CN218089142U - Two-stage water purifying device - Google Patents
Two-stage water purifying device Download PDFInfo
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- CN218089142U CN218089142U CN202221633625.8U CN202221633625U CN218089142U CN 218089142 U CN218089142 U CN 218089142U CN 202221633625 U CN202221633625 U CN 202221633625U CN 218089142 U CN218089142 U CN 218089142U
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Abstract
The application discloses two-stage purifier, include the raceway and locate charge device, water pump, ultrafiltration device, high-pressure pump and the nanofiltration device on the raceway in proper order along the rivers direction, the water pump passes through the raceway from the water source water intaking and is sent to ultrafiltration device after charge device with the medicine and filters, and the pure water that finishes of filtering is filtered by the high-pressure pump and is carried out the secondary filtration toward nanofiltration device. According to the technical scheme, the two-stage water purification advanced treatment process of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration is adopted, the surface raw water polluted by micro-medium degree can be directly treated to obtain high-quality direct drinking water, the obtained water quality is remarkably improved compared with that of a conventional drinking water treatment process, and the demand of people on high-quality drinking water is effectively met.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a two-stage water purifying device.
Background
At present, municipal tap water is still treated by the conventional "coagulation-precipitation-filtration-disinfection" process. The ceramic membrane is one of inorganic membranes, has the advantages of high chemical stability, large membrane flux, good thermal shock resistance, strong hydrophilicity, high mechanical strength, dispersed and concentrated pore diameters, good gradient direction of pore structure and the like, is a novel separation membrane which is hopeful to replace various organic membranes, and can be applied to severe conditions such as material concentration, oil-water separation, water treatment and the like. The ceramic membrane filtration for purifying drinking water is widely used abroad.
The advanced treatment application of the domestic ceramic membrane drinking water is started later, the upgrading and reconstruction of drinking water in rural areas in Zhejiang province in 2019 are implemented, and the ceramic membrane is widely applied to upgrading and reconstruction projects due to the advantages of good tolerance, easiness in cleaning and recovery, no need of pretreatment processes such as coagulating sedimentation and the like.
At present, the application of ceramic membranes in China is mainly focused on the treatment of drinking water in rural living in Jiangzhe, and the used ceramic membranes mainly adopt alumina ceramic membranes produced by Metawater in Japan and Nannoston in Germany, and adopt a short-flow water preparation technology, namely, a water source to be treated can reach the standard of drinking water after directly entering a membrane system for treatment, and the pretreatment is not required to be carried out by coagulating sedimentation. Up to now, the ceramic membrane short-flow water production technology has completed hundreds ofMultiple rural drinking water projects, the maximum water station reaches the water plant treatment capacity of 2000m 3 And d, the equipment is unattended and can be remotely controlled. Due to the good operation effect of the ceramic membrane, the national standard application technical specification of the rural drinking water integrated ceramic membrane water purification equipment is released in 5 months in 2020 in Zhejiang province.
At present, ceramic membrane manufacturers such as foreign NKG (Japan, meidelihua), PALL (America) and Nannoston (Germany) and ceramic membrane manufacturers such as Sichuan Kangge, jiuyu Gaokou, shanghai Koran, hubei Dijie and Hangzhou hard membrane manufacturers at home develop surface water short-flow water production process of ceramic membranes such as alumina/silicon carbide/zirconia. However, since the starting time of the domestic ceramic membrane product and the application process development is short, the difference from the same type of ceramic membrane in various aspects is obvious, the advanced treatment of the ceramic membrane drinking water is in a sporadic test stage at present, and the domestic ceramic membrane water treatment has no case of large-scale application.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of this application is to provide a two-stage purifier, directly handle to the ground surface raw water that pollutes of range degree a little and obtain high-quality straight drinking water.
The application provides a two-stage water purifying device, which comprises a water delivery pipe, and a first pump, an ultrafiltration device, a second pump and a nanofiltration device which are sequentially connected through the water delivery pipe, wherein a dosing point is arranged at the upstream of the ultrafiltration device; the first pump sends the water after adding the chemicals to the ultrafiltration device for filtration through the water delivery pipe, and the water after ultrafiltration filtration is sent to the nanofiltration device for secondary filtration through the second pump; and a water taking pipe opening is arranged on the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the nanofiltration device.
In a preferred embodiment, upstream of the first pump, the water line is connected to a flap pipe, and the dosing point is located upstream of the flap pipe or the flap pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, the pipe Diameter (DN) of the folded plate pipeline is more than or equal to 12mm, and the grid spacing of the folded plate pipeline is 15-30mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the water prior to dosing, or at the source, is a group III-V water.
In a preferred embodiment, the dosing is adding a flocculating agent.
In a preferable embodiment, the adding concentration of the flocculant is 2-5ppm.
In a preferred embodiment, the water conveying pipe is also connected with a disinfection device downstream of the nanofiltration device and is used for disinfecting water flowing out of the nanofiltration device; wherein the disinfection is preferably ultraviolet disinfection, i.e. the disinfection device is preferably an ultraviolet disinfection device; wherein the disinfection device is preferably located downstream of the second pump and upstream of the water intake.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises: and (5) disinfecting the water after secondary filtration. Wherein the disinfection is preferably ultraviolet disinfection.
In a preferred embodiment, the measurable ultraviolet radiation dose is more than or equal to 9500 muW.S/cm during ultraviolet disinfection 2 。
In a preferred embodiment, the water pipe is further connected with a first water tank, and the first water tank is arranged between the ultrafiltration device and the high-pressure pump and used for receiving water filtered by the ultrafiltration device.
In a preferred embodiment, the water conveying pipe is further sequentially connected with a second water tank and a circulating pump at the downstream of the nanofiltration device and the upstream of the water taking pipe opening, and the second water tank is positioned between the circulating pump and the nanofiltration device and is used for receiving purified water flowing out of the nanofiltration device; the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the circulating pump returns to the first water tank, the circulating pump is used for pumping water in the second water tank and sending the water to the first water tank, and the water taking pipe opening is positioned between the circulating pump and the first water tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the ultrafiltration device has the operation flux of 150-200LMH, and the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 50-100nm; the water inlet flow is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the material of the supporting layer is alumina and/or silicon carbide, and the effective component of the separating layer is zirconia and/or silicon carbide.
In a preferred embodiment, the nanofiltration device has the operation flux of 30-50LMH, and the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 1-10nm; the water inlet flow is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the separating layer contains zirconium oxide and/or silicon carbide as effective components.
In a preferred embodiment, the ultrafiltration: soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent for 2-48 hr every 8-12 hr.
In a preferred embodiment, the nanofiltration: soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent every 8-12 hr.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the ultrafiltration inlet water to the concentrated water is not less than 2:1, and the outlet water SDI 15 Less than or equal to 3, turbidity less than 2NTU and oxygen consumption less than 2mg/L.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of nanofiltration inlet water to concentrated water is more than or equal to 2.5, the oxygen consumption of outlet water is less than 1mg/L, the total hardness is less than 110mg/L, the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the TOC is less than 0.8mg/L.
The technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects: the high-quality direct drinking water can be obtained by directly treating raw water on the slightly and moderately polluted ground surface under the condition of surpassing water inlet and dosing, all key equipment in the whole process section are quickly connected and replaced, the filter element has high dirt-containing capacity and strong pollution load impact, the flux can be recovered to over 75 percent of the original flux after physical cleaning, the flux can be recovered to 85 percent after back diffusion chemical cleaning, and the continuous operation is carried out without physical and chemical cleaning; the flux can be restored to more than 90 percent after chemical cleaning, the continuous working life is longer than 12 months, bipolar selective water outlet, uninterrupted circulation of produced water and real-time disinfection can be realized, and the quality of high-quality direct drinking water and the service life and the replacement period of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane are effectively ensured. All parts of the double-ceramic water purifying device are sanitary stainless steel and glass, so that water quality risks such as micro-plastics and the like of water production are effectively avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an integrated schematic view of a two-stage water purification device in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an integrated schematic diagram of a two-stage water purification device according to another embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals in fig. 1 are explained as follows: 1. a water source; 2. adding a medicine; 3. a first pump; 4. a water delivery pipe; 5. an ultrafiltration device; 6. a first water inlet; 7. a water outlet II; 8. a first water outlet; 9. a first water tank; 10. A three-way valve; 11. a second pump; 12. a water inlet II; 13. a nanofiltration device; 14. a water outlet III; 15. a water outlet IV; 16. a second water tank; 17. a circulation pump; 18. a sterilizing device; 19. a water intake device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present application, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B", including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a two-stage water purification device, and this two-stage water purification device adopts the two-stage water purification advanced treatment process of ultrafiltration + nanofiltration, can obtain high-quality straight drinking water to the direct processing of the earth's surface raw water that little medium-range degree pollutes, and gained quality of water is compared conventional drinking water treatment process and is showing the promotion, has effectively satisfied people's demand to high-quality drinking water.
As shown in fig. 1, the two-stage water purifying device includes a water pipe 4, and a dosing point 2, a first pump 3, an ultrafiltration device 5, a second pump (high-pressure pump) 11 and a nanofiltration device 13 which are sequentially connected to the water pipe 4 along the water flow direction of the water pipe, wherein the first pump 3 takes water from a water source 1 (such as raw surface water) through the water pipe 4, the dosing point 2 adds drugs into the water obtained from the water pump 3 to pre-treat the water, and then the water is sent to the ultrafiltration device 5 to be filtered, the water filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5 is sent to the nanofiltration device 13 by the second pump 11 to be filtered for the second time, and the water filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 for the second time can be taken out by a water taking device 19 at a downstream water taking point for people to use.
The working principle is as follows: the water at the water source 1 enters a filtering system of the ultrafiltration device 5 through the first pump 3 and through or beyond the dosing point 2, wherein the concentrated water generated after being filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5 is directly discharged through a concentrated water discharge port (a second water outlet 7 at the top) of the ultrafiltration device, and the water generated by the ultrafiltration device 5 enters a first water tank 9 through a first water outlet 8 at the top (the first water tank 9 is not necessary): a) Super-superThe water generated by the filtering device 5 can surpass the nanofiltration device 13 and directly enter a water taking device 19 of a high-quality direct drinking water taking point; b) The water produced by the ultrafiltration device 5 can also be sent into the nanofiltration device 13 system through the second pump 11, the concentrated water filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 is directly discharged through the water outlet four 15 at the top, and the water produced by the nanofiltration device 13 can enter the ultraviolet disinfection device 18 through the second water tank 16 for disinfection or directly enter the water intake device 19 of the high-quality direct drinking water intake point through the ultraviolet disinfection device 18 for disinfection. The first water inlet 6 of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the second water inlet 12 of the nanofiltration device 13 are positioned at the bottom. During ultraviolet disinfection, the measurable ultraviolet radiation dose is more than or equal to 9500 mu W.S/cm 2 。
When the surface raw water is pretreated by adding chemicals, according to at least one item of key water quality indexes of turbidity, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium and the like of the surface raw water, determining parameters such as the type and concentration of the chemicals added by a chemical adding pump, the pipe diameter and length of a folded plate pipeline, the chemical adding reaction time and the like, and directly adding the chemicals to the folded plate pipeline connected to the upstream of a first pump 3 through a chemical adding point 2 by the chemical adding pump; if the surface raw water category is III-V, one of the chemicals which can be added by the chemical adding pump is a high-efficiency pipeline flocculating agent, the adding concentration is 2-5ppm, the pipe Diameter (DN) of the folded plate pipeline is not less than 12, and the steel grating configured on the folded plate pipeline is 15-30mm.
The ultrafiltration device 5 adopts a ceramic ultrafiltration system, the operation flux is 150-200LMH, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 50-100nm; the inflow rate is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the support layer is made of alumina and/or silicon carbide, and the separating layer contains zirconia and/or silicon carbide as an effective component. Continuously operating for 8-12 hours, and soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent for 2-48 hours; the ratio of the ultrafiltration inlet water to the concentrated water is more than or equal to 2:1, and the outlet water SDI 15 Less than or equal to 3, turbidity less than 2NTU and oxygen consumption less than 2mg/L.
The nanofiltration device 13 adopts a ceramic ultrafiltration system, the operation flux is 30-50LMH, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 1-10nm; the inflow rate is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the effective component of the separation layer is zirconium oxide and/or silicon carbide; continuously operating for 8-12 hours, and soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent; nanofiltrationThe ratio of inlet water to concentrated water is more than or equal to 2.5, the oxygen consumption of outlet water is less than 1mg/L, the total hardness is less than 110mg/L, the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the TOC is less than 0.8mg/L.
The two-stage water purification equipment in the embodiment can directly treat the raw water on the slightly and moderately polluted ground surface to obtain high-quality direct drinking water under the condition of surpassing water inlet and dosing, all key equipment in the whole process section are quickly connected and replaced, the filter element has high dirt holding capacity, and the impact of pollution load is strong. Moreover, the flux can be restored to over 75 percent of the original flux after physical cleaning, and the flux can be restored to 85 percent after back diffusion chemical cleaning; the flux can be recovered by more than 90 percent after chemical cleaning, and the continuous working life is longer than 12 months.
Example two:
the embodiment provides a two-stage purifier, and this two-stage purifier adopts the two-stage water purification advanced treatment process who ultrafiltrates + receive and strain, can obtain high-quality straight drinking water to the earth's surface raw water direct treatment that little intermediate range degree pollutes, and gained quality is showing and is promoting compared with conventional drinking water treatment process, has effectively satisfied the demand of people to high-quality drinking water.
In an application embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, two-stage purifier includes raceway 4 and follows the rivers direction and loop through dosing point 2, first pump 3, ultrafiltration device 5, second pump 11 and the nanofiltration device 13 of raceway 4 intercommunication, first pump 3 is through 1 water intaking in raceway 4 follow water source, dosing point 2 adds the medicine to water to carry out the preliminary treatment to water toward the aquatic that water pump 3 got, then is sent to ultrafiltration device 5 and filters, and the pure water that finishes filtering is sent to nanofiltration device 13 by second pump 11 and is carried out the secondary filtration, and the pure water after the secondary filtration can be taken out by water intaking device 19 and supply people to use.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the dosing point 2 may be provided with a dosing pump, and the drug is injected into the water pipe 4 through the dosing pump, where the parameters of the selection type, concentration, dosing reaction time, and the like of the drug are selected according to any one or more of water quality indexes such as turbidity, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, and the like of the water extracted by the first pump 3, for example, the category of the water extracted by the first pump 3 is level III-V, one of the chemicals that can be dosed by the dosing pump is a high-efficiency pipeline flocculant, and the dosing concentration is 2-5ppm.
In this embodiment, the two-stage purifier still includes the folded plate pipeline, the folded plate pipeline is used for carrying out folded plate flocculation and precipitation to the water that first pump 3 extracted, then strengthens the preliminary treatment effect to water, the pipe diameter of folded plate pipeline, length are selected according to any one or more in the water quality index such as turbidity, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium of the water that first pump 3 extracted.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the two-stage water purifying device further comprises a disinfecting device 18 disposed on the water pipe 4 for disinfecting the purified water flowing out of the nanofiltration device 13 to ensure the water taken out by the water taking device 19 to be used by people to be clean, preferably, the disinfecting device 18 employs ultraviolet rays for disinfection, and the measurable ultraviolet radiation dose during ultraviolet disinfection is more than or equal to 9500 μ W · S/cm 2 。
In this embodiment, the water intake device 19 may be a faucet or other water outlet switch, and as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of water intake devices 19 may be disposed on the water pipe 4 to facilitate a plurality of people to take water simultaneously.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the two-stage water purifying device further includes a first water tank 9, the first water tank 9 is disposed between the ultrafiltration device 5 and the second pump 11 on the water pipe 4, and is used for temporarily storing purified water flowing out after being filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5, and meanwhile, the subsequent second pump 11 can continuously and normally pump water.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the two-stage water purifying apparatus further includes a second water tank 16 and a circulating pump 17 disposed on the water pipe 4, the second water tank 16 is used for storing pure water flowing out from the nanofiltration device 13, so that the subsequent circulating pump 17 can continuously and normally pump water, the circulating pump 17 is used for pumping the pure water in the second water tank 16 and sending the pure water to the first water tank 9, so as to realize circulating filtration of water, and ensure that the pure water flowing out from the water taking device 19 is fresh, of course, when the water taking device 19 is turned on to take water, the circulating pump 17 pumps a part of the pure water in the second water tank 16 and sends the purified water to the first water tank 9, and when the water taking device 19 is turned off, the circulating pump 17 pumps all the pure water in the second water tank 16 and sends the purified water to the first water tank 9, so that the pure water flowing out from the nanofiltration device 13 is kept fresh constantly, which is beneficial to improving water quality.
In the embodiment, the ultrafiltration device 5 comprises a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane, preferably, the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane has the operation flux of 150-200LMH, the pore diameter of 50-100nm, and the inflow water flow rate of more than or equal to 1.0m 3 The ceramic ultrafiltration membrane is formed by bonding a supporting layer and a separating layer, wherein the supporting layer is made of alumina or silicon carbide, and the separating layer is made of zirconia or silicon carbide.
In this embodiment, the nanofiltration device 13 includes a ceramic nanofiltration membrane, the operating flux of the ceramic nanofiltration membrane is 30-50LMH, the pore diameter is 1-10nm, and the material of the ceramic nanofiltration membrane is the same as that of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane.
In this embodiment, the two-stage water purification device further comprises a cleaning device, which is used for cleaning the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane after working for a period of time, so that the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane can be reused, the cleaning device has two modes of physical cleaning and chemical cleaning, the flux of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane can be recovered to more than 75% of the original flux by adopting a physical cleaning method of directly washing with clear water, and the flux of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane can be recovered to more than 90% of the original flux by adopting 1000ppm of sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% of alkaline cleaning agents and 0.5-5% of acidic cleaning agents for soaking and cleaning.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a water inlet first 6 of the ultrafiltration device 5 is communicated with the first pump 3 through a water pipe 4, a water outlet first 8 of the ultrafiltration device 5 is communicated with the first water tank 9 through the water pipe 4, sewage generated after the ultrafiltration device 5 filters water is discharged from a water outlet second 7, the ratio of inlet water of the ultrafiltration device 5 to outlet water of the sewage is not less than 2:1, the outlet water SDI15 is not more than 3, the turbidity is less than 2NTU, and the oxygen consumption is less than 2mg/L.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a second water inlet 12 of the nanofiltration device 13 is communicated with a second pump 11 through a water pipe 4, a third water outlet 14 of the nanofiltration device 13 is communicated with a second water tank 16 through the water pipe 4, sewage generated after water is filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 is discharged from a fourth water outlet 15, the ratio of inlet water to outlet water of the nanofiltration device 13 is greater than or equal to 2.5.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the two-stage water purifying device further includes a three-way valve 10, the three-way valve 10 is connected between the first water tank 9 and the second pump 11 on the water pipe 4, and the remaining outlet of the three-way valve 10 is communicated with the water outlet of the second water tank 16, so that when the purified water filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5 is enough to meet the use requirement, the three-way valve 10 can be controlled to change direction to directly send the purified water filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5 to the water intake device 19 for discharging, or the purified water is driven by the circulating pump 17 to circularly flow between the first water tank 9 and the second water tank 16 through the water pipe 4 to keep fresh, and when high-quality purified water is required, such as direct drinking water, the three-way valve 10 can be controlled to change direction to send the purified water flowing out from the first water tank 9 to the nanofiltration device 13 by the high-pressure pump 11 for secondary filtration.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate maintenance of the two-stage water purification apparatus, the dosing point 2, the first pump 3, the ultrafiltration apparatus 5, the first water tank 9, the second water tank 16, the three-way valve 10, the second pump 11, the circulating pump 17, the disinfection apparatus 18, the water intake apparatus 19, and the nanofiltration apparatus 13 are all communicated with the water pipe 4 through quick-release interfaces.
In addition, in order to solve the above problem, the present application also provides a two-stage water purification method, comprising:
s1, taking water from a water source 1 and adding drugs into the water to pretreat the water, wherein parameters such as the selection type, concentration, drug adding reaction time and the like of the added drugs are selected according to any one or more of water quality indexes such as turbidity, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium and the like of the water extracted by a first pump 3, for example, the class of the water extracted by the water pump 3 is III-V grade, one of the drugs which can be added by a drug adding pump is a high-efficiency pipeline flocculating agent, and the adding concentration is 2-5ppm;
s2, conveying the pretreated water to an ultrafiltration device 5 for filtration, wherein as shown in figure 1, the filtered pure water flows out from a first water outlet 8, and the sewage flows out from a second water outlet 7;
and S3, sending the filtered pure water to a nanofiltration device 13 for secondary filtration, wherein a high-pressure pump 11 is usually arranged at the front end of the nanofiltration device 13, the water is sent into the nanofiltration device 13 by virtue of a second pump 11, the pure water filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 flows out from a third water outlet 14, and the sewage flows out from a fourth water outlet 15.
The two-stage water purification method of the embodiment adopts a two-stage water purification advanced treatment process of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, and can directly treat the surface raw water polluted by micro-medium degree to obtain high-quality direct drinking water, and the obtained water quality is remarkably improved compared with the conventional drinking water treatment process, so that the demand of people on the high-quality drinking water is effectively met.
In this embodiment, the purified water flowing out of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 in steps S2 and S3 is preferably temporarily stored in a water tank so that the subsequent high-pressure pump 11 and the subsequent circulation pump 17 can pump water normally.
In this embodiment, further, the two-stage water purification method further includes:
s4, sterilizing the purified water subjected to secondary filtration to further improve the water quality, preferably, sterilizing by ultraviolet rays;
s5, conveying the purified water subjected to secondary filtration to the nanofiltration device 13 for secondary filtration so as to keep the water quality fresh, wherein in a common way, as shown in figure 1, a circulating pump 17 is arranged at the water outlet end of a second water tank 16, when a water taking device 19 is closed, the circulating pump 17 continuously conveys a water source 1 in the second water tank 16 to a first water tank 9 for repeated filtration so as to keep the water quality fresh, when the water taking device 19 is opened for taking water, the circulating pump 17 pumps one part of the water in the second water tank 16 to the water taking device 19, and the other part of the water is conveyed to the first water tank 9;
and S6, cleaning the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 at intervals, wherein the cleaning method comprises physical cleaning and chemical cleaning, and preferably, the time interval between two adjacent cleaning is 8-12 hours.
In this embodiment, the physical cleaning method in step S6 is to directly wash the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 with clean water, and after cleaning, the flux of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane can recover to more than 75%.
In this embodiment, the chemical cleaning method in step S6 includes:
s61, soaking and cleaning the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 for 2-48 hours by adopting 1000ppm of sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% of alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% of acidic cleaning agent;
s62, washing the soaked ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and ceramic nanofiltration membrane with clear water, wherein the flux of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane can recover over 90 percent after chemical cleaning.
The specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is by way of example only and is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to the present application are within the scope of the present application for those skilled in the art. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application are intended to be covered by the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A two-stage water purifying device is characterized by comprising a water conveying pipe, a first pump, an ultrafiltration device, a second pump and a nanofiltration device which are sequentially connected through the water conveying pipe, wherein a dosing point is arranged at the upstream of the ultrafiltration device; the first pump sends the water after adding the chemicals to the ultrafiltration device for filtration through the water delivery pipe, and the water after ultrafiltration filtration is sent to the nanofiltration device for secondary filtration by the second pump; and a water taking pipe opening is arranged on the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the nanofiltration device.
2. A two-stage water purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein downstream of the nanofiltration device, the water transport pipe is further connected to a disinfection device for disinfecting the water flowing out of the nanofiltration device, said disinfection device being an ultraviolet disinfection device.
3. A two-stage water purification unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the disinfection device is located downstream of the second pump and upstream of the water intake.
4. A two stage water purification unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water conduit is further connected to a first water tank, said first water tank being disposed between the ultrafiltration device and the high pressure pump for receiving water filtered by the ultrafiltration device.
5. The two-stage water purification device according to claim 4, wherein the water delivery pipe is further connected with a second water tank and a circulating pump in sequence at the downstream of the nanofiltration device and at the upstream of the water intake pipe, and the second water tank is positioned between the circulating pump and the nanofiltration device and is used for receiving purified water flowing out of the nanofiltration device; the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the circulating pump returns to the first water tank, the circulating pump is used for pumping water in the second water tank and sending the water to the first water tank, and the water taking pipe opening is positioned between the circulating pump and the first water tank.
6. The two-stage water purification unit of claim 1, wherein the ultrafiltration device water inlet is located at the bottom of the ultrafiltration device and the water outlet is located at the top of the ultrafiltration device; the water inlet of the nanofiltration device is positioned at the bottom of the nanofiltration device, and the water outlet of the nanofiltration device is positioned at the top of the nanofiltration device.
7. The two-stage water purification apparatus of claim 6, wherein the ultrafiltration device and the nanofiltration device are provided with a concentrate discharge outlet, which is higher than the water inlet.
8. A two-stage water purification unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein upstream of the first pump, the water conduit is connected to a flap conduit, and the dosing point is located upstream of the flap conduit or the flap conduit.
9. A two-stage water purification unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrafiltration unit operates at a flux of 150 to 200LMH and the ultrafiltration membrane has a pore size of 50 to 100nm; the inflow rate is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 /h。
10. The two-stage water purification unit of claim 1, wherein the nanofiltration device operates at a flux of 30 to 50LMH and the ultrafiltration membrane has a pore size of 1 to 10nm; influent water flowThe amount is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 /h。
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