CN217956119U - Single-cone antenna - Google Patents
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- CN217956119U CN217956119U CN202222155523.6U CN202222155523U CN217956119U CN 217956119 U CN217956119 U CN 217956119U CN 202222155523 U CN202222155523 U CN 202222155523U CN 217956119 U CN217956119 U CN 217956119U
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, concretely relates to single cone antenna, include: a circular bottom plate and a plurality of dielectric plates; the dielectric plates are arranged at the top of the bottom plate at intervals along the circumferential direction, are perpendicular to the bottom plate and are overlapped with the radial direction of the bottom plate, and the outer edges of the dielectric plates are positioned on the same circumference; the two sides of the dielectric plate are respectively provided with a first metal layer, and all the first metal layers form a radiation surface with a conical structure; the top of the bottom plate is provided with a second metal layer which is connected with the bottom of each first metal layer; the first metal layer is of an inverted right trapezoid structure; preferably, the number of the dielectric plates is even, and two dielectric plates on the same diameter of the bottom plate are integrally formed; further preferably, the number of the dielectric plates is four, and the four dielectric plates are vertically inserted to form a cross structure. According to the antenna, the manufacturing process difficulty and the production cost can be reduced on the basis of the antenna broadband and the small-sized characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a single-cone antenna.
Background
A single-cone antenna is essentially a conical monopole antenna. At high frequencies, the single-cone antenna approximates the performance of an infinite single-cone antenna. The energy from the feed point is spread out from the cone apex to the surface of the cone until the vertical distance between the ring on the cone and the cone apex is approximately a quarter of a wavelength, and a large amount of energy is radiated, for example, for a signal with a frequency of 5GHz, the quarter wavelength is 1.5cm, theoretically, as long as the antenna cone height exceeds 1.5cm, the antenna can meet the basic requirements of antenna design in size, and has the characteristic of small size. The radiation of the monopole antenna is generally formed by superposition of direct radiation waves introduced by feeding and diffracted waves at a line end, the size and phase relation between incident waves and the diffracted waves determine the mode and impedance performance of the antenna, the bandwidth of the antenna is easily influenced due to the phase coherence between the incident waves and the diffracted waves, and the coherence between the diffracted waves and the incident waves formed at the cone edge of the single-cone antenna is weaker, so that the working bandwidth of the single-cone antenna is wider. Based on such characteristics, with the popularization of 5G communication technology, the use demand of the single cone antenna increases.
However, since the housing of the single-cone antenna is conical, the housing is usually formed by CNC, casting or spinning, and the processing cost is high; because the structural support area of the inverted cone is small, an additional auxiliary support material is needed for fixation, the performance of the antenna is easily influenced by the additional material, and the structural strength requirement is difficult to achieve in severe use scenes. Therefore, the popularization difficulty of the single-cone antenna is high due to the limitation of the structural process and the strength.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a single-cone antenna, which can reduce the difficulty of the manufacturing process and the production cost on the basis of the broadband and small-sized characteristics of the antenna.
A single-cone antenna, comprising: a circular bottom plate and a plurality of dielectric plates;
the dielectric plates are arranged at the top of the bottom plate at intervals along the circumferential direction, are perpendicular to the bottom plate and are overlapped with the bottom plate in the radial direction, and the outer edges of the dielectric plates are located on the same circumference;
first metal layers are arranged on two sides of the dielectric plate, and all the first metal layers form a radiation surface with a conical structure;
and a second metal layer is arranged on the top of the bottom plate and is connected with the bottom of each first metal layer.
In one embodiment, the first metal layer is an inverted right trapezoid structure.
In one embodiment, the number of the dielectric plates is even, and two dielectric plates on the same diameter of the bottom plate are integrally formed.
In one embodiment, the number of the dielectric plates is four, and the four dielectric plates are vertically inserted to form a cross structure.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a circular top plate;
the top plate is connected with the top of each dielectric plate, and the circle center of the top plate and the circle center of the bottom plate are positioned on the same vertical line;
and a third metal layer is arranged at the bottom of the top plate and is connected with the top of each first metal layer.
In one embodiment, the top plate is provided with a fourth metal layer on the top;
the fourth metal layer and the third metal layer are both circular, and the circle center of the fourth metal layer and the circle center of the third metal layer are located on the same vertical line;
the roof is provided with a plurality of through holes, a fifth metal layer is arranged on the hole wall of each through hole, and two ends of the fifth metal layer are respectively connected with the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer.
In one embodiment, the number of the through holes is 10 to 30.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a coaxial feed port;
a sixth metal layer is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate;
the outer shell of the coaxial feed port is connected with the sixth metal layer, and the inner core of the coaxial feed port penetrates through the bottom plate and then is connected with the second metal layer.
In one embodiment, the sixth metal layer is a ring structure, and the sixth metal layer is spaced around the inner core of the coaxial feed port.
In one embodiment, the sixth metal layer is a circular ring structure, and an inner diameter of the sixth metal layer is 2 to 5 times an inner core diameter of the coaxial feed port.
In the single-cone antenna, the plurality of dielectric plates are arranged on the bottom plate, the dielectric plates are used as main substrates, the first metal layers are printed on two sides of each dielectric plate, the outer edges of the dielectric plates are positioned on the same circumference, and all the first metal layers form the radiation surface of the cone structure, so that an approximately inverted cone structure can be formed, and the single-cone antenna has the performance of an approximately infinite single-cone high-frequency antenna; the medium plate can be in common shapes, and has simple structure, simple process and lower cost; the structure support area of a plurality of dielectric slabs is big, does not need plus auxiliary stay material fixed, can not reach the structural strength requirement because of plus material influence antenna performance, can be convenient for popularize in abominable use scene, and application scope is wide, and the practicality is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a single cone antenna without hidden lines;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a single cone antenna showing hidden lines;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a single cone antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a single cone antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a dielectric plate and a first metal layer in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph of single cone antenna reflection coefficient calculated using CST software in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a single cone antenna pattern calculated using CST software in one embodiment; (a) is the directional diagram of the XZ main working plane of 3GHz, (b) is the directional diagram of the XY main working plane of 3GHz, (c) is the directional diagram of the XZ main working plane of 3.5GHz, (d) is the directional diagram of the XY main working plane of 3GHz, (e) is the directional diagram of the XZ main working plane of 4GHz, (f) is the directional diagram of the XY main working plane of 3GHz, (g) is the directional diagram of the XZ main working plane of 4.5GHz, and (h) is the directional diagram of the XY main working plane of 3 GHz;
fig. 8 is a graph of single cone antenna gain calculated using the CST software in one embodiment.
Reference numerals are as follows:
the coaxial feed port comprises a first metal layer 1, a second metal layer 2, a third metal layer 3, a fourth metal layer 4, a fifth metal layer 5, a sixth metal layer 6, a bottom plate 7, a dielectric plate 8, a top plate 9, a shell 10 of the coaxial feed port and an inner core 11 of the coaxial feed port.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present application provides a single cone antenna, which includes, in one embodiment: a circular bottom plate 7 and a plurality of dielectric plates 8; the dielectric plates 8 are arranged at the top of the bottom plate 7 at intervals along the circumferential direction, each dielectric plate 8 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 7 and is overlapped with the radial direction of the bottom plate 7, and the outer edges of the dielectric plates 8 are positioned on the same circumference; the two sides of the dielectric plate 8 are both provided with first metal layers 1, and all the first metal layers 1 form a radiation surface with a conical structure; the top of the bottom plate 7 is provided with a second metal layer 2, and the second metal layer 2 is connected with the bottom of each first metal layer 1.
In the present embodiment, the dielectric plate 8 is made of a non-conductive material, but the shape and size of the dielectric plate 8 are not limited, and may be specifically set according to the actual situation, for example: rectangular, trapezoidal, etc.
Preferably, the thickness of the dielectric plate 8 is 0.8mm to 1.6mm, which meets the processing standard commonly used in the industry and can reduce the production cost.
The connection mode of the medium plate 8 and the bottom plate 7 belongs to the prior art, for example: welding, gluing, clamping, mortise and tenon connection and the like.
The dielectric plates 8 are distributed in a circular array, one corresponding end faces the center of the bottom plate 7, and the other corresponding end faces the outer side of the bottom plate 7.
It should be noted that, a corresponding end of each dielectric slab may be provided with a space, or may be connected to each other, and the connection manner belongs to the prior art, and is not described herein again.
Preferably, all dielectric plates are integrally formed to improve the structural strength of the antenna and save the assembly process.
Preferably, the number of the dielectric plates 8 is even, and two dielectric plates 8 located on the same diameter of the bottom plate 7 are integrally formed to form a dielectric plate group. All the dielectric plate groups are spliced to form a star-shaped structure. The structural strength of the antenna can be improved by the arrangement, and the antenna is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain subsequently.
It is further preferred that the number of media plate groups is two, three or four, so that adjacent media plate groups are spaced apart by 90 °, 60 ° or 45 °, easy to process and easy to maintain.
More preferably, the number of the dielectric plates 8 is four, so as to form two dielectric plate groups, and the four dielectric plates are vertically inserted to form a cross structure. The structural strength of the antenna is guaranteed, and meanwhile materials and cost are saved. As shown in fig. 5.
The present embodiment does not limit the specific shape of the first metal layers as long as all the first metal layers 1 constitute the radiation surfaces of the tapered structure.
Preferably, the first metal layer 1 has an inverted right-angled trapezoidal structure. The first metal layer of the right trapezoid structure is convenient to print, and the formed radiation surface is similar to an inverted cone structure, so that excellent antenna performance is guaranteed.
Preferably, the first metal layer on the dielectric plate group forms a symmetrical trapezoid structure, and the range of the vertex angle of the symmetrical trapezoid is 120-150 degrees, in this range, the antenna impedance changes insignificantly with the frequency, thereby realizing a wider bandwidth.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows: the antenna signal is transmitted from the bottom plate, reaches the first metal layer through the second metal layer, is diffused along the radiation surface from bottom to top and is radiated out.
In the single-cone antenna, the plurality of dielectric plates are arranged on the bottom plate, the dielectric plates are used as main substrates, the first metal layers are printed on two sides of each dielectric plate, the outer edges of the dielectric plates are positioned on the same circumference, and all the first metal layers form the radiation surface of the cone structure, so that an approximately inverted cone structure can be formed, and the single-cone antenna has the performance of an approximately infinite single-cone high-frequency antenna; the medium plate can be in common shapes, and has simple structure, simple process and lower cost; the structure supporting area of the dielectric plates is large, the dielectric plates are not fixed by additional auxiliary supporting materials, the performance of the antenna is not influenced by the additional materials, the structural strength requirement can be met in a severe use scene, and the dielectric plates are convenient to popularize, wide in application range and high in practicability; the multiple dielectric plates can also realize the omni-directionality of the antenna, and the gain is high.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a circular top plate 9; the top plate 9 is connected with the top of each dielectric slab 8, and the circle center of the top plate 9 and the circle center of the bottom plate 7 are positioned on the same vertical line; the bottom of the top plate 9 is provided with a third metal layer 3, and the third metal layer 3 is connected with the top of each first metal layer 1.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows: the antenna signal is transmitted from the bottom plate, reaches the first metal layer through the second metal layer, is diffused to the third metal layer from bottom to top along the radiation surface, and is radiated out after passing through the third metal layer.
In the embodiment, the top plate is additionally arranged and the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel to each other, so that the antenna has loading, the current distribution on the antenna can be changed, the bandwidth is increased, and the size of the antenna is reduced; and a third metal layer is additionally arranged, so that the radiation area of antenna signals can be increased, and the antenna performance is improved.
Preferably, the top of the top plate 9 is provided with a fourth metal layer 4; the fourth metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 3 are both circular, and the circle center of the fourth metal layer 4 and the circle center of the third metal layer 3 are positioned on the same vertical line; a plurality of through holes are arranged on the top plate 9, a fifth metal layer 5 is arranged on the wall of each through hole, and two ends of the fifth metal layer 5 are respectively connected with the third metal layer 3 and the fourth metal layer 4.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows: the antenna signal is transmitted from the bottom plate, reaches the first metal layer through the second metal layer, is diffused to the third metal layer from bottom to top along the radiation surface, reaches the fourth metal layer through the fifth metal layer, and finally is radiated out.
In this embodiment, a fourth metal layer is additionally provided, the fourth metal layer is communicated with the third metal layer through a fifth metal layer, and the edges of the fourth metal layer and the third metal layer form an approximate conical edge, so that the radiation area of an antenna signal is further increased, and the antenna performance is improved.
Need to explain: the through holes and the fifth metal layer jointly form metal through holes.
Further preferably, the number of the through holes is 10 to 30.
Therefore, in a limited processing space, the adverse effect of the distributed capacitance formed by the upper and lower metal layers (namely the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer) of the circular top plate on the antenna performance can be eliminated as much as possible.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a coaxial feed port; a sixth metal layer 6 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate 7; the outer shell 10 of the coaxial feed port is connected with the sixth metal layer 6, and the inner core 11 of the coaxial feed port penetrates through the bottom plate 7 and then is connected with the second metal layer 2.
Note that the sixth metal layer 6 has a ring structure, and the sixth metal layer 6 surrounds the inner core 11 of the coaxial feeding port at intervals.
In the embodiment, the outer shell and the inner core of the coaxial feed port are isolated by a non-conductive material; the sixth metal layer is a grounding metal layer, and the shell of the coaxial feed port is connected with the sixth metal layer to realize grounding; the inner core of the coaxial feed port is connected with the second metal layer so as to transmit antenna signals.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows: antenna signals are transmitted into the bottom plate from the inner core of the coaxial feed port, reach the first metal layer through the second metal layer, are diffused to the third metal layer from bottom to top along the radiation surface, reach the fourth metal layer through the fifth metal layer, and finally are radiated out, and meanwhile, the shell of the coaxial feed port is connected with the sixth metal layer to achieve grounding.
Preferably, the sixth metal layer 6 is a circular ring structure, and the inner diameter of the sixth metal layer 6 is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the inner core 11 of the coaxial feed port.
The arrangement ensures the area of the grounding metal layer as large as possible on the basis of ensuring that the inner core of the coaxial feed port has enough isolation distance with the grounding metal layer (namely, the sixth metal layer), thereby realizing better reflection effect of the grounding metal layer and optimizing the overall radiation effect of the antenna.
The change of the working bandwidth of the antenna can be realized by adjusting the size of the antenna, and how to adjust the working bandwidth of the antenna belongs to the prior art and is not described herein again.
By appropriately adjusting the thickness of the base plate, the distance between the second metal layer and the sixth metal layer can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the impedance matching.
In the present application, if the metal layers (including the first metal layer, the second metal layer, the third metal layer, the fourth metal layer, the fifth metal layer and the sixth metal layer) are connected to each other, a welding manner may be adopted.
The standing wave curve, the gain curve and the 3.5GHz direction curve of the single-cone antenna are calculated by using CST software.
In a specific embodiment, the diameter of the top plate 9 is 30mm, the thickness of the top plate is 1.6mm, the diameter of the bottom plate 7 is 100mm, the thickness of the bottom plate is 16mm, the height of the dielectric plate 8 is 10mm, the thickness of the dielectric plate is 1.6mm, the dielectric constants of the top plate 9, the bottom plate 7 and the dielectric plate 8 are all 4.6, the diameter of the second metal layer 2 is 3mm, the diameter of the third metal layer 3 is 26mm, the diameter of the fourth metal layer 4 is 29mm, the number of the metal through holes is 28, the outer diameter of the sixth metal layer 6 is 96mm, and the metal part is made of copper.
As shown in fig. 6, the antenna realizes an impedance bandwidth of not less than 3GHz to 4.5GHz, which characteristic inherits the characteristics of a single cone antenna.
As shown in fig. 7, referring to the reference coordinate systems of fig. 1 to 4, and according to the result of fig. 7, the antenna has a good half power radiation angle in the vertical direction and an omni-directionality in the horizontal direction in the bandwidth range of 3GHz to 4.5GHz, and this characteristic inherits the characteristics of the single cone antenna.
As shown in FIG. 8, the gain reaches 2.5dBi in the bandwidth range of 3GHz to 4.5GHz, and the method can be used for 5G mobile communication with a specific bandwidth.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A single-cone antenna, comprising: a circular bottom plate and a plurality of dielectric plates;
the dielectric plates are arranged at the top of the bottom plate at intervals along the circumferential direction, are perpendicular to the bottom plate and are overlapped with the bottom plate in the radial direction, and the outer edges of the dielectric plates are located on the same circumference;
first metal layers are arranged on two sides of the dielectric plate, and all the first metal layers form a radiation surface with a conical structure;
and a second metal layer is arranged on the top of the bottom plate and connected with the bottom of each first metal layer.
2. The single cone antenna of claim 1 wherein the first metal layer is an inverted right trapezoid structure.
3. The single-cone antenna according to claim 2, wherein the number of the dielectric plates is even, and two dielectric plates located on the same diameter of the bottom plate are integrally formed.
4. The single-cone antenna according to claim 3, wherein the number of the dielectric plates is four, and four dielectric plates are vertically inserted to form a cross structure.
5. The single-cone antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a circular top plate;
the top plate is connected with the top of each dielectric plate, and the circle center of the top plate and the circle center of the bottom plate are positioned on the same vertical line;
and a third metal layer is arranged at the bottom of the top plate and is connected with the top of each first metal layer.
6. The single-cone antenna according to claim 5, wherein a fourth metal layer is provided on top of the top plate;
the fourth metal layer and the third metal layer are both circular, and the circle center of the fourth metal layer and the circle center of the third metal layer are positioned on the same vertical line;
be equipped with a plurality of through-holes on the roof, be equipped with fifth metal layer on the pore wall of through-hole, the both ends on fifth metal layer respectively with the third metal level and the fourth metal level meets.
7. The single-cone antenna according to claim 6, wherein the number of the through holes is 10 to 30.
8. The single cone antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4 further comprising: a coaxial feed port;
a sixth metal layer is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate;
the outer shell of the coaxial feed port is connected with the sixth metal layer, and the inner core of the coaxial feed port penetrates through the bottom plate and then is connected with the second metal layer.
9. The single cone antenna of claim 8 wherein the sixth metal layer is a ring structure and the sixth metal layer is spaced around the inner core of the coaxial feed port.
10. The single cone antenna of claim 9 wherein the sixth metal layer is a circular ring structure and has an inner diameter 2 to 5 times the inner core diameter of the coaxial feed port.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222155523.6U CN217956119U (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Single-cone antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222155523.6U CN217956119U (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Single-cone antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217956119U true CN217956119U (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202222155523.6U Active CN217956119U (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Single-cone antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN217956119U (en) |
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- 2022-08-16 CN CN202222155523.6U patent/CN217956119U/en active Active
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