CN216958491U - Antenna assembly and base station antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an antenna assembly, comprising: a feed board; an array of radiating elements mounted on a feed board; an array of parasitic elements mounted on the feed board, wherein at least a portion of the radiating elements in the array of radiating elements are each surrounded by a plurality of spaced apart parasitic elements, and wherein at least a portion of the parasitic elements in the array of parasitic elements each include a first parasitic subcomponent extending in a first direction and a second parasitic subcomponent extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Furthermore, the present disclosure also relates to a base station antenna comprising the antenna assembly. Thereby, cross-polarization performance of the base station antenna can be effectively improved and radiation margin of the base station antenna can be improved.

Description

Antenna Components and Base Station Antennas

technical field

The present disclosure relates generally to radio communications, and more particularly, to an antenna assembly and base station antenna.

Background technique

In some conventional base station antennas, barriers can be placed around the radiating elements to improve isolation. Barrier refers to a metal or metallized wall extending forward from the reflector of the base station antenna, which is positioned to increase isolation between the radiating elements of the base station antenna. For example, the barriers may be mounted directly on the reflector or on one or more feed plates on the front surface of the reflector. However, installing the barriers to extend forward from the reflector may also undesirably increase the cost and/or weight of the base station antenna.

In addition, with the development of the communication system, there may be higher requirements on the cross-polarization performance of the base station antenna.

Utility model content

Therefore, it is an object of the present disclosure to provide an antenna assembly and a base station antenna that can overcome at least one drawback of the prior art.

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna assembly comprising:

feeder board;

An array of radiating elements mounted on a feeder board;

an array of parasitic elements mounted on a feed plate, wherein at least a portion of the radiating elements in the array of radiating elements are respectively surrounded by a plurality of parasitic elements spaced apart by a distance, and at least a portion of the parasitic elements in the array of parasitic elements respectively include extending along the first direction The first parasitic subcomponent and the second parasitic subcomponent extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element array is configured to tune the radiating boundary of the radiating element array.

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the radiating elements are each surrounded by at least four parasitic elements.

In some embodiments, the four parasitic elements surrounding the radiating element form a rectangular arrangement.

In some embodiments, the first parasitic element and the second parasitic element are arranged on a first side of one radiating element spaced apart from each other along the first direction, and the third parasitic element and the fourth parasitic element are spaced apart from each other along the first direction The open ground is arranged on a second side of the radiating element opposite the first side.

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the parasitic elements are electrically connected to the feeder plate.

In some embodiments, ground pads for parasitic elements are printed on the feeder board, and the corresponding parasitic elements are soldered to the ground pads.

In some embodiments, the ground pad includes a first bond for the first parasitic subcomponent and a second bond for the second parasitic subcomponent.

In some embodiments, the first weld portion extends in a first direction, and the second weld portion extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

In some embodiments, the ground pads are electrically connected to the ground plane of the feeder via metallized vias or conductors.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is configured to improve cross-polarization discrimination of the radiation pattern of the radiating element array.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is configured to improve peak cross-polarization discrimination by at least 2 dB at horizontal scan angles greater than the first angle and/or less than the second angle.

In some embodiments, the first angle is between 40° and 55°, and the second angle is between 0° and 15°.

In some embodiments, the first angle is between 30° and 60°, and the second angle is between 0° and 20°.

In some embodiments, a column of parasitic elements is shared between a first column of radiating elements and a second column of radiating elements in the array of radiating elements.

In some embodiments, at least two parasitic elements are shared between every two radiating elements in the first column of radiating elements, and at least two parasitic elements are shared between every two radiating elements in the second column of radiating elements .

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is an axisymmetric structure.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is axisymmetric about the first direction and/or the second direction.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is configured as a T-shaped member.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is configured as a cross-shaped member.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is an integrally formed structure.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is a split structure, and the first parasitic subcomponent and the second parasitic subcomponent are connected to form the parasitic element.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element is a metal piece.

In some embodiments, the extension length of the first parasitic subcomponent in the first direction is different from the extension length of the second parasitic subcomponent in the second direction.

In some embodiments, the radiating element is a patch radiating element.

In some embodiments, the extension of each radiating element in the first direction is greater than the extension of the first parasitic subcomponent in the first direction, and the extension of each radiating element in the second direction is greater than the second parasitic The extension of the subcomponent in the second direction.

In some embodiments, the extension of each radiating element in the first direction is greater than at least twice the extension of the first parasitic subcomponent in the first direction, and the extension of each radiating element in the second direction greater than at least twice the extension of the second parasitic subcomponent in the second direction.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna assembly comprising:

feeder board;

An array of radiating elements mounted on a feeder board;

A parasitic element array mounted on a feed plate for tuning the radiating boundary of an array of radiating elements, wherein at least some of the radiating elements in the array of radiating elements are surrounded by a plurality of parasitic elements, and the array of parasitic elements is further configured with To improve the cross-polarization discrimination rate of the radiation pattern.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna assembly, comprising:

feeder board;

An array of radiating elements mounted on a feeder board;

A plurality of parasitic elements mounted to extend forward from the feeder plate, wherein respective groups of four spaced apart parasitic elements surround at least some of the radiating elements, wherein at least some of the parasitic elements have a T-shaped cross-section or a cross-shaped cross-section section.

According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a base station antenna including a reflector and an antenna assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure mounted in front of the reflector.

Some embodiments according to the present disclosure can effectively reduce the weight and/or cost of the base station antenna. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cross-polarization performance of the base station antenna, such as the cross-polarization discrimination rate, can be effectively improved. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the radiation boundary of the base station antenna can be effectively improved.

Description of drawings

The present disclosure is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of specific embodiments. A brief description of the schematic drawings is as follows:

1 is a schematic perspective view of a base station antenna with a radome removed, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the base station antenna in FIG. 1;

3 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the antenna assembly of FIG. 3;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the metal pattern on the feeding board of the antenna assembly in Fig. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the feeder plate with parasitic elements installed in FIG. 3;

7A, 7B, and 7C are respectively exemplary variations of parasitic elements according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

8A, 8B, and 8C are respectively exemplary variations of parasitic elements according to further embodiments of the present disclosure.

9 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna assembly according to further embodiments of the present disclosure;

Figure 10 is a schematic front view of the antenna assembly of Figure 9;

Detailed ways

The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the disclosure. It should be understood, however, that this disclosure may be presented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below; Those skilled in the art will fully explain the protection scope of the present disclosure. It should also be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide still further embodiments.

It is to be understood that the phraseology herein is used to describe particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. Well-known functions or constructions may not be described in detail for brevity and/or clarity.

As used herein, when an element is referred to as being "on", "attached" to, "connected" to, "coupled" to, or "contacting" another element, etc., The element may be directly on, attached to, connected to, coupled to, or in contact with another element, or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, "directly attached" to another element, "directly connected" to another element, "directly coupled" to another element or, or "directly coupled" to another element. When directly contacting" another element, there will be no intervening elements. As used herein, a feature is arranged "adjacent" to another feature, which can mean that one feature has a portion that overlaps an adjacent feature or a portion that is above or below an adjacent feature.

In this context, spatially relative terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "high", "low" etc. The relationship in the attached picture. It is to be understood that spatially relative terms encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the figures. For example, when the device in the figures is turned over, features previously described as "below" other features may now be described as "above" the other features. The device may also be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) in which case the relative spatial relationships will be interpreted accordingly.

As used herein, the term "A or B" includes "A and B" and "A or B" rather than exclusively "A" or only "B" unless specifically stated otherwise.

As used herein, the term "schematic" or "exemplary" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" rather than as a "model" to be exactly reproduced. Any implementation illustratively described herein is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Furthermore, the present disclosure is not to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the above technical field, background, utility model summary or detailed description.

As used herein, the term "substantially" is meant to encompass any minor variation due to design or manufacturing imperfections, tolerances of devices or elements, environmental influences, and/or other factors.

As used herein, the term "at least a portion" may be a portion in any proportion. For example, it can be greater than 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or even 100%, that is, all.

Also, terms like "first," "second," and the like may also be used herein for reference purposes only, and are thus not intended to be limiting. For example, the terms "first," "second," and other such numerical terms referring to structures or elements do not imply a sequence or order unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

It should also be understood that the term "comprising/comprising" when used herein indicates the presence of the indicated features, steps, operations, units and/or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, Operations, units and/or components and/or combinations thereof.

In some base station antennas, barriers can be installed between the different radiating elements. The barriers may include vertically extending barriers extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the base station antenna, or horizontally extending barriers. These partitions can improve the isolation between adjacent radiating element columns on the one hand, and adjust the radiation boundary of the radiating element array on the other hand. However, installing these barriers on the reflector or feeder can also undesirably increase the cost and/or weight of the base station antenna. In addition, the installation of the barriers also increases the difficulty of routing on the feeder board, as the barriers typically span multiple radiating elements and thus have a longer extension.

In addition, with the development of communication systems, there may be higher requirements on the cross-polarization performance of the base station antenna, such as cross-polarization isolation. The cross-polarization isolation refers to the isolation degree of the radio frequency energy radiated by the radiating element with the first polarization of the base station antenna and the radiating element with the second (orthogonal) polarization of the base station antenna. The cross-polarization performance of a base station antenna may vary due to the electrical scan angle of the antenna beam it produces (i.e., the angle at which the antenna beam is electrically scanned from the "boresight" pointing direction of the radiating element, which is typically extended An axis passing through the center of the radiating element, which axis is perpendicular to the reflector on which the radiating element is mounted). It is desirable to provide tuning elements of different shapes and sizes, eg, extension lengths and/or extension directions, for different horizontal electrical scan angles in order to maintain good cross-polarization performance over a wide range of scan angles.

The present disclosure proposes a base station antenna, which may include a feeder board, a radiating element array mounted on the feeder board, and a parasitic element array mounted on the feeder board. At least some or all of the radiating elements in the array of radiating elements may be surrounded by parasitic elements. Parasitic elements can be used to tune the radiating boundaries of an array of radiating elements while maintaining good isolation.

Furthermore, the parasitic element array can be configured to improve the cross-polarization performance of the base station antenna, eg, the cross-polarization discrimination rate. In some embodiments, the parasitic element array may be configured to: improve peak cross-polarization discrimination by at least 2 dB at horizontal scan angles greater than the first angle and/or less than the second angle 3dB.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 , FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a base station antenna 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 shows a schematic front view of the base station antenna 100 .

The base station antenna 100 may be mounted on a raised structure, such as an antenna tower, utility pole, building, water tower, etc., such that its longitudinal axis may extend substantially perpendicular to the ground.

The base station antenna 100 is typically mounted within a radome (not shown) that provides environmental protection. The base station antenna 100 may include a reflector 10, which may include a metal surface that provides a ground plane and reflects, eg, redirects, electromagnetic waves that arrive at it to propagate forward.

The base station antenna 100 may include one or more antenna assemblies 200 arranged on the front side of the reflector 10 , and each antenna assembly 200 may include a feeder plate 20 and a radiation including a plurality of radiating elements 30 mounted on the feeder plate 20 element array. In the illustrated embodiment, the base station antenna 100 may include a plurality of (exemplarily four) antenna assemblies 200 , and each antenna assembly 200 may include a feeder plate 20 and a patch radiating element mounted on the feeder plate 20 array. It should be understood that these patch radiating elements 30 can be radiating elements in various forms, for example, can be formed as low-frequency band (617-960MHz or its sub-band) radiating element and mid-band (1427-2690 MHz or its sub-band) radiating element or high-frequency band (3.1-4.2 GHz or its sub-band) radiating element, etc., which are not limited in this document. It should also be understood that the patch radiating elements 30 may be replaced with some other type of radiating elements, such as cross-dipole radiating elements in other embodiments.

The base station antenna 100 may also include mechanical and electronic components (not shown), such as connectors, cables, phase shifters, remote electronic tilt units, duplexers, etc., typically disposed on the rear side of the reflector 10 .

3 to 6, the antenna assembly 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail. FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of an antenna assembly 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and FIG. 4 shows a schematic front view of the antenna assembly 200 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the antenna assembly 200 may include a feeder plate 20 , an array of radiating elements 30 mounted on the feeder plate 20 , and an array of parasitic elements 40 mounted on the feeder plate 20 . The feeder board 20 may, for example, comprise a printed circuit board. In the illustrated embodiment, the array of radiating elements 30 of each antenna assembly 200 may include radiating elements in multiple rows and columns (3 rows and 8 columns in the figure), and the multiple antenna assemblies 200 are combined to form the entire base station antenna 100 . Radiating element array (12 rows and 8 columns in the figure).

At least some or all of the radiating elements 30 in the array of radiating elements 30 may be surrounded by a plurality of parasitic elements 40, respectively. In the illustrated embodiment, each radiating element 30 may be surrounded by four parasitic elements 40, respectively. The four parasitic elements 40 may be distributed around the radiating element 30 at a distance from each other. The four parasitic elements 40 may form a rectangular (eg, square) arrangement, with each parasitic element adjacent to a corresponding corner of the radiating element 30 . The first parasitic element 40 - 1 and the second parasitic element 40 - 2 may be arranged on a first side in the horizontal direction of the radiating element 30 along a first direction, ie a vertical direction, spaced apart from each other, and the third parasitic element 40 -3 and the fourth parasitic element 40-4 may be arranged on a second side of the radiating element 30 opposite to the first side in the horizontal direction along the first direction, ie the vertical direction, spaced apart from each other.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , a column of parasitic elements 40 may be arranged between adjacent columns of radiation elements in the array of radiation elements 30 , and also between adjacent radiation elements 30 of each column of radiation elements 30 may be arranged At least one (here two) parasitic elements 40 . In order to maintain good isolation performance between adjacent columns of radiating elements 30, at least a part or all of the parasitic elements 40 may respectively include first parasitic sub-components 41 extending in a first direction, ie, a vertical direction, thereby forming a vertical 41 columns of first parasitic subcomponents arranged in the direction. In order to maintain good isolation performance between adjacent radiating elements 30 of each column of radiating elements 30, at least some or all of the parasitic elements 40 may include second parasitic sub-components 42 extending in the second direction, ie, the horizontal direction, thereby forming 42 rows of second parasitic subcomponents arranged along the first horizontal direction. Therefore, the antenna assembly 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can omit some or even all of the partitions installed in the conventional design solution, while maintaining good isolation performance. Advantageously, the parasitic element 40 can be constructed as an axisymmetric structure, since the symmetry of the parasitic element 40 favors the symmetry of the electromagnetic environment. In some embodiments, parasitic element 40 may be axisymmetric about a vertical and/or horizontal direction.

Furthermore, the size of the parasitic element 40 of the present disclosure is significantly reduced compared to conventional barriers that extend through multiple radiating elements. The vertical extension of the radiating element 30 may be significantly greater than the vertical extension of the first parasitic sub-component 41 , eg, 1.5 times, 2 times, or even 3 times larger. The extension length of the radiating element 30 in the horizontal direction may be significantly larger than the extension length of the second parasitic subcomponent 42 in the horizontal direction, eg, larger than 1.5 times, 2 times, or even 3 times. Therefore, on the one hand, the weight and/or cost of the base station antenna 100 can be reduced, and on the other hand, the wiring difficulty of the feeder line can also be reduced. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , parasitic elements 40 may be installed in spaces between feed lines of adjacent columns of radiating elements 30 , so that additional detours of feed lines to avoid parasitic elements 40 may be at least partially avoided.

The parasitic element 40 array according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may also be configured to improve the cross-polarization performance of the base station antenna 100, eg, the cross-polarization discrimination rate. The cross-polarization discrimination ratio is the ratio of the received main-polarization field strength to the cross-polarization field strength in the direction of maximum radiation. The horizontal and/or vertical components of the antenna beam at some scan angles can be balanced by adjusting the horizontal and/or vertical components of the parasitic element 40 (eg, the size parameters of the first parasitic sub-component 41 and/or the second parasitic sub-component 42 ). direct component, thereby improving the cross-polarization performance of the base station antenna 100. In some embodiments, the extension length of the first parasitic subcomponent 41 in the first direction may be different (eg, greater or less than) the extension length of the second parasitic subcomponent 42 in the second direction.

In some embodiments, the array of parasitic elements 40 may be configured to: improve the peak cross-polarization discrimination rate of the antenna beam generated by the base station antenna 100 at a horizontal scan angle greater than the first angle and/or improve the rate of peak cross-polarization generated by the base station antenna 100 The peak cross-polarization discrimination ratio of the antenna beam at a horizontal scan angle smaller than the second angle.

In some embodiments, the array of parasitic elements 40 may be configured to improve peak cross-polarization discrimination by at least 2 dB at horizontal scan angles greater than the first angle (eg, 30° to 60° or 40° to 55°) , 3dB, and/or at a horizontal scan angle smaller than the second angle (eg, 0° to 15°), the peak cross-polarization discrimination is improved by at least 2dB, 3dB.

5 and 6 , the mounting manner of the parasitic element 40 on the feeder plate 20 will be described in detail. FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the metal pattern on the feeder plate 20 of the antenna assembly 200 ; FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the feeder plate 20 with the parasitic element 40 mounted thereon.

Base station antennas sometimes include electrically suspended tuning elements that can be mounted in front of the reflector to fine-tune the shape of the antenna beam produced by the base station antenna. However, such electrically suspended tuning elements cannot be used to form the radiating boundary of the radiating element array of the base station antenna. Instead, an array of parasitic elements 40 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure may be electrically connected to the feed plate 20 and/or the reflector 10 for tuning the radiation boundary. Ground pads 60 for the corresponding parasitic elements 40 may be printed on the feeder plate 20 . Ground pads 60 may be electrically connected to the ground plane on the backside of feeder plate 20 via metallized vias or other electrical conductors.

The ground pad 60 may include a first soldering portion 61 for the first parasitic sub-component 41 of the parasitic element 40 and a second soldering portion 62 for the second parasitic sub-component 42 . In order to match the shape of the parasitic element 40, the first bonding portion 61 of the ground pad 60 may extend in the vertical direction, and the second bonding portion 62 may extend in the horizontal direction. In addition, in order to efficiently and reliably mount the parasitic element 40 array, each parasitic element 40 may be soldered to the corresponding ground pad 60 by means of reflow soldering.

7A-8C, exemplary designs of parasitic elements 40 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail.

Figures 7A to 7C show three exemplary variants of the parasitic element 40, which in each case is implemented as a T-shaped member. The vertical extension of the T-shaped member can be formed as the first parasitic sub-component 41 of the parasitic element 40 and the horizontal extension of the T-shaped member can be formed as the second parasitic sub-component 42 of the parasitic element 40 .

Figures 8A to 8C show three exemplary variants of the parasitic element 40, which in each case is realized as a cross-shaped member. The vertical extension of the cross-shaped member can be formed as the first parasitic sub-component 41 of the parasitic element 40 and the horizontal extension of the cross-shaped member can be formed as the second parasitic sub-component 42 of the parasitic element 40 . 9 and 10, schematic perspective and front views of the antenna assembly 200 are shown when the parasitic element 40 is a cross-shaped member. As with when the T-shaped member is used as the parasitic element 40 , when the parasitic element 40 is used as the cross-shaped member, a column of parasitic elements 40 may be shared between adjacent columns of radiating elements 30 . Furthermore, since the cross-shaped member is symmetrical both with respect to the vertical direction and with respect to the horizontal direction, it is possible that between every two radiating elements 30 in each column of radiating elements 30 also a common parasitic element 40, eg at least two parasitic elements element 40 . By sharing the parasitic element 40, the cost and/or weight of the base station antenna 100 can be further reduced, and the space utilization rate can be further improved.

In some embodiments, to balance weight and/or cost, only some of the radiating elements 30 in the array of radiating elements 30 may be surrounded by four parasitic elements. In some embodiments, a portion of the radiating elements 30 may be provided with a reduced number of parasitic elements, eg, a portion of the radiating elements 30 may be surrounded by three or two parasitic elements.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element 40 may be a one-piece structure, that is, the first parasitic sub-component 41 and the second parasitic sub-component 42 are integral.

In some embodiments, the parasitic element 40 may also be a split structure, that is, the first parasitic sub-component 41 and the second parasitic sub-component 42 may be connected to each other to form the parasitic element 40 . For example, the first parasitic sub-component 41 and the second parasitic sub-component 42 can be plugged, welded, screwed or glued to each other to form the parasitic element 40 .

In some embodiments, the first parasitic sub-component 41 and the second parasitic sub-component 42 of the parasitic element 40 can be mounted on the feeder plate 20 separately from each other, thereby forming independent tuning elements.

In some embodiments, parasitic element 40 may be a piece of metal. In some embodiments, parasitic element 40 may be a printed circuit board on which corresponding metal patterns may be printed.

Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure without materially departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all changes and modifications are included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. The disclosure is defined by the appended claims, with equivalents of the claims to be included.

Claims (39)

1. Antenna assembly, including: feeder board; An array of radiating elements mounted on a feeder board; an array of parasitic elements mounted on a feed plate, wherein at least a portion of the radiating elements in the array of radiating elements are respectively surrounded by a plurality of parasitic elements spaced apart by a distance, and at least a portion of the parasitic elements in the array of parasitic elements respectively include extending along the first direction The first parasitic subcomponent and the second parasitic subcomponent extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. 2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element array is configured to tune a radiation boundary of the radiating element array. 3. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the radiating elements are respectively surrounded by at least four parasitic elements. 4. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the four parasitic elements surrounding the radiating element form a rectangular arrangement. 5. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the first parasitic element and the second parasitic element are arranged on a first side of one radiating element spaced apart from each other along the first direction, and the third parasitic element and the second parasitic element are spaced apart from each other along the first direction. Four parasitic elements are arranged on a second side of the radiating element opposite the first side, spaced apart from each other along the first direction. 6. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the parasitic element is electrically connected to the feed plate. 7 . The antenna assembly of claim 6 , wherein ground pads for parasitic elements are printed on the feeder board, and the corresponding parasitic elements are soldered to the ground pads. 8 . 8. The antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein the ground pad includes a first solder joint for a first parasitic subcomponent and a second solder joint for a second parasitic subcomponent. 9 . The antenna assembly of claim 8 , wherein the first welding portion extends along a first direction, and the second welding portion extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. 10 . 10. The antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein the ground pad is electrically connected to the ground layer of the feeder board via metallized vias or conductors. 11. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element is configured to improve cross-polarization discrimination of the radiation pattern of the radiating element array. 12. The antenna assembly of claim 11, wherein the parasitic element is configured to cross peaks at a horizontal scan angle greater than the first angle and/or at a horizontal scan angle less than the second angle The polarization discrimination rate is improved by at least 2dB. 13. The antenna assembly of claim 12, wherein the first angle is between 40° and 55°, and the second angle is between 0° and 15°. 14. The antenna assembly of claim 12, wherein the first angle is between 30° and 60°, and the second angle is between 0° and 20°. 15. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein a column of parasitic elements is shared between a first column of radiating elements and a second column of radiating elements in the radiating element array. 16. The antenna assembly of claim 15, wherein at least two parasitic elements are shared between every two radiating elements in the first column of radiating elements and in every two radiating elements in the second column of radiating elements At least two parasitic elements are shared among the radiating elements. 17. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element is an axisymmetric structure. 18. The antenna assembly of claim 17, wherein the parasitic element is axisymmetric about the first direction and/or the second direction. 19. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element is configured as a T-shaped member. 20. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element is configured as a cross-shaped member. 21. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element is an integrally formed structure. 22 . The antenna assembly of claim 1 , wherein the parasitic element is a split structure, and the first parasitic subcomponent and the second parasitic subcomponent are connected to form the parasitic element. 23 . 23. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element is a metal piece. 24. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension length of the first parasitic subcomponent in the first direction is different from the extension length of the second parasitic subcomponent in the second direction. 25. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the radiating element is a patch radiating element. 26. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension length of each radiating element in the first direction is greater than the extension length of the first parasitic subcomponent in the first direction, and each radiating element extends in the first direction. The extension length in the two directions is greater than the extension length of the second parasitic subcomponent in the second direction. 27. The antenna assembly of claim 26, wherein the extension of each radiating element in the first direction is greater than at least twice the extension of the first parasitic subcomponent in the first direction, and each The extension of the radiating element in the second direction is greater than at least twice the extension of the second parasitic subcomponent in the second direction. 28. Antenna assemblies, comprising: feeder board; an array of radiating elements mounted on a feeder board; An array of parasitic elements mounted on a feed plate for tuning the radiation boundaries of an array of radiating elements, wherein at least some of the radiating elements in the array of radiating elements are surrounded by a plurality of parasitic elements, and the array of parasitic elements is further configured with To improve the cross-polarization discrimination rate of the radiation pattern. 29. The antenna assembly of claim 28, wherein the parasitic element array is configured to: at a horizontal scan angle greater than the first angle and/or at a horizontal scan angle less than the second angle The cross-polarization discrimination rate is improved by at least 2dB. 30. The antenna assembly of claim 29, wherein the parasitic element array is configured to: at a horizontal scan angle greater than the first angle and/or at a horizontal scan angle less than the second angle The cross-polarization discrimination rate is improved by at least 3dB. 31. The antenna assembly according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the first angle is between 40° and 55°, and the second angle is between 0° and 15°. 32. The antenna assembly of claim 28, wherein at least some of the radiating elements are each surrounded by four parasitic elements that are distributed and spaced apart from each other. 33. The antenna assembly of claim 32, wherein each parasitic element is electrically connected to the feeder board by reflow soldering, respectively. 34. The antenna assembly of claim 28, wherein each parasitic element comprises a first parasitic subcomponent extending in a first direction and a second parasitic subcomponent extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, respectively . 35. Antenna assemblies, comprising: feeder board; an array of radiating elements mounted on a feeder board; A plurality of parasitic elements mounted to extend forward from the feeder plate, wherein respective groups of four spaced apart parasitic elements surround at least some of the radiating elements, wherein at least some of the parasitic elements have a T-shaped cross-section or a cross-shaped cross-section section. 36. The antenna assembly of claim 35, wherein each parasitic element is electrically connected to the feed plate. 37. The antenna assembly of claim 35, wherein ground pads for parasitic elements are printed on the feeder board, and the corresponding parasitic elements are soldered to the ground pads. 38. The antenna assembly of claim 37, wherein respective parasitic elements are electrically connected to the ground pads by reflow soldering. 39. A base station antenna, characterized in that the base station antenna comprises a reflector and the antenna assembly according to one of claims 1 to 38 mounted in front of the reflector.

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