CN216739495U - A kind of anti-ship collision protection device for wading building area - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water-wading building area type anti-ship collision protection device, which comprises a floating box arranged at intervals on the outside of the water-wading building. The utility model is characterized in that a pulley system is arranged on the floating box, and the pulley system at least comprises a first fixed The pulley and a first cable; the first fixed pulley is fixedly installed on the floating box; one end of the first cable is relatively fixed to the riverbed below the floating box, and the other end bypasses the first fixed pulley and is suspended and connected with a first counterweight driving block. The floating box can also be arranged in a figure-eight shape and semi-enclosed on the upstream and downstream sides of the wading building, so that the interior of the floating box forms an anti-collision protection area, and the lower end of the upstream floating box and the upper end of the downstream floating box are fixedly connected. It is especially suitable for the regional anti-collision protection of bridge pier group wading buildings. The utility model is capable of self-adaptive adjustment and has a flexible anti-collision effect, and at the same time, the utility model has the characteristics of rigidity and flexibility, good adaptability, good adjustability, low cost and better anti-collision effect.

Description

A kind of anti-ship collision protection device for wading building area

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of water-wading building safety protection, in particular to a water-wading building area type anti-ship collision protection device.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of inland shipping, the number and tonnage of ships have continued to increase. Once a ship deviates from the waterway and collides with a bridge, the impact energy is huge, and it is very easy to cause major events such as bridge damage and ship sinking. Various relevant data show that ship collision has become one of the main reasons for the collapse of bridges on the waterway. The problem of bridge collision prevention has become a key factor restricting safe traffic. More than 80,000 bridges across navigable rivers in my country are facing similar threats at any time.

The installation of anti-collision facilities for bridges across navigable rivers can prevent ships from directly hitting the bridge structure, reduce the impact energy of ships transmitted to the bridge structure, and effectively reduce the risk of pier damage. Due to the frequent occurrence of various ship collision accidents in recent years, the Ministry of Transport attaches great importance to the problem of ship collision bridges. For bridges with a high risk of ship collision, it is clearly required to install anti-collision facilities.

The existing anti-collision facilities are mainly divided into two structural types: independent and attached. Among them, the attached anti-collision facilities mainly include rubber fenders and anti-collision pontoons. The rubber fenders can only be used for bridges with a lower anti-collision level, and the anti-collision pontoons can be flexibly designed according to the anti-collision level. Since the attached anti-collision facility is in contact with the bridge pier, although the impact force of the ship can be dissipated, the attenuated impact force of the ship will still be transmitted to the bridge structure, so there are certain requirements for the resistance of the bridge itself. In addition, under the condition of large water level variation in mountain rivers, the cross-section of attached anti-collision facilities such as anti-collision pontoons is weak, and the shapes of modern bridge piers vary widely, from traditional circular sections, elliptical sections, to special-shaped sections, and then to special-shaped sections. The cross-section forms of bridge piers are becoming more and more complex, which challenges the adaptability of anti-collision facilities. Most of the existing anti-collision collisions can only adapt to non-variable cross-section bridge piers or bridge piers with small cross-section variability, such as patents CN108842692A, CN112431120A, CN112921790A, etc., but when the water level changes greatly, such anti-collision facilities will not be able to effectively prevent the beams with special-shaped sections.

The stand-alone anti-collision facility is not in contact with the bridge structure and is set independently of the bridge structure. Conventional independent anti-collision facilities refer to the arrangement of several rigid concrete pile foundations around the fortified area of the bridge structure. When a ship collision accident occurs, the piles (groups) will intercept the ships that hit the piers and absorb the ships through their own damage. impact energy. The ship collision force will not act on the bridge structure, and the bridge protection effect is good, but this method has large damage to the structure and the ship, small collision avoidance area, large civil engineering investment, long engineering period, and easy and fast collision avoidance facilities. Damaged and not easy to replace and repair, and not suitable for deep water environment. Among the existing independent anti-collision facilities, there is also a scheme of using a pontoon as an anti-collision facility, such as the patent CN105064284B, which proposes a tension-leg pontoon-type pier anti-collision protection device. The bottom of the tank is connected to the underwater anchoring mechanism through a plurality of tension legs. In this way, the impact of the ship directly acts on the pontoon instead of the bridge pier. However, in this patent, the pontoon is fixed in the underwater anchoring mechanism through the tension legs. Although the tension legs are more flexible than the pile foundation, it is still a protection method similar to the foundation pile. The life of the box is short, and the equipment adjustability and adaptability of the device are poor. In order to adapt to the water level fluctuation, it is necessary to adjust the length of the cable through the hoist set on the floating box. Usually, it is usually difficult to achieve power supply by a special hoist in the river section of the bridge area in the wild, which limits the application of this method.

In addition, CN102926355B once disclosed an independent regional anti-collision device adapted to large water level amplitude. This device is composed of an anti-collision belt, buoys at both ends of the anti-collision belt, and a pilot well. Since the buoy is constrained by the pilot well, the anti-collision The collision belt can adapt to the free rise and fall of the water level, but this solution needs to set up the guide well and the anti-collision belt foundation groove on the shore side. The investment in civil engineering is large, and in the long-term operation, the foundation groove at the lower part of the collision belt and the bottom of the guide well are easy to deposit, which will affect the Normal lifting of the crash belt.

Therefore, how to provide an anti-collision protection device for a wading building area that can better adapt to changes in water level, and has both rigidity and flexibility, good adaptability, good adjustment, and good anti-collision effect, will be a problem for those skilled in the art. Further consideration is given to the problem to be solved.

Utility model content

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: how to provide a water wading building area type anti-collision protection device that can be adaptively adjusted according to changes in the water level and has a flexible anti-collision effect, and further enables It has the characteristics of rigidity and flexibility, good adaptability, good adjustment and better anti-collision effect.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A wading building area type anti-collision protection device for ships, comprising floating boxes arranged at intervals on the outside of the wading building, characterized in that the floating box is provided with a pulley system, and the pulley system at least includes a first fixed pulley and a first cable; the first fixed pulley is fixedly installed on the floating box; one end of the first cable is relatively fixed to the riverbed below the floating box, and the other end bypasses the first fixed pulley and is connected with a first counterweight driving block; the first counterweight driving block Suspended between the pontoon and the riverbed.

In this way, when the pontoon is impacted, the pontoon moves and drives the first counterweight driving block and the attached water to move upward together to perform work, thereby realizing flexible energy dissipation and collision prevention, which can improve the protection effect of equipment and ships. At the same time, when the water level changes and the fluctuation of wind and wave impacts, the self-adaptive up and down adjustment of the first counterweight drive block can better ensure the stability of the device, so that it can automatically adjust to adapt to the depth changes of the water level.

Further, the pontoon is in a figure-eight shape and is semi-enclosed on the upstream and downstream sides of the wading building. Multiple sets of pulley systems are respectively provided on the upstream and downstream pontoons. The lower end and the downstream of the upstream pontoon The upper end of the side floating box is arranged at the external position of the water-facing side of the wading building and is connected by a fixed connecting rope.

In this way, two elongated pontoons are regionally arranged in a figure-eight shape to form a collision protection zone inside, which can realize regional protection of wading buildings from upstream and downstream directions, regardless of whether the ship is from upstream. When coming from the side or the downstream side, after contacting with the floating box, it can slide outwards better, which can achieve better protection effect. For example, when the wading building is a densely-packed pier group structure, this structure is particularly suitable. Figure-eight pontoons are arranged on the upstream and downstream sides of the pier group to achieve anti-collision protection for the pier building group. In addition, the figure-eight shape is only a typical structure. During the specific implementation, the floating box can also be arranged in an arc shape or a parabola shape that is connected as a whole. It only needs to be arranged in a semi-enclosed shape on the outside of the wading building, all of which can be implemented. range of layout structures.

Further, the lower end of the first cable is connected to an anchoring block, and the anchoring block rests on the riverbed under the pontoon; the pulley system further includes a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism is installed on the pontoon, and the first cable passes through The locking mechanism is used to lock and fix the first cable when the impact force of the floating box exceeds a predetermined value.

In this way, the gravity of the anchoring block is greater than that of the first counterweight driving block, the anchoring block is fixed on the riverbed by its own weight, the first counterweight driving block is suspended in the water after bypassing the first certain pulley by the first cable, and the floating box floats on the water surface. In this way, when the impact force of the floating box is small, the first cable slides on the first certain pulley, driving the first counterweight driving block to be pulled up to perform work, consuming the impact kinetic energy of the floating box, and realizing movable anti-collision. When the buoyant box is impacted strongly, the locking mechanism locks and fixes the first cable, the buoyant box and the anchoring block are controlled to be converted into a fixed connection, and the anchoring block pulls the buoyant box through the cable to withstand the impact and dissipate energy to achieve fixed anti-collision . Moreover, since the anchoring block is only placed on the river bed and is not completely fixed, when the impact force of the pontoon is too large, the pontoon can drag the anchoring block below, and the anchoring block and the attached water are displaced by the pontoon to do work, and The deformation of the box consumes the kinetic energy of the ship collision, and the movable collision avoidance is realized again. In this way, for different impact strengths, the anti-collision device can realize adaptive adjustment of at least three anti-collision energy dissipation methods, so that the device is more flexible and changeable, taking into account the characteristics of flexibility and rigidity, and can better adapt to different impact strengths. At the same time, the normal state of the floating box in this structure is not a completely fixed setting method, but relies on the anchor block and the counterweight driving block to achieve dynamic coordination and stable balance through the fixed pulley. Under natural conditions, when the water level changes, the counterweight driving block Under the action of water flow force, the water flow force is balanced by the horizontal component force of the cable, so that the floating box is in a micro-drift state. Therefore, when subjected to the influence of wind and waves and changes in water level, the counterweight drive block can automatically retract and unwind the cable by its own weight to achieve height adjustment and form a new stable balance to adapt to the impact of wind and wave fluctuations and water level changes. Therefore, this scheme has the characteristics of micro-displacement and self-driven lifting and anti-collision, so that the device can be better protected, the service life can be extended, and the stability of the use state can be increased, so that its function is not affected by the water level. In addition, the above-mentioned components such as pulleys, cables and locking mechanisms actually constitute a positioning restraint unit. A single pontoon can have one positioning restraint unit, or a plurality of positioning restraint units can be set on one pontoon, which can be flexibly arranged according to the situation of the pontoon . In the specific arrangement, the maximum fluctuation offset distance of the floating tank can be calculated according to the rope length, water depth and cable angle, so as to set the distance from the anchor block position to the wading building, and constrain the floating tank within the effective facility area. The specific calculation process is as follows: There are technologies, which are not detailed here.

Further, the locking mechanism includes a ratchet wheel fixed coaxially with the first fixed pulley, and also includes a pendulum disposed below the ratchet wheel, and the upper end of the pendulum is swingably suspended on the fulcrum fixed to the floating box through the pendulum handle. The upper end of the pendulum handle is connected obliquely with a card plate and the ratchet wheel. When the impact force of the floating box exceeds the inertia of the pendulum hammer, the swing of the pendulum can make the upper card plate rotate and fall into the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel to hang. .

In this way, when the floating box is in a static state, the ratchet does not interfere with the clamping plate at the upper end of the pendulum, and the rolling of the first fixed pulley is not affected. When the floating box is hit too much, the swing angle of the pendulum is large enough to make the card plate rotate into the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel and hang it, so as to realize the locking of the first certain pulley. In this way, the mechanical structure is used to achieve locking, which has the advantages of no electrical control, simple and ingenious structure, reliable locking, and convenient unlocking (after unlocking, only need to reversely rotate the fixed pulley to let the pendulum fall to unlock). Moreover, by setting the self-weight of the pendulum, it is very convenient to realize the adjustment of the strength of the impact response of the floating box. In addition, the cable is locked by locking the first certain pulley, so that the cable is not completely locked, but when the floating box is hit within a certain range of the set value, the first certain pulley is locked and cannot rotate, resulting in The cable is locked for fixation. However, when the impact force of the pontoon is very large and exceeds the predetermined range, the cable can also do sliding friction on the first certain pulley, and then pull the anchor block at the lower end of the cable to dissipate energy, and the first counterweight drive block also Can rely on the sliding friction of the cable to be pulled up and work together to dissipate energy. Therefore, the energy dissipation effect of the device in the limit state can be better improved, and the anti-collision effect can be improved.

Further, the pendulum includes a hanging basket and a plurality of counterweight blocks mounted on the hanging basket.

In this way, it is convenient to realize the above-mentioned adjustment of the strength of the response to the impact locking of the floating box through the increase or decrease of the counterweight driving block.

Further, the pendulum is installed in a pendulum installation cavity below the first certain pulley, and the upper end of the pendulum handle passes through an opening at the upper end of the pendulum installation cavity and the connection card plate is fixed.

In this way, not only can the pendulum be better protected, but also the swing angle of the pendulum can be limited by means of the opening, so that after the clamping plate of the pendulum and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet are hooked, the clamping plate can be prevented from being stressed and the pendulum can continue to operate. Rotation leads to unlocking, so the locking of the locked state can be realized. The unlocking can only be achieved after the reverse rotation of the first certain pulley.

Further, a rope groove in a helical winding state is provided on the first fixed pulley, and the first cable is wound in the rope groove at least one turn.

In this way, the friction force can be improved by the action of the wrapping and the rope groove, and the locking effect of the first certain pulley on the first cable can be better improved.

Further, the first fixed pulley includes a horizontally arranged cylindrical inner core, and also includes a plurality of arc-shaped plates arranged around the inner core. The buffer has a retractable outward support handle, and the arc-shaped plate is fixed at the outer end of the support handle and is spaced from the inner core at a certain distance.

This is because, when the pontoon is hit and the first certain pulley is locked, the first cable and the first certain pulley will bear a very large impact force, which may easily lead to damage. Therefore, the above structure can make that when the first fixed pulley is locked and the first cable is suddenly tightened, the first cable can be compressed inward by pressing the arc plate to realize buffering, which greatly relieves the sudden tension of the first cable. The destructive effect of the tension force and the sudden pressing pressure of the first certain pulley ensures the reliability, stability and service life of the device.

Further, the buffer is a hydraulic damper. Hydraulic dampers can only act and buffer under greater force, which can better adapt to the above characteristics and needs.

Further, a vertical strip hole is provided on the floating box at the position where one end of the first cable is connected to the first counterweight driving block to pass through, and the first cable is connected to the anchor block on the floating box. A vertical tapered hole is opened at the exit position for the first cable to pass through.

This is because when the anti-collision device is arranged, due to the influence of water, wave, wind, etc., as well as the need for the realization of the device function, the anchoring block is usually located in a direction farther away from the water-wading building than the floating box, so the above structure is more suitable and compatible with the layout position of each component. Matching, better help each component to achieve positional layout and can better protect the cable.

Further, an anti-wrap tube is also provided below the conical hole, and the first cable passes downward through the anti-wrap tube and is then connected to the anchor block downward.

In this way, because the first cable and the anchoring block are connected to one side closer to the front of the channel, after the anti-winding protection tube is installed, the floating objects can be effectively prevented from being entangled, and the normal function of the cable can be ensured.

Further, the pulley system also includes a moving pulley, a second counterweight driving block and two second fixed pulleys, the moving pulleys are mounted on a sliding block, and the sliding block can be in the middle of the pontoon in the front-rear direction (away from the wading building). The direction is forward, the opposite direction is backward) horizontal sliding setting, the first fixed pulley and one second fixed pulley are located at one end of the sliding direction of the slider, and the other second fixed pulley is located at the other end of the sliding direction of the slider. The first cable is connected from the first fixed pulley and then goes around the movable pulley, and is rewound in a U shape to the second fixed pulley close to the first fixed pulley, and then the first counterweight driving block is suspended downward, and the movable pulley is fixedly connected There is a second cable, the second cable bypasses the second fixed pulley away from the first fixed pulley and then hangs downward to connect to the second counterweight driving block.

In this way, through the two counterweight driving blocks arranged along the front and rear directions of the floating box, the stability of the floating box can be better adjusted. The counterweight drive block can rely on its own weight and inertia to stabilize the floating box. In this way, the pontoon will not be easily affected by waves and wind and will not drift away due to fluctuation and displacement, and the overall stability of the device is better, which can better improve the protection effect of wading buildings.

Further, the mass of the first counterweight driving block is greater than that of the second counterweight driving block, and the length of the second cable in the vertical suspension section above the second counterweight driving block is smaller than that in the vertical suspension section above the first counterweight driving block The length of the first cable of the suspension section and less than the historical shallowest water level (at the location where the device is installed).

This is because for many rivers, there is a problem that the water level changes greatly in the dry season and the high water period, and the increase and change of the water level is greater than the water level depth in the dry season. In this case, if a single counterweight driving block is used, there will be a defect that the cable length is too long in the dry season, which will cause the counterweight driving block to sink to the bottom, and in the high water period, the cable length will be insufficient due to the high water level. Therefore, after the above scheme is adopted, the first cable can be set to a sufficient length to meet the use requirements of the rising water period. During the period of high water level, the first counterweight driving block and the second counterweight driving block are both in a suspended state. Because the mass of the first counterweight drive block is larger, it will play a dominant role in the adjustment. At the same time, during the dry season, the first counterweight driving block will bottom out and lose its function. At this time, the second counterweight driving block is still in a suspended state and occupies a dominant position. Therefore, at this time, the second counterweight driving block can still maintain the floating box. Balanced for continued device functionality. In this way, the equipment can better realize self-adaptive adjustment to meet the needs of different water levels. In the specific implementation, the maximum fluctuation drift distance of the floating box can be calculated and determined according to the two situations of the first counterweight driving block being suspended and bottomed, so as to determine the position of the anchoring point of the anchoring block, so as to better ensure the protection effect of the device. The specific calculation process It is the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

Further, the slider is installed in a horizontally arranged chute. In this way, its sliding can be more convenient.

Further, an installation bin is arranged in the middle position of the upper part of the floating box, the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley are all installed in the installation bin, and the upper end of the installation bin is provided with an inspection hole. This facilitates protection of equipment and maintenance.

Further, a compartment is provided on at least the front and rear sides of the upper part of the floating box, and the lower end of the outer side of the compartment is provided with a filling and drainage hole.

In this way, when the floating box is impacted, the forward movement of the floating box will be pulled down and sink part under the water surface under the action of the pulling force of the cable. At this time, the compartment can enter the water through the filling and draining holes, reducing the buoyancy of the floating box and relieving the pulling force of the cable. to better protect the device. When the tension of the cable is insufficient, the buoyancy box floats up, the filling and draining holes are above the water surface line, the water in the compartment is discharged, the buoyancy increases, and the equilibrium state is reached again.

Further, elastic buffer materials are arranged around the floating box. In this way, after the pontoon is impacted and moved to be attached to the wading building, the independent anti-collision is transformed into an attached anti-collision to realize energy dissipation and anti-collision.

In addition, in specific implementation, the pontoon can be used as a basic unit of anti-collision facilities, and through the arrangement of multiple basic units, a ship anti-collision interception belt is formed; Hit the position of the float box so that it is within the collision avoidance area. Specifically, according to the wading building form and anti-collision requirements, it can be flexibly arranged in various ways such as linear, circular, and arc-shaped to achieve protection. Therefore, the present application also has the following features: 1. An independent anti-collision device that does not rely on the self-resistance of the bridge structure. 2. Flexible energy dissipation, using the floating state change of the anti-collision pontoon, structural deformation, anchor displacement and attached water to do work and energy dissipation. 3. Low cost, basically no need for civil engineering investment. 4. Strong scene adaptability. 5. Small impact on navigation and flooding. 6. It can be set to various line types according to the needs, and the shape is beautiful. 7. The maintenance is convenient, the anti-collision floating box can be floated to the shore, and the maintenance can be carried out after the water level drops.

Therefore, the utility model can be adaptively adjusted and has a flexible anti-collision effect, and at the same time, the utility model can have both rigidity and flexibility characteristics, good adaptability, good adjustability, low cost and better anti-collision effect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the water wading building area type anti-collision protection device for ships in Embodiment 1, and the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of water flow.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single first fixed pulley in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first fixed pulley in FIG. 2 in a locked state, and the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of impact.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the water wading building area type anti-ship collision protection device in Embodiment 2, and the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of water flow.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first counterweight driving block in the state of sinking to the bottom in FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the wading construction area type anti-ship collision protection device according to Embodiment 3. FIG.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments.

Specific embodiment 1: a wading building area type anti-ship collision protection device, referring to Figures 1-4, comprising a pontoon 1 arranged at intervals on the outside of the wading building, the pontoon 1 is provided with a pulley system, and the pulley system at least includes A first fixed pulley 2 and a first cable 3; the first fixed pulley 2 is fixedly installed on the floating box 1; one end of the first cable 3 at the other end is relatively fixed to the riverbed below the floating box 1, and the other end bypasses the first fixed pulley 2 is connected with a first counterweight driving block 5; the first counterweight driving block 5 is suspended between the floating box 1 and the river bed.

In this way, when the pontoon is impacted, the pontoon moves and drives the first counterweight driving block and the attached water to move upward together to perform work, thereby realizing flexible energy dissipation and collision prevention, which can improve the protection effect of equipment and ships. At the same time, when the water level changes and the fluctuation of wind and wave impacts, the self-adaptive up and down adjustment of the first counterweight drive block can better ensure the stability of the device, so that it can automatically adjust to adapt to the depth changes of the water level.

Wherein, the lower end of the first cable 3 is fixedly connected to an anchoring block 4; the anchoring block 4 rests on the riverbed below the floating box; the pulley system further includes a locking mechanism; the locking mechanism is installed on the floating box 1, The first cable 3 passes through the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used to lock and fix the first cable 3 when the impact force of the floating box exceeds a predetermined value.

In this way, the gravity of the anchoring block is greater than that of the first counterweight driving block, the anchoring block is fixed on the riverbed by its own weight, the first counterweight driving block is suspended in the water after bypassing the first certain pulley by the first cable, and the floating box floats on the water surface. In this way, when the impact force of the floating box is small, the first cable slides on the first certain pulley, driving the first counterweight driving block to be pulled up to perform work, consuming the impact kinetic energy of the floating box, and realizing movable anti-collision. When the buoyant box is impacted strongly, the locking mechanism locks and fixes the first cable, the buoyant box and the anchoring block are controlled to be converted into a fixed connection, and the anchoring block pulls the buoyant box through the cable to withstand the impact and dissipate energy to achieve fixed anti-collision . Moreover, since the anchoring block is only placed on the river bed and is not completely fixed, when the impact force of the pontoon is too large, the pontoon can drag the anchoring block below, and the anchoring block and the attached water are displaced by the pontoon to do work, and The deformation of the box consumes the kinetic energy of the ship collision, and the movable collision avoidance is realized again. In this way, for different impact strengths, the anti-collision device can realize adaptive adjustment of at least three anti-collision energy dissipation methods, so that the device is more flexible and changeable, taking into account the characteristics of flexibility and rigidity, and can better adapt to different impact strengths. At the same time, the normal state of the floating box in this structure is not a completely fixed setting method, but relies on the anchor block and the counterweight driving block to achieve dynamic coordination and stable balance through the fixed pulley. Under natural conditions, when the water level changes, the counterweight driving block Under the action of water flow force, the water flow force is balanced by the horizontal component force of the cable, so that the floating box is in a micro-drift state. Therefore, when subjected to the influence of wind and waves and changes in water level, the counterweight drive block can automatically retract and unwind the cable by its own weight to achieve height adjustment and form a new stable balance to adapt to the impact of wind and wave fluctuations and water level changes. Therefore, this scheme has the characteristics of micro-displacement and self-driven lifting and anti-collision, so that the device can be better protected, the service life can be extended, and the stability of the use state can be increased, so that its function is not affected by the water level. In addition, the above-mentioned components such as pulleys, cables and locking mechanisms actually constitute a positioning restraint unit. A single pontoon can have one positioning restraint unit, or a plurality of positioning restraint units can be set on one pontoon, which can be flexibly arranged according to the situation of the pontoon . In the specific arrangement, the maximum fluctuation offset distance of the floating tank can be calculated according to the rope length, water depth and cable angle, so as to set the distance from the anchor block position to the wading building, and constrain the floating tank within the effective facility area. The specific calculation process is as follows: There are technologies, which are not detailed here.

The locking mechanism includes a ratchet wheel 6 fixed coaxially with the first fixed pulley, and also includes a pendulum 7 arranged below the ratchet wheel. The upper end of the pendulum handle is fixed obliquely with a card plate 8 and the ratchet wheel 6 abuts against it. When the impact force of the floating box exceeds the inertia of the pendulum weight, the swing of the pendulum weight 7 can make the upper end card plate rotate and fall into the ratchet wheel. Hanging in the teeth.

In this way, when the floating box is in a static state, the ratchet does not interfere with the clamping plate at the upper end of the pendulum, and the rolling of the first fixed pulley is not affected. When the floating box is hit too much, the swing angle of the pendulum is large enough to make the card plate rotate into the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel and hang it, so as to realize the locking of the first certain pulley. In this way, the mechanical structure is used to achieve locking, which has the advantages of no electrical control, simple and ingenious structure, reliable locking, and convenient unlocking (after unlocking, only need to reversely rotate the fixed pulley to let the pendulum fall to unlock). Moreover, by setting the self-weight of the pendulum, it is very convenient to realize the adjustment of the strength of the impact response of the floating box. In addition, the cable is locked by locking the first certain pulley, so that the cable is not completely locked, but when the floating box is hit within a certain range of the set value, the first certain pulley is locked and cannot rotate, resulting in The cable is locked for fixation. However, when the impact force of the pontoon is very large and exceeds the predetermined range, the cable can also do sliding friction on the first certain pulley, and then pull the anchor block at the lower end of the cable to dissipate energy, and the first counterweight drive block also Can rely on the sliding friction of the cable to be pulled up and work together to dissipate energy. Therefore, the energy dissipation effect of the device in the limit state can be better improved, and the anti-collision effect can be improved.

Wherein, the pendulum 7 includes a hanging basket and a plurality of counterweight blocks (not shown in the figure) mounted on the hanging basket.

In this way, it is convenient to realize the above-mentioned adjustment of the strength of the response to the impact locking of the floating box through the increase or decrease of the counterweight driving block.

Wherein, the pendulum 7 is installed in a pendulum installation cavity 9 below the first fixed pulley, and the upper end of the pendulum handle penetrates an opening at the upper end of the pendulum installation cavity 9 to fix the connection card plate.

In this way, not only can the pendulum be better protected, but also the swing angle of the pendulum can be limited by means of the opening, so that after the clamping plate of the pendulum and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet are hooked, the clamping plate can be prevented from being stressed and the pendulum can continue to operate. Rotation leads to unlocking, so the locking of the locked state can be realized. The unlocking can only be achieved after the reverse rotation of the first certain pulley.

Wherein, the first fixed pulley 2 is provided with a rope groove 10 in a helical winding state, and the first cable 3 is wound in the rope groove 10 at least once.

In this way, the friction force can be improved by the action of the wrapping and the rope groove, and the locking effect of the first certain pulley on the first cable can be better improved.

The first fixed pulley 2 includes a cylindrical inner core 11 arranged horizontally, and also includes a plurality of arc-shaped plates 12 arranged around the inner core. The plate is provided with a buffer 13, the buffer 13 has a retractable outward support handle, and the arc-shaped plate 12 is fixed at the outer end of the support handle and is spaced from the inner core at a certain distance.

This is because, when the pontoon is hit and the first certain pulley is locked, the first cable and the first certain pulley will bear a very large impact force, which may easily lead to damage. Therefore, the above structure can make that when the first fixed pulley is locked and the first cable is suddenly tightened, the first cable can be compressed inward by pressing the arc plate to realize buffering, which greatly relieves the sudden tension of the first cable. The destructive effect of the tension force and the sudden pressing pressure of the first certain pulley ensures the reliability, stability and service life of the device.

Among them, the buffer 13 is a hydraulic damper. Hydraulic dampers can only act and buffer under greater force, which can better adapt to the above characteristics and needs. In specific implementation, it can be obtained by directly purchasing existing products, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

Among them, a vertical strip hole is provided on the floating box 1 at the position where one end of the first cable 3 is connected to the first counterweight driving block 5 for the first cable 3 to pass through, and the floating box 1 is provided for the first cable 3 A vertical tapered hole is provided at the position where one end of the connecting anchor block 4 passes through for the first cable 3 to pass through.

This is because when the anti-collision device is arranged, due to the influence of water, wave, wind, etc., as well as the need for the realization of the device function, the anchoring block is usually located in a direction farther away from the water-wading building than the floating box, so the above structure is more suitable and compatible with the layout position of each component. Matching, better help each component to achieve positional layout and can better protect the cable.

Wherein, an anti-wrap tube 14 is also provided below the tapered hole, and the first cable passes downward through the anti-wrap tube 14 and is then connected downward to the anchoring block.

In this way, because the first cable and the anchoring block are connected to one side closer to the front of the channel, after the anti-winding protection tube is installed, the floating objects can be effectively prevented from being entangled, and the normal function of the cable can be ensured.

Embodiment 2, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is only that the pulley system on the water wading construction area anti-collision protection device has been further improved, and the rest is the same as that of embodiment 1. 5-6, in this embodiment, the pulley system further includes a movable pulley 15, a second counterweight driving block 16 and two second fixed pulleys 17, the movable pulley 15 is installed on a slider 18, sliding The block 18 can be slid horizontally in the front and rear direction in the middle of the floating box (the direction away from the wading building is forward, and the opposite direction is backward). , the other second fixed pulley is located at the other end of the sliding direction of the slider 18, the first cable 3 is connected from the first fixed pulley 2 and then bypasses the movable pulley 15, and is U-shaped and revolves to the first fixed pulley close to the first fixed pulley. The first counterweight driving block 5 is suspended downward from the two fixed pulleys. A second cable 19 is fixedly connected to the movable pulley 15. The second cable 19 bypasses the second fixed pulley away from the first fixed pulley and then downwards. The second counterweight driving block 16 is suspended and connected. The numbers in the figure are the floating box 1 , the first fixed pulley 2 , the first cable 3 , the anchoring block 4 , and the first counterweight driving block 5 .

In this way, through the two counterweight driving blocks arranged along the front and rear directions of the floating box, the stability of the floating box can be better adjusted. The counterweight drive block can rely on its own weight and inertia to stabilize the floating box. In this way, the pontoon will not be easily affected by waves and wind and will not drift away due to fluctuation and displacement, and the overall stability of the device is better, which can better improve the protection effect of wading buildings.

The mass of the first counterweight driving block 5 is greater than that of the second counterweight driving block 16 , and the length of the second cable 19 in the vertical suspension section above the second counterweight driving block 16 is smaller than that of the first counterweight driving block 5 The length of the first cable 3 above the vertical suspension section is less than the historical shallowest water level (at the location where the device is installed).

This is because for many rivers, there is a problem that the water level changes greatly in the dry season and the high water period, and the increase and change of the water level is greater than the water level depth in the dry season. In this case, if a single counterweight driving block is used, there will be a defect that the cable length is too long in the dry season, which will cause the counterweight driving block to sink to the bottom, and in the high water period, the cable length will be insufficient due to the high water level. Therefore, after the above scheme is adopted, the first cable can be set to a sufficient length to meet the use requirements of the rising water period. During the period of high water level (see Figure 5), the first counterweight driving block and the second counterweight driving block They are all in the suspended state, because the mass of the first counterweight driving block is larger and will play a dominant role in the adjustment. At the same time, during the dry season (see Figure 6), the first counterweight driving block will bottom out and lose its function. At this time, the second counterweight driving block is still in a suspended state and occupies a dominant position. The balance of the pontoon can be maintained for continuous device function. In this way, the equipment can better realize self-adaptive adjustment to meet the needs of different water levels. In the specific implementation, the maximum fluctuation drift distance of the floating box can be calculated and determined according to the two situations of the first counterweight driving block being suspended and bottomed, so as to determine the position of the anchoring point of the anchoring block, so as to better ensure the protection effect of the device. The specific calculation process It is the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

The slider 18 is installed in a horizontally arranged chute 20 . In this way, its sliding can be more convenient.

Wherein, an installation bin 21 is arranged in the middle position of the upper part of the floating box 1 , the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley are all installed in the installation bin, and the upper end of the installation bin is provided with an inspection hole 24 . This facilitates protection of equipment and maintenance.

The upper part of the floating box 1 is provided with a compartment 22 at least on the front and rear sides, and the lower end of the outer side of the compartment is provided with a filling and drainage hole 23 .

In this way, when the floating box is impacted, the forward movement of the floating box will be pulled down and sink part under the water surface under the action of the pulling force of the cable. At this time, the compartment can enter the water through the filling and draining holes, reducing the buoyancy of the floating box and relieving the pulling force of the cable. to better protect the device. When the tension of the cable is insufficient, the buoyancy box floats up, the filling and draining holes are above the water surface line, the water in the compartment is discharged, the buoyancy increases, and the equilibrium state is reached again.

Among them, elastic buffer materials (not shown in the figure) are arranged around the floating box 1 . In this way, after the pontoon is impacted and moved to be attached to the wading building, the independent anti-collision is transformed into an attached anti-collision to realize energy dissipation and anti-collision.

In addition, in specific implementation, the pontoon can be used as a basic unit of anti-collision facilities, and through the arrangement of multiple basic units, a ship anti-collision interception belt is formed; Hit the position of the float box so that it is within the collision avoidance area. Specifically, according to the wading building form and anti-collision requirements, it can be flexibly arranged in various ways such as linear, circular, and arc-shaped to achieve protection. For example, Example 3 below.

Embodiment 3, referring to FIG. 7 , the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of water flow. In this embodiment, the wading building is a wading pier building group, and the floating box 1 is in a figure-eight shape and is arranged in a semi-enclosed manner upstream of the wading building 31 . The side and downstream sides, the upstream side and the downstream side pontoon are respectively provided with multiple sets of pulley systems, the lower end of the upstream side pontoon and the upper end of the downstream side pontoon are arranged at the external position of the water-facing side of the wading building, and fixed connecting ropes are used. 32 connected. In the figure, reference numeral 3 denotes a first cable, and reference numeral 4 denotes an anchoring block. Reference numeral 33 denotes an upstream vessel, and reference numeral 34 denotes a downstream vessel.

In this way, two elongated pontoons are regionally arranged in a figure-eight shape to form a collision protection zone inside, which can realize regional protection of wading buildings from upstream and downstream directions, regardless of whether the ship is from upstream. When coming from the side or the downstream side, after contacting with the floating box, it can slide outwards better, which can achieve better protection effect. For example, when the wading building is a densely-packed pier group structure, this structure is particularly suitable. Figure-eight pontoons are arranged on the upstream and downstream sides of the pier group to achieve anti-collision protection for the pier building group. In addition, the figure-eight shape is only a typical structure. During the specific implementation, the floating box can also be arranged in an arc shape or a parabola shape that is connected as a whole. It only needs to be arranged in a semi-enclosed shape on the outside of the wading building, all of which can be implemented. range of layout structures.

Therefore, the present application also has the following features: 1. An independent anti-collision device that does not rely on the self-resistance of the bridge structure. 2. Flexible energy dissipation, using the floating state change of the anti-collision pontoon, structural deformation, anchor displacement and attached water to do work and energy dissipation. 3. The construction cost is low, and there is basically no need for civil engineering investment. 4. Strong scene adaptability. 5. Small impact on navigation and flooding. 6. It can be set to various line types according to the needs, and the shape is beautiful. 7. The maintenance is convenient, the anti-collision floating box can be floated to the shore, and the maintenance can be carried out after the water level drops.

Claims (10)

1. A wading building regional ship collision prevention protection device comprises buoyancy tanks arranged outside wading buildings at intervals, and is characterized in that the buoyancy tanks are provided with pulley systems, and each pulley system at least comprises a first fixed pulley and a first cable; the first fixed pulley is fixedly arranged on the buoyancy tank; one end of the first cable is relatively fixed on a riverbed below the buoyancy tank, and the other end of the first cable is connected with a first counterweight driving block after passing through the first fixed pulley; the first counterweight driving block is suspended between the buoyancy tank and the river bed.

2. The regional ship collision prevention protection device for the wading building according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy tanks are splayed and arranged in a semi-surrounding manner on the upstream side and the downstream side of the wading building, a plurality of groups of pulley systems are respectively arranged on the buoyancy tanks on the upstream side and the downstream side, and the lower ends of the buoyancy tanks on the upstream side and the upper ends of the buoyancy tanks on the downstream side are arranged at the outer positions of the wading building on the near side and are connected by adopting fixed connecting ropes;

the lower end of the first cable is connected to an anchoring block, and the anchoring block is placed on a riverbed below the buoyancy tank; the pulley system also comprises a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged on the buoyancy tank, the first cable passes through the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used for locking and fixing the first cable when the collision force of the buoyancy tank exceeds a preset value.

3. The regional ship collision protection device for wading building of claim 2, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel coaxially and fixedly arranged with the first fixed pulley, and further comprising a pendulum bob arranged below the ratchet wheel, wherein the upper end of the pendulum bob is swingably suspended on a pivot fixed on the buoyancy tank through a pendulum bob handle, the upper end of the pendulum bob handle is obliquely and fixedly connected with a clamping plate and abuts against the ratchet wheel, and when the buoyancy tank is subjected to a collision force exceeding the inertia of the pendulum bob, the pendulum bob swings to enable the clamping plate at the upper end to rotate and fall into the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel to be hung.

4. A paddling building area type ship collision protection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pendulum comprises a cradle and a plurality of counterweights mounted on the cradle.

5. The fender of claim 3, wherein the pendulum is mounted in a pendulum mounting cavity below the first fixed pulley, and the upper end of the pendulum handle extends through an opening in the upper end of the pendulum mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the catch plate.

6. The paddling building area type ship collision protection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a rope groove in a spiral winding state is arranged on the first fixed pulley, and the first cable is wound in the rope groove for at least one circle.

7. The paddling building area type ship collision prevention protection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first fixed pulley comprises a horizontally arranged cylindrical inner core and a plurality of arc-shaped plates which are arranged around the outer side of the inner core, the surface of the inner core is provided with a buffer opposite to each arc-shaped plate along the diameter direction of the cross-section circle, the buffer is provided with a telescopic outward supporting handle, and the arc-shaped plates are fixed at the outer end of the supporting handle and are spaced from the inner core by a certain distance;

the buffer is a hydraulic damper.

8. The wading building area type ship collision prevention protection device of claim 3, wherein a vertical strip-shaped hole is formed in the position, through which one end of the first cable connected with the first counterweight driving block penetrates, of the buoyancy tank for the first cable to penetrate, and a vertical conical hole is formed in the position, through which one end of the first cable connected with the anchoring block penetrates, of the buoyancy tank for the first cable to penetrate;

and an anti-winding protective cylinder is arranged below the conical hole, and the first cable downwards passes through the anti-winding protective cylinder and then is downwards connected to the anchoring block.

9. The paddling building area type ship collision prevention device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulley system further comprises a movable pulley, a second counterweight driving block and two second fixed pulleys, the movable pulley is mounted on a sliding block, the sliding block can be horizontally arranged in the middle of the buoyancy tank in the front-back direction in a sliding mode, the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are positioned at one end of the sliding direction of the sliding block, the other second fixed pulley is positioned at the other end of the sliding direction of the sliding block, the first cable is connected with the first fixed pulley, then passes through the movable pulley, and then winds around the second fixed pulley close to the first fixed pulley in a U shape, and then suspends the first counterweight driving block downwards, a second cable is fixedly connected with the movable pulley, and after passing through the second fixed pulley far away from the first fixed pulley, the second cable suspends the second counterweight driving block downwards;

the mass of the first counterweight driving block is larger than that of the second counterweight driving block, and the length of a second cable above the second counterweight driving block and positioned in the vertical suspension section is smaller than that of a first cable above the first counterweight driving block and positioned in the vertical suspension section and smaller than the height of the historical lowest water level.

10. The regional ship collision prevention protection device for the wading building of claim 9, wherein an installation bin is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the buoyancy tank, the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley are all installed in the installation bin, and an access hole is formed at the upper end of the installation bin;

at least the front side and the rear side of the upper part of the buoyancy tank are respectively provided with a compartment, and the lower end of the outer side of the compartment is provided with a water filling and discharging hole;

elastic buffer materials are arranged around the buoyancy tank.

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