CN218349189U - Cupola furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a cupola, which comprises a feeding system, a storage preheating system, a melting system, a combustion system and a discharging system which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, wherein a heat preservation system is arranged outside the combustion system and the storage preheating system, and a cooling system is arranged outside the heat preservation system; a hollow supporting part for bearing is arranged between the storage preheating system and the melting system, and a flow guide supporting part is arranged between the melting system and the combustion system. The utility model discloses a to preheat and melt the subregion, make at cupola furnace working process, the material can be earlier through preheating the region again through melting the region, realize intensification step by step of material, this has just avoided the material to melt softly because directly stand high temperature, and produce the soft zone of melting under upper portion material action of gravity, and then the condition that hinders burning flue gas exhaust furnace body takes place, thereby also ensured that the flue gas can be through the even unblocked discharge of material, and then reached the increase of production, the effect of the energy can be saved.

Description

Cupola furnace

Technical Field

The utility model provides a be applied to the equipment in fields such as production heat preservation cotton, casting, smelting, in particular to gas or fuel cupola.

Background

Traditional cupola furnaces, blast furnaces, shaft furnaces, etc. use coke as fuel, the coke is mixed with the material being melted, and air enters the cupola furnace to chemically react with the coke to provide heat for melting the material. But the quantity of the liquid phase of the material is increased along with the rise of the temperature, and the material begins to deform, shrink and soften under the load condition after the temperature is raised to a certain temperature; if the temperature is continuously increased, the material can be continuously softened and shrunk until the material is melted and dropped. However, during the process of melting the materials, the materials are molten and dropped from softening, and a reflow strip is formed in the furnace. However, the air permeability in the reflow zone is poor, and the exhaust of the furnace exhaust gas is seriously hindered.

In the traditional cupola furnace using coke as fuel, the main component of the coke is carbon, the melting point of the carbon is higher and can reach 3500 ℃, so in production, the carbon can play a role in supporting aggregate for materials and improve the air permeability of the materials.

However, as the national requirements for atmospheric environment treatment become more and more strict, it is necessary to find a cupola furnace which can use clean energy such as fuel oil or gas as fuel. The reason why fuel oil (such as coal tar, residual oil, heavy diesel oil, etc.) or fuel gas (such as natural gas, ethane, propane, coke oven gas, etc.) is limited to be used in smelting furnaces such as cupola furnaces, shaft furnaces, blast furnaces, etc. at present is that: the problem of the reflow tape cannot be solved well.

When traditional fuel oil (such as coal tar, residual oil, heavy diesel oil and the like) or fuel gas (such as natural gas, ethane, propane, coke oven gas and the like) is used as fuel in cupola furnaces, shaft furnaces, blast furnaces and the like, a method for solving the problem of the soft melting zone is generally to add temperature-resistant spheres such as alumina zirconia and the like into the melted materials to be used as supporting aggregates to increase air permeability. The method can be used in materials which are melted at low temperature (lower than 1400 ℃), but when acidic materials are melted, the materials have high corrosion or scouring on spheres such as alumina, zirconia and the like, operators are required to intermittently add the aggregates, the aggregates become consumables, and the corroded aggregates pollute the melted materials. Furthermore, for materials to be melted having a melting point above 1500 ℃, the method of adding aggregate is not applicable at all.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For the above reasons, the problem of the reflow zone is not solved well, so that the wide application of clean energy such as fuel oil or gas in smelting and melting furnaces such as cupola furnaces, blast furnaces and shaft furnaces is limited.

Therefore, the utility model provides a cupola furnace, its improvement part lies in: the cupola furnace comprises a feeding system, a storage preheating system, a melting system, a combustion system and a discharging system which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a heat insulation system is arranged around the combustion system and the outer side of the storage preheating system, and a cooling system is arranged on the outer side of the heat insulation system; the material preheating system is characterized in that a hollow supporting part for bearing is arranged between the material preheating system and the melting system, materials in the material preheating system can pass through the hollow supporting part and a gap between the side walls of the material preheating system uniformly falls into the melting system, and a flow guide supporting part is arranged between the melting system and the combustion system.

Further, charging system includes by last loading hopper and the guide feed bin that sets gradually under to, the storage system of preheating includes storage preheating bin, it is including melting the storehouse to melt the system, combustion system includes combustion chamber and evenly distributed in the combustor of the combustion chamber outside, the fretwork supporting part is used for the intercommunication storage preheating bin with melt the storehouse, the water conservancy diversion supporting part is used for the intercommunication melt the storehouse with the combustion chamber.

Furthermore, the hollow-out supporting part is of a strip-shaped structure which is integrally formed or uniformly distributed with hollows.

Further, the fretwork supporting part includes a plurality of support pieces, each all be formed with the fretwork between the support piece, support piece is used for supporting the material in the storage preheating bin, makes flue gas in the combustion chamber can be passed through the fretwork and give the material evenly preheats.

Further, the supporting piece is strip-shaped.

Further, the water conservancy diversion supporting part includes a plurality of water conservancy diversion pieces, each all be formed with the clearance between the water conservancy diversion piece, the water conservancy diversion piece with the fretwork corresponds perpendicularly, the water conservancy diversion piece is used for accepting via the material that falls after the storage preheats the storehouse and preheats.

Furthermore, the outer wall of the flow guide part is provided with an arc surface for dropping easily-melted materials.

Further, the flow guide piece is strip-shaped.

Furthermore, the combustor comprises an air windbox, an oxygen ring pipe and a fuel ring pipe, wherein a control system is arranged on the combustor and used for adjusting the air inflow of the air windbox, the oxygen inlet amount of the oxygen ring pipe and the fuel supply amount of the fuel ring pipe, and further controlling the temperature of the combustion chamber.

Further, the lower part of the combustion chamber is provided with a storage chamber, the bottom of the storage chamber is provided with a discharge hole, and the cupola furnace is also provided with a tail gas treatment system for treating tail gas.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model discloses a with preheating and melting subregion of material, the mode adopts to preheat at the storage and is equipped with the fretwork supporting part that is used for the bearing between the system and the system of melting for material in the storage system of preheating can evenly fall into the system of melting via the space between fretwork supporting part and the storage system of preheating lateral wall, and it has accomplished abundant preheating in the storage system of preheating before the material falls into the system of melting. Be equipped with the water conservancy diversion supporting part between melting system and combustion system, make at cupola furnace working process, the material can melt the drippage after fully preheating again, this has just avoided the material in the storage preheating bin because be heated and soften, and produce the soft zone of melting under its upper portion material action of gravity, and then the condition that hinders burning flue gas exhaust furnace body takes place, thereby also ensured that the interior high temperature flue gas of combustion chamber can be through the even material of giving in the storage preheating bin of fretwork department of fretwork supporting part preheat the back and discharge again, and then reached the increase of production, the effect of the energy can be saved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the cupola furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the hollow supporting part of the cupola furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another hollow supporting part of the cupola furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the hollow support portion shown in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a front view of the support portion of fig. 4.

Reference numerals are as follows:

001-a hopper; 002-material guiding bin; 003-storing and preheating bins; 004-hollowing out the supporting part; 005-air bellows; 006-fuel ring pipe; 007-oxygen ring pipe; 008-a burner; 009-a melting bin; 010-a flow guide support; 011-a discharge port; 012-a combustion chamber; 013-heat preservation burner block; 014-insulating brick; 015-flue gas discharge pipe; 016-a first cooling water jacket; 017-a second cooling water jacket; 018-cooling water inlet; 019-connecting flanges; 020-upper manhole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, and not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present invention encompass such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

One or more examples of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

The utility model provides a fuel (such as coal tar, residual oil, heavy diesel oil and the like) or fuel gas (such as natural gas, ethane, propane, coke oven gas and the like) and the like with heat value exceeding 4000Kcal/Nm ³ The cupola furnace for providing heat value to melt materials realizes energy conservation and environmental protection, and simultaneously, through the improvement of the cupola furnace body, the preheating and melting of the materials are divided into regions, namely, the materials can be realized in the cupola furnace: preheating-dropping-melting-dropping preheating-melting mode solves the problems that in the prior art, materials can not drop in time after being directly heated by high-temperature gas in a combustion system, and then are directly melted and generate a soft melting zone under the action of gravity of the upper materials, so that the heat utilization rate is low and the yield is low.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-2, the cupola furnace provided by the utility model mainly adopts clean energy such as fuel oil or fuel gas as fuel and comprises a charging system, a storage preheating system, a melting system, a combustion system and a discharging system which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. And a heat insulation system is further arranged on the outer sides of the surrounding combustion system and the storage preheating system, and a cooling system is further arranged on the outer side of the heat insulation system. In order to avoid the material to produce the soft zone of melting when melting in the cupola furnace, the utility model provides a cupola furnace still is provided with fretwork supporting part 004 and water conservancy diversion supporting part 010. This fretwork supporting part 004 is located between storage preheating system and the melting system to as the bottom of storage preheating system, be used for bearing the weight of the interior material of storage preheating system. High-temperature flue gas that combustion system produced gets into the storage system of preheating behind the melting system, and high-temperature flue gas can be dispersed through the fretwork department of fretwork supporting part 004 promptly and get into the material in the storage system of preheating, because the fretwork portion dispersion of fretwork supporting part 004 is equipped with a plurality ofly, high-temperature flue gas can be almost even disperse and get into in the upper portion material. And because be formed with the material of being convenient for between the inside wall of this fretwork supporting part 004 and storage system of preheating and drop the clearance in the lower part system of melting, because upper portion material can slowly even drop downwards, this has guaranteed that the material in the storage system of preheating can not be because after contacting with high temperature flue gas, because material self weight constantly piles up and produce the reflow zone, do not have the reflow zone to produce, then the upper portion material dispersion that high temperature flue gas can be even, high temperature flue gas is after the material in the storage system of preheating is completely through the release heat, can be via the discharge of flue gas pipe 015 discharge, the overwhelming majority heat of high temperature flue gas has been absorbed by the material this moment, the preheating of material has been realized. After the material is filled in the material storage preheating system, most of the material on the hollowed-out supporting part 004 can be kept not to fall off due to the support of the hollowed-out supporting part 004, but the material in the gap between the edge of the hollowed-out supporting part 004 and the inner side wall of the material storage preheating system can be under the action of gravity, the material uniformly slides into the melting system at the lower part along the inner side wall of the material storage preheating system (the material is preheated in the material storage preheating system at the moment), the material falling into the melting system after preheating is heated again in the melting bin to be melted externally, the material which is molten or melted at the moment can be contacted with the diversion supporting part 010 arranged at the bottom of the melting system, and the material is further heated and melted on the diversion supporting part 010 until the material falls into the material storage chamber at the lower part along the outer wall of the diversion supporting part 010, so that the preheating and the melting of the material are divided.

Referring to fig. 2, the charging system comprises a charging hopper 001 and a material guiding bin 002 which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, the storage preheating system comprises a storage preheating bin 003, the melting system comprises a melting bin 009, and the combustion system comprises a combustion chamber 012 and burners 008 which are uniformly distributed outside the combustion chamber 012. The heat insulation system comprises a heat insulation burner brick 013 and a heat insulation brick 014 which are arranged around the lower part of the furnace body and used for insulating the lower part of the furnace body. Hopper 001 bottom and guide storehouse 002 top intercommunication, through fretwork supporting part 004 intercommunication between storage preheating storehouse 003 bottom and the melting storehouse 009 top, melt storehouse 009 bottom and combustion chamber 012 top and pass through water conservancy diversion supporting part 010 intercommunication.

Preferably, the hollow-out supporting part 004 comprises a plurality of supporting parts, and hollow-out parts are formed among the supporting parts. The support piece is used for providing gravity support for the materials in the storage preheating bin 003.

Furthermore, the shapes of the plurality of supporting members of the hollowed-out supporting portion 004 can be the same or different; the fretwork size that forms between each support piece can be the same also can be different, and the material form that the shape of support piece and the size of fretwork can be melted according to actual need adjusts, and the space that the back material dropped into melting storehouse 009 after being convenient for preheat that forms between fretwork supporting part 004 and the inside wall of storage preheating storehouse 003 also can be adjusted according to the material form that actual need melts.

As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred scheme of this embodiment, the support members of the hollow-out support portion 004 are selected to be strip-shaped and uniformly arranged along the diameter of the bottom of the storage preheating bin 003, and hollow-out sizes formed between the support members are the same or hollow-out gaps are determined by a designer according to specific conditions, and a gap for allowing preheated materials to fall into the melting bin 009 is formed between two sides of the hollow-out support portion 004 and the inner side wall of the storage preheating bin 003.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, as another preferable aspect of the present embodiment, the hollow support 004 is an integrally molded structure having a hollow. Specifically, the connecting bulges can be conical, hollow parts are arranged at the top of the cone, the connecting bulges are uniformly connected along the bottom of the cone, and each connecting bulge is connected with the inner side wall of the storage preheating bin 003, so that gaps are formed between other parts of the bottom of the cone and the inner side wall of the storage preheating bin 003.

As shown in fig. 4, the material in the storage preheating bin 003 can fall into the melting bin 009 through the gap between the hollowed-out supporting portion 004 and the inner side wall of the storage preheating bin 003, and conversely, the high-temperature flue gas at the lower part of the cupola furnace can also uniformly diffuse and preheat the material in the storage preheating bin 003 through the gap and the hollows at the tapered top of the hollowed-out supporting portion 004.

Further, the guide supporting portion 010 includes a plurality of guide members, and a gap is formed between the guide members. And set up the fretwork of water conservancy diversion spare and fretwork supporting part 004 and correspond perpendicularly in the space (the vertical projection of fretwork supporting part 004 in the space coincides mutually or partial coincidence with the water conservancy diversion spare promptly), so that the water conservancy diversion spare can be accurate accept the material that drops via storage preheating bin 003, because the water conservancy diversion spare is close to combustion chamber 012 more, the heat here is higher, make the material on the water conservancy diversion spare can further melt to the state of the ejection of compact and more rapid drip to the storage compartment of combustion chamber 012 bottom.

Further, the shapes of the plurality of air guides of the air guide supporting portion 010 may be the same or different; the size of the gaps formed among the flow guide pieces can be the same or different, and the shape of the flow guide pieces and the size of the gaps can be adjusted according to the form of the molten material required in practice.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the outer wall of the flow guide member is formed with an arc surface on which the easily-melted material drops. Furthermore, the flow guide pieces are arranged in a strip shape and are uniformly arranged, and gaps formed among the flow guide pieces are consistent in size or hollow gaps are determined by a designer according to specific conditions.

As shown in FIG. 1, an outer shell is further provided at the outermost side of the cupola, and the outer shell is divided into an upper part and a lower part and connected by a connecting flange 019.

To further improve gas thermal efficiency, burner 008 includes air bellows 005, oxygen loop 007, and fuel loop 006. Air windbox 005 is used to provide air to burner 008, oxygen loop 007 is used to provide oxygen to burner 008, and fuel loop 006 is used to provide fuel to burner 008.

To better control the mixing ratio of air, oxygen and fuel to maximize the use of fuel heat, a control system is provided on burner 008 to regulate the air intake of air bellows 005, the oxygen intake of oxygen loop 007, and the fuel supply to fuel loop 006 to control the temperature within combustion chamber 012. The control principle of the control system is as follows: the air bellows 005, the oxygen ring pipe 007, and the fuel ring pipe 006 are dynamically controlled in real time according to the monitored temperature inside the combustion chamber 012 and the degree of melting of the materials, so as to maximize the utilization of heat energy as much as possible.

In order to protect the shell of the discharging preheating bin better, a first cooling water jacket 016 is arranged outside the storing preheating bin 003 and used for cooling the shell of the storing preheating bin 003. A second cooling water jacket 017 is arranged outside the melting bin 009 and used for cooling the lower furnace body shell; and a cooling water inlet 018 is formed at the lowermost portion of the furnace body, and cooling water is injected from the cooling water inlet 018. Furthermore, in order to better collect the melted material, a material storage chamber is further disposed at the lower portion of the combustion chamber 012, and a material outlet 011 for leading out the melted material is disposed at the bottom of the material storage chamber.

In order to further improve the environmental protection quality, the cupola furnace is also provided with a tail gas treatment system for treating tail gas.

In order to further observe the residual condition of the materials in the material storage preheating system, the cupola furnace is also provided with an upper manhole 020 at the upper part of the material storage preheating system for facilitating the observation of the material condition by technicians.

The working principle of the cupola furnace of the utility model is further explained by combining with the concrete embodiment as follows:

practical examples of the production of mineral wool (we refer to rock wool and mineral wool in common as mineral wool) are listed below.

Mineral wool, derived from Hawaii. After the Hawaii island is sprayed with volcanic for the first time, residents on the island find a strand of soft ore which is melted on the ground, namely the mineral wool fiber and the mineral wool which are initially recognized by human beings, the natural process of Hawaii volcanic spraying is actually simulated, the mineral wool products all adopt high-quality basalt, dolomite or slag and the like as main raw materials, the raw materials are melted at a high temperature of over 1450 ℃, and then are subjected to high-speed centrifugation by adopting an international advanced four-shaft centrifuge to form fibers, and simultaneously, a certain amount of binder, dustproof oil and water repellent are sprayed, collected by a cotton collecting machine, and are solidified and cut after being paved with cotton by a three-dimensional method to form the mineral wool products with different specifications and purposes.

At present, the domestic main melting production equipment for mineral wool uses a cupola furnace to melt raw materials, uses coke as fuel and air as combustion improver, and when the content of basalt is higher, a proper amount of oxygen is introduced to improve the oxygen content so as to improve the temperature and melt the materials. There are also cupola furnaces that use natural gas as a fuel. Natural gas is used as fuel, and the basic structure is that only one layer of fire bars is adopted to isolate materials from a combustion system.

In actual production, from the point furnace to the beginning of discharging production, when the materials are just melted, the melted materials basically uniformly flow from the furnace bars to the combustion system to form molten drops, and a reflow zone begins to appear in about 5 hours basically. In order to ensure that the waste heat is fully utilized, the material of the storage preheating system is continuously increased, if the support of the bearing fire bars at the bottom of the storage preheating system is not provided, the reflow belt is more and more serious, the smoke of the combustion system is seriously hindered from being uniformly passed through and discharged from the material, namely the smoke can be discharged from the local weak part of the material reflow belt, and the smoke heat utilization rate is greatly reduced.

Because the flue gas can not be discharged evenly, the material is heated unevenly. The molten drops of the molten material flowing out of the furnace bar are obviously concentrated on local parts, so that the yield is seriously reduced, and the energy consumption is increased. In actual production, this phenomenon may result in a reduction in production efficiency from the initial 5 tons per hour production to 3-3.5 tons per hour production.

In order to solve the problems, as shown in fig. 1-2, the cupola furnace provided by the utility model obviously weakens the formation of the reflow zone after the material is melted after the hollow-out supporting part 004 (namely the bearing fire bar) is additionally arranged at the bottom of the storage preheating bin 003. The material molten drops can basically uniformly flow along the outer wall of the bearing furnace bar, the yield is relatively stable, and the yield can be well maintained at 5 tons. The energy consumption is reduced by more than 10%.

After the cupola furnace is started, firstly, materials are lifted to a furnace top conveyor belt from the ground, the materials are sent into a feeding hopper 001 through the conveyor belt, the materials enter a material guiding bin 002 through the feeding hopper 001, and are collected and concentrated to enter a material storing preheating bin 003 through a cone-shaped material guiding bin 002. At this time, the weight of the material is concentrated on the hollowed-out supporting part 004. At this time, the preheated materials in the storage preheating bin 003 can fall into the melting bin 009 along the gap between the bearing fire bars and the inner side wall of the storage preheating bin 003.

The melting vessel 009 belongs to a high temperature melting zone where there is relatively little material and is also light in weight. In the process that the material preheated by the storage preheating bin 003 falls into the melting bin 009, the material is not completely melted but the outer surface of the material is molten due to further heating, the material can be contacted with the diversion supporting part 010 and attached to the diversion supporting part 010 in the downward process, and the weight of the material is mainly supported by the diversion supporting part 010. Therefore, in the process of melting materials by the cupola furnace with preheating and melting subareas, the problems that the materials are pressed and collapsed by the self weight of the materials to form a reflow zone and obstruct the smoke discharge of a combustion chamber because of the reflow of the materials can not occur, and the phenomenon that the cupola furnace has to be stopped because of the formation of the reflow zone can not occur. Along with the further melting of the materials in the melting bin 009, the materials in the upper storage preheating bin 003 are continuously supplemented into the melting bin 009, thereby realizing the continuity of material melting. After being melted, the materials in the melting bin 009 enter the combustion chamber 012 through the gaps between the guide pieces on the guide supporting part 010, and then are clarified in the melting bath of the storage chamber at the bottom of the combustion chamber 012 and flow out from the discharge port 011.

The burner 008 may use fuel oil or gas as fuel. The air bellows 005 and the oxygen ring tube 007 can adjust the mixing ratio of air and pure oxygen through the adjustment and control of the control system, so as to realize the adjustment of the oxygen content of the combustion-supporting medium, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the flame temperature in the combustion chamber 012. By practice, the cupola furnace achieves that the temperature inside the combustion chamber 012 can be adjusted between 1520 ℃ and 1800 ℃ as the combustion is assisted by air and as the oxygen content increases (the temperature must not exceed 1800 ℃ in order to protect the insulation system).

A plurality of burners 008 are evenly distributed around the outside of the cupola furnace 012. The air bellows 005, the oxygen ring pipe 007, the fuel oil or fuel gas distribution pipe, namely the fuel ring pipe 006, adjust and control air, oxygen, fuel oil or fuel gas through the control and regulation system, send into the combustor 008, can adjust the proportion of air, pure oxygen, fuel oil or fuel gas, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the flame temperature. By practice it is achieved that the temperature of the combustion chamber 012 can be adjusted from combustion with air to a temperature of 1520-1800 c (the temperature must not exceed 1800 c in order to protect the insulation material) with the increase of the oxygen content and the adjustment of the fuel or gas.

The above working process is simple, that is, the melted material is fed from the feeding hopper 001 and enters the storage preheating bin 003 and the melting bin 009 through the material guiding bin 002. The high-temperature tail gas in the combustion chamber 012 preheats the materials through the materials in the storage preheating bin 003. At the moment, the position of the hollowed-out supporting part 004, at which the temperature is within 1000 ℃, is lower than the softening temperature (different temperatures controlled by melting different materials) of the materials (slag, basalt, dolomite and the like). The volume of the storage preheating bin 003 of the cupola furnace is enough to ensure that the materials in the storage preheating bin 003 can absorb the waste heat of the tail gas, and the emission temperature of the tail gas discharged from the storage preheating bin 003 is less than 80 ℃, so that the waste heat is fully utilized by the materials.

The materials in the melting bin 009 are melted by high temperature generated by exothermic reaction of fuel oil or gas combustion. The melted material is dripped through the gaps between the flow guide parts of the flow guide supporting part 010 at the lower part and flows into the bottom of the combustion chamber 012, and the melted material can flow out through the discharge port 011 after reaching a certain height in the storage chamber.

The utility model discloses a preheat the storage in the furnace body of cupola furnace, melt and divide into two storehouse regions, upper portion is the storage preheating region, and the lower part is melting region. The upper material storage preheating area has the functions of preheating materials, recycling the heat energy of tail gas, bearing the weight of main materials and avoiding the formation of a reflow zone. The lower melting area belongs to a high-temperature melting area, the relative weight of materials in the area is small, a reflow zone cannot be formed by the fact that the reflow materials are pressed and collapsed by the weight of the materials in the melting process, and the exhaust air permeability of tail gas after combustion is improved. The hollow supporting portion 004 adopted in the upper storage preheating area and the flow guide supporting portion 010 adopted in the lower melting area are made of high-temperature-resistant materials, a cooling system can be adopted to protect the cooling hollow supporting portion 004 and the flow guide supporting portion 010 if needed, and the outer wall of the hollow supporting portion 004 and the flow guide supporting portion 010 are designed to be in a shape suitable for material molten drops, so that the hollow supporting portion can support the main weight of materials and can help the materials to drip in an accelerated manner.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The cupola furnace is characterized by comprising a feeding system, a storage preheating system, a melting system, a combustion system and a discharging system which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a heat preservation system is arranged around the outer sides of the combustion system and the storage preheating system, and a cooling system is arranged on the outer side of the heat preservation system; the material preheating system is characterized in that a hollow supporting part for bearing is arranged between the material preheating system and the melting system, materials in the material preheating system can pass through the hollow supporting part and a gap between the side walls of the material preheating system uniformly falls into the melting system, and a flow guide supporting part is arranged between the melting system and the combustion system.

2. The cupola furnace according to claim 1, wherein the charging system comprises a charging hopper and a material guiding bin which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the material storing preheating system comprises a material storing preheating bin, the melting system comprises a melting bin, the combustion system comprises a combustion chamber and burners uniformly distributed outside the combustion chamber, the hollow supporting part is used for communicating the material storing preheating bin with the melting bin, and the flow guiding supporting part is used for communicating the melting bin with the combustion chamber.

3. The cupola according to claim 2, wherein the support parts are integrally formed with the hollows or are uniformly distributed in the form of strips.

4. The cupola furnace according to claim 2, wherein the hollowed-out support portion comprises a plurality of support members, hollows are formed between the support members, and the support members are used for supporting the material in the storage preheating bin, so that the flue gas in the combustion chamber can uniformly preheat the material through the hollows.

5. A cupola furnace according to claim 4, in which the supports are strip-shaped.

6. The cupola according to claim 5, wherein the flow guide support portion comprises a plurality of flow guide members, a gap is formed between each flow guide member, the flow guide members vertically correspond to the hollows, and the flow guide members are used for receiving materials falling after being preheated by the storage preheating bin.

7. The cupola according to claim 6, wherein the deflector outer wall is formed with an arc surface on which easily-melted material drops.

8. The cupola furnace according to claim 7, wherein the flow guides are strip-shaped.

9. The cupola furnace of claim 3, wherein the burner comprises an air box, an oxygen collar, and a fuel collar, and a control system is provided on the burner for adjusting the air intake of the air box, the oxygen intake of the oxygen collar, and the fuel supply to the fuel collar to control the combustion chamber temperature.

10. The cupola according to claim 9, wherein the combustion chamber has a storage chamber at a lower portion thereof, the storage chamber has a discharge port at a bottom thereof, and the cupola further has a tail gas treatment system for treating tail gas.

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