CN217468794U

CN217468794U - Antenna structure

Info

Publication number: CN217468794U
Application number: CN202221834679.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴佳伟
Original assignee: Mind Electronics Appliance Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ruibo Perception Technology Hebei Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-07-15
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-15

Abstract

The utility model provides a pair of antenna structure relates to radar equipment technical field to optimize antenna structure to a certain extent, the shape of level and smooth directional diagram reduces the shake of directional diagram, improves the radar coverage. The utility model provides an antenna structure, which comprises a substrate, an antenna main body and a plurality of grounding components; the antenna body and the grounding members are arranged on the substrate, the antenna body is comb-shaped, the grounding members are distributed on two sides of the antenna body, and the grounding members located on the same side are arranged at intervals to form an electromagnetic band gap. Because the antenna main part can produce the surface wave when using, can radiate to free space after the surface wave reachs the both sides of base plate, cause the directional diagram shake, consequently, this application is through a plurality of ground component that lay in antenna main part both sides, and a plurality of ground component form the electromagnetic band gap to can restrain the propagation of surface wave to a certain extent, and then can reduce the shake of directional diagram, improve the radar coverage.

Description

Antenna structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of radar equipment and specifically relates to an antenna structure is related to.

Background

The antenna is an important component of the millimeter wave radar, the performance of the antenna directly affects the overall performance of the radar, and the directional diagram is an important index for measuring the performance of the antenna, and a designer needs to give sufficient attention.

In the current common MIMO (multiple-in multiple out) radar, antennas are arranged according to array elements, and are placed at specific positions of a PCB according to a certain rule, wherein some array elements are located in the center of the PCB, some are located at the side edges of the PCB, and other array elements are located in the corners of the oblique opposite angles of the PCB, and ideally, the antennas at these different positions should have the same performance, which requires that their patterns are identical, in addition, the pattern should be smooth as a function of coverage angle, but in practical cases, due to the influence of external factors, the performance of a directional diagram of an array element has a large difference from an ideal state, and the conventional antenna form is a microstrip antenna manufactured based on a low-cost and easily-integrated PCB process and is divided into a vertically-polarized series-fed antenna and a horizontally-polarized comb antenna according to a polarization mode, but the actual achieved effect of the two antennas is often not ideal.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide an antenna structure to solve the problems in the prior art to some extent.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an antenna structure to optimize antenna structure to a certain extent, the shape of level and smooth directional diagram reduces the shake of directional diagram, improves the radar coverage.

The utility model provides an antenna structure, which comprises a substrate, an antenna main body and a plurality of grounding components; the antenna main body and the plurality of grounding members are arranged on the substrate, the plurality of grounding members are distributed on two sides of the antenna main body, and the plurality of grounding members positioned on the same side are arranged at intervals to form an electromagnetic band gap.

The antenna body is comb-shaped and is made of metal materials.

Specifically, the antenna body includes a radiation branch and a feeder line; the feeder line extends along the length direction of the substrate, one end of the radiation branch is connected with the feeder line, and the other end of the radiation branch extends along the width direction of the substrate.

Specifically, one end of the feeder line is provided with a feed portion, and the feed portion provides signal input for the antenna main body.

Furthermore, the number of the radiation branches is multiple, and the multiple radiation branches are alternately arranged on two sides of the feeder line.

More closely, the feeder includes rake and connecting portion, connecting portion follow the length direction of base plate extends, the rake with connecting portion are the angle setting, just the one end of radiation minor matters with connecting portion are connected.

The grounding members are distributed in a matrix form, and the electromagnetic band gap between every two adjacent rows of the grounding members is the same as that between every two adjacent rows of the grounding members.

Specifically, the grounding member is provided with a grounding hole, and the grounding hole is located at the center of the grounding member.

Further, the grounding member is made of a metal material, and the grounding member has a square structure.

More closely, the base plate is the PCB board.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides an antenna structure has following advantage:

Therefore, the antenna main body arranged on the substrate can receive radio-frequency signals sent by an external radio-frequency port, and the antenna main body can excite surface waves when in work, and the surface waves can radiate to free space after reaching the edges of the two sides of the substrate and are superposed with a directional diagram in an ideal state to cause the jitter of the directional diagram.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a first viewing angle of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a second view angle of the antenna structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2 at B.

In the figure: 1-a substrate; 2-an antenna body; 201-a feeder line; 2011-connection; 2012-inclined part; 202-radiation branch; 203-a power feed; 3-a ground member; 301-electromagnetic bandgap; 302-ground via.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are only used for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more of the items.

For ease of description, spatial relationship terms such as "above … …," "upper," "below … …," and "lower" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatial relationship terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms also are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" specify the presence of stated features, quantities, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and/or combinations thereof.

Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, may be expected. Thus, the examples described herein are not limited to the particular shapes shown in the drawings, but include changes in shape that occur during manufacturing.

The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application. Further, while the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible, as will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an antenna structure, which includes a substrate 1, an antenna main body 2, and a plurality of grounding members 3; the antenna body 2 and the plurality of grounding members 3 are disposed on the substrate 1, the plurality of grounding members 3 are disposed on two sides of the antenna body 2, and the plurality of grounding members 3 located on the same side are disposed at intervals to form an electromagnetic band gap 301.

the utility model provides an antenna structure, can receive the radio frequency signal that outside radio frequency port sent through the antenna main part 2 that sets up on base plate 1, because antenna main part 2 can arouse the surface wave at the during operation, and the surface wave can radiate to the free space after the both sides edge that reachs base plate 1, with the directional diagram stack under the ideal condition, cause the shake of directional diagram, therefore, this application further through a plurality of ground connection component 3 of arranging in the position that base plate 1 corresponds 2 both sides of antenna main part, and make 3 intervals of ground connection component set up formation electromagnetic band gap 301, thereby can restrain the transmission of surface wave to a certain extent, and then reduce the shake of directional diagram to a certain extent, the directional diagram that makes the formation can be close the directional diagram under the ideal condition more, improve the coverage of radar.

It should be added that, in the present application, the antenna main body 2 is a microstrip antenna, and the substrate 1 is a PCB, which can reduce the difficulty of integrating the antenna main body 2 and the substrate 1 to a certain extent, and reduce the cost. The microstrip antenna is divided into a vertically polarized series feed antenna and a horizontally polarized comb antenna according to a polarization mode, and because the series feed antenna is influenced by a conventional antenna housing, a horizontal plane directional diagram has distortion about +/-50 degrees, and an obvious gain drop pit exists, so that the coverage capacity of the radar is influenced, therefore, the series feed antenna is adopted at the present stage and needs to be matched with a composite antenna housing structure, so that the phenomenon of gain drop pit can be improved to a certain extent, but the composite antenna housing is complex in process, high in manufacturing cost and poor in strength, and therefore, the application scene is very limited. Preferably, the antenna body 2 in the present application has a comb shape, and the antenna body 2 is made of a metal material. This application adopts comb antenna promptly to can no longer use compound antenna house, the cost is reduced has also improved the application scene to a certain extent, and because comb antenna compares and can improve the phenomenon that the hole falls in the horizontal plane directional diagram in the crosstalk antenna, consequently, also can improve the covering ability of radar.

However, the comb antenna needs to be combined with a wave-absorbing material to improve the problem of poor antenna pattern consistency when in use, and the adoption of the wave-absorbing material can also improve the complexity of the production and manufacturing process to a certain extent and improve the cost, so that the application can ensure that the comb antenna does not need to use the wave-absorbing material any more by arranging the plurality of grounding members 3 on the two sides of the antenna main body 2 and forming the electromagnetic band gaps 301 through the plurality of grounding members 3, and can obtain a more stable pattern only through the matching between the comb antenna and the grounding members 3, thereby improving the consistency of the pattern and the coverage range of the radar.

It is understood that the antenna main body 2 in the present application adopts a comb antenna, and therefore, the antenna main body 2 includes the radiation branches 202 and the feed line 201; the feed line 201 extends along the length direction of the substrate 1, and one end of the radiation branch 202 is connected to the feed line 201, and the other end extends along the width direction of the substrate 1.

Preferably, the extension lengths of the radiating branches 202 in the present application are all the same, and are alternately arranged at intervals on both sides of the feed line 201 along the length direction of the feed line 201. Because the direct quantity of radiation influences the face beamwidth of bowing, consequently, the quantity of radiation minor matters 202 can carry out adaptability according to the demand in this application, and when the face beamwidth that needs bowing is narrower, then the quantity of the radiation minor matters 202 that distribute on feeder 201 is more, when the face beamwidth that needs bowing is wider, then the quantity of the radiation minor matters 202 that distribute on feeder 201 can correspond and reduce.

It should be added here that, in the present application, the radiation branches 202 are alternately arranged at intervals on both sides of the feeder line 201 along the length direction of the feeder line 201, and may also be arranged regularly or irregularly according to requirements.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present application, one end of the feeder 201 is provided with a feeding portion 203, and the feeding portion 203 provides a signal input for the antenna main body 2.

Further preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the feed line 201 in the present application includes an inclined portion 2012 and a connection portion 2011, the connection portion 2011 extends along a length direction of the substrate 1, the inclined portion 2012 is disposed at an angle to the connection portion 2011, and one end of the radiation branch 202 is connected to the connection portion 2011.

The connection portions 2011 can provide corresponding connection positions for the radiation branches 202, and the inclined portions 2012 at both ends of the connection portions 2011 can improve the beam width, and when the inclination angle of the inclined portion 2012 relative to the axis of the substrate 1 in the longitudinal direction is larger, the beam width is wider, so that the radar coverage angle can be improved.

It can be understood that the angle of the inclined part 2012 in the present application can be adjusted according to the requirement.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the plurality of grounding members 3 in the present application are distributed in a matrix form, and the electromagnetic band gap 301 between two adjacent columns of grounding members 3 is the same as the electromagnetic band gap 301 between two adjacent rows of grounding members 3.

Since the space of the substrate 1 is fixed, the space utilization of the substrate 1 can be made more reasonable by distributing the plurality of grounding members 3 in a matrix form, so that the uniformity of the filtering effect of the surface wave generated in the antenna main body 2 can be ensured to some extent, and since the electromagnetic band gaps 301 formed between two adjacent grounding members 3 in each row and each column are the same in the present application, the uniformity of the positions of the directional pattern can be further ensured.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the number of columns of the grounding member 3 shown in the present application is 3 columns, and the number of rows is 33 rows, which is only one preferred embodiment, and the specific number of columns and rows are set according to the size of the substrate 1 and actual requirements, and will not be described herein again.

Above-mentioned ground connection component 3 and antenna main part 2 in this application all adopt metal material to make, and preferably, ground connection component 3 adopts the copper material to make in this application to make into square structure with ground connection component 3, thereby can realize the array of rule better and arrange, and reduce the processing degree of difficulty.

Because the grounding member 3 is made of copper material in the present application, in order to ensure the electrical performance of the overall structure, as shown in fig. 4, the grounding member 3 in the present application is provided with a grounding hole 302, and the grounding hole 302 is located at the center of the grounding member 3, so that on one hand, the safety of the overall antenna structure can be ensured, and on the other hand, the processing difficulty of the grounding hole 302 and the strength of the grounding member 3 can be reduced.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by comprising a substrate (1), an antenna body (2) and a plurality of ground members (3);

the antenna main body (2) and the plurality of grounding members (3) are arranged on the substrate (1), the plurality of grounding members (3) are distributed on two sides of the antenna main body (2), and the plurality of grounding members (3) positioned on the same side are arranged at intervals to form an electromagnetic band gap (301).

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna body (2) is comb-shaped and the antenna body (2) is made of a metallic material.

3. An antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the antenna body (2) comprises a radiating stub (202) and a feed line (201);

the feeder line (201) extends along the length direction of the substrate (1), one end of the radiation branch (202) is connected with the feeder line (201), and the other end of the radiation branch extends along the width direction of the substrate (1).

4. An antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that one end of the feed line (201) is provided with a feed section (203), the feed section (203) providing signal input to the antenna body (2).

5. An antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the radiating branches (202) are plural, and the plural radiating branches (202) are alternately arranged on both sides of the feed line (201).

6. An antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the feed line (201) comprises an inclined portion (2012) and a connection portion (2011), the connection portion (2011) extends along the length of the substrate (1), the inclined portion (2012) is arranged at an angle to the connection portion (2011), and one end of the radiating stub (202) is connected to the connection portion (2011).

7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of said ground members (3) are arranged in a matrix form, and the electromagnetic band gap (301) between two adjacent columns of said ground members (3) is the same as the electromagnetic band gap (301) between two adjacent rows of said ground members (3).

8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the grounding member (3) is provided with a grounding hole (302), and the grounding hole (302) is located at the center of the grounding member (3).

9. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the ground member (3) is made of a metallic material and the ground member (3) has a square structure.

10. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate (1) is a PCB board.