CN216864331U - Laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement - Google Patents
Laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement Download PDFInfo
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- CN216864331U CN216864331U CN202123302474.6U CN202123302474U CN216864331U CN 216864331 U CN216864331 U CN 216864331U CN 202123302474 U CN202123302474 U CN 202123302474U CN 216864331 U CN216864331 U CN 216864331U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement, which comprises: the laser cladding processing head comprises an optical fiber connector, an optical alignment assembly, an optical focusing assembly, a protective mirror assembly and a spray head which are sequentially connected, wherein the spray head comprises a spray head inner sleeve and a spray head outer sleeve, an annular gap is formed between the spray head inner sleeve and the spray head outer sleeve, and the spray head is provided with a powder feeding interface and a protective gas interface which are connected with the annular gap; the height detection device is used for detecting the working height of the laser cladding processing head; and the electric lifting device is respectively connected with the laser cladding processing head and the height detection device so as to drive the laser cladding processing head to move to a set working height. The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the powder cone or powder cluster gathered by the powder material can be better sent into a molten pool to be fully melted, the utilization rate of the powder material can be improved to a greater extent, and a cladding layer with good metallurgical bonding can be formed between the powder material and the surface to be processed during laser cladding operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement.
Background
The laser cladding processing head conducts, collimates and focuses laser beams emitted from the laser generator and irradiates the surfaces of workpieces to be processed to form a molten pool during laser cladding processing, a powder feeding device of the laser cladding processing head synchronously feeds powder materials for cladding and inert shielding gas carrying and conveying powder into the molten pool together to perform metallurgical reaction with the surfaces of the workpieces to be processed and rapidly solidify to form a cladding layer in a metallurgical bonding state with a certain thickness, and compared with arc surfacing and plasma spray welding, the laser cladding processing head has the advantages of low heat input, high energy density, rapid heating and rapid cooling and the like, so that the application prospect of the laser cladding processing in the remanufacturing field is very wide.
The laser cladding machining head can be divided into the following parts according to different powder feeding modes in different machining applications: the device comprises a paraxial pipeline powder feeding type laser cladding processing head, a coaxial annular powder feeding type laser cladding processing head, a coaxial multi-pipeline powder feeding type laser cladding processing head and an optical inner coaxial pipeline powder feeding type laser cladding processing head. The laser cladding processing head has the most important influence on the convergence of powder materials under the laser working focal distance in addition to different powder feeding modes in different processing applications, namely the cladding effect, the cladding efficiency and the powder material utilization rate, the laser spot size and the energy density are constant values in the laser working focal distance, and the convergence of the powder materials determines the quantity of the powder materials which are fully melted in a molten pool formed by laser spot irradiation, so that the cladding layer thickness, the cladding effect and the powder material utilization rate are directly influenced. Therefore, when the laser cladding processing is applied, the self-adaptive adjustment of the powder coke gathered by the powder material is important according to the dynamic change of the working focal length of the laser.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, in order to solve the problem of adjusting the working focal length of the laser during cladding processing of the laser cladding processing head, the embodiment of the utility model provides a laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting the working focal length along with movement.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement, which comprises:
the laser cladding processing head comprises an optical fiber connector, an optical alignment assembly, an optical focusing assembly, a protective mirror assembly and a nozzle which are sequentially connected, wherein the nozzle comprises a nozzle inner sleeve and a nozzle outer sleeve which is sleeved on the periphery of the nozzle inner sleeve, the nozzle inner sleeve and the nozzle outer sleeve are both of conical structures, an annular gap is formed between the nozzle inner sleeve and the nozzle outer sleeve, the nozzle outer sleeve is provided with a powder feeding interface and a protective gas interface, the powder feeding interface is connected with the annular gap, and the protective gas interface extends into the nozzle inner sleeve;
the height detection device is used for detecting the working height of the laser cladding processing head;
and the electric lifting device is respectively connected with the laser cladding processing head and the height detection device so as to drive the laser cladding processing head to move to a set working height.
Furthermore, a circulating water channel is arranged inside the inner wall of the spray head outer sleeve, and a circulating water interface connected with the circulating water channel is arranged on the surface of the spray head outer sleeve.
Further, the electric lifting device is a linear module or a rack-and-slider mechanism.
Further, the height detection device is one of a visual detection device, a laser ranging device and a mechanical detection device.
Further, the height detection device is a visual detection device, and the height detection device is mounted on one side of the laser cladding processing head through a suspension bracket and faces the working end of the laser cladding processing head.
Further, the optical collimating component or the optical focusing component is one of a transmission focusing fused quartz coated optical mirror, a transmission integrating fused quartz coated optical mirror, a reflection focusing mirror copper optical mirror and a reflection integrating mirror copper optical mirror.
Further, the optical fiber connector is connected with the laser emitter through an optical fiber.
Further, the fiber connector is one of a QBH connector, a QDH connector and an LLK-D connector.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting the working focal length along with movement, the height of the laser cladding processing head from a plane to be processed is detected through the height detection device, the laser cladding processing head is adjusted through the electric lifting device in real time, the laser cladding head can be kept at the proper working focal length in any processing position state, a powder cone or powder cluster gathered by powder materials can be better guaranteed to be sent into a molten pool to be fully melted, the utilization rate of the powder materials can be improved to a greater extent, and a cladding layer with good metallurgical bonding can be formed between the powder materials and the plane to be processed during laser cladding operation.
2. When laser cladding operation is carried out on the surface of a workpiece to be processed on a fluctuated plane, the optimal working focal length of the laser cladding processing head is adjusted through real-time linkage of the height detection device and the electric lifting device, and the difficulty of teaching and programming of a movement mechanism loading the laser cladding head in automatic laser cladding processing is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding process head system with adaptive adjustment of working focal length with motion;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ejection head 8 of fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises an optical fiber connector 1, an electric lifting device 2, an optical alignment component 3, an optical focusing component 4, a height detection device 5, a hanging bracket 6, a protective mirror component 7, a spray head 8, a spray head outer sleeve 9, a spray head inner sleeve 10, a powder feeding interface 11, a protective gas interface 12, a circulating water interface 13 and an annular gap 14.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is of the preferred embodiment of the utility model and is intended to provide a basic understanding of the utility model, but is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the utility model or to delineate the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting a working focal length along with movement, which is applied to cladding processing, and is particularly suitable for laser cladding processing of a non-horizontal surface and a complex curved surface. The laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting the working focal length along with the movement mainly comprises a laser cladding processing head, a height detection device 5 and an electric lifting device 2.
In this embodiment, the laser cladding processing head is a coaxial annular powder feeding type laser cladding processing head, and it can be understood that the laser cladding processing head can also be a paraxial pipeline powder feeding type laser cladding processing head, a coaxial multi-pipeline powder feeding type laser cladding processing head, and an in-beam coaxial pipeline powder feeding type laser cladding processing head.
The laser cladding processing head specifically comprises an optical fiber connector 1, an optical alignment assembly 3, an optical focusing assembly 4, a protective lens assembly 7 and a spray head 8 which are connected in sequence. The optical fiber connector 1 is arranged at the tail end of the laser cladding processing head and used for being connected with a laser emitter. The fiber optic connector 1 can be selected from a variety of different types of connectors including, but not limited to, QBH connectors, QD connectors, and LLK-D connectors.
The optical alignment assembly 3 and the optical focusing assembly 4 are used for optically adjusting the laser beam input by the optical fiber connector 1, and the laser beam after optical adjustment is focused by the protective lens assembly 7. The optical collimating component 3 is one of a transmission focusing fused quartz coated optical mirror, a transmission integrating fused quartz coated optical mirror, a reflection focusing mirror surface copper optical mirror and a reflection integrating mirror surface copper optical mirror. Similarly, the optical focusing assembly 4 may be one of a transmission focusing fused silica coated optical mirror, a transmission integrating fused silica coated optical mirror, a reflection focusing specular copper optical mirror and a reflection integrating specular copper optical mirror. The protective glass component 7 is a quick-change protective glass component which is detachably mounted and can be quickly changed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the nozzle 8 is arranged at the front end of the laser cladding processing head, a powder feeding port 11 and a shielding gas port 12 are arranged at the upper part of the nozzle 8, and a circulating water channel is arranged inside the outer wall of the nozzle 8. Specifically, the nozzle 8 comprises a nozzle outer sleeve 9 and a nozzle inner sleeve 10, the nozzle outer sleeve 9 and the nozzle inner sleeve 10 are both of a cone-shaped tip opening structure made of red copper, the nozzle outer sleeve 9 is sleeved on the periphery of the nozzle inner sleeve 10, an annular gap 14 is formed between the inner wall surfaces of the cone of the nozzle outer sleeve and the cone of the nozzle inner sleeve, the powder feeding port 11 is connected with the annular gap 14, the protective gas port 12 extends into the nozzle inner sleeve 10, so that powder and inert gas are input into the nozzle 8, and a hollow powder cone is formed after the input powder material and is gathered in a molten pool generated by a laser spot irradiation processing surface to achieve laser cladding operation. The circulating water passageway set up in inside the outer wall of shower nozzle overcoat 9, shower nozzle overcoat 9 surface is equipped with circulating water interface 13, circulating water interface 13 connects the circulating water passageway, in order to right input cooling water in shower nozzle overcoat 9, at the cooling of laser cladding operation in-process.
The number of the powder feeding interfaces 11, the number of the protective gas interfaces 12 and the number of the circulating water interfaces 13 can be multiple, and the specific number can be flexibly set according to the specification and the size of the spray head 8. Preferably, the powder feeding ports 11, the shielding gas ports 12 and the circulating water ports 13 are all uniformly arranged around the outer wall of the spray head 8.
The height detection device 5 is used for detecting the working height of the laser cladding processing head, and the height detection device 5 is one of a visual detection device, a laser ranging device and a mechanical detection device. As in the present embodiment, the height detection device 5 is a visual detection device, and the height detection device 5 is disposed on one side of the laser cladding processing head and faces the working end of the laser cladding processing head. In this embodiment, the height detection device 5 is mounted on one side of the laser cladding processing head through a suspension bracket 6.
The electric lifting device 2 is also in communication connection with the height detection device 5 to obtain the current working height of the laser cladding processing head, and meanwhile, the electric lifting device 2 is also used for comparing the current working height with the set working height, and when the working heights are different, the electric lifting device 2 is used for adjusting the cladding working height of the laser processing head in real time to be consistent with the set working height so as to ensure that cladding materials can be fully melted in a molten pool of a focusing light spot irradiation area and form a cladding layer with good metallurgical bonding with the surface of a region to be processed.
When the laser cladding processing head system which can self-adaptively adjust the working focal length along with the movement carries out laser cladding processing, laser beams emitted from a laser emitter are transmitted to an optical fiber connector 1 through optical fibers, then are optically adjusted through an optical alignment component 3 and an optical focusing component 4, and then are focused and irradiated on the surface of a workpiece to be processed through a protective mirror component 7 to form a molten pool, cladding materials conveyed out by a cladding material conveying device through inert gas are conveyed into the molten pool through a powder conveying interface 11 and a nozzle 8 of a laser cladding processing head to be melted and form a cladding layer with good metallurgical bonding with the surface of the workpiece to be processed, meanwhile, after the laser cladding processing head inserts the inert gas into the protective gas interface 12, positive pressure gas from a nozzle of the laser cladding processing head can effectively avoid generated smoke, splash and particulate matters from polluting the laser cladding processing head during laser cladding processing operation; when the laser cladding processing head carries out laser cladding processing operation, the real-time working height of the laser cladding processing head can be detected through the height detection device 5 and compared with the set working height, and when the working heights are different, the working height of the laser cladding processing head is adjusted in real time through the electric lifting device 2 to be consistent with the set working height, so that cladding materials can be enabled to enter a molten pool of a focusing light spot irradiation area to be fully melted and form a cladding layer with good metallurgical bonding with the surface of an area to be processed.
According to the laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting the working focal length along with the movement, the dynamic adaptive capacity of the laser cladding processing head to the laser cladding processing of a non-horizontal plane and a complex curved surface is improved through the characteristic that the height detection device 5 and the electric lifting device 2 are in real-time linkage control, the cladding efficiency and the cladding effect of the laser cladding processing head are improved, and the limitation of the laser cladding processing head in the processing application of the non-horizontal plane, the complex curved surface and the like under the prior art is better solved.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that they are relative concepts that may be modified in various manners of use and placement and that the use of directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of what is claimed.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a along with laser cladding processing head system of motion self-adaptation adjustment work focus which characterized in that includes:
the laser cladding processing head comprises an optical fiber connector, an optical alignment assembly, an optical focusing assembly, a protective mirror assembly and a nozzle which are sequentially connected, wherein the nozzle comprises a nozzle inner sleeve and a nozzle outer sleeve which is sleeved on the periphery of the nozzle inner sleeve, the nozzle inner sleeve and the nozzle outer sleeve are both of conical structures, an annular gap is formed between the nozzle inner sleeve and the nozzle outer sleeve, the nozzle outer sleeve is provided with a powder feeding interface and a protective gas interface, the powder feeding interface is connected with the annular gap, and the protective gas interface extends into the nozzle inner sleeve;
the height detection device is used for detecting the working height of the laser cladding processing head;
and the electric lifting device is respectively connected with the laser cladding processing head and the height detection device so as to drive the laser cladding processing head to move to a set working height.
2. The laser cladding processing head system for adaptively adjusting a working focal length along with a movement of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the spray head outer sleeve is internally provided with a circulating water channel, and the surface of the spray head outer sleeve is provided with a circulating water interface connected with the circulating water channel.
3. The laser cladding processing head system for adaptively adjusting a working focal length along with a movement of claim 1, wherein: the electric lifting device is a linear module or a rack sliding block mechanism.
4. The laser cladding processing head system for adaptively adjusting a working focal length with movement of claim 1, wherein: the height detection device is one of a visual detection device, a laser ranging device and a mechanical detection device.
5. The laser cladding processing head system for adaptively adjusting a working focal length with movement of claim 4, wherein: the height detection device is a visual detection device and is arranged on one side of the laser cladding processing head through a suspension bracket and faces to the working end of the laser cladding processing head.
6. The laser cladding processing head system for adaptively adjusting a working focal length with movement of claim 1, wherein: the optical collimation assembly or the optical focusing assembly is one of a transmission focusing type fused quartz coated optical mirror, a transmission integral type fused quartz coated optical mirror, a reflection focusing type mirror surface copper optical mirror and a reflection integral type mirror surface copper optical mirror.
7. The laser cladding processing head system for adaptively adjusting a working focal length with movement of claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber connector is connected with the laser emitter through an optical fiber.
8. The laser cladding processing head system for adaptively adjusting a working focal length with movement of claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber connector is one of a QBH connector, a QD connector and an LLK-D connector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123302474.6U CN216864331U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123302474.6U CN216864331U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement |
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| CN216864331U true CN216864331U (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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| CN202123302474.6U Active CN216864331U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Laser cladding processing head system capable of adaptively adjusting working focal length along with movement |
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