CN216990328U - Laser processing system for forming composite laser - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the present utility model provides a laser processing system for forming a composite laser, comprising: at least two laser modules, a light spot shaping device and a power control module, the at least two laser modules are connected to the at least two laser modules through a plurality of input fibers The light spot shaping device is connected to and outputs a composite light spot with a central light spot and at least one peripheral light spot, the power control module is electrically connected with the at least two laser modules, and is configured to control the at least two laser modules in a pre- The power within the set range is adjustable, so that the central light spot and the peripheral light spot form different energy ratio profiles.

Description

A laser processing system for forming compound laser

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of laser technology, in particular to a laser processing system for forming a composite laser.

Background technique

The application field of high-power industrial laser material processing is changing with each passing day. Compared with the single laser light source used for material processing technology, the multi-laser light source compound high-power laser can greatly expand the scope of laser processing and greatly improve the quality of laser processing. For example, a laser with a new multi-core ring fiber (ring cores fiber) as an optical waveguide for low-spatter laser welding can adapt to different welding application scenarios and improve welding quality and welding speed. The basic goal of this type of laser is to replace high-cost semiconductor high-quality hybrid welding systems, and gradually expand to other high-quality laser welding applications.

At present, the multi-laser composite laser can use a spatial optical system, such as a polarization or wavelength multi-laser multiplexing system, or an all-fiber signal beam combiner system based on the fiber fusion and taper beam combining technology to combine multiple identical or different light sources. It is a single light source system with a complex spot.

The solution based on the space optical system, because the complex space optical system is used to realize the optical spot transformation/multiplexing/coupling from the fiber to the fiber, the long-term reliability of the system is at risk and the cost is high.

The solution based on the fusion taper will result in a large loss of the numerical aperture of the light source. In order to compensate the NA deterioration of the tapered beam combining, it is forced to use a high-brightness single transverse mode laser light source and a thinner input fiber core diameter, which not only limits the maximum power of each input module (generally less than 2000W/module) , and due to the strong Raman risk of single transverse mode laser, complex design compensation must be made for the laser input/optical waveguide and its system anti-reflection, which greatly increases the cost and reduces long-term reliability. It is also not well adapted to some complex application scenarios (high reflection processing environment).

Utility model content

In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present invention are proposed to provide a laser processing system for forming a composite laser that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems, including:

at least two laser modules, a spot shaping device and a power control module;

The at least two laser modules are connected to the light spot shaping device through a plurality of input fibers and output a composite light spot with a central light spot and at least one peripheral light spot;

The power control module is electrically connected to the at least two laser modules, and is configured to control the power of the at least two laser modules to be adjustable within a preset range, so that the central spot and the peripheral spot are Form different energy ratio profiles;

The light spot shaping device includes a ribbon optical fiber array and an optical waveguide, the ribbon optical fiber array and the optical waveguide are coupled and directly connected together through end faces, and a plurality of input optical fiber cores in the optical fiber array are connected to the optical waveguide. The corresponding waveguide layer alignment of ;

The ribbon fiber array is formed by arranging and fixing one end of the plurality of input fibers in parallel according to a preset shape, and the core diameter in the fiber array is kept the same as the core diameter of other parts of the input fiber;

The width of each waveguide layer of the optical waveguide is greater than the core diameter of the ribbon fiber, and the numerical aperture of each waveguide layer is greater than the numerical aperture of the ribbon fiber;

The optical waveguide has at least three waveguide layers, the center of the output composite light spot is a Gaussian light spot, and the periphery is a flat-top light spot, and the numerical aperture of the composite light spot is less than 0.22NA; or

The optical waveguide has at least four waveguide layers, the center of the output composite light spot is a Gaussian light spot or a flat-top light spot, and the periphery is a flat-top light spot, and the numerical aperture of the composite light spot is less than 0.12NA;

The optical waveguide is composed of a shaping portion including a plurality of waveguide layers and an output portion, the cross-section of the shaping portion is axisymmetrically distributed and non-circular, and the cross-section of the output portion is circular;

the at least two laser modules output at least a first light beam and a second light beam having different wavelengths;

The laser module is a single-fiber output all-fiber laser module with a small core diameter, the minimum output power of the laser module is greater than 2000W, and the core diameter ranges from 14um to 100um.

The embodiments of the present utility model include the following advantages:

Based on the direct connection technology of ribbon fibers, on the one hand, the high cost and long-term reliability risks of spatial optical multiplexing systems can be avoided. On the other hand, using the non-fiber fusion taper technology to manufacture the input end can get rid of the complex process of the fiber fusion taper technology and the special requirements for the input light source to manage the brightness loss of the spot. And if you want to use the fiber fusion taper technology for connection, you need to use a larger diameter fiber for taper, and using a large fiber is difficult to be compatible with the laser single module technology.

Description of drawings

1 is a structural block diagram of a laser spot shaping device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the ribbon fiber array and the waveguide layer according to the embodiment of the present invention;

3A is a schematic diagram of the coupling of a ribbon fiber array and a wedge-shaped optical waveguide end face;

3B is a schematic diagram of the coupling between the ribbon fiber array and the end face of the cuboid optical waveguide;

4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the ribbon fiber array and the waveguide layer from another angle of the embodiment of the present utility model;

5 is a cross-sectional view of a triple-clad optical fiber;

6 is a cross-sectional view of a triple-clad optical fiber;

7 is a schematic diagram of the refractive index of a three-clad optical fiber;

8 is a cross-sectional view of an energy-transmitting optical fiber;

9 is a cross-sectional view of an energy-transmitting optical fiber;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the refractive index of the energy transmission fiber;

11 is a flow chart of the steps of a method for fabricating a laser spot shaping device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a structural block diagram of a laser processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of steps of a laser processing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present utility model more clearly understood, the present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1, a structural block diagram of a laser spot shaping device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which may specifically include:

An input end 10 and a shaping end 11 are arranged in sequence along the central optical axis. The input end 10 is provided with an optical fiber array composed of a plurality of input fibers respectively connected to a plurality of laser light sources, and the shaping end 11 is provided with a plurality of waveguides. The optical waveguide layer of the optical fiber array, the cores of the multiple input optical fibers in the optical fiber array are respectively aligned and coupled to the multiple waveguide layers of the optical waveguide, and the light beams output by the multiple laser light sources through the optical fiber array pass through the optical fiber array. Compression and shaping of the output light spot is performed during the optical waveguide.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the laser light source may be at least two laser modules outputting laser beams with different wavelengths, or at least two laser modules outputting laser beams with the same wavelength.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the optical fiber array is formed by arranging the plurality of input optical fibers in a preset shape and then fixing them. Similarly, the end face of the fiber core in the fiber array is perpendicular to the plane of the optical axis.

An optical fiber array may refer to an array formed by arranging multiple optical fibers in parallel in one row or multiple rows. Exemplarily, three input optical fibers connected to multiple laser light sources may be arranged in a row to form a ribbon optical fiber array; It can be arranged in parallel in other preset shapes, for example, seven input fibers can be arranged in a polygonal fiber array of two/three-layer structure, etc. At the same time, the ways in which the plurality of input fibers are arranged and fixed may include various methods. Exemplarily, a plurality of input fibers can be fixedly arranged by using a fiber optic clamp, or a plurality of input fibers can be placed in a flat-hole glass tube for fixed arrangement, and a plurality of input fibers can also be fixedly arranged by glue and other non-melting tapers. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention. By the above-mentioned method of directly fixing the optical fiber combination, the core diameter in the optical fiber array does not change compared with the diameter of the non-fixed part, which reduces the damage caused by the fusion taper. loss.

The shaping end 11 includes an optical waveguide with multiple waveguide layers, and different waveguide layers can be different transmission media for shaping the input light, and also includes an output end connected to the optical waveguide, the output The end is either a multi-clad single-fiber fiber or a multi-core fiber, and the optical waveguide can be directly a part of the output end, or be connected to the output end by fusion, welding or mechanical structure.

The optical waveguide can be directly processed by selecting different types of optical fibers. Exemplarily, the optical waveguide can be processed by using a multi-single-core optical fiber or a bare fiber tip of a multi-core optical fiber, and the other part is the output end. The single-core optical fiber can be at least one of a triple-clad optical fiber and a double-clad energy-transmitting optical fiber, and the multi-core optical fiber can be a ring optical fiber. In some scenarios, the optical waveguide can also be a separate transparent medium, such as optical quartz glass, which is processed into a preset shape and then connected to the output end, that is, a multi-single-core optical fiber or a multi-core optical fiber by welding or welding.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding input fiber size can be selected according to the structure size of the optical waveguide. Wherein, the width of the fiber array in the fiber arrangement direction should be less than or equal to the diameter of the outermost layer of the optical waveguide, so that each input fiber can be located within the range of the corresponding waveguide layer of the optical waveguide. Exemplarily, the input fiber is a double-clad fiber with a core diameter ranging from 14um to 100um, and the diameter of the outermost cladding of each input fiber is less than or equal to 1/3 of the diameter of the optical waveguide coupled to it, or It is less than the diameter of the outermost cladding minus 20um, and the core NA of the input fiber is smaller than the waveguide layer NA of the optical waveguide.

A workable optical fiber combination is: the input fiber core diameter is 14um-50um, the cladding diameter is 90um, the optical waveguide is a 360 standard energy transmission fiber, the core diameter is 100um, and the outer cladding diameter is 360um.

Another optical fiber combination that can work is that the input fiber has a core diameter of 14um-50um and a cladding diameter of 90um; the optical waveguide is a triple-clad fiber, the core diameter, the inner cladding diameter, and the outer cladding diameter are sequentially It is 100um/300um/360um.

Another workable optical fiber combination is that the input fiber core diameter is 14um-50um, and the cladding diameter is 90um; the optical waveguide is a ring fiber, the core diameter and the outer core diameter are 100um/360um in sequence.

If optical waveguides with more waveguide layers are used, a larger number of input fibers are used to form a ribbon fiber array, but how many input fibers or how many optical waveguides with waveguide layers are selected can be selected according to requirements.

The optical fiber array and the optical waveguide can be connected by welding, welding, or fixedly connected by a mechanical mechanism, such as connecting the ribbon fiber array and the optical waveguide through a coupler.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, the laser spot shaping device includes an input end and a shaping end arranged in sequence along the central optical axis, the input end is provided with an optical fiber array composed of a plurality of input optical fibers respectively connected with a plurality of laser light sources, and the shaping end is provided with There is an optical waveguide with multiple waveguide layers, the cores of multiple input fibers in the fiber array are aligned and coupled to the multiple waveguide layers of the optical waveguide, and the beams output by multiple laser light sources through the fiber array pass through the optical waveguide. Compression shaping of the output light spot is performed. The input end and the shaping end can be directly connected based on the array fiber connection technology. On the one hand, the high cost and long-term reliability risk of the spatial optical multiplexing system can be avoided; The complex process of fused taper technology and the management of spot brightness loss result in special requirements for the input light source.

At the same time, if you want to use the fiber fusion taper technology for connection, you need to use a larger diameter fiber for taper, and using a large fiber is difficult to be compatible with the laser single module technology. Due to the reduction of the requirements for the input light source, the high-power single-module multi-mode laser light source commonly used in the current market can be directly used, and a high-power composite laser can be composited with very few multi-mode laser modules (2, 3 4000w laser light sources,). Compared with the prior art, the fusion taper technology requires 6 to 8 laser modules to achieve 6000W superimposed 6000W composite laser, which greatly reduces the cost of the composite laser and simplifies system control.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can not only use the traditional multi-core optical fiber as the optical waveguide, but also can use the three-clad optical fiber and the standard 360 energy-transmitting optical fiber commonly used in the non-composite optical system as the optical waveguide, which greatly reduces the cost and is convenient. Laser maintenance and updates for users.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide is a transparent medium that is symmetrically distributed along the central optical axis and has a non-circular cross section, and the end face of the optical waveguide is perpendicular to the plane of the optical axis.

Exemplarily, the optical waveguide may be in the shape of an optical wedge that is symmetrical along the central optical axis, or may be other axisymmetrical polyhedrons, such as a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped.

Exemplarily, a multi-clad single-core fiber or a multi-core fiber such as a ring fiber can be used to make an optical wedge fiber, which is directly coupled and connected to the ribbon fiber array, wherein the end face of the optical wedge is perpendicular to the plane of the optical axis, and the shape is close to the one that is coupled to it. The end face shape of the ribbon optical fiber array is nearly elliptical, and extends along the upper and lower sides of the optical wedge end face to be inclined planes. The intersection of the inclined plane and the end face is two line segments parallel to the optical axis plane. The two line segments The shortest distance between them is greater than or equal to the diameter of the fiber cores in the ribbon fiber array.

Referring to FIG. 2, it is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the ribbon fiber array and the optical wedge fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 2, it is observed at an angle parallel to the multiple input fibers, that is, parallel to the plane of the optical axis. Therefore, a single input fiber is observed, and other input fibers can be understood as being blocked by the observed input fibers. In fact, the end faces of each input fiber in the fiber array are aligned with the end faces of the wedge fibers.

After the laser output from the core of the input fiber is incident on the optical waveguide, a part of it is reflected back into the optical waveguide by the end face of the optical wedge, which is equivalent to increasing the receiving angle of the optical waveguide, which enables lasers with more incident angles to be able to operate in the optical waveguide. The transmission in the waveguide can improve the light-gathering ability of the optical waveguide, shape the light beam, and realize the compression of the numerical aperture NA of the incident light.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the optical waveguide is a non-circular interface symmetrically distributed along the optical axis, and the non-circular interface may be a symmetrical shape composed of parallel line segments and circular arcs. For example, in addition to the above implementation The optical wedge shape mentioned in the example; the optical waveguide can also be a regular polygon composed of line segments, or a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a rectangular cross-section symmetrically distributed along the optical axis. The rectangular optical waveguide has better light collection in practical applications. ability. Referring to FIG. 3A, it is a schematic diagram of the coupling between the ribbon fiber array and the end face of the wedge-shaped optical waveguide. The cross section of the optical waveguide is a symmetrical shape composed of parallel line segments and circular arcs. Referring to FIG. 3B, the ribbon fiber array and the cuboid optical waveguide are shown. Schematic diagram of end-face coupling, the cross-section of the optical waveguide is in the shape of a cuboid.

By processing the cross section of the optical waveguide into an ellipse or a polygon symmetrically distributed along the central optical axis, the center of the optical waveguide can be located at the geometric center, so that the laser light entering the optical waveguide can be reflected symmetrically in all directions. Referring to FIG. 4, it is a schematic diagram of the connection between the ribbon fiber array and the waveguide layer from another angle of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the end face of the optical waveguide is a nearly elliptical shape symmetrically distributed along the optical axis, so as to better connect with the array fiber. Input fiber end-face coupling in . Viewed at an angle perpendicular to the arrangement of the multiple input fibers in Figure 4, the multiple input fibers are thus observed. The number of input fibers is three, and the input fibers in the middle are aligned with the central waveguide layer of the optical waveguide; the input fibers on both sides are aligned with the waveguide layers outside the optical waveguide.

In the embodiment of the present invention, since small optical fibers are used in the optical fiber array, the diameter of the input optical fiber is smaller than that of the waveguide layer, and the waveguide layer of the optical waveguide and the core of the input optical fiber in the ribbon optical fiber array can be aligned at the center. alignment and/or eccentric alignment.

In the case of center alignment, the laser light transmitted from the input fiber core from the ribbon fiber array can all be transmitted to the corresponding waveguide layer, so that the output laser power is maximized.

In the case of eccentric alignment, the laser light transmitted from the fiber core input from the ribbon fiber array can be all transmitted to the corresponding waveguide layer, or can be transmitted to at least two corresponding waveguide layers. By adjusting the degree of eccentricity, The power and spot shape of the output laser can be adjusted.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a three-clad optical fiber, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a three-clad optical fiber. The three-clad optical fiber includes a core, a first cladding (inner cladding), a second cladding ( Outer cladding), the first cladding layer can be a fused silica inner cladding layer, the second cladding layer can be an F-doped quartz cladding layer, and the thickness of the first cladding layer is greater than that of the second cladding layer. Exemplarily, the diameter of the core, the diameter of the inner cladding, and the diameter of the outer cladding are 100um/300um/360um in sequence. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the refractive index of the three-cladding fiber. The three-cladding fiber transmits laser light in the core and the inner cladding, wherein the refractive indices of the core, the first cladding, and the second cladding decrease in turn. When the triple-clad fiber is connected to the waveguide layer, the triple-clad fiber can achieve an effect of less than 0.12 NA, and the cost of the triple-clad fiber is low, which can reduce the cost of the laser spot shaping device.

Referring to FIG. 8, it is a cross-sectional view of an energy-transmitting optical fiber, and referring to FIG. 9, it is a cross-sectional view of an energy-transmitting optical fiber. The energy-transmitting optical fiber includes a core, a first cladding (inner cladding), and a second cladding (outer cladding). , the first cladding layer can be a F-doped quartz cladding layer, the second cladding layer can be a fused silica cladding layer, and the thickness of the first cladding layer is smaller than that of the second cladding layer. Exemplarily, the core diameter is 100um and the outer cladding diameter is 360um. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the refractive index of the energy transmission fiber. The energy transmission fiber transmits laser light in the core and the second cladding. The core and the second cladding may have approximately the same refractive index, and the refractive index of the first cladding is lower than that of the fiber. core and second cladding. In the case of using an energy-transmitting optical fiber to connect with the waveguide layer, the energy-transmitting optical fiber can achieve an effect of less than 0.22 NA.

Referring to FIG. 11 , a flowchart of steps of a method for manufacturing a laser spot shaping device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the method may specifically include the following steps:

Step 1101: Obtain a plurality of input optical fibers respectively connected to a plurality of laser light sources, arrange the input optical fibers in parallel according to a preset shape, and then fix them to form an optical fiber array.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the step 1101 may include the following sub-steps:

Sub-step S11, using an optical fiber fixture to arrange the input optical fibers into a preset shape and fix them, maintain a preset gap between the cores of the input optical fibers, and form an optical fiber array after being fixed by hot melting, glue or an external fixing device, The core diameter in the fiber array is the same as the core diameter of the non-fixed portion of the input fiber.

In sub-step S12, the optical fiber array is cut by an optical fiber cutting device to obtain a flat and smooth end face of the optical fiber array, and the end face of the fiber core in the optical fiber array is perpendicular to the plane of the optical axis.

The fiber optic clamp can include two cooperating clamping parts, the clamping parts have grooves, the optical fibers can be accommodated in the grooves, and the interval of the grooves can be made according to actual needs, so that the optical fibers can be arranged in a preset gap. Then, the fiber array can be cut by standard ribbon fiber cutting equipment to obtain a flat fiber array end face. For example, the preset gap can be zero, ie, the coating of the input fiber is closely connected, and there is a gap between the bare fiber (fiber not including the coating).

In another optional embodiment of the present invention, the step 1101 may include the following sub-steps:

Sub-step S21, the multiple input optical fiber cores are closely arranged into a preset shape, and put into a deformed hole capillary glass tube;

Sub-step S22, the multiple input optical fiber cores and the glass tube are welded into one body to form a fixed optical fiber array, and the core diameter in the optical fiber array is the same as the core diameter of the non-fixed portion of the input optical fiber. same;

Specifically, a fire grinding process can be used to fuse and connect a plurality of input optical fiber cores and glass tubes to form a fixed optical fiber array.

Sub-step S23, the optical fiber array is cut by an optical fiber cutting device to obtain a flat and smooth end face of the optical fiber array, and the end face of the fiber core in the optical fiber array is perpendicular to the plane of the optical axis.

Referring to FIG. 11, it is a schematic diagram of forming a ribbon optical fiber array by deforming a capillary glass tube in an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, a flat-hole glass tube can be used, three input optical fibers can be put into it, and the outer surfaces of the three input optical fibers can be fused and connected into one by the fire grinding process. The knife processing obtains a flat end face of the optical fiber array, and the end face is perpendicular to the plane of the optical axis.

Step 1102, obtaining an optical waveguide with multiple waveguide layers.

Exemplarily, a single-core optical fiber or a multi-core optical fiber can be obtained as an optical waveguide, wherein the single-core optical fiber can be at least one of a triple-clad optical fiber and a double-clad energy-transmitting optical fiber.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include: polishing the optical waveguide along both sides of the end face into a geometric shape that is symmetrically distributed along the central optical axis and has a non-circular cross-section; The end face of the optical waveguide is polished or the plane fiber is cut, so that the end face of the optical waveguide is flat and smooth and perpendicular to the plane of the optical axis.

In one example, the optical waveguide can be processed into an optical wedge shape, the end face of the optical wedge is a vertical plane, and the two sides are inclined planes. Specifically, the end face of the optical waveguide can be processed into a vertical plane, and then two inclined planes are processed outward from the end face relative to the center of the optical waveguide, and the intersection of the inclined plane and the end cap is two symmetrical parallel line segments , the distance from the two line segments to the center of the optical waveguide is greater than the radius of the input fiber core. For example, it can be polished on both sides of the end face or finely processed by a femtosecond laser and CO2 laser into a bevel, so that the middle of the end face is kept as a vertical plane, and the two sides are symmetrical bevels. The end face of the optical wedge is axisymmetric in both the horizontal and vertical directions, which can ensure that the fiber core is located in the geometric center of the end face of the optical wedge. The end face of the optical wedge is close to the elliptical surface, and also needs to be polished or processed by plane fiber cutting (plane dissociation).

Viewed from the incident direction of the laser light, the wedge end face of the optical waveguide is a nearly elliptical surface, so that the wedge end face is an axisymmetric end face in both the horizontal and vertical directions. In practice, the optical wedge may also be processed into other axisymmetric shapes, such as a cube, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

By processing the end face of the optical waveguide into an optical wedge or other shape, the laser light transmitted in each input fiber is refracted in a specific direction when entering the optical waveguide. On the one hand, the NA compression of the input beam is realized, the output NA is reduced, and the fiber is improved. The multiplexed filling rate ultimately increases the brightness of the output light source and reduces the brightness requirements for the input light source; at the same time, the design of processing the optical fiber into a wedge or other shapes can amplify the NA of the reversed light and reverse the The optical extrusion of the optical fiber also greatly improves the anti-high reflection performance of the device/system.

On the other hand, the spatial intensity distribution of the laser beam is a Gaussian distribution, that is, a Gaussian beam. In the application of many laser technologies, the laser light intensity is expected to be uniformly distributed. By compressing and reshaping the light spot, the output fiber can be fully compatible with existing technology application.

By polishing the end face of the optical waveguide or cutting the plane fiber, the rough and defective end face can be prevented from causing laser leakage.

Step 1103: Align and couple the cores of multiple input fibers in the fiber array with the multiple waveguide layers of the optical waveguide, respectively.

Illustratively, the optimal alignment point may be obtained using a power monitoring welding method. The power of the laser output from each waveguide layer of the optical waveguide can be detected, and whether alignment is determined according to the laser power of each waveguide layer.

Exemplarily, the input end and the optical waveguide can be dimensionally left with sufficient tolerance to facilitate the alignment of the two ends.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the step 1103 may include the following sub-steps:

Sub-step S31, coupling and aligning each fiber core in the optical fiber array with the middle portion of the corresponding waveguide layer of the optical waveguide, so that the output single beam of laser light is maintained and transmitted in the one corresponding waveguide layer;

Under the condition that the core of the input fiber in the ribbon fiber array is coupled and aligned with the middle part of the corresponding waveguide layer of the optical waveguide, the laser light transmitted from the input fiber core in the ribbon fiber array can be all transmitted to the corresponding waveguide layer , to maximize the output laser power.

Or, in sub-step S32, at least one fiber core in the optical fiber array is coupled and aligned with the non-intermediate portion of the corresponding waveguide layer of the optical waveguide, so that the single-beam laser output from the input fiber is kept in at least two waveguide layers internal transmission.

In the case where the input fiber core in the ribbon fiber array is coupled and aligned with the non-intermediate portion of the corresponding waveguide layer of the optical waveguide, the laser light transmitted from the input fiber core in the ribbon fiber array can be partially transmitted to the corresponding waveguide layer , by adjusting the degree of eccentricity, the power and spot shape of the output laser can be adjusted.

Step 1104, connecting the optical fiber array and the optical waveguide together by welding, welding or mechanical structure.

The ribbon fiber array and the optical waveguide can be directly fused or welded together, or the ribbon fiber array and the optical waveguide can be fixedly connected by a mechanical mechanism, for example, the input end and the shaping end can be connected through a coupler.

Exemplarily, a ribbon fiber fusion splicer can be used to fuse the ribbon fiber array with the optical waveguide. Direct welding can also be performed using special welding equipment such as flame, laser or standard welding machines with customized welding parameters. Completely abandon the optical fiber fusion taper process, and minimize the deterioration of the light spot quality caused by the fusion taper process to the deformation and pollution of the optical fiber, or the optical fiber leaks light, and the optical fiber is polluted and heated.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of input fibers connected to a plurality of laser light sources can be obtained, the input fibers are arranged in parallel according to a preset shape and then fixed to form an optical fiber array; an optical waveguide with a plurality of waveguide layers is obtained; The cores of multiple input optical fibers in the optical fiber array are respectively aligned and coupled with the multiple waveguide layers of the optical waveguide; the optical fiber array and the optical waveguide are connected together by welding, welding or mechanical structure. The laser light output by the multiple laser light sources is transmitted to the optical waveguide through the input fiber, and the beam is shaped by the optical waveguide to output the composite laser. The input end and the shaping end can be directly connected based on ribbon fibers. On the one hand, the high cost and long-term reliability risk of the spatial optical multiplexing system can be avoided. On the other hand, using the non-fiber fusion taper technology to make the input end can get rid of the complex process of the fiber fusion taper technology and the special requirements for the input light source to manage the brightness loss of the spot. And if you want to use the fiber fusion taper technology for connection, you need to use a larger diameter fiber for taper, and using a large fiber is difficult to be compatible with the laser single module technology.

Referring to FIG. 12, an embodiment of the present invention also discloses a structural block diagram of a laser processing system. The laser processing system may include: a plurality of laser modules 120, a laser spot shaping device 121, and a power control module 122;

The laser beams output by the plurality of laser modules 120 realize spot shaping when passing through the laser spot shaping device 121, and output a composite spot having a central spot and at least one peripheral spot;

The power control module 122 is connected to the laser module 120 and is configured to control the power of the plurality of laser modules 120 to be adjustable within a preset range, so that the central spot and the peripheral spot form different energies Composite spot output for proportional profiles.

For the laser spot shaping device 121, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated in this embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 13, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a laser processing method, including:

Step 1301, outputting a plurality of light beams arranged according to a preset shape;

Step 1302, compressing and shaping the plurality of light beams, and outputting a composite light spot having a central light spot and at least one peripheral light spot;

Step 1303, controlling the power values of the plurality of light beams to be adjustable within a preset range, so that the center light spot and the peripheral light spot of the composite light spot form contours with different energy ratios;

Wherein, in step 1301, referring to the foregoing embodiment, the plurality of beams may be output in parallel strips, or may be combined output of beams of other shapes.

In step 1302, when at least one of the multiple light beams enters the shaping part of the optical waveguide, the light is reflected multiple times in the optical waveguide, and finally the compression and shaping output of the composite light spot is realized, wherein the central light spot is Located at the center of the peripheral light spot, the central light spot has a Gaussian or flat-top distribution, and the peripheral light spot has a flat-top distribution.

In step 1303, with the unique electronic control technology, the power of the central and peripheral annular light spots can be adjusted within a certain range;

Step 1304, according to the input material of the workpiece to be processed, processing requirements and processing environment parameters, adjust the power value of the first beam to adjust the spot energy distribution of the first beam irradiating the workpiece, and/or adjust the power value of the second beam Laser cladding, cutting or welding is performed by adjusting the light spot energy distribution of the second beam irradiated to the workpiece.

In the process of the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of input optical fibers respectively connected with a plurality of laser light sources are used to form a ribbon optical fiber array; a multi-clad optical fiber is used as an optical waveguide, and the end face of the optical waveguide is processed into an optical wedge end face; The ribbon fiber array is aligned with the vertical plane of the optical waveguide, so that the cores of each input fiber of the ribbon fiber array are respectively coupled into the waveguide layer of the optical waveguide from the vertical plane; after the coupling is completed, the ribbon fiber The array is welded with the optical waveguide, so that the laser light output by the multiple laser light sources through the input fiber passes through the optical waveguide to form a composite laser. Using the process of the embodiment of the present invention, the core of the optical waveguide can output a Gaussian light spot or a flat-top light spot, and a ring-shaped flat-top light spot is output in the preset cladding.

It should be noted that, for the sake of simple description, the method embodiments are described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the described action sequence, Because according to embodiments of the present invention, certain steps may be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present invention.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other.

It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, an apparatus, or a computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein .

Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to the processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing terminal equipment to produce a machine that causes the instructions to be executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment Means are created for implementing the functions specified in the flow or flows of the flowcharts and/or the blocks or blocks of the block diagrams.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the The instruction means implement the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment, so that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby executing on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment The instructions executed on the above provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart or blocks and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Finally, it should also be noted that in this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply these entities or there is any such actual relationship or sequence between operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or terminal device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also a non-exclusive list of elements. other elements, or also include elements inherent to such a process, method, article or terminal equipment. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

The principles and implementations of the present utility model are described herein using specific examples. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present utility model; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to The idea of the present invention will have changes in the specific implementation and application scope. To sum up, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A laser processing system for forming a composite laser is characterized in that, comprising: at least two laser modules, a spot shaping device and a power control module; The at least two laser modules are connected to the light spot shaping device through a plurality of input fibers and output a composite light spot with a central light spot and at least one peripheral light spot; The power control module is electrically connected to the at least two laser modules, and is configured to control the power of the at least two laser modules to be adjustable within a preset range, so that the central spot and the peripheral spot are Form different energy ratio profiles. 2 . The laser processing system according to claim 1 , wherein the light spot shaping device comprises a ribbon fiber array and an optical waveguide, the ribbon fiber array and the optical waveguide are directly fused together, and the fiber array is fused together. 3 . A plurality of input fiber cores in the optical waveguide are aligned and coupled with respective waveguide layers of the optical waveguide. 3 . The laser processing system according to claim 2 , wherein the width of each waveguide layer of the optical waveguide is larger than the core diameter of the input fiber, and the numerical aperture of each waveguide layer is larger than the ribbon fiber. 4 . numerical aperture. 4 . The laser processing system according to claim 2 , wherein the ribbon fiber array is formed by arranging and fixing one end of the plurality of input fibers in parallel, and the core of the input fibers in the fiber array is 4 . The diameter is kept the same as the core diameter of other parts of the input optical fiber. The optical waveguide consists of a shaping part including a plurality of waveguide layers and an output part. The shaping part is an optical wedge symmetrical along the central optical axis. The end face of the wedge is nearly elliptical or rectangular. 5 . The laser processing system according to claim 4 , wherein the shaping part of the optical waveguide is processed by the part extending from the output part, and the output part is a triple-clad single-core fiber, a double-clad fiber, and a double-clad fiber. 6 . Either layered energy transfer fiber or multi-core fiber. 6 . The laser processing system according to claim 5 , wherein the shaping part and the output part of the optical waveguide are any one of welding, welding, socketing or mechanical fixing. 7 . 7. The laser processing system according to claim 2, wherein the optical waveguide has at least three waveguide layers, the center of the output composite light spot is a Gaussian light spot, and the periphery is a flat-top light spot, and the composite light spot is The numerical aperture is less than 0.22NA. 8 . The laser processing system according to claim 2 , wherein the optical waveguide has at least four waveguide layers, the center of the output composite light spot is a Gaussian spot or a flat-top spot, and the periphery is a flat-top spot, 9 . The numerical aperture of the composite light spot is less than 0.12NA. 9 . The laser processing system according to claim 1 , wherein the laser module is a single-fiber output all-fiber laser module with small core diameter, the minimum output power of the laser module is greater than 2000W, and the core diameter range is 1000W. 10 . 14um ~100um. 10. The laser processing system of claim 1, wherein the at least two laser modules output at least a first beam and a second beam having different wavelengths.

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