CN216640875U - Envelope of double glazing window and phase change material wall combination - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a building enclosure structure combining a double-layer glass window and a phase-change material wall, which is based on the combination of the double-layer glass window and the phase-change material wall, wherein the phase-change material wall is positioned right below the double-layer glass window; the enclosure structure also comprises a roof, a floor and a door; wherein the double-glazed window is comprised of two glass panels and four vents located at the top and bottom of the two glass panels; the phase change material wall structure comprises a gypsum layer, a thermal insulation layer, a Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and a brick layer. The intelligent energy-saving building has the characteristics of intelligence and energy conservation, reduces the fluctuation of indoor temperature in the building, improves the comfort level of the building, has higher energy efficiency, and solves the problems of large energy consumption and serious pollution of the traditional winter heating and summer cooling.

Description

An envelope structure with a combination of double-glazed windows and phase-change material walls

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of building energy-saving, in particular to a new type of double-glazed glass window and phase-change material wall combined enclosure structure which utilizes external heat sources to save energy in building enclosure walls.

Background technique

Double-glazed windows consisting of inner and outer glazing separated by air passages. The upper part of the channel is provided with an air outlet, and the lower part is provided with an air inlet. The gas enters from the lower opening and flows out from the upper opening, forming a bottom-to-up flow, which can take away the heat in the channel. Double-glazed windows have proven to be an effective energy-efficient building feature. It reduces building energy consumption by reducing heat loss and by supplementing energy from non-renewable sources with passive solar energy for heating and lighting.

Thermal energy storage technology is an energy-saving technology that uses phase-change materials to change their physical states and store or recover their latent heat within a small temperature range. A phase change material is a chemical material that utilizes the latent heat of phase change to store and release energy. In the process of phase change, phase change materials have small volume changes and high enthalpy, and absorb/release heat from the surrounding environment in the form of latent heat. Phase change materials absorb and store a large amount of heat from the surrounding environment when they are converted from solid to liquid, and then release a large amount of stored heat back into the environment during the conversion from liquid to solid. Although virtually all materials have this property, when used in construction, only materials with relatively high heat capacities and melting/melting points in a narrow range close to room temperature, such as phase change materials, can be used. Phase change materials can be mixed with existing building materials to make building components such as wall panels, floors and ceilings, which can improve their heat storage properties. Phase-change building materials have the advantages of common building materials and phase-change materials, and can absorb and release an appropriate amount of thermal energy, thereby reducing the load and temperature fluctuations of buildings and improving the comfort of indoor environments.

Passive solar buildings are technologies that use solar energy to save non-renewable resources, and are the most environmentally friendly, resource-saving, economically sustainable, easily accessible, and universally implemented building technologies. Harnessing passive solar energy in buildings does not require any mechanical equipment as it relies solely on convection and conduction of solar radiation and natural heat transfer. In many parts of the world, there are many sunny days, long hours of sunshine, a low angle of incidence of the sun, and ample solar radiation during the heating season. Passive solar buildings use south-facing windows and walls to collect and absorb solar energy to increase indoor temperatures. The key to the success of passive solar buildings is having building features and materials that maximize heat. Add heat during heating season and reduce heat during cooling season. In addition, the building exterior wall, as the most important component of the building envelope, plays an important role in heating and energy saving, improving the indoor environment and enhancing the comfort of the living space. In the application of passive buildings, the structure of the outer wall plays a decisive role in meeting the performance requirements of green low energy consumption and higher heating and thermal insulation.

Energy consumption in the traditional building industry includes the energy used in the construction process, as well as the energy used in subsequent heating, ventilation and air conditioning. The latter segment is accounting for a rising share of total global energy consumption due to accelerated urbanization and a surge in modern building construction. Therefore, even modest reductions in non-renewable energy consumption in buildings will have economic and environmental benefits, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change. Traditional double-glazed windows, which are climatically suitable, may overheat during the hotter summer months.

Therefore, innovation and reasonable transformation of the structure of the outer wall can save heating energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce environmental pollution caused by buildings.

Utility model content

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present utility model provides a novel double-glazed window and phase-change material wall combined enclosure structure that utilizes external heat sources to save energy in the building enclosure. The enclosure structure is based on the double-glazed window and phase change A combination of material walls, the phase-change material wall is located directly below the double-glazed window; the envelope also includes a roof, floor and doors; wherein the double-glazed window consists of two glass panels and two glass panels It is composed of four vents at the top and bottom; the phase change material wall structure includes a gypsum layer, a thermal insulation layer, a phase change material (PCM) layer and a brick layer; it has the characteristics of intelligence and energy saving, and reduces the indoor space in the building. The temperature fluctuation improves the comfort of the building, has high energy efficiency, and solves the problem of large energy consumption and serious pollution for traditional heating in winter and cooling in summer.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present utility model is as follows: the building envelope is a new type of double-glazed window and phase-change material wall combined enclosure structure that utilizes external heat sources to save energy, including double-glazed windows and Phase change material wall. The top and bottom of the inner and outer glass panels of the double-glazed windows are provided with vents, each measuring 3.2m x 0.3m. The phase change material wall includes a brick layer. The brick layer is located at the outermost side of the entire wall and covers the entire wall surface. The inner side of the brick layer has a thermal insulation layer and a phase change material (PCM) layer. The thermal insulation layer also covers the entire wall, and the phase change material The (PCM) layer is located in the middle of the two insulating layers, with an area of 3.2 m x 0.025 m, and the gypsum layer is located on the innermost side of the entire wall and also covers the entire wall. During the daytime the four vents of the double-glazed windows are closed, and during the winter nights, the two vents on the inner glass panels of the double-glazed windows are open and the two vents on the outer glass panels are closed. During summer nights, the two vents on the outer glass panels of the double-glazed windows are open and the two vents on the inner glass panels are closed.

The thickness of the double-layer glass is 6-12 mm, and the thickness of the air passage formed by the glass panels on the inner and outer sides of the window is 213-355 mm.

The thickness of the gypsum layer is 8-30mm, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is 40-80mm, the thickness of the phase change material (PCM) layer is 25-45mm, and the thickness of the brick layer is 100-120mm.

The four vents on the double-glazed window are provided with valves, which are adjustable and can be opened or closed as required.

The top and bottom vents of the outer glass of the double-glazed window are open during the warmer nights and the top and bottom vents of the inner glass of the double-glazed windows are open during the colder nights and during the day, regardless of the climate All vents are closed.

The working principle of the technical solution is that the enclosure structure of the novel double-glazed window and the phase-change material wall can change the state of the four air vents on the double-glazed window during use. During the day, solar radiation enters from the outer glass panel of the double-glazed window and shines on the top of the phase change material (PCM) directly below the air channel of the window. The phase change material (PCM) absorbs solar radiation energy, plus the increase in outside temperature, The phase change material melts from top to bottom, storing energy. At night in winter, as the outside temperature decreases, the phase change material (PCM) gradually solidifies from the outside to the inside, releasing a large amount of latent heat stored during the day. At this time, open the two vents on the inner glass plate of the double-glazed window, so that the air in the air channel of the double-glazed window and the air in the room are circulated, and the heat released by the phase change material is transferred from the air channel to the air in the room. indoor. In order to heat the building at night, reduce the use of heating facilities such as air conditioning, heating, and floor heating, and save energy. Contrary to winter nights, on summer nights, two vents on the outer window panels of the double-glazed windows need to be opened. The air in the air channel between the double-glazed windows and the outdoor air are circulated, on the one hand, the heat released by the phase change material in the air channel can be released to the outside, and on the other hand, the air in the air channel can be passed through the cooler outdoor air. Cooling can reduce indoor temperature, reduce the use of air conditioners and other facilities, and save energy.

Compared with the traditional double-glazed windows, this scheme can prevent the double-glazed windows from overheating through the heat absorption characteristics of the phase change material during the day. Compared with the traditional phase change material wall, this scheme can discharge the heat released by the phase change material at night into the room or outdoors according to people's needs through the four vents on the double-glazed windows. Assuming that the new envelope is part of a building in Tianjin, China, the thermal performance of the structure is studied throughout the year. The relative performance of this structure is compared with that of a wall with only phase change material (PCM). All analyses were performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the CFD models were validated using available experimental data.

When the new envelope structure works, during the day, the solar radiation directly irradiates the upper end of the PCM layer through the outer glass panel, and the PCM melts and absorbs heat; at night, when the outside temperature drops to the phase transition temperature, the PCM begins to solidify and release heat. On a hot night, open the upper and lower vents of the outer glass panel of the double-glazed window, and the heat released by the solidification of the PCM will be discharged to the outside through the opened vents. In colder nights, open the upper and lower vents of the inner glass panel of the double-glazed window, and the heat released by the solidification of PCM can enter the room through the opened vents, so that the room can be insulated in colder months. .

Compared with the prior art, this technical solution has achieved the following technical effects:

1. This new envelope structure can effectively reduce the external energy consumption of the building throughout the year. It can raise the indoor temperature to 6°C in spring and autumn, raise it to 8°C in winter, and lower it to 4°C in summer.

2. Compare the performance of this structure with that of a similar envelope without double-glazed windows. A similar envelope without double glazing has a 4°C lower indoor temperature improvement than this new envelope. Compared to solid walls without phase-change materials (PCM) and double-glazed windows, the new envelope can save 23% and 22% of the annual external energy required to condition indoor air in summer and winter, respectively. The aforementioned energy savings are achieved through the synergy of double-glazed windows with operable vents and 0.039kg of phase change material (PCM) per cubic meter of conditioned space. And based on the results published in the literature, the phase change material (PCM) used for this new envelope has the highest efficiency factor (EF), where EF is the energy saved per kilogram of phase change material (PCM).

3. In the current analysis, the above energy savings can only be achieved by ensuring that the vents above and below each pane of the double-glazed window function properly. This involves closing all of the vents during the day throughout the year, but during the summer the outer two vents remain open, while the inner two remain closed after sunset. Conversely, in the other three seasons, after sunset, the exterior vents remained closed while the interior vents remained open.

4. Although the previous vent operations were used in this simulation, they may not be strictly followed to save energy. If the outdoor temperature does not require heating or cooling (as in spring and autumn in Tianjin), the vents can be operated according to people's preferences without reducing energy efficiency.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, it should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the envelope comprising the new double-glazed window and PCM wall combination.

In the picture: 1. Roof; 2. Double-glazed windows; 3. PCM wall; 4. Floor; 5. Door.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the new double-glazed window and PCM wall combination.

In the figure: 6. Ventilation port A (open); 7. Ventilation port B (open); 8. Glass panel; 9. Ventilation port C (closed); 10. Ventilation port D (closed); 11. Brick layer; 12 , insulation layer; 13, PCM layer; 14, gypsum layer.

Figure 3 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and PCM wall combination envelope in a spring night.

Fig. 4 is a graph showing the temperature change curve of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and PCM wall combined envelope structure at night in summer.

Figure 5 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and a PCM wall combined envelope structure at night in autumn.

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and a combination of PCM walls in a winter night.

Fig. 7 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room containing a new double-glazed window and a PCM wall combined envelope structure and a similar room without double-glazed windows in Tianjin during winter nights.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. . Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a new type of double-glazed window and phase-change material wall combined enclosure structure that utilizes external heat sources to save energy in the building enclosure, has the characteristics of intelligence and energy saving, and reduces the fluctuation of indoor temperature in the building. , Improve the comfort of buildings, improve energy efficiency, and solve the problems of large energy consumption and serious pollution of traditional heating in winter and cooling in summer.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

This embodiment provides a new envelope structure combining a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall that can utilize an external heat source to save energy, as shown in FIG. 1 . As shown in Fig. 2, the envelope structure of the novel double-glazed window and phase-change material wall combination includes a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall directly below the window. The top and bottom of the inner and outer glass panels of the double-glazed windows are provided with vents, each measuring 3.2m x 0.3m. The phase change material wall includes a brick layer. The brick layer is located at the outermost side of the entire wall and covers the entire wall surface. The inner side of the brick layer has a thermal insulation layer and a phase change material (PCM) layer. The thermal insulation layer also covers the entire wall surface. The (PCM) layer is located in the middle of the two insulation layers, with an area of 3.2 m x 0.025 m, and the gypsum layer is located on the innermost side of the entire wall and also covers the entire wall.

The envelope of the new double-glazed window and phase-change material wall combination is controlled by the switch of four vents on the double-glazed window. During the day in Tianjin, solar radiation enters from the outer glass panels of the double-glazed windows and shines on the top of the PCM directly below the air channel of the window. The PCM melts and absorbs a large amount of heat and stores it. During the nights of spring, autumn and winter in Tianjin, the PCM gradually solidifies as the outside temperature decreases, releasing a large amount of latent heat stored during the day. At this time, open the two vents on the inner glass plate of the double-glazed window, so that the latent heat released by the PCM enters the room to heat the room and reduce the consumption of heating energy. During the Tianjin summer nights, the two vents on the outer window panels of the double-glazed windows need to be opened. The latent heat released by the PCM is discharged to the outside, and the colder outdoor air is used to cool the room, reducing the use of air conditioners and other facilities and saving energy. Figure 3 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and PCM wall combination envelope in a spring night. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the temperature change curve of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and PCM wall combined envelope structure at night in summer. Figure 5 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and a PCM wall combined envelope structure at night in autumn. Fig. 6 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room in Tianjin with a new double-glazed window and a combination of PCM walls in a winter night.

Example 2

This example compares the performance of the proposed envelope with a similar envelope without double-glazed windows. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is adopted and the experimental comparison shows that the CFD model can accurately simulate the coupling effect of heat transfer and air flow. By studying the room temperature at night in Tianjin in winter, it is found that compared with the similar envelope structure without double-glazed windows, the envelope structure of the combination of double-glazed windows and PCM walls proposed by the present invention has a lower indoor temperature of 4°C Improve the effect. Compared to solid walls without phase-change materials (PCM) and double-glazed windows, the new envelope can save 23% and 22% of the annual external energy required to condition indoor air in summer and winter, respectively. The aforementioned energy savings are achieved through the synergy of double-glazed windows with operable vents and 0.039kg of phase change material (PCM) per cubic meter of conditioned space. And based on the results published in the literature, the phase change material (PCM) used for this new envelope has the highest efficiency factor (EF), where EF is the energy saved per kilogram of phase change material (PCM). Fig. 7 is a graph showing the temperature change of a room containing a new double-glazed window and a PCM wall combined envelope structure and a similar room without double-glazed windows in Tianjin during winter nights.

Claims (5)

1. An enclosure structure combined with a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall, characterized in that: the enclosure structure is based on the combination of a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall, and the phase-change material wall is located in the double-glazed window. directly below the window; the envelope also includes the roof, floor, and doors; wherein the double-glazed window consists of two glass panels and four vents at the top and bottom of the two glass panels; the phase change material The wall structure includes a gypsum layer, a thermal insulation layer, a phase change material PCM layer and a brick layer. 2. The enclosure structure of the combination of a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the double-glazed glass is 6-12 mm, and the glass panels on the inner and outer sides of the window The resulting air channel thickness is 213-355mm. 3. The enclosure structure of the combination of a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the gypsum layer is 8-30mm, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is 40-80mm, and the thickness of the gypsum layer is 8-30mm. The thickness of the phase change material PCM layer is 25-45mm, and the thickness of the brick layer is 100-120mm. 4. The enclosure structure of the combination of a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall according to claim 1, wherein the four vents on the double-glazed window are provided with valves, and the valves are adjustable. 5. The enclosure structure of the combination of a double-glazed window and a phase-change material wall according to claim 1, wherein the top and bottom vents of the outer glass of the double-glazed window are opened at night in a hot season, The top and bottom vents of the inner glazing of the double-glazed windows are open at night during the colder months and all vents are closed during the day regardless of the climate.

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