CN218338514U - Screw tap and screw driver for orthopedic screws - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tap and a screwdriver for orthopedic screws. The disclosed screw tap consists of four parts: a screw tap head, a connecting rod, a handle part and a central hole. The two ends of the tap head are respectively a head tooth part and a tail tooth part, and the head tooth part and the tail tooth part respectively have two chip removal grooves, and the connecting rod connects the tap head with the handle part. The handle part has a cylindrical structure and is provided with a non-slip pad, which is convenient for clinical operation. The screwdriver consists of four parts: a screwdriver head, a connecting rod, a handle part and a central hole. The screwdriver head is in the shape of a hexagonal quincunx, which can fit with the degradable screw to prevent slippage. The connecting rod connects the screwdriver head with the handle part. The handle part has a cylindrical structure and is provided with a non-slip pad, which is convenient for clinical operation. The utility model has the characteristics of low production cost, convenient clinical operation, increased contact area with the screw to achieve anti-skid wire and the like.

Description

Tap and screwdriver for orthopedic screws

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and specifically designs a special tap and screwdriver for orthopedic screws.

Background technique

Metal fixation has always been the gold standard in fracture surgery due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, this mechanical property does not match that of human bone, and there are many defects such as non-degradability, stress shielding, and serious artifacts. Compared with traditional metal materials, biodegradable materials have unique advantages such as good biocompatibility, degradation speed and X-ray transparency after implantation into the human body.

However, there is still a certain gap between degradable materials and metal materials in terms of mechanical properties. In particular, degradable screws do not have the characteristics of self-tapping screws for easy screwing in. During the process of screwing in, the phenomenon of wire slipping or even screw breakage is very easy to occur. And then affect the operation process and operation effect.

Utility model content

Aiming at the defects or deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a tap for orthopedic screws.

For this reason, the tap for orthopedic screws provided by the utility model includes a first handle part, a first connecting rod and a tapping head which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction, and inside the first handle part, the first connecting rod and the tapping head A first central hole is opened in the axial direction; the tap head matches the shape of the orthopedic screw;

The orthopedic screw includes a screw body, axially, the screw body includes a front section, a middle section and a back section, the front section surface is provided with anterior thread, the middle section surface is smooth, and the rear section surface is provided with a posterior thread The outer diameter of the rear section of the screw is the same as or greater than the outer diameter of the front section; the number of turns of the rear thread is less than the number of turns of the front thread;

A through hole is arranged in the axial direction in the front section and the middle section, and a hollow hole is arranged in the axial direction in the rear section, and the through hole communicates with the hollow hole;

The hollow hole is used to accommodate a screwdriver.

Further, the thread segment matching the front thread on the tapping head is provided with a front chip removal groove, and the thread segment matching the rear thread on the tapping head is provided with a rear chip removal groove.

Further, the outer diameter of the rear section is larger than that of the front section, and the outer diameter of the rear section is larger than that of the middle section, and the transition between the back section and the middle section is smooth or uses a tapered surface for transition.

Further, the length of the screw is 10mm-100mm.

Further, the outer diameter of the screw ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm, and the outer diameter of the rear section is 0.1 to 5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the front section.

Further, the inner diameter of the through hole ranges from 0.1 mm to 2 mm.

Further, the axial length of the middle section accounts for 1%-60% of the total length of the screw, the axial length of the front section accounts for 10%-90% of the total length of the screw, and the axial length of the rear section accounts for 1% of the total length of the screw -30%.

Furthermore, the range of thread turns of the front thread is 1-50, and the range of thread depth is 0.1-3mm.

Further, the number of turns of the rear thread ranges from 1 to 20, and the depth of the thread ranges from 0.1 to 4 mm.

Further, both the rear thread and the front thread rotate clockwise, and the starting point of the rear thread is located on the extended thread of the front thread, and at the same time, the starting point of the rear thread deviates clockwise by α degrees compared to the starting point of the front thread , 0<α≤90°.

Further, both the front thread and the back thread are equally spaced threads, and the thread pitch of the front thread is greater than the thread pitch of the back thread.

Further, the pitch of the front thread is in the range of 0.1-5 mm, and the pitch of the front thread is 0.05-0.5 mm larger than that of the rear thread.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow hole is hexagonal quincunx, hexagonal or square.

Further, along the direction of the rear section to the front section, the maximum inner diameter of the hollow hole gradually decreases.

Further, it includes a second handle part, a second connecting rod and a screwdriver head arranged in the axial direction, and a second central hole is opened in the second handle part, the second connecting rod and the screwdriver head in the axial direction, and the The screwdriver head is adapted to the shape of the hollow hole of the above-mentioned screw.

The utility model designs a screw tap that can pre-establish a screw path, and the screwdriver increases the contact area with the screw so as to avoid the occurrence of slippage. The tap and screwdriver of the utility model are especially suitable for screws made of degradable materials, such as screws made of silk protein.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural example diagram of a thread tap in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an example diagram of the structure of the tapping head in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wire tap shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is an example diagram of the reference structure of the screw in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hollow hole structure in FIG. 4 .

Fig. 7 is a structural example diagram of the screwdriver in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screwdriver shown in FIG. 7 .

Fig. 9 is a working diagram of the screwdriver in the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screwdriver head in operation in the embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Unless otherwise specified, the terms or methods herein are understood according to the knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the related art or implemented using existing methods.

The directions or orientation terms such as axial, middle, front, and rear mentioned in this paper are consistent with the corresponding directions or orientations in the drawings of the description. It should be noted that the specific directions or orientations in the drawings of the description are a kind of Examples, equivalent rotations, replacements, etc. made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the disclosure herein are within the protection scope of the present invention.

The materials such as stainless steel, alloy that can select for use of screwdriver of the present utility model and wire tap are made.

Example 1:

The tap of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1-3, comprises the first handle part 1, the first connecting rod 2 and the tap head 3 that are arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and described first handle part, first connecting rod and A first central hole 4 is opened in the tap head along the axial direction to facilitate the passage of the Kirschner wire; the size and shape of the tap head match the screw structure shown in Figure 4. The screw is made of silk protein, and its structure refers to As shown in Figure 4-6, including the screw body, the screw body consists of a front section d, a middle section c, and a rear section a, wherein the surface of the front section is provided with front threads, the rear section is provided with rear threads, the middle section is smooth, and the front section and middle section There is a through hole e in the inside, and a hollow hole b with a hexagonal quincunx in cross section (that is, on the basis of a regular hexagon, each side is an arc concave to the center) in the rear section, and the hollow hole and the through hole The axial direction communicates with the shape of the screw, that is, as shown in FIG. 2 , the two ends of the tapping head 3 are respectively provided with a head portion 33 and a tail portion 32 matching the front and rear threads.

A specific example, the screw length of this embodiment is 30mm, the length of the rear section is 15% of the screw length, the length of the middle section accounts for 40% of the total length, the outer diameter of the middle section is 3mm, the outer diameter of the front section is 4mm, and the outer diameter of the rear section is 4mm. 6mm, the front thread and the back thread both rotate clockwise, the starting point of the back thread a (pointed by the arrow in Figure 4) is not on the extension line of the front thread, and the starting point of the back thread is compared to The starting point of the front thread does not deviate in the clockwise direction, the front thread and the back thread are equally spaced, the front thread pitch is 1.8mm, the number of threads is 7, the back thread pitch is 1.8mm, the number of threads The depth of the front thread is 0.5mm; the depth of the rear thread is 0.3mm, the diameter of the through hole e is 1.5mm, the diagonal length of the hollow hole b is 2mm, and the depth is 3mm. Among them, the hexagonal quincunx shape can increase the contact area with the matching screwdriver head and prevent slippage. In a further preferred solution, along the direction of the rear section to the front section, the maximum inner diameter of the hollow hole gradually decreases.

In a further preferred solution, the head tooth part 33 adapted to the front thread is provided with a front chip removal groove 34 along the axial direction, and the tail tooth part 31 adapted to the rear thread is provided with a rear chip removal groove 32 along the axial direction , to facilitate the discharge of bone debris.

7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of the screwdriver of this embodiment, the screwdriver includes a handle part 5, a connecting rod 6 and a screwdriver head 7 arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and the inside of the handle part 5, the connecting rod 6 and the screwdriver head 7 is A central hole 8 is provided along the axial direction to facilitate the passage of the Kirschner wire; wherein, the screwdriver head is adapted to the shape of the hollow hole of the above-mentioned screw, preferably hexagonal quincunx, which can increase the contact area with the screw and reduce the risk of slipping the wire . More preferably, along the direction of the rear section of the screw to the front section, the maximum outer diameter of the screwdriver head decreases gradually.

When in use, tap the opening with a screw first, put the guide wire into the opening, the guide wire passes through the through hole and the hollow hole, insert the screwdriver into the hollow hole of the screw (as shown in Figures 9 and 10), and screw the screw along the guide wire. Into the bone tissue, wherein, the front thread is connected with the bone tissue, and the posterior thread can be used to form an embedding with the outer cortex of the bone to prevent withdrawal. Specific usage examples:

Select Han sheep with large and small tails in August, and intramuscularly inject Sumianxin II at 0.1ml/kg to obtain good anesthesia; place the anesthetized sheep on the left side and fix them on the operating table, sterilize the drape, and make a 5cm thickening at the lateral condyle of the humerus. Cut the skin, subcutaneous tissue and fascia in sequence, expose the articular surface of the humeral trochlear through the gap between the triceps and brachioradialis, use the periosteum stripper to carefully peel off the periosteum to expose the bone surface; Saw off and pry off the bone block with a periosteal stripper until the bone block is completely detached to simulate a human supracondylar humeral fracture. Fix the fracture block, drill a hole perpendicular to the fracture surface with an electric drill, and the depth is about 30mm; after drilling, use the Kirschner wire to determine the position of the nail track, keep the Kirschner wire still, use the tap of the utility model to expand the nail track for the screw, and then Utilize the screwdriver of the utility model to implant the screw, the operation is smooth, no slipping phenomenon occurs, the hydrogen peroxide rinses, and then rinses with physiological saline. After observing that there was no obvious active bleeding, the fascia and skin were closed layer by layer; after the incision was sutured, the wound was bandaged to prevent infection, and a cast was fixed in the elbow flexion position.

Example 2:

The difference between the screw of this embodiment and that of Embodiment 2 is that the starting point of the rear thread is located on the thread extension line of the rear end of the front thread, and the starting point of the rear thread deviates clockwise from the starting point of the front thread. 90°; the front thread and the rear thread are equally spaced threads, the pitch of the front thread is 1.8mm, and the pitch of the rear thread is 1.5mm.

The screws of the above-mentioned embodiments are two specific examples of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can, according to the disclosure herein, based on the length of the screw, the outer diameter of the screw, the relationship between the outer diameter of the front section and the outer diameter of the rear section, the inner diameter of the through hole, The proportion of each segment to the total length, the thread pitch of the front thread, the number of thread turns and the thread depth, the thread pitch of the back thread, the number of thread turns and the design combination of the thread can get screws of different shapes and sizes, so as to obtain the corresponding shape of the screw. attack.

Claims (15)

1. A tap for orthopedic screws is characterized in that it comprises a first handle portion (1), a first connecting rod (2) and a tap head (3) arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and the first handle portion, A first central hole (4) is opened in the first connecting rod and the tapping head in the axial direction; the tapping head matches the shape of the orthopedic screw; The orthopedic screw includes a screw body, axially, the screw body includes a front section, a middle section and a back section, the front section surface is provided with anterior thread, the middle section surface is smooth, and the rear section surface is provided with a posterior thread ; The outer diameter of the rear section is the same as or greater than the outer diameter of the front section; the number of turns of the rear thread is less than the number of turns of the front thread; A through hole is arranged in the axial direction in the front section and the middle section, and a hollow hole is arranged in the axial direction in the rear section, and the through hole communicates with the hollow hole; The hollow hole is used to accommodate a screwdriver. 2. The tap for orthopedic screws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thread section matching the front thread on the tapping head is provided with a front flute, and the thread section matching the back thread on the tapping head is Equipped with rear chip flute. 3. The orthopedic screw tap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the rear section is greater than the outer diameter of the front section, and the outer diameter of the rear section is greater than the outer diameter of the middle section, and there is a gap between the back section and the middle section. Smooth transitions or transitions with tapered faces. 4. The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1, wherein the length of the screw is 10mm-100mm. 5 . The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1 or 3 , wherein the outer diameter of the screw ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm, and the outer diameter of the rear section is 0.1 to 5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the front section. 6 . The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1 or 3 , wherein the inner diameter of the through hole ranges from 0.1 mm to 2 mm. 7. The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1, wherein the axial length of the middle section accounts for 1% to 60% of the total length of the screw, and the axial length of the front section accounts for 10%-60% of the total length of the screw. 90%, the axial length of the rear segment accounts for 1%-30% of the total length of the screw. 8 . The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1 , wherein the range of thread turns of the front thread is 1-50, and the range of thread depth is 0.1-3 mm. 9 . The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1 , wherein the number of turns of the rear thread ranges from 1 to 20, and the thread depth ranges from 0.1 to 4 mm. 10. The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1, wherein both the rear thread and the front thread rotate clockwise, and the starting point of the rear thread is located on the extended thread of the front thread, while the rear thread The starting point of the first thread deviates clockwise by α degrees compared to the starting point of the previous thread, 0<α≤90°. 11 . The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1 , wherein the front thread and the back thread are equally spaced threads, and the thread pitch of the front thread is greater than the thread pitch of the back thread. 12 . 12. The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1, wherein the thread pitch of the front thread ranges from 0.1 to 5 mm, and the thread pitch of the front thread is 0.05 mm larger than the thread pitch of the back thread. ~0.5mm. 13. The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the hollow hole is hexagonal quincunx, hexagonal or square. 14 . The tap for orthopedic screws according to claim 13 , wherein the maximum inner diameter of the hollow hole decreases gradually along the direction of the rear section to the front section. 15. A screwdriver for orthopedic screws, characterized in that it comprises a second handle portion (5), a second connecting rod (6) and a screwdriver head (7) arranged axially, the second handle portion ( 5), the second connecting rod (6) and the screwdriver head (7) are axially provided with a second center hole (8), and the screwdriver head is suitable for the shape of the hollow hole of the screw described in claim 13 or 14. match.

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