CN218232080U - Reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hard water - Google Patents
Reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hard water Download PDFInfo
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- CN218232080U CN218232080U CN202221493513.7U CN202221493513U CN218232080U CN 218232080 U CN218232080 U CN 218232080U CN 202221493513 U CN202221493513 U CN 202221493513U CN 218232080 U CN218232080 U CN 218232080U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hard water. Mainly aiming at high-hardness and high-turbidity water sources, a softening and turbidity removal pretreatment process is required to be set when reverse osmosis desalination treatment is adopted, and the process flow is as follows: high-hardness and high-turbidity raw water → a chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed → a solid-liquid separation fluidized bed → an intermediate water storage device → a lift pump → a net type/laminated type filter → a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device → an ultrafiltration water production tank. After the treatment by the process, the hardness of water, particularly the hardness of carbonate, is effectively reduced, the SDI (standard deviation) of system outlet water is less than 3, the water inlet requirement of a reverse osmosis process is met, the long-term stable operation of reverse osmosis is facilitated, the chemical cleaning frequency of the reverse osmosis membrane can be reduced, and the service life of the membrane is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of reverse osmosis preliminary treatment, concretely relates to reverse osmosis preliminary treatment system suitable for high hard water.
Background
Water resources are becoming a precious scarce resource in the 21 st century, and with the increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, the implementation of water recycling is a fundamental way to solve the contradiction while saving the amount of new water. The industrial water recycling method is used as one of important fields of water in China, such as municipal wastewater, reclaimed water, industrial drainage and the like, and is used as an industrial water source to realize the recycling of water. Many industrial users require high quality desalinated water, and the reverse osmosis technology is most widely applied in a treatment system for preparing the desalinated water. When the reverse osmosis process is used, particularly under the condition of meeting a water source with high hardness and high turbidity, the pretreatment effect needs to be improved so as to meet the water inlet standard of reverse osmosis.
The reverse osmosis pretreatment process mostly adopts softening clarification, filtration and ultrafiltration processes, the traditional softening clarification adopts a lime method or a lime and sodium carbonate double-alkali method dosing treatment mode, and due to the addition of lime, the sludge amount is large. The filtration adopts medium filtration, and finally the water enters a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, and the produced water reaches the reverse osmosis water inlet standard.
In the process, the traditional coagulation clarification equipment has low ascending flow velocity, the general flow velocity is less than 10m/h, the hydraulic load impact resistance is poor, the sludge amount is large, the lime dosing system has poor operating environment and is easy to be polluted and blocked, the flow velocity of medium filtration is low, regular backwashing is needed, and special backwashing equipment and a backwashing wastewater collection and treatment system are needed; the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is easy to break, poor in pollution resistance and short in service life. The whole system has complex composition, more accessory equipment, large floor area and large operation and maintenance workload.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned prior art's shortcoming, provide a reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water to the system treatment effect who handles the high hardness water source among the solution prior art is poor, stability is low, inefficiency, and entire system's equipment is constituteed complicatedly, and sludge treatment capacity is big, the big problem of operation maintenance work load.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme to realize:
a reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water comprising: the water outlet end of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed is communicated with a solid-liquid separation fluidized bed, the water outlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed is communicated with a filter, the water outlet end of the filter is connected with a poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device, and the water outlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device is communicated to a reverse osmosis system.
The utility model discloses a further improvement lies in:
preferably, the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed is added with an alkaline agent and seed crystals.
Preferably, the alkaline agent is sodium hydroxide or a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, and the sodium hydroxide can also be replaced by calcium hydroxide; the seed crystal is a domesticated garnet.
Preferably, a flocculating agent, a coagulant aid and micro-sand are added into the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed.
Preferably, an intermediate water storage device is arranged between the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed and the filter.
Preferably, the acid agent is added to the water production end of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed or the water production end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed.
Preferably, an acidic medicament is added into the water outlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device.
Preferably, the filter membrane of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device is an organic polymeric ceramic material; and a magnesium agent is added at the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed.
Preferably, the water outlet end of the ceramic-gathering ultrafiltration membrane device is connected with an ultrafiltration water production tank, and the water outlet end of the ultrafiltration water production tank is provided with a first branch and a second branch; the first branch is connected with the reverse osmosis system, the second branch is connected with the back-washing water inlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device, and the back-washing water outlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device is connected with the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed.
Preferably, a backwashing water collecting tank is arranged between the backwashing water outlet end of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device and the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses a reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hard water. The system mainly aims at a high-hardness and high-turbidity water source, a pretreatment process is required to be set when reverse osmosis desalination treatment is adopted, and the system comprises a chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed, a solid-liquid separation fluidized bed, a filter and a ceramic-gathering ultrafiltration membrane device. After the treatment by the process, the hardness of water, particularly the hardness of carbonate, is effectively reduced, so that the effluent SDI of the system is less than 3, and the water inlet requirement of the reverse osmosis process is met. Compared with the traditional lime treatment or double-alkali softening and filtering and ultrafiltration process, the process greatly reduces the occupied area and solves the problems of long process, more accessory equipment, complex operation, poor environment, large equipment maintenance amount, more sludge byproducts and the like of the traditional process. The system is convenient to operate and manage and has environmental protection benefit.
Furthermore, backwashing drainage of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device can be collected by the collecting tank and then sent to the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed for recycling treatment, so that the water yield of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a system structure diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed; 2-a solid-liquid separation fluidized bed; 3-an intermediate water storage device; 4-a first lift pump; 5-a filter; 6-a ceramic-gathering ultrafiltration membrane device; 7-ultrafiltration water production tank; 8-ultrafiltration backwashing water pump; 9-backwashing water collection tank; 10-second lift pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The utility model discloses a reverse osmosis pretreatment systems suitable for high hard water, see figure 1, including chemical crystallization circulation granulation fluidized bed 1, solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2, middle water storage device 3, first elevator pump 4, filter 5, gather porcelain milipore filter device 6, ultrafiltration product water tank 7, ultrafiltration backwash water pump 8, backwash water collecting pit 9 and second elevator pump 10.
The chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 is provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end, the water inlet end is used for adding high-hardness and high-turbidity raw water, the water inlet pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the water outlet end of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 is connected with the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2. Alkaline agent and seed crystal are added into the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1, and the rising flow rate of inlet water is high and can reach 60-120m/h. Adding an alkaline agent into the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 to react with the hardness of raw water, separating from the water under the action of seed crystals to remove the calcium hardness in the water, adsorbing the generated calcium carbonate on the surface of the seed crystals, separating from the water in a particle form instead of a sludge form to generate soft water for removing calcium ions, and connecting the water outlet end of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 with the water inlet pipeline of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2.
Preferably, raw water enters the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 through a lifting water pump.
Specifically, the alkaline agent is sodium hydroxide or a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, when the alkalinity of raw water is greater than or equal to the hardness of calcium, the sodium hydroxide is added into the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1, otherwise, the sodium carbonate is also added. Adding an alkaline agent into the water inlet side of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1, and continuously attaching the generated calcium carbonate precipitate to the surface of the seed crystal in the bed; calcium carbonate particles grow to 1-3 mm and are discharged out of the bed body, and the calcium carbonate particles are collected by a calcium carbonate collecting device, so that the calcium carbonate has high purity and can be recycled. The seed crystal added into the chemical crystallization granulation fluidized bed 1 is domesticated garnet.
The water inlet pipeline of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 is connected with the water outlet end of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1, the lower part of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 is provided with a sludge discharge end, the upper part of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 is provided with a water discharge end, and the water discharge pipeline of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 is connected with the water inlet end of the intermediate water storage device 3. The working process of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 is that after the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 removes hard calcium water and enters the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed, magnesium hydroxide sediment and other suspended impurities are separated from the water in the form of sludge under the action of a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid, and mud-water separation is completed. More specifically, a flocculating agent is added into a water inlet pipe of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 to enable the flocculating agent and inlet water to be fully mixed and reacted, a coagulant aid is added into a chemical adding port of equipment, micro-sand is added into a micro-sand adding port of the equipment, magnesium hydroxide precipitate generated by chemical crystallization in water is subjected to reaction agglomeration separation, produced water enters a water producing tank in the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2, and sludge is periodically discharged out of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2; the sludge produced by the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 has high concentration and can directly enter a sludge dewatering device without concentration, so that the sludge amount in the solid-liquid separation is greatly reduced, and the sludge treatment load is low. When the amount of sludge generated by the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 is small, the sludge can be discharged to a sludge collecting tank for direct dehydration treatment.
The water inlet end of the intermediate water storage device 3 is connected with the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2, the water outlet end of the intermediate water storage device 3 is connected with the filter 5, the intermediate water storage device 3 is used for adjusting the quality of water produced by the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2, buffering is uniform, and meanwhile, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is added into the water inlet end of the intermediate water storage device 3 according to actual conditions. The intermediate water storage device 3 is a water producing pool or a water producing tank.
The drainage end of the intermediate water storage device 3 is connected with a filter 5, and the filter 5 is a net filter or a laminated filter 5. Preferably, a first lift pump 4 is provided between the intermediate water storage 3 and the filter 5 for adding water in the intermediate water storage 3 to the filter 5. The filter 5 plays a role of coarse filtration for the water produced by the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2.
The water outlet end of the filter 5 is connected with a ceramic-gathering ultrafiltration membrane device 6, and the water outlet end of the ceramic-gathering ultrafiltration membrane device 6 is communicated with an ultrafiltration water production tank 7. The poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane in the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6 can also operate under the condition of high pH (pH value = 13.5), the removal rate of the water outlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6 on the total hardness is higher through acid neutralization, and the total hardness is the sum of calcium hardness and magnesium hardness. The produced water separated by the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 enters a filter 5 and is filtered by an ultrafiltration membrane in a poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6, and in the working process of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6, a solvent and a micromolecule solute pass through the filter membrane by utilizing the asymmetric microporous structure of the filter membrane and the semipermeable membrane and relying on the pressure difference of two sides of the membrane as a driving force to intercept the macromolecule solute, so that clear water meeting the requirement of reverse osmosis water inflow is obtained and stored in an ultrafiltration water production tank 7. The main material of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6 is an ultrafiltration membrane, and the material of the filtration membrane is organic polymer ceramic, which is called poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane for short. The film has the characteristics of super-hydrophilic oleophobic surface, pollution resistance and easy cleaning. The filter membrane is of a roll type structure, and the roll type poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6 is wide in flow channel, large in flow capacity, large in water quality fluctuation range, high in filtration precision, free of filament breakage risk and long in service life.
The water outlet end of the ultrafiltration water production tank 7 is provided with two branches, one branch conveys the clear water after ultrafiltration to a reverse osmosis system, the other branch is communicated to the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6 to carry out back washing on the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6, the water outlet end of back washing water in the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6 is communicated with the backwashing water collecting tank 9, and the water outlet end of the backwashing water collecting tank 9 is communicated with the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2. The backwashing water after ultrafiltration can be returned to the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 for recycling treatment, and the water yield of the system is high.
Preferably, an ultrafiltration backwashing water pump 8 is arranged on a branch from the ultrafiltration water production tank 7 to the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6, and a second lift pump 10 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water outlet end of the backwashing water collecting tank 9 and the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2.
Preferably, the above flow scheme is provided with an acid neutralization process, and sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is added into the acid neutralization process. Acid neutralization can be set at different stages of the system depending on the overall system requirements for magnesium hardness removal. If the magnesium hardness is low or a subsequent system has no requirement on the magnesium hardness, acid neutralization can be arranged on the water production side of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1, otherwise, an acid medicament is added at the water production end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 to remove the magnesium hardness, and an acid medicament can be added at the water outlet end of the polymeric porcelain ultrafiltration membrane device 6 to further remove the magnesium hardness.
No medium filtration or fiber filtration is arranged behind the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2, and the produced water enters a poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device 6 after being subjected to pressure lifting.
Preferably, after magnesium hydroxide generated in the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 enters the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2, certain effect on removing silicon dioxide is achieved, and a magnesium agent (main component magnesium oxide) can be added before the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 to further remove silicon dioxide.
In the process, calcium carbonate particles are generated by chemical crystallization and granulation, sludge with lower water content is generated by solid-liquid separation, and ultrafiltration backwashing water is returned to the solid-liquid separation inlet water for recycling.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation:
raw water with certain pressure enters a chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1, naOH is added through a dosing end (when the alkalinity of the water is insufficient, na can be jointly added 2 CO 3 ) Fully reacting with water, depositing the generated calcium carbonate on the surface of the crystal seed in the fluidized bed, separating the crystal from the water in a separation area, and depositing the crystal particles growing to a certain degree to the bottom to be discharged out of the bed body. The effluent enters solid-liquid separationAnd the fluidized bed 2 is a device, a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid are added through a dosing end, and a flocculating body is settled to the bottom and is discharged out of the bed body in a sludge form under the stirring and circulating actions. The produced water after solid-liquid separation is added with acid for neutralization and then enters an intermediate water storage device 3, the water enters a filter 5 in the form of a net or a lamination and the like through a lift pump and then enters a poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane for filtration, and the treated water enters an ultrafiltration water tank.
The chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed 1 is provided with a seed crystal feeding device, seed crystals are supplemented into the bed body at regular intervals, and calcium carbonate crystals growing to a certain degree are discharged out of the body at regular intervals. The solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 is provided with a micro-sand feeding device, micro-sand is periodically supplemented into the bed body, and continuously generated sludge is discharged in a periodic automatic sludge discharge mode, if the sludge amount is large, the continuous sludge discharge mode can be adopted. And backwashing the ultrafiltration device according to the pressure difference of inlet and outlet water, feeding backwash water into a collecting tank, and lifting the backwash water to the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed 2 through a pump for reuse.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water, comprising: the device comprises a chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed (1), wherein a water outlet end of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed (1) is communicated with a solid-liquid separation fluidized bed (2), a water outlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed (2) is communicated with a filter (5), a water outlet end of the filter (5) is connected with a poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6), and a water outlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6) is communicated to a reverse osmosis system.
2. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system for high hardness water according to claim 1, wherein alkaline agent and seed crystal are added into the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed (1).
3. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water according to claim 2, wherein the alkaline agent is sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide; the seed crystal is a domesticated garnet.
4. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water according to claim 1, wherein an intermediate water storage device (3) is arranged between the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed (2) and the filter (5).
5. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water according to claim 1, wherein an acid agent is added to the water production end of the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed (1) or the water production end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed (2).
6. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water according to claim 1, wherein an acidic agent is added to the water outlet end of the poly ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6).
7. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6) is made of organic polymer ceramic material; a magnesium agent is added at the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed (2).
8. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the water outlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6) is connected with an ultrafiltration water production tank (7), and the water outlet end of the ultrafiltration water production tank (7) is provided with a first branch and a second branch; the first branch is connected with the reverse osmosis system, the second branch is connected with the back-washing water inlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6), and the back-washing water outlet end of the poly-ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6) is connected with the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed (2).
9. A reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hardness water according to claim 8, wherein a reverse osmosis water collecting tank (9) is arranged between the reverse osmosis water outlet end of the poly ceramic ultrafiltration membrane device (6) and the water inlet end of the solid-liquid separation fluidized bed (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202221493513.7U CN218232080U (en) | 2022-06-15 | 2022-06-15 | Reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hard water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202221493513.7U CN218232080U (en) | 2022-06-15 | 2022-06-15 | Reverse osmosis pretreatment system suitable for high hard water |
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| CN218232080U true CN218232080U (en) | 2023-01-06 |
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Effective date of registration: 20231128 Address after: 100029 1005, 10th floor, block C (apartment), Junfeng Huating Jiayuan, 69 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee after: BEIJING DAKING EASTERN TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 215, R&D Center, No. 35 Tuanjie South Road, High-tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710000 Patentee before: Xi'an Logan Technology Development Co.,Ltd. |