CN216793952U - Batteries and Electronic Devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a battery and electronic device, the battery includes electric core and circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes metal bottom plate, and a housing, contact and thermal strain element, shell and metal bottom plate inject jointly and hold the chamber, thermal strain element sets up and holds in the chamber, the one end of contact is located and holds in the chamber and with separable mode contact metal bottom plate, the other end of contact wears to establish the shell and extends to and holds outside the chamber, thermal strain element sets up between the first surface of contact and metal bottom plate, the second surface at metal bottom plate is connected to the one end of utmost point ear, first surface is relative with the second surface. The metal bottom plate of the circuit breaker directly contacts with the lug of the battery cell, so that the path from the heat of the battery cell to the circuit breaker is short, and the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker is synchronous with the temperature of the battery cell. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery core rises or is abnormal, the circuit breaker can block the transmission of current in time, thereby playing the role of protecting the battery and improving the safety performance of the battery.

Description

Batteries and Electronic Devices

technical field

The present application relates to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular, to a battery and an electronic device.

Background technique

Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy storage density, high open circuit voltage, low self-discharge rate, long cycle life, and good safety. They are widely used in portable electrical energy storage, electronic equipment, electric vehicles and other fields. Among them, the lithium-ion battery used in electronic devices such as notebook computers usually includes a circuit breaker, which is used to control the conduction or disconnection of the current between the lithium-ion battery and the electronic device. However, in the related art, the heat transfer path between the lithium-ion battery and the circuit breaker is relatively long, so that the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker lags the actual temperature of the lithium-ion battery, and the temperature of the lithium-ion battery is likely to rise abnormally. High but the circuit breaker still cannot cut off the current, resulting in the continuous increase of the temperature of the lithium-ion battery, which has a safety hazard and can cause a fire in severe cases. Therefore, the synergy between the existing lithium-ion battery and the circuit breaker needs to be improved to improve the safety performance of the lithium-ion battery.

Utility model content

The purpose of the present application is to provide a battery and an electronic device to improve the safety performance of the battery.

A first aspect of the present application provides a battery, comprising: a battery cell, the battery cell includes a tab and a sealing portion disposed on one side edge of the battery cell, one end of the tab extending from the sealing portion Passing out; a circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes a metal base plate, a casing, a contact piece and a thermal strain element, the casing and the metal base plate jointly define a accommodating cavity, and the thermal strain element is arranged in the accommodating cavity, One end of the contact piece is located in the accommodating cavity and contacts the metal base plate in a separable manner, and the other end of the contact piece passes through the housing and extends out of the accommodating cavity, and the thermal strain The element is arranged between the contact piece and the first surface of the metal base plate, one end of the tab is connected to the second surface of the metal base plate, and the first surface is opposite to the second surface. The metal base plate of the circuit breaker is in direct contact with the tabs of the battery cells, so that the heat of the battery cells conducts to the circuit breaker with a shorter path, so that the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker can be synchronized with the temperature of the battery cells. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cell rises or an abnormality occurs, the circuit breaker can block the transmission of current in time, thereby protecting the battery and improving the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit breaker is fixed on the sealing portion, and one end of the tab is disposed between the second surface of the metal base plate and the sealing portion.

In some embodiments of the present application, the battery further includes a transition metal sheet connected to the other end of the contact piece.

In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit breaker further includes a spring, the housing includes a top wall opposite to the first surface of the metal bottom plate, one end of the spring is connected to the top wall, the The other end of the spring is connected to the contact piece. The contacts are stabilized in contact with the first surface of the metal base plate to provide a stable current path.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thermally strained element is an insulator.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal strain element is a conductive member, and the circuit breaker further includes a thermistor disposed in the accommodating cavity, the thermistor being connected near the contact member. One side of the thermal strain element, the thermal strain element offsets the thermistor under the condition of thermal deformation.

In some embodiments of the present application, the contact member is a rocker arm, the rocker arm includes a first portion and a second portion connected to the first portion, the second portion and the first portion having a clip therebetween The first part penetrates through the casing in a swingable manner; under the condition that the thermal strain element is not thermally deformed, the end of the second part away from the first part and the metal base plate first surface contact.

In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the second portion and the first portion is 45°-135°. By regulating the angle between the second part and the first part within the above range, not only the safety performance of the battery can be improved, but also the cost can be controlled.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the metal base plate is 100 μm to 1000 μm. By adjusting the thickness of the metal base plate within the above range, a good heat conduction effect can be achieved, so as to improve the safety performance of the battery.

A second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising the battery of any of the preceding embodiments.

The application provides a battery, which includes: a battery cell, the battery core includes a tab and a sealing part arranged on one side edge of the battery core, one end of the tab protrudes from the sealing part; a circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes a metal base plate, a casing , a contact piece and a thermal strain element, the housing and the metal base plate together define a accommodating cavity, the thermal strain element is arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the contact piece is located in the accommodating cavity and contacts the metal base plate in a separable manner, and the other end of the contact piece Passing through the housing and extending out of the accommodating cavity, the thermal strain element is arranged between the contact piece and the first surface of the metal base plate, one end of the tab is connected to the second surface of the metal base plate, and the first surface is opposite to the second surface. The metal base plate of the circuit breaker is in direct contact with the tabs of the battery cells, so that the heat of the battery cells conducts to the circuit breaker with a shorter path, so that the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker can be synchronized with the temperature of the battery cells. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cell rises or an abnormality occurs, the circuit breaker can block the transmission of current in time, thereby protecting the battery and improving the safety performance of the battery.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings required in the embodiments and the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present application. some examples.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in an embodiment of the application;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a circuit breaker in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the circuit breaker shown in FIG. 2 after the temperature is raised;

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application fall within the protection scope of this application.

A first aspect of the present application provides a battery. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the battery 10 includes a battery cell 20 and a circuit breaker 30 . The battery cell 20 includes a positive electrode tab 21 , a negative electrode tab 22 and a sealing portion 23 disposed on one edge of the battery cell 20 . The circuit breaker 30 includes a metal base plate 31 , a casing 32 , a contact piece 33 and a thermal strain element 34 . The casing 32 and the metal base plate 31 together define an accommodation cavity 35 , and the thermal strain element 34 is arranged in the accommodation cavity 35 . One end of the contact piece 33 It is located in the accommodating cavity 35 and contacts the metal base plate 31 in a separable manner. The other end of the contact piece 33 passes through the housing 32 and extends out of the accommodating cavity 35 . Between one surface 31a, one end of the positive electrode tab 21 is connected to the second surface 31b of the metal base plate 31, and the first surface 31a is opposite to the second surface 31b.

The above-mentioned "thermal strain element" refers to an element that can change in shape, or change in size, or change in shape and size at the same time when the temperature changes. For example, the thermal strain element is a thermal strain elastic sheet, and the thermal strain elastic sheet can include a metal elastic sheet or any elastic sheet made of other thermal strain materials known in the art. In addition, the thermal strain elastic sheet can be a single-layer structure elastic sheet or a double-layered elastic sheet. The elastic sheet of the layer or multi-layer structure is not limited in this application.

The above-mentioned "separable contact" means that the contact piece 33 can selectively contact the metal base plate 31 or be separated from the metal base plate 31 based on different conditions. For example, when the temperature of the cell 20 is within the normal operating temperature range (for example, greater than or equal to -40° C. and less than 70° C.), and the thermal strain element 34 does not reach the strain temperature and maintains its original shape, the contact piece 33 contacts the metal base plate 31 to achieve The current between the contacts 33 and the metal base plate 31 is conducted; when the cell 20 is overheated, for example, the temperature of the cell 20 exceeds the normal operating temperature (for example, greater than or equal to 70° C.), the heat from the cell 20 is transferred to the metal base plate 31 to the The thermal strain element 34 deforms the thermal strain element 34 , and the deformed thermal strain element 34 separates the contact piece 33 from the metal base plate 31 , so that the conductive function between the contact piece 33 and the metal base plate 31 cannot be achieved.

In the battery 10 with the above structure, the metal base plate 31 of the circuit breaker 30 is in direct contact with the positive tab 21 of the battery cell 20 , so that the heat of the battery core 20 conducts to the circuit breaker 30 with a shorter path, so that the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker 30 is short. It is synchronized with the temperature of the battery cell 20 . Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cell 20 increases or an abnormality occurs, the thermal strain element 34 in the circuit breaker 30 will be reversed after being heated to form a state as shown in FIG. The transmission of current can be blocked in time, so as to protect the battery 10 and improve the safety performance of the battery 10 . It will be appreciated that the circuit breaker may also be connected to the negative tab of the battery.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the circuit breaker 30 is fixed on the sealing part 23 , and one end of the positive tab 21 is disposed between the second surface 31 b of the metal base plate 31 and the sealing part 23 , In order to realize the connection between the circuit breaker 30 and the battery cell 20 . Specifically, the end of the positive tab 21 passing through the sealing portion 23 is folded and directly contacted with the sealing portion 23 , and then directly electrically connected to the metal base plate 31 of the circuit breaker 30 . It can be understood that the circuit breaker can also be connected to the negative electrode tab. Specifically, the end of the negative electrode lug passing through the sealing part is folded and directly contacted with the sealing part, and then directly electrically connected to the metal base plate of the circuit breaker. The present application does not specifically limit the specific manner of realizing the connection between the components in the battery, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved, such as welding connection.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the battery further includes a transition metal sheet 24 , and the transition metal sheet 24 is connected to the other end of the contact piece 33 outside the accommodating cavity 35 . The metal sheet 24 is also connected with the sealing portion 23 to improve the connection reliability between the circuit breaker 30 and the battery cell 20 . In this application, the circuit breaker can be connected to the positive electrode tab, and the negative electrode tab and the transfer metal sheet can be connected to the electrical device; Electrical device connection. The application does not specifically limit the specific ways of connecting the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab, and the transfer metal sheet with the electrical device, and the connection methods known in the art can be used, as long as the purpose of the application can be achieved. .

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2 , the circuit breaker 30 further includes a spring 36 , the housing 32 includes a top wall 32 a disposed opposite to the first surface 31 a of the metal bottom plate 31 , and one end of the spring 36 is connected to the top wall 32 a Connection, the other end of the spring 36 is connected to the contact piece 33 . The arrangement of the spring 36 can provide a certain compressive force to stabilize the contact between the contact piece 33 and the first surface 31a of the metal base plate 31, so as to provide a stable current path.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thermally strained element is an insulator. After the thermal strain element is thermally deformed, current conduction cannot be achieved between the contact piece and the metal base plate, thereby protecting the battery and improving the safety performance of the battery. The material of the insulating member is not particularly limited in the present application, and insulating members known in the art can be used as long as the insulating effect can be achieved. In the present application, the insulating parts may be all made of insulating materials, or an insulating layer may be arranged on the surface of the conductive parts to cover the conductive parts to achieve insulating effect.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the thermal strain element 34 is a conductive member, and the circuit breaker 30 further includes a thermistor 37 disposed in the accommodating cavity 35 , and the thermistor 37 is connected to the contact On the side of the member 33 close to the thermal strain element 34, the thermal strain element 34 counteracts the thermistor 37 under the condition of thermal deformation. The above-mentioned thermistor 37 refers to an element whose internal resistance increases when the temperature increases, so that the current of the circuit where the thermistor 37 is located decreases; or an element that becomes an insulator when the temperature increases. When the internal resistance of the thermistor 37 increases and becomes an insulator, it is equivalent to breaking the circuit, and the purpose of protecting the circuit can be achieved. Therefore, after the thermal strain element 34 is deformed by heat, current conduction cannot be achieved between the contact member 33 and the metal base plate 31 , so as to protect the battery 10 and improve the safety performance of the battery 10 . In addition, in order to maintain the deformation of the thermal strain element 34, the above-mentioned thermistor 37 may also have the property of generating heat when a current is passed.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2 , the contact piece 331 is a rocker arm, and the rocker arm includes a first part 331 and a second part 332 connected with the first part 331 , and between the second part 332 and the first part 332 There is an included angle, and the first part 332 penetrates through the casing 32 in a swingable manner; when the thermal strain element 34 is not deformed by heat, the end of the second part 332 away from the first part 331 and the first surface 31a of the metal base plate 31 touch. The above-mentioned "penetrating in a swingable manner" means that the first part 331 can move in any direction within a certain range. It can be understood that the housing 32 includes a through hole for allowing the first part to be penetrated.

In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the second part and the first part is 45°-135°, preferably 75°-105°, more preferably 90°. For example, the angle between the second portion and the first portion may be 45°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 90°, 100°, 105°, 110°, 120°, 130° , 135°, or any range in between. When the included angle between the second part and the first part is too small (for example, less than 45°) or too large (for example, greater than 135°), the processing difficulty of the circuit breaker will increase, and the cost will increase. By regulating the angle between the second part and the first part within the above range, not only the safety performance of the battery can be improved, but also the cost can be controlled. As shown in the circuit breaker 30 shown in FIG. 2 , the contact piece 33 is a rocker arm, and the included angle between the first part 331 and the second part 332 is 90°, which has better structural stability.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the metal base plate is 100 μm to 1000 μm. For example, the thickness of the metal base plate can be 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm, 1000 μm, or any range therebetween. When the thickness of the metal base plate is too small (for example, less than 100 μm), the structural stability of the circuit breaker will be affected. When the thickness of the metal base plate is too large (for example, greater than 1000 μm), the heat conduction effect will be affected. By adjusting the thickness of the metal base plate within the above range, a good heat conduction effect can be achieved, so as to improve the safety performance of the battery. There is no particular limitation on the metal bottom plate in the present application, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved, for example, the metal bottom plate can be a metal bottom plate with good heat transfer effect such as copper plate, aluminum plate or alloy plate.

In some embodiments of the present application, the area covered by the orthographic projection of the metal base plate on the sealing part is the first area, the area covered by the orthographic projection of the tab connected to the circuit breaker on the sealing part is the second area, and the first area is the first area. The area and the second area at least partially overlap, preferably the second area is within the first area.

In some embodiments of the present application, the area covered by the orthographic projection of the housing on the sealing portion is the third area, and the second area is within the first area, the third area and the second area at least partially overlap or do not overlap at all, preferably Ground, the third area and the second area at least partially overlap.

The positive electrode tab mentioned in this application refers to the metal conductor drawn from the positive electrode piece, the negative electrode tab refers to the metal conductor drawn from the negative electrode piece, and the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are used for series connection or parallel connection. other parts of the battery. There is no particular limitation on the materials of the positive electrode tabs and the negative electrode tabs in the present application, and the materials of the positive electrode tabs and the negative electrode tabs known in the art can be used as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved.

In the present application, the structure of the electrode assembly may be a winding structure, and the electrode assembly includes a single-pole tab or a multi-pole tab. The electrode assembly includes a monopole lug, and a positive electrode lug is drawn from the positive pole piece, and a negative pole lug is respectively drawn from the negative pole piece. The electrode assembly includes multi-pole tabs, which can be one positive tab drawn from each circle of positive pole pieces, one negative pole piece drawn from each circle of negative pole pieces, or one positive pole drawn from two or more circles of positive pole pieces. The pole lug can also be a negative pole lug drawn from two or more circles of negative pole pieces. Finally, an electrode assembly with a winding structure includes multiple sets of positive pole lugs and negative pole lugs, and then the positive pole lugs are formed by transfer welding. lead and negative tab lead.

In some embodiments of the present application, the structure of the electrode assembly is a laminated structure, and the electrode assembly includes multi-pole tabs, which may be one positive tab drawn from each layer of positive pole pieces, and one negative pole drawn from each layer of negative pole pieces Tabs, and finally a laminated structure electrode assembly includes multiple groups of positive tabs and negative tabs, and then is transferred to form positive tab leads and negative tab leads through transfer welding.

In the present application, the cell includes a packaging bag including an edge region for forming a seal. There is no particular limitation on the packaging bag in the present application, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved. For example, the packaging bag may include an inner layer and an outer layer, and the material of the inner layer may include a polymer material, so as to achieve a good sealing effect; at the same time, the combination of the inner layer and the outer layer can effectively protect the internal structure of the battery. In this application, the polymer material of the inner layer is not particularly limited, as long as the purpose of the application can be achieved. For example, the polymer material of the inner layer may include but not limited to polypropylene, polyester, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, At least one of polyamide, polyphenylene oxide or polyurethane. In the present application, the material of the above outer layer is not particularly limited, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved, for example, the material of the outer layer may include but not limited to at least one of aluminum foil, aluminum oxide layer or silicon nitride layer .

The present application does not specifically limit the sealing method of the sealing portion, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved. For example, the sealing method includes one of heat pressing, glue sealing, and welding on the edge area of the packaging bag. Preferably, the sealing method is hot pressing. The temperature and pressure of hot pressing are not particularly limited in this application, as long as the purpose of the application can be achieved. For example, the hot pressing temperature is 150°C to 220°C, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.1 MPa. to 0.6MPa.

The battery of the present application is not particularly limited, and for example, may include, but is not limited to, a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery (lithium ion battery), a lithium polymer secondary battery, or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery, and the like.

A second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising the battery of any of the preceding embodiments. The battery provided by the present application has good safety performance, so the electronic device including the battery provided by the present application has good safety performance and use performance.

The electronic device of the present application is not particularly limited, and it can be used in any electronic device known in the prior art. In some embodiments, electronic devices may include, but are not limited to, notebook computers, pen input computers, mobile computers, e-book players, portable telephones, portable fax machines, portable copiers, portable printers, headsets, VCRs, LCD TVs, portable cleaners, portable CD players, mini discs, transceivers, electronic notepads, calculators, memory cards, portable recorders, radios, backup power supplies, motors, automobiles, motorcycles, assisted bicycles, bicycles, Lighting equipment, toys, game consoles, clocks, power tools, flashlights, cameras, large batteries or lithium-ion capacitors for household use, etc.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual existence between these entities relationship or order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and reference may be made to each other for the same and similar parts between the various embodiments, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection of the present application. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. a battery, is characterized in that, comprises: an electric core, the electric core includes a tab and a sealing part arranged on one side edge of the electric core, and one end of the tab protrudes from the sealing part; A circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes a metal base plate, a casing, a contact piece, and a thermal strain element, the casing and the metal base plate jointly define a receiving cavity, the thermal strain element is arranged in the receiving cavity, and the contact One end of the contact piece is located in the accommodating cavity and contacts the metal bottom plate in a separable manner, the other end of the contact piece passes through the housing and extends out of the accommodating cavity, and the thermal strain element is arranged on Between the contact piece and the first surface of the metal base plate, one end of the tab is connected to the second surface of the metal base plate, and the first surface is opposite to the second surface. 2 . The battery of claim 1 , wherein the circuit breaker is fixed on the sealing portion, and one end of the tab is disposed between the second surface of the metal base plate and the sealing portion. 3 . 3 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the battery further comprises a transfer metal sheet, and the transfer metal sheet is connected to the other end of the contact piece. 4 . 4 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the circuit breaker further comprises a spring, the casing comprises a top wall opposite to the first surface of the metal bottom plate, and one end of the spring is connected to the The top wall is connected, and the other end of the spring is connected with the contact piece. 5. The battery of claim 1, wherein the thermal strain element is an insulating member. 6 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the thermal strain element is a conductive member, and the circuit breaker further comprises a thermistor disposed in the accommodating cavity, the thermistor being connected to the accommodating cavity. 7 . A side of the contact piece close to the thermal strain element, the thermal strain element counteracts the thermistor under the condition of thermal deformation. 7. The battery according to claim 1, wherein the contact member is a rocker arm, the rocker arm comprises a first part and a second part connected with the first part, the second part and the There is an included angle between the first parts, and the first part penetrates the casing in a swingable manner; in the case that the thermal strain element is not deformed by heat, the end of the second part away from the first part in contact with the first surface of the metal base plate. 8 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the included angle between the second part and the first part is 45°-135°. 9 . 9 . The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the metal base plate is 100 μm to 1000 μm. 10 . 10. An electronic device, comprising the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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