressure ring and the shell, a top pin is connected in a connecting hole of the brake piston, the outer end of the top pin is positioned on the inner side of the outer end of the clutch piston, and the inner end of the top pin is positioned on the outer side of the inner end of the first pressure ring;
the first pressure ring moves to push the clutch piston to move towards the outer end through the ejector pin so as to release the locking of the clutch friction plate on the gear shaft, or the first pressure ring moves to push the brake piston to move towards the outer end so as to release the locking of the brake friction plate on the gear ring.
Further, the clearance L between the brake piston and the first pressure ring is > C1+ C2+ C3+ C4; wherein, C1 is the clearance between the clutch piston and the box body, C2 is the clearance between the knock pin and the clutch piston, C3 is the clearance between the knock pin and the brake piston, and C4 is the clearance between the clutch friction plates.
Further, the clearance between the clutch friction plates is 0.7-1.3mm.
Further, a gap P > D1+ D2+ D3+ D4 between the clutch piston and the knock pin; d1 is a gap between a brake piston and a box body, D2 is a gap between a pressure ring and the brake piston, D3 is a gap between a top pin and the pressure ring, and D4 is a gap between brake friction plates.
Further, the clearance between the friction plates of the brake is 0.7-1.3mm.
The grease pump further comprises a second pressure ring, the outer circular surface of the second pressure ring is connected with the shell, the inner circular surface of the second pressure ring is connected with the outer circular surface of the small end of the first pressure ring, and the grease flow channel is located between the first pressure ring and the second pressure ring.
Furthermore, the grease flow passage is communicated with a grease nipple on the shell.
Furthermore, the outer end of the clutch spring and the outer end of the brake spring are both connected with an end cover on the shell.
In a second aspect, the invention discloses an excavator, which comprises the gearbox mechanism of any one of the first aspect.
According to the above technical scheme, the embodiment of the utility model has following effect at least: the locking of clutch friction disc to the gear shaft can be relieved to the locking relieving attachment in this application gearbox mechanism to through the stopper friction disc to the ring gear locking, or relieve the locking of stopper friction disc to the ring gear, and through the clutch friction disc to the gear shaft locking, the trailer in-process is guaranteed to have a set of friction disc to combine, a set of friction disc disengages, guarantee that the input shaft has stable rotational speed input, guarantee the normal work of lubricating-oil pump, the bearing, the gear is lubricated, can realize quick long distance trailer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a conventional transmission mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram comparing the structure of the brake piston of the present invention with the prior art;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the fit conditions achievable by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a clutch piston according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a partial schematic view of an assembly of a transmission mechanism according to various embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of matching conditions that can be achieved in various embodiments of the present application.
Wherein: 1. a clutch spring; 2. a clutch piston; 3. a brake piston; 4. a brake spring; 5. a knock pin; 6. a first pressure ring; 7. a second pressure ring; 8. a clutch friction plate; 9. a grease nipple; 10. a brake friction plate; 11. a gear shaft; 12. a ring gear; 13. a planetary frame; 14. an oil pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to the following embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, the term "inner end" of the component refers to the right direction of the drawing, and the term "outer end" of the component refers to the left direction of the drawing. Similarly, the "inner" and "inner" side of a component are the right side and the "outer" and "outer" side of the component are the left side. The orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Interpretation of related terms, emergency braking: and (4) taking braking measures when the normal service braking fails or the braking force is insufficient. The emergency brake of the 15-ton 21-ton wheel type excavator is provided by the gearbox, after the emergency brake is started, the gearbox brake and the clutch friction plate are locked, the transmission mechanism of the gearbox is locked, and no power is output.
In the conventional transmission structure, after the emergency brake device is released, the clutch friction plate 8 and the brake friction plate 10 are both disengaged, and at the moment, the planetary gear mechanism is a two-degree-of-freedom mechanism. In the process of towing, power is input to the planetary frame 13 from wheels, one end of the gear shaft 11 is connected with the lubricating oil pump, the other end of the gear shaft is connected with the traveling motor, and the resistance to the traveling motor is larger than the resistance to the gear ring 12, so that the gear shaft 11 does not rotate, the lubricating oil pump 14 does not work, the bearing is in a dry friction stage, the gearbox is easy to be at high temperature, the high temperature can cause the sealing element to lose efficacy, and the bearing can be ablated and other secondary faults. The towing speed and the towing distance are severely constrained.
Based on the defects of the conventional gearbox structure, the application designs a scheme of disengaging the clutch friction plate 8 and the brake friction plate 10, namely, the clutch piston 2 is reset through a locking release device so as to release the locking of the clutch friction plate 8 on the gear shaft 11. Or the brake piston 3 is reset by the lock release means to release the lock of the ring gear 12 by the brake piston 3.
The design ensures that a group of friction plates are combined and separated in the process of towing, so that the input shaft is ensured to have stable rotating speed input, and the normal work of the lubricating oil pump is ensured.
The present application is illustrated below by means of different examples.
Example 1
This embodiment is described in detail with the clutch disk 8 disengaged and the brake disk 10 engaged.
A gearbox mechanism comprises a gear shaft 11, wherein a planetary gear device is connected to the gear shaft 11 and comprises a gear ring 12 and a planetary frame 13; the periphery of the gear shaft 11 is provided with a clutch friction plate 8 and is connected with a clutch piston 2 in a sliding way, the outer end of the clutch piston 2 is connected with a clutch spring 1, and the clutch spring 1 is compressed, so that the inner end of the clutch piston 2 pushes the clutch friction plate 8 to lock the gear shaft 11; the periphery of the clutch piston 2 is connected with a brake piston 3 in a sliding mode, one side of the gear ring 12 is provided with a brake friction plate 10, the outer end of the brake piston 3 is connected with a brake spring 4, and the brake spring 4 is compressed, so that the inner end of the brake piston 3 pushes the brake friction plate 10 to lock the gear ring 12.
The right sides of the clutch spring 1 and the brake spring 4 are both connected with the shell, and the gear shaft 11 is also connected with an oil pump 14.
The locking release device comprises a first pressure ring 6 connected to the shoulder of the brake piston 3, a grease nipple 9 is arranged between the first pressure ring 6 and the shell, a top pin 5 is also connected in a connecting hole of the brake piston 3, the outer end of the top pin 5 is positioned on the inner side of the outer end of the clutch piston 2, and the inner end of the top pin is positioned on the outer side of the inner end of the first pressure ring 6; the first pressure ring 6 moves to push the clutch piston 2 to move toward the outer end by the knock pin 5 to release the lock of the clutch disk 8 to the gear shaft 11.
Further, the clearance L between the brake piston 3 and the first pressure ring 6 is > C1+ C2+ C3+ C4; wherein, C1 is the clearance between the clutch piston and the box body, C2 is the clearance between the ejector pin and the clutch piston, C3 is the clearance between the ejector pin and the brake piston, and C4 is the clearance between the clutch friction plates. The clearance between the friction plates of the clutch is 0.7-1.3mm.
When the emergency brake is started, no hydraulic oil enters the piston cavity, the clutch spring 1 pushes the clutch piston 2 to press the clutch friction plate 8, the brake spring 4 pushes the brake piston 3 to press the brake friction plate 10, and the transmission mechanism of the gearbox is locked.
When the emergency braking of the conventional gearbox mechanism is released, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, grease is injected through a grease nipple 9, the grease pushes a first pressure ring 6 of the emergency mechanism, the first pressure ring 6 of the emergency mechanism pushes a brake piston 3 and a top pin 5, the brake piston 3 and the top pin 5 push a brake spring 4 and a clutch piston 2 respectively, and the braking is released. In the conventional scheme, the clutch friction plate 8 and the brake friction plate 10 are disengaged, the gearbox is easy to be heated, and the dragging speed and the dragging distance are severely restricted.
In this application the outer circular surface of the second pressure ring 7 is connected to the housing and the inner circular surface is connected to the outer circular surface of the small end of the first pressure ring. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the right end of the first pressure ring 6 is a small end, the left end is a large end, the left end of the outer circular surface of the second pressure ring 7 is provided with a notch, the grease flow channel is located between the notches of the first pressure ring 6 and the second pressure ring 7, and the grease flow channel is communicated with the grease nipple 9 on the housing. To push the first pressure ring 6 to move to the left by the grease injection through the grease nipple.
In this application, the left end of clutch spring 1 and the left end of brake spring 4 all are connected with the end cover on the casing to realize the installation of clutch spring 1 and brake spring 4.
In the application, the emergency braking is released as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the grease pushes the first pressure ring 6 of the emergency mechanism, because the shoulder of the brake piston 3 is shortened by Δ L, and the specific range L is limited to be larger than C1+ C2+ C3+ C4, the first pressure ring 6 of the emergency mechanism can only push the ejector pin 5, the ejector pin 5 pushes the clutch piston 2, and the clutch piston 2 compresses the clutch spring 1. At this time, the first emergency pressure ring 6 is not yet in contact with the brake piston 3, so the brake lining is locked, i.e., the planetary gear 12 is fixed. The clutch disk is disengaged, i.e. the gear shaft 11 is free. The planetary mechanism is input to the planetary frame 13 and output from the gear shaft 11. The gear shaft drives the lubricating oil pump 14 to work, and the bearing and the gear are lubricated, so that the rapid and long-distance trailer can be realized.
After the trouble was solved, need discharge the butter, control this moment, hydraulic oil gets into between stopper piston 3 and the first pressure ring 6 of emergency mechanism, discharges the butter by the oil duct. And the emergency braking mechanism recovers.
Through the arrangement, the abnormal high temperature and secondary fault of the gearbox caused by the trailer are avoided; the dragging speed and the dragging distance are effectively increased, the service timeliness is improved, and the experience of customers is improved; and the service cost is favorably reduced.
Example 2
This embodiment specifically describes the case where the clutch disk 8 is locked in engagement and the brake disk 10 is disengaged.
A gearbox mechanism comprises a gear shaft 11, wherein a planetary gear device is connected to the gear shaft 11 and comprises a gear ring 12 and a planetary frame 13; the periphery of the gear shaft 11 is provided with a clutch friction plate 8 and is connected with a clutch piston 2 in a sliding way, the outer end of the clutch piston 2 is connected with a clutch spring 1, and the clutch spring 1 is compressed, so that the inner end of the clutch piston 2 pushes the clutch friction plate 8 to lock the gear shaft 11; the periphery of the clutch piston 2 is connected with a brake piston 3 in a sliding mode, one side of the gear ring 12 is provided with a brake friction plate 10, the outer end of the brake piston 3 is connected with a brake spring 4, and the brake spring 4 is compressed, so that the inner end of the brake piston 3 pushes the brake friction plate 10 to lock the gear ring 12.
The right sides of the clutch spring 1 and the brake spring 4 are both connected with the shell, and an oil pump 14 is also connected to the gear shaft 11.
The locking release device comprises a first pressure ring 6 connected to the shoulder of the brake piston 3, a grease nozzle 9 is arranged between the first pressure ring 6 and the shell, a top pin 5 is also connected in the connecting hole of the brake piston 3, the outer end of the top pin 5 is positioned on the inner side of the outer end of the clutch piston 2, and the inner end of the top pin is positioned on the outer side of the inner end of the first pressure ring 6; the first pressure ring 6 moves to push the brake piston 3 to move towards the outer end to release the brake lining 10 from locking the ring gear 12.
Further, the height of the rack on the joint surface of the clutch piston and the ejector pin is reduced by delta P, and the gap P between the clutch piston 2 and the ejector pin 5 is more than D1+ D2+ D3+ D4; d1 is a gap between a brake piston and a box body, D2 is a gap between a pressure ring and the brake piston, D3 is a gap between a top pin and the pressure ring, and D4 is a gap between brake friction plates. The clearance between the friction plates of the brake is 0.7-1.3mm.
When the emergency brake is started, no hydraulic oil enters the piston cavity, the clutch spring 1 pushes the clutch piston 2 to press the clutch friction plate 8, the brake spring 4 pushes the brake piston 3 to press the brake friction plate 10, and the transmission mechanism of the gearbox is locked.
When the emergency braking of the conventional gearbox mechanism is released, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, grease is injected through a grease nipple 9, the grease pushes a first pressure ring 6 of the emergency mechanism, the first pressure ring 6 of the emergency mechanism pushes a brake piston 3 and a top pin 5, the brake piston 3 and the top pin 5 push a brake spring 4 and a clutch piston 2 respectively, and the braking is released. In the conventional scheme, the clutch friction plate 8 and the brake friction plate 10 are disengaged, the gearbox is easy to be heated, and the dragging speed and the dragging distance are severely restricted.
In this application, emergency braking is relieved and is seen in fig. 8, 9, and grease promotes emergency mechanism first pressure ring 6, because clutch piston 2 keeps off the shoulder and shortens delta P to inject specific scope P > D1+ D2+ D3+ D4, emergency mechanism first pressure ring 6 can only promote brake piston 3, and brake piston 2 compresses brake spring 4. At this point, the pin 5 has not yet contacted the clutch piston 2, so the brake linings are disengaged, i.e. the planetary gear ring 12 is free. The clutch disk locks, i.e. the gear shaft 11 is fixedly connected with the gear ring 12. The planetary mechanism is input by the planetary frame 13, and the ring gear shaft 11 is output. The gear shaft drives the lubricating oil pump 14 to work, and the bearing and the gear are lubricated, so that the rapid and long-distance trailer can be realized.
After the trouble was solved, need discharge the butter, control this moment, hydraulic oil gets into between stopper piston 3 and the first pressure ring 6 of emergency mechanism, discharges the butter by the oil duct. And the emergency braking mechanism recovers.
Example 3
This embodiment provides an excavator that can realize a quick and long-distance trailer using the transmission cases of embodiments 1 and 2.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of the invention or which are equivalent to the scope of the invention are embraced by the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A transmission mechanism, comprising:
a gear shaft (11), wherein a planetary gear device is connected to the gear shaft (11), and the planetary gear device comprises a gear ring (12) and a planetary frame (13); a clutch friction plate (8) is arranged on the periphery of the gear shaft (11) and is connected with a clutch piston (2) in a sliding mode, the outer end of the clutch piston (2) is connected with a clutch spring (1), and the clutch spring (1) is compressed so that the inner end of the clutch piston (2) pushes the clutch friction plate (8) to lock the gear shaft (11);
the brake piston (3) is connected to the periphery of the clutch piston (2) in a sliding mode, a brake friction plate (10) is arranged on one side of the gear ring (12), the outer end of the brake piston (3) is connected with a brake spring (4), and the brake spring (4) is compressed, so that the inner end of the brake piston (3) pushes the brake friction plate (10) to lock the gear ring (12);
and a lock release device for resetting the clutch piston (2) to release the lock of the clutch friction plate (8) on the gear shaft (11), or for resetting the brake piston (3) to release the lock of the brake friction plate (10) on the gear ring (12).
2. The gearbox mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the lock release device comprises a first pressure ring (6) connected to the stop shoulder of the brake piston (3), a grease flow channel is arranged between the first pressure ring (6) and the housing, a knock pin (5) is further connected in the connecting hole of the brake piston (3), the outer end of the knock pin (5) is located inside the outer end of the clutch piston (2), and the inner end is located outside the inner end of the first pressure ring (6);
the first pressure ring (6) moves to push the clutch piston (2) to move towards the outer end through the ejector pin (5) so as to release the locking of the clutch friction plate (8) to the gear shaft (11), or the first pressure ring (6) moves to push the brake piston (3) to move towards the outer end so as to release the locking of the brake friction plate (10) to the gear ring (12).
3. A gearbox mechanism according to claim 2, characterised in that the clearance L > C1+ C2+ C3+ C4 between the brake piston (3) and the first pressure ring (6); wherein, C1 is the clearance between the clutch piston and the box body, C2 is the clearance between the knock pin and the clutch piston, C3 is the clearance between the knock pin and the brake piston, and C4 is the clearance between the clutch friction plates.
4. A gearbox arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that the gap between the clutch plates (8) is 0.7-1.3mm.
5. A gearbox mechanism according to claim 2, characterised in that the clearance P > D1+ D2+ D3+ D4 between the clutch piston (2) and the knock pin (5); d1 is a gap between a brake piston and a box body, D2 is a gap between a pressure ring and the brake piston, D3 is a gap between a top pin and the pressure ring, and D4 is a gap between brake friction plates.
6. A gearbox arrangement according to claim 5, characterised in that the clearance between the brake pads (10) is 0.7-1.3mm.
7. A gearbox mechanism according to claim 2, characterised by a second pressure ring (7), the outer circular surface of the second pressure ring (7) being connected to the housing and the inner circular surface being connected to the outer circular surface of the small end of the first pressure ring (6), the butter flow passage being located between the first pressure ring (6) and the second pressure ring (7).
8. A gearbox mechanism according to claim 7, characterised in that the butter flow passage is in communication with a grease nipple (9) on the housing.
9. A gearbox mechanism according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer ends of the clutch spring (1) and the brake spring (4) are connected to end caps on the housing.
10. An excavator comprising a gearbox mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223121900.0U CN218757701U (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Gearbox mechanism and excavator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223121900.0U CN218757701U (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Gearbox mechanism and excavator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218757701U true CN218757701U (en) | 2023-03-28 |
Family
ID=85676862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223121900.0U Active CN218757701U (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Gearbox mechanism and excavator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218757701U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-24 CN CN202223121900.0U patent/CN218757701U/en active Active
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