CN218414783U

CN218414783U - Lithium ion battery protector

Info

Publication number: CN218414783U
Application number: CN202223469117.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马冠香; 徐靖; 江城; 陈柏林
Original assignee: Beijing Qingguan Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingguan Nano Technology (Jiangsu) Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2022-12-26
Filing date: 2022-12-26
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-26

Abstract

The utility model provides a lithium ion battery protection device, which comprises a protection device main body part and a protection device cover, wherein the protection device main body part comprises the following components of an integral protection shell, a battery core cavity, a battery core heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer, a single battery core protection shell and a heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity; the integral protective shell and the single battery cell protective shell are fixedly connected on two bottom surfaces in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the battery cell. The utility model discloses a two thermal-insulated fire-retardant structures that thermal-insulated fire-retardant coating and thermal-insulated fire-retardant cavity of battery core are constituteed have excellent thermal-insulated fire-retardant protecting effect, can take place the thermal runaway consequence control that produces when burning or exploding battery cell or group battery effectively at suitable within range.

Description

Lithium ion battery protector

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a thermal-insulated protection technical field, concretely relates to lithium ion battery protector.

Background

The lithium ion battery is the most widely used battery at present, and can be used for power supply of small electronic equipment such as mobile phones and various large mechanical equipment of electric automobiles. However, the most significant disadvantage of the lithium ion battery is that the solvent of the electrolyte is generally an organic solvent, and when the organic solvent meets air, the problems of flammability, explosiveness and the like occur. The lithium ion battery may cause the property loss of people, and even may cause a serious threat to people's life when it is serious. Particularly, a large number of lithium ion battery cells are needed to form a battery pack for a power battery of an electric vehicle, once one of the battery cells is burnt or exploded, the heat generated by the battery cell is easy to cause the burning or explosion of the adjacent battery cell, so that the power battery of the whole electric vehicle is exploded, and finally serious consequences of vehicle damage and human death can occur. Therefore, before the advent of safer electrolyte solvents, it was imperative to design an effective thermal barrier to prevent the conduction of heat between individual lithium ion battery cells and other cells, and from the surrounding environment, and to minimize the risk of combustion or explosion of one of the cells in a lithium ion battery pack.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a lithium ion battery protection device, which comprises a protection device main body part and a protection device cover;

the guard body portion, further comprising the following components:

an integral protective housing located outside of the guard body portion;

the battery core cavity is positioned inside the main body part of the protection device and used for placing a battery core;

the battery core heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer is coated on the inner surface of the battery core cavity;

the single battery core protective shell is positioned at the periphery of the battery core heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer;

the heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity is positioned between the integral protective shell and the battery core heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer;

the integral protective shell and the single battery cell protective shell are fixedly connected with each other on two bottom surfaces in the direction perpendicular to the center axis of the battery cell.

The integral protective shell is used for protecting the battery pack inside the integral protective shell and providing physical support for the battery pack so as to prevent the battery pack from being damaged by the outside; the material used in the method is a material which has certain tensile and compressive strength, is easy to form, and is not easy to burn or melt at high temperature, and the material comprises but is not limited to various plastic or metal materials meeting the above conditions. Meanwhile, the integral protective casing also needs to meet the requirements of water resistance, impact resistance and the like so as to protect each component inside the integral protective casing and the battery core or the battery pack from being damaged.

The integral protective shell material is preferably thermosetting plastic doped with carbon fiber woven mesh or a titanium alloy material. The strength of the protective shell can be enhanced by the carbon fiber woven mesh in the thermosetting plastic, and the damage to the outside when the battery cell burns or explodes is limited. The titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength, high heat resistance and the like, can protect the internal battery core, and can limit the damage to the outside when the battery core is burnt or exploded.

The heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity is a cavity between the integral protection shell and the heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer of the battery core. The heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity is filled with a heat-insulation flame-retardant material and used for preventing heat from being conducted to the outside and limiting combustion in the battery cell when the battery cell burns.

The heat-insulating flame-retardant material is preferably silica aerogel material particles or ceramic fiber particles and the like.

The battery core heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer is made of a heat-insulating material which can be made into a sheet or film appearance, and preferably made of a silicon dioxide aerogel heat-insulating felt, a ceramic fiber aerogel heat-insulating mat or a ceramic fiber fabric.

Furthermore, the battery core heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer is coated on the periphery of each single battery core in the battery pack and used for preventing heat generated when the single battery cores are burnt or exploded from being conducted to other battery cores and the peripheral environment.

The single cell protective shell is used for protecting the single cell from being damaged by external force and providing physical support for the single cell. The single battery core cavity is positioned in the single battery core protective shell and the battery core heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer and is used for placing a single battery core; the number of the single battery cell cavities is determined according to the number of battery cells which are actually required to be placed in the battery pack.

Furthermore, lead leading-out holes are formed in the integral protective shell, the single battery cell protective shell and the battery cell heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer. The hole is used for leading out a battery cell connecting lead wire positioned in the single battery cell protective shell to the outside of the protective device; the holes are sealed with a non-flammable rubber material under normal use conditions.

Furthermore, the lithium ion battery thermal runaway protector also comprises a battery pack heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer which is coated on the common periphery of all battery cell heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layers.

The protector cover is used for sealing the battery core, the heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer of the battery core and the heat-insulation flame-retardant material filled in the heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity inside the whole protector, and together with the whole protective shell of the main body part of the protector, the battery pack inside the protector is protected, and the physical support is provided for the battery pack, so that the battery pack is prevented from being damaged by the outside.

The surface of the protective device cover combined with the protective device main body part is provided with a heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity, a single battery cell protection shell, a battery cell cavity and other components which are complementary in structure, so that the protective device cover is tightly combined with the protective device main body part and the components thereof to seal each battery cell cavity and the heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity and protect the internal components thereof.

Furthermore, the main body part of the protection device and the protection device cover are both provided with enough number of bolt connecting holes, the bolt connecting holes penetrate through the protection device, and the bolt connecting holes formed in the main body part of the protection device correspond to the bolt connecting holes formed in the protection device cover one to one. The bolt connection hole is used for connecting the protector main body part and the protector cover through a bolt and a nut.

Advantageous effects

The utility model discloses a two thermal-insulated fire-retardant structures that thermal-insulated fire-retardant coating and thermal-insulated fire-retardant cavity are constituteed of battery cell have excellent thermal-insulated flame retardant efficiency, control the thermal runaway consequence that produces when taking place burning or explosion with battery cell or group battery effectively at suitable within range. Furthermore, the utility model discloses can make the danger that lithium ion battery burning or explosion produced effectively fall to minimumly, before safer electrolyte solvent appears, provide a solution and thinking for lithium ion battery ground burning and explosion problem.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a body portion of a shield apparatus according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a cover of the guard of an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a body portion of the guard according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic side view of the section A-A of the guard according to the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the embodiment of the shield apparatus taken along the line B-B;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the embodiment of the shield apparatus taken along the line C-C;

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a cross-section D-D of the shield apparatus according to the embodiment.

Description of reference numerals: 1. an integral protective housing; 2. a heat-insulating flame-retardant cavity; 3. a single cell core protective case; 4. the battery core is provided with a heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer; 5. a battery core cavity; 6. lead leading-out holes positioned on the single cell protective shell and the cell heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer; 7. and a lead leading-out hole 8 and a bolt connecting hole which are positioned on the integral protective shell.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and any equivalent alternatives that do not produce inventive faculty fall within the scope of the invention disclosed and claimed in this application.

Examples

The lithium ion battery protection device in the embodiment is used for a battery pack consisting of 6 battery cells, and comprises a main body part (figure 1) of the protection device and a cover (figure 2) of the protection device. Wherein, the main part includes the following subassembly: an integral protective housing 1; the heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity 2 is used for filling a flame-retardant material into the heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity; a single cell core protective case 3; a battery core heat insulation flame-retardant coating layer 4; the battery core cavity 5 is used for placing a battery core; the lead leading-out hole 6 is positioned on the single battery cell protective shell and the battery cell heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer and is used for leading out a single battery cell lead from the battery cell cavity; a lead wire outlet hole 7 on the integral protective case, through which a battery cell connecting lead wire in the battery pack is connected with the outside; bolt attachment holes 8 are provided in the body portion of the guard and the cover of the guard for bolting the body portion and the cover together. The integral protective casing 1 and the single cell protective casing 3 are fixedly connected with each other on two bottom surfaces (namely the front surface and the back surface shown in the schematic diagram of the embodiment) in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the cell, and the connection can be realized by means of integral forming, welding, rivets and the like; and the periphery of the battery core cavity 5 is provided with a heat-insulating flame-retardant cavity 2. The battery core heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer 4 divided into six independent units respectively wraps 6 battery cores and is used for thermally isolating the battery cores which generate heat or burn with other battery cores and the outside, controlling the temperature or fire of the battery cores inside the battery core heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer 4 and preventing heat or fire from being conducted or spreading to other battery cores or the outside. The flame-retardant material is filled in the heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity 2 and is used for further isolating the heat generated by each battery cell from each other and preventing the heat from being out of control; and when a fire disaster happens in the battery, heat is prevented from being transferred to the outside, and the safety of external devices, equipment and personnel is protected. The lid of the main body portion is provided with projections and recesses which are structurally complementary to the main body portion and its internal components, so that when the lid of the main body portion is closed, the lid can better enclose the main body portion heat-insulating flame-retardant cavity 2 and the battery cell cavity 5, and better protect the battery cell together with the main body portion.

Claims

1. A lithium ion battery guard, comprising a guard body portion and a guard cover, the guard body portion comprising the following components:

an integral protective housing located outside of the guard body portion;

the single battery core protective shell is positioned at the periphery of the heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer of the battery core;

the heat-insulation flame-retardant cavity is positioned between the integral protection shell and the heat-insulation flame-retardant coating layer of the battery core;

2. The shielding device of claim 1, wherein the thermally insulated flame retardant cavity is internally filled with a thermally insulated flame retardant material.

3. The shielding device of claim 2, wherein the thermally insulating and flame retardant material is silica aerogel material particles or ceramic fiber particles.

4. The protective device of claim 1, wherein the material used for the integral protective shell is a thermosetting plastic with a carbon fiber woven mesh doped inside, or a titanium alloy material.

5. The shielding device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the battery core heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer is a silica aerogel heat-insulating felt, a ceramic fiber aerogel cushion or a ceramic fiber fabric.

6. The protective device according to claim 1, wherein the integral protective casing, the single cell protective casing and the cell heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer are provided with lead wire leading-out holes.

7. Guard means according to claim 6 characterised in that the wire exit aperture is sealed with a rubber material under normal use conditions.

8. The protective device according to claim 1, further comprising a battery pack heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layer surrounding all of the battery cell heat-insulating flame-retardant coating layers.

9. Guard means according to claim 1 characterised in that the surface of the guard cover to which the guard body portion is joined is provided with protrusions and recesses which are structurally complementary to the components of the guard body portion.

10. The protection device according to claim 1, wherein bolt connection holes are formed in both the main body portion of the protection device and the protection device cover, the bolt connection holes penetrate through the protection device, and the bolt connection holes formed in the main body portion of the protection device correspond to the bolt connection holes formed in the protection device cover in a one-to-one manner.