CN217176565U - Reservoir fracture plugging simulation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device, comprising: a reservoir simulation body, wherein a fracture is prefabricated, and the fracture has an inlet for the plugging medium to enter and an outlet for the plugging medium to discharge; the plugging medium supplies a structure, the medium outlet of which is communicated with the inlet of the fracture, and is used for supplying fluid blocking medium into the fracture; a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in the fracture, and a plurality of the pressure sensors are arranged along the fracture The fractures are arranged at intervals in the extension direction, and are used to detect the pressure changes of the fractures at the positions corresponding to the plurality of pressure sensors during the plugging process; the supporting structure is used to support the reservoir simulation body and adjust the reservoir. The tilt angle of the layer simulation volume. The simulation device can simulate the plugging process of fractures with different lengths and angles, and then realize the evaluation of the plugging effect, thereby providing an important reference for the plugging construction process in actual working conditions.

Description

A simulation device for reservoir fracture plugging

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of reservoir reconstruction, more particularly, to a simulation device for plugging reservoir fractures.

Background technique

In the field of oil and gas and geothermal, reservoir reconstruction is often involved, that is, the target formation is reconstructed by external means. The general stimulation method is to create fractures to increase the fracture degree of the target reservoir. To increase the fracture degree of the reservoir, fracturing is generally used. The commonly used fracturing method is temporary plugging and steering fracturing. Temporary plugging and steering fracturing is a staged In the fracturing process, when implementing the temporary plugging and diverting fracturing process, it is necessary to use plugging materials to plug the generated fractures so as to facilitate new fracturing; the quality of the fracture plugging effect will affect the generation of new fractures, so The plugging effect of cracks needs to be effectively evaluated by using corresponding equipment.

Due to the harsh environment at the reservoir construction site, there are many unsafe factors if the plugging test is carried out on the construction site. Therefore, the reservoir fracture plugging simulation device is currently used to test the fracture and evaluate the plugging effect. The existing reservoir fracture plugging simulation device simulates actual fractures by prefabricating fractures in a reservoir simulation body, but the existing reservoir simulation body can only simulate a single type of fractures. For long fractures, multiple prefabricated reservoir simulants with different types of fractures need to be fabricated for plugging tests, which is costly and time-consuming.

Utility model content

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device, which aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

The utility model provides a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device, which comprises:

a reservoir simulation body, wherein a fracture is prefabricated, the fracture has an inlet for the plugging medium to enter and an outlet for the plugging medium to discharge;

A plugging medium supply structure, the medium outlet of which is communicated with the inlet of the fracture, and is used for supplying fluid plugging medium into the fracture;

A plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in the fracture, and the plurality of pressure sensors are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the fracture, and are used for detecting positions of the fracture corresponding to the plurality of pressure sensors during the plugging process changes in pressure;

a support structure for supporting the reservoir simulation body and adjusting the inclination angle of the reservoir simulation body.

Preferably, there are multiple outlets of the cracks, the multiple outlets are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the cracks, and each of the outlets is provided with a control valve, the control valve is used to control the corresponding The opening and closing of the outlet can simulate fractures of different lengths by opening one of the control valves while keeping the remaining control valves closed.

Preferably, each outlet of the fracture is connected to an outlet pipe after passing through a corresponding control valve, and a back pressure valve is provided on the outlet pipe, and the back pressure valve is used to adjust the initial pressure in the fracture.

Preferably, a collector connected to the lead-out pipeline is provided on the outside of the reservoir simulation body, and the collector is used to collect the fluid blocking medium discharged from the lead-out pipeline.

Preferably, the cross-section of the crack is flat;

The width of the slit gradually narrows in the direction away from the inlet, or the width of the slit remains constant along the extending direction of the slit.

Preferably, the fracture includes a main fracture and a branch fracture communicating with the main fracture, the main fracture is provided with a plurality of the outlets, and the branch fracture is provided with at least one outlet.

Preferably, a chamfer transition is adopted at the connection between the crack and the outlet.

Preferably, the support structure includes two spaced-apart support frames, the two support frames are used to respectively support the front end and the rear end of the reservoir simulation body, and at least one of the support frames is adjustable in height .

Preferably, the blocking medium supply structure includes a liquid storage tank and a pump; the liquid storage tank is used for storing fluid blocking medium, the feeding end of the pump is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the pump The discharge end of the device is formed as the medium outlet to pump the fluid blocking medium into the fracture.

Preferably, a flowmeter is further provided between the medium outlet of the plugging medium supply structure and the reservoir simulation body, and the flowmeter is used to measure the amount of the fluid plugging medium.

In the reservoir fracture plugging simulation device provided by the utility model, the fluid plugging medium is introduced into the prefabricated fractures of the reservoir simulation body through the plugging medium supply structure to simulate the fracture plugging process, and the fractures are arranged at intervals on the fractures. Multiple pressure sensors detect the change of pressure around the fracture to judge the plugging situation of the fracture, realize the simulation of the actual plugging condition, and then realize the evaluation of the plugging effect, so as to provide important information for the plugging construction process of the actual condition. refer to. At the same time, the device adjusts the inclination angle of the reservoir simulation body through the support structure, and can simulate fractures with different angles. Through the multiple outlets arranged at intervals along the fracture extension direction, one outlet is opened during the plugging process, and the different lengths can be adjusted. It can simulate the fractures of different lengths and angles by one reservoir simulation body, which saves the production cost, and the operation is convenient, time-saving and labor-saving.

Description of drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a simulation device for plugging reservoir fractures according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structural diagram 1 of a reservoir simulation body in a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 shows a cross-sectional view of a reservoir simulation body in a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 shows a cross-sectional view of the connection between the fracture and the outlet of the reservoir simulation body in the reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a second cross-sectional structure diagram of a reservoir simulation body in a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional structural diagram 3 of a reservoir simulation body in a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: liquid storage tank 1, pump 2, flow meter 3, reservoir simulation body 4, pressure sensor 41, fracture 5, inlet 51, outlet 52, control valve 53, main fracture 501, branch fracture 502, support structure 6, Outlet pipe 7, back pressure valve 8, collector 9.

Detailed ways

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the various figures, the same elements are designated by the same or similar reference numerals. For the sake of clarity, various parts in the figures have not been drawn to scale.

The utility model provides a reservoir fracture plugging simulation device, see FIG. 1 , the reservoir fracture plugging simulation device includes a reservoir simulation body 4 , a plugging medium supply structure, a plurality of pressure sensors 41 and a support structure 6 .

The reservoir simulation body is made of hard objects, such as stone, metal, etc. The reservoir simulation body is prefabricated with fractures 5, and the prefabricated fractures 5 in the reservoir simulation body are used to simulate the fractures in the actual reservoir. The prefabricated fracture 5 in the layer simulant has an inlet 51 for the entry of the sealing medium and an outlet 52 for the outlet of the sealing medium.

The plugging medium supply structure is used for supplying fluid plugging medium to the fracture 5, the plugging medium supply structure has a medium outlet, the medium outlet is communicated with the inlet 51 of the fracture 5, and the fluid blocking medium is composed of The entrance 51 of the slit 5 enters into the slit 5 .

The fluidity blocking medium specifically includes a solid blocking material and a liquid carrier for carrying the solid blocking material. The solid blocking material is used to block the crack 5, and the liquid carrier flows out from the outlet 52 of the crack 5, and the liquid carrier flows out. Play an auxiliary role to smoothly send the solid plugging material into the crack 5. During specific implementation, the solid plugging material can be hard particles, fibers, etc., and the liquid carrier can be water or other liquids. This embodiment This is not specifically limited.

The crack 5 is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors 41 , and the plurality of pressure sensors 41 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the crack 5 to detect positions of the crack 5 corresponding to the plurality of pressure sensors 41 during the plugging process. changes in pressure. The specific number and interval distance of the pressure sensors 41 can be set according to the actual situation, as long as the operator can know the plugging conditions of different positions of the fracture during the plugging process according to the change of the pressure value.

The support structure 6 is used to support the reservoir simulation body 4, and at the same time, the support structure 6 can adjust the inclination angle of the reservoir simulation body 4, so that the fractures 5 in the reservoir simulation body 4 have different inclination angles relative to the horizontal plane. , to be able to simulate cracks with different angles.

Specifically, the blocking medium supply structure includes a liquid storage tank 1 and a pump 2. The liquid storage tank 1 is used to store the fluid blocking medium, the feeding end of the pump 2 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 1, and the discharge of the pump 2 The end is formed as the medium outlet, which communicates with the inlet 51 of the slit 5 . The fluid blocking medium stored in the liquid storage tank 1 can be pumped into the fractures 5 of the reservoir simulation body 4 by the pump 2 to plug the fractures 5 .

When using the reservoir fracture plugging simulation device to conduct a fracture plugging simulation test, the fluidity plugging medium stored in the liquid storage tank 1 is pumped to the fractures 5 of the reservoir simulation body 4 through the pump 2, and the fluidity sealing medium is pumped to the fracture 5 of the reservoir simulation body 4. The plugging medium enters from the entrance 51 of the crack 5, and the solid plugging material of the fluid plugging medium first blocks the front end of the crack 5. The so-called front end of the crack 5 refers to the end away from the entrance 51 of the crack 5. With the continuous introduction of the plugging medium, the solid plugging material in the fluid plugging medium gradually accumulates in the crack 5. When the front end of the crack 5 is blocked, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 41 located there will not be the same. Changes will occur again. As the plugging continues, the pressure values detected by the remaining pressure sensors 41 at the rear end of the fracture 5 continue to increase. When the plugging position extends to the rear end of the fracture 5, the next pressure sensor 41 detects At the same time, the pressure value detected at the same location will not change, and so on, so as to complete the plugging of the entire fracture 5 . The plugging condition of the fracture can be judged by the pressure variation law at various positions of the fracture 5. Further, after the plugging is completed, a detection pressure can also be applied to the entrance 51 of the plugged fracture 5 to evaluate the plugging effect, that is, to detect the plugging effect, the more the solid plugging material accumulates in the fracture. The more dense and plugged fractures can withstand the higher detection pressure, the better the plugging effect.

In order for the operator to intuitively and conveniently observe the pressure value detected by each pressure sensor 41, and then know the plugging situation in the fracture, a display structure is connected to the outside of the pressure sensor 41. Specifically, one end of the pressure sensor 41 is formed as a detection end, the detection end is located in the fracture 5, the other end of the pressure sensor 41 protrudes to the outside of the reservoir simulation body 4, and the pressure sensor The portion of 41 exposed outside the reservoir simulant 4 is provided with a display structure for displaying the pressure detection value. The display structure may be a liquid crystal display screen or a pressure display gauge or the like. In addition, the other end of the pressure sensor 41 can also be connected to a computer, so that the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 41 can be displayed on the computer.

During the plugging process, the plugging time can be recorded. By recording the plugging time, parameters such as the plugging time required to plug a certain fracture under the conditions of the plugging material and the initial pressure can be obtained, which is practical Working conditions provide reference information. In addition, different plugging materials can also be replaced, and different plugging materials can be used to simulate the plugging of the same fracture under the same initial pressure condition, and then the plugging effects of different plugging materials can be analyzed and compared, so as to obtain a comparison with the target. The most suitable plugging material for the target reservoir can be directly selected to plug the fractures of the target reservoir in actual working conditions, so as to ensure the plugging effect and improve the success of reservoir fracturing. Rate.

Further, in order to enable the same reservoir simulation body 4 to simulate fractures of different lengths, multiple outlets 52 of the fractures 5 are provided, and the plurality of outlets 52 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the fractures 5, and each The outlet 52 is respectively provided with a control valve 53, and the control valve 53 is used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding outlet 52. By opening one of the control valves 53 and keeping the rest of the control valves 53 closed, it is possible to simulate different lengths. Crack 5. The reservoir simulation body 4 shown in FIG. 2, wherein the prefabricated fracture 5 has four outlets 52, from the rear end to the front end of the fracture 5 are the outlet 52a, the outlet 52b, the outlet 52c and the outlet 52d in sequence, and each outlet 52 is A control valve 53 is provided; when simulating a crack 5 with a shorter length, the control valve 53 on the outlet 52a is opened, and the control valves 53 on the outlet 52b, the outlet 52c and the outlet 52d are kept closed; When crack 5, the control valve 53 on the outlet 52d is opened, while the control valves 53 on the outlet 52a, the outlet 52b and the outlet 52c are kept closed.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the cross section of the slit 5 is flat. The width of the slit 5 gradually narrows in the direction away from the inlet 51 , or the width of the slit 5 remains constant along the extending direction of the slit. As shown in Figure 2, it is a cross-sectional structure view of a reservoir simulation body in which the width of the prefabricated fracture 5 gradually narrows along the extension direction of the fracture. As shown in Figure 5, the width of the prefabricated fracture 5 remains constant along the extension direction of the fracture. A cross-sectional structural diagram of a reservoir simulation body.

The crack 5 may further include a main crack 501 and a branch crack 502 communicated with the main crack 501, the main crack 501 is provided with a plurality of the outlets 52, and the branch crack 502 is provided with at least one Exit 52 is described. As shown in Fig. 6, the prefabricated fracture 5 includes a main fracture 501 and two branch fractures 502. The two branch fractures 502 are at different positions in the extension direction of the main fracture 501. There are a plurality of outlets 52 arranged at intervals, each branch crack 502 is also provided with two outlets 52 arranged at intervals, each of the outlets 52 is provided with a control valve 53, and each control valve 53 can be By controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding outlet 52, by opening one or more control valves 53, while keeping the remaining valves closed, the main fractures 501 with different lengths and fractures 5 with branch fractures 502 of different lengths can be simulated.

The connection between each of the above-mentioned cracks 5 and the outlet 52 adopts a chamfer transition. As shown in FIG. 4 , the connection between the crack 5 and the outlet 52 is the corner and the variable diameter position when the plugging material flows through. 5. The connection with the outlet 52 is processed by chamfering transition to form a gradual convex surface, so as to facilitate the passage of the blocking material and prevent the accumulation of the blocking material.

Further, each outlet 52 of the crack 5 is connected to a lead-out pipe 7 after passing through the corresponding control valve 53, and the liquid carrier of the fluidity blocking material flowing out from the outlet 52 of the crack 5 is collected into the lead-out pipe 7, and passes through the outlet pipe 7. The lead-out conduit 7 discharges the liquid carrier in a concentrated manner. In this embodiment, a collector 9 connected to the outlet pipe 7 is provided outside the reservoir simulation body 4 , and the collector 9 is used to collect the fluidity plugs discharged from the outlet pipe 7 . The liquid carrier of the medium prevents random discharge of the liquid carrier, and can realize the reuse of the liquid carrier.

Further, a back pressure valve 8 is also provided on the outlet pipe 7 , and the back pressure valve 8 is used to adjust the initial pressure in the crack 5 . That is, the opening degree of the outlet pipe 7 is adjusted through the back pressure valve 8, so that the initial pressure in the fracture 5 reaches the required preset pressure, and then a fluid sealing medium is introduced into the fracture 5 to perform plugging simulation, thereby making the operation more efficient. Flexible, making the simulated conditions and plugging effects closer to the actual working conditions. By adjusting the back pressure valve 8, the simulation device can simulate the plugging of fractures under different initial pressures under the condition that other conditions remain unchanged, thereby realizing the evaluation of the plugging effect under different pressures.

Taking the plugging simulation of the fracture 5 with two branch fractures 502 as shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the fluid sealing medium is pumped from the inlet 51 of the fracture 5 to the main fracture 501 through the plugging medium supply structure, and the fluid sealing The blocking medium flowing through the main fracture 501 will preferably enter the branch fracture 502 near the front end of the fracture 5, and the branch fracture 502 is blocked. Blocking is carried out, so that the simulation of steering blocking can be realized by the simulation device, and then the evaluation of the effect of steering blocking can be realized.

Further, the supporting structure 6 includes two supporting frames arranged at intervals, the two supporting frames support the front end and the rear end of the reservoir simulation body 4 respectively, and the height of at least one of the supporting frames can be adjusted. . By adjusting the height difference of the two support frames, the prefabricated fractures 5 in the supported reservoir simulation body 4 can have different angles, so that the simulation device can simulate fractures with different angles under the condition that other conditions remain unchanged. The plugging situation of different angles can be realized to evaluate the plugging effect of fractures from different angles. During specific implementation, the support frame can be adjusted by setting a hydraulic cylinder lifting structure to realize the height adjustment of the support frame. It can be understood that the support structure 6 may also adopt other structural forms, as long as the support can be achieved and the inclination angle of the reservoir simulation body 4 can be adjusted, which is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the support structure 6 may include a support body and a rotatable support plate arranged on the top of the support body. The support plate can be rotated and braked by a drive mechanism connected to the support body, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the reservoir simulation body 4 .

Further, a flow meter 3 is also provided between the medium outlet of the plugging medium supply structure and the reservoir simulation body 4 , and the flow meter 3 is used to measure the amount of the fluid plugging medium. Specifically, in this embodiment, the flow meter 3 is provided between the discharge end of the pump 2 and the inlet 51 of the fracture 5 of the reservoir simulation body 4 . By setting the flow meter 3, the consumption of the fluidity plugging medium used for plugging can be known, and then the consumption of two different types of fluidity plugging media can be simulated under the condition that other conditions remain unchanged. Then, the plugging effect of the two kinds of plugging effects was evaluated, and the type of fluid plugging medium with better plugging effect was obtained, or the fluidity with less consumption was obtained when the same plugging effect was achieved. The type of blocking medium, etc., to provide more reference for actual working conditions.

The reservoir fracture plugging simulation device provided by the utility model adopts the simulation device by setting a plugging medium supply structure and a prefabricated reservoir simulation body with fractures, and at the same time setting a plurality of pressure sensors arranged at intervals in the prefabricated fractures. When simulating the fracture plugging process, the fluid plugging medium is introduced into the prefabricated fractures of the reservoir simulation body through the plugging medium supply structure. The liquid carrier of the material, through which the solid plugging material is used to seal the crack, the liquid carrier eventually flows out from the outlet of the crack, and the pressure detection value of the pressure sensor at the position blocked by the solid plugging material does not change any more. As the plugging continues, the pressure detection value of the position corresponding to the remaining pressure sensor continues to increase. When the detection value of the pressure sensor at the corresponding position no longer changes, it means that the position is well plugged, so that through the cracks The change of the pressure at the site can judge the plugging situation of the fracture, realize the simulation of the actual plugging condition, and then realize the evaluation of the plugging effect, so as to provide an important reference for the plugging construction process of the actual working condition. At the same time, the device adjusts the inclination angle of the reservoir simulation body through the support structure, and can simulate fractures with different angles. Through the multiple outlets arranged at intervals along the fracture extension direction, one outlet is opened during the plugging process, and the different lengths can be adjusted. It can simulate the fractures of different lengths and angles by one reservoir simulation body, which saves the production cost, and the operation is convenient, time-saving and labor-saving.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

Finally, it should be noted that: obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. And the obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation device, comprising:

a reservoir simulator, wherein a fracture is prefabricated, and the fracture is provided with an inlet for plugging medium to enter and an outlet for plugging medium to discharge;

a plugging medium supply structure, the medium outlet of which is communicated with the inlet of the crack and is used for supplying a flowing plugging medium into the crack;

the pressure sensors are arranged in the crack, are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the crack and are used for detecting the pressure change of the crack at the position corresponding to the pressure sensors in the plugging process;

a support structure for supporting the reservoir simulator and adjusting the inclination angle of the reservoir simulator.

2. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of outlets are provided for the fractures, the plurality of outlets are spaced along the extension direction of the fractures, and each outlet is provided with a control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding outlet, and fractures of different lengths can be simulated by opening one of the control valves while keeping the remaining control valves closed.

3. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein each outlet of the fracture is communicated with a lead-out pipeline through a corresponding control valve, and a back pressure valve is arranged on the lead-out pipeline and used for adjusting initial pressure in the fracture.

4. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a collector connected to the export pipeline is arranged outside the reservoir simulator, and the collector is used for collecting the fluid plugging medium discharged by the export pipeline.

5. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein said fracture has a flattened shape in cross-section;

the width of the slit may taper in a direction away from the inlet, or the width of the slit may remain constant in a direction of slit extension.

6. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said fractures comprise a main fracture and a branch fracture connected to said main fracture, said main fracture being provided with a plurality of said outlets, said branch fracture being provided with at least one of said outlets.

7. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein a chamfer transition is adopted at the junction of the fracture and the outlet.

8. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the support structure comprises two spaced supports for supporting the front end and the rear end of the reservoir simulator respectively, and at least one of the supports is adjustable in height.

9. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation apparatus as defined in any one of claims 1-6, wherein said plugging medium supply structure comprises a fluid reservoir and a pump; the liquid storage tank is used for storing a mobile plugging medium, the feeding end of the pump is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the discharging end of the pump is formed into the medium outlet so as to pump the mobile plugging medium into the crack.

10. A reservoir fracture plugging simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a flow meter is further arranged between the medium outlet of the plugging medium supply structure and the reservoir simulation body, and the flow meter is used for metering the using amount of the flowing plugging medium.

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