CN216632986U - Vacuum electron beam welding system of titanium alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloy, which comprises a control cabinet, a pump set and a vacuum electron beam welding device, wherein the vacuum electron beam welding device comprises a shell, the top of the shell is provided with an anode and a control electrode, the middle part of the shell is provided with a vacuum chamber, the top of the vacuum chamber is provided with a cathode, an electrostatic field is arranged between the anode and the cathode, the top of the vacuum chamber is provided with a small hole for electron beam penetration at the cathode, the bottom of the shell is provided with a vacuum working chamber, the vacuum working chamber is communicated with the vacuum chamber through an electron beam channel, and the bottom of the vacuum working chamber is provided with a titanium alloy plate clamping device. According to the clamping device in the welding system, the titanium alloy plates with different thicknesses can be clamped through the movement of the nut on the screw, and meanwhile, the four sliding pin grooves are machined on the table body, so that the clamping work of samples with different lengths and width sizes can be realized.

Description

A vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloys

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of metal material connection, in particular to a vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloys.

Background technique

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in automobile industry, nuclear industry and shipbuilding industry because of their excellent comprehensive properties such as light weight, high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. In the process of workpiece preparation and connection, welding is essential. For the connection of titanium and titanium alloys, welding such as tungsten argon arc welding (TIG), melting electrode argon arc welding (MIG) and plasma arc welding (PAW) All methods have been applied, but the obtained joints have wide heat-affected zone, high residual stress, coarse weld structure, precipitation of some unfavorable phases and large welding groove angle, which leads to the attenuation of joint performance, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of titanium and titanium alloys. Applications of alloys in industry. In order to promote the use of titanium and titanium alloys in industry, the application of a suitable welding method is an urgent problem to be solved. Electron beam welding has the characteristics of high energy flux density, large welding seam width ratio, small welding deformation, high stability and high production efficiency. The connection of active metal materials works, so the quality of the obtained joint can be greatly improved.

Utility model content

Aiming at the technical problem of poor joint performance of titanium alloys in the welding process, the utility model proposes a vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloys, and designs a fixture required for welding, so as to adapt to the connection of titanium alloy originals of different sizes Work.

The technical scheme of the present utility model is as follows:

A titanium alloy vacuum electron beam welding system includes a control cabinet, a pump group and a vacuum electron beam welding device, the vacuum electron beam welding device includes a casing, the top of the casing is provided with a cathode and a control electrode, and the casing A vacuum chamber is arranged in the middle of the body, an anode is arranged at the top of the vacuum chamber, and an electrostatic field is generated between the anode and the cathode. The bottom of the housing is provided with a vacuum working chamber, the vacuum working chamber is communicated with the vacuum chamber through an electron beam channel, and the bottom of the vacuum working chamber is provided with a titanium alloy plate clamping device.

Further, the electron beam channel is connected with a welding observation device, an electron beam focusing device and a guiding device in sequence from top to bottom.

Further, the titanium alloy plate clamping device includes a table body and at least two pressing devices arranged on the table body, the table body is provided with criss-cross chutes, and the pressing devices are cooperatively arranged on the table body. In the chute, there are four priority pressing devices.

Further, the welding observation device includes an optical observation system 1 arranged on one side of the electron beam channel and an optical observation system 2 arranged on the other side of the electron beam channel; the electron beam focusing device includes an optical observation system arranged on one side of the electron beam channel. A focusing coil 1 and a focusing coil 2 arranged on the other side of the electron beam channel, the guiding device includes a deflection coil 1 arranged on one side of the electron beam channel and a deflection coil 2 arranged on the other side of the electron beam channel.

Further, the pressing device includes a fixing plate, a nut, a screw rod and a sliding block; the sliding block is matched and arranged in the sliding groove, one end of the screw rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding block, and the other end passes through the fixing plate and passes through the sliding block. Connect with the nut.

Further, the shell is provided with a furnace door at the position of the vacuum working chamber, and the furnace door is opened for taking and placing titanium alloy plate samples.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

1) The clamping device in this welding system can realize the clamping of titanium alloy plates with different thicknesses through the movement of the nut on the screw. At the same time, four sliding pin grooves are machined on the table body, and different length and width dimensions can also be realized. The clamping work of the sample.

2) The electron beam welding process only needs to set the necessary electrical parameters for the connection work, which is easy to operate, has a high degree of automation, and has high production efficiency; at the same time, the electron beam can accurately determine the position of the welding seam, and the accuracy and repeatability error is 0% .

3) During electron beam welding, the electron beam energy flow density is large, with a large penetration depth and a high welding aspect ratio; at the same time, the required line energy of electron beam welding is small, and the welding speed is high, so the thermal influence of the weldment The area is small and the deformation of the weldment is small, and high-quality welded joints can be obtained.

4) Since titanium alloy is a relatively active metal material, electron beam welding is carried out in a vacuum state, which can not only prevent the molten metal from being polluted by harmful gases such as oxygen and nitrogen, but also facilitate the degassing and purification of the weld metal.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the device diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the clamping device diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the device diagram of the sliding pin system in the clamping device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Control cabinet; 2. Pump set; 3. High voltage cable; 4. Cathode; 5. Control pole; 6. Electrostatic field; 7. Anode; 8. Shell; 9. Vacuum chamber; 10. Electron beam ; 11. Optical observation system 1; 12. Optical observation system 2; 13. Focusing coil 1; 14. Focusing coil 2; 15. Deflection coil 1; 16. Deflection coil 2; ; 19, workbench; 20, furnace door; 21, fixed plate; 22, nut; 23, screw; 24, table body; 25, slider; 26, chute.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to this.

As shown in Figure 1-3, a titanium alloy vacuum electron beam welding system, titanium alloy plate clamping device, vacuum electron beam welding device and vacuum electron beam welding auxiliary device.

Vacuum electron beam welding device, including cathode (filament) 4, control electrode 5, electrostatic field 6, anode 7, shell 8, vacuum chamber 9, electron beam 10, optical observation system 1 11, optical observation system 2 12, focusing coil One 13. Focusing coil two 14, deflection coil one 15, deflection coil two 16 and furnace door 20.

The vacuum electron beam welding auxiliary device includes a control cabinet 1 and a pump group 2. The control cabinet 1 controls the setting of electrical parameters during the welding process and the safety guarantee during the operation of the device. The pump group 2 vacuumizes the electron beam welding furnace.

Turn on the power of the electron beam welding machine and the pump group 2, and set the welding parameters in the control cabinet 1. The welding parameters are generally set such as beam current, high voltage and welding speed. At the same time, the butted position of the titanium alloy plate 17 was placed at the electron beam sub-beam position. Use the control cabinet to control the pump set for vacuum extraction, and start welding after the vacuum working chamber 17 forms a vacuum. The cathode 4 emits electrons after heating, and the electrons are accelerated to 0.3~0.7 times the speed of light under the action of the accelerating voltage, forming a high-speed electron beam 10, which is focused by focusing coil one 13 and focusing coil two 14, deflection coil one 15 and deflection coil Two 16-guided, high-energy electron beams are introduced into the welding area, and then hit the titanium alloy plate, and the kinetic energy of the electrons turns into thermal energy, which makes the metal in the titanium alloy plate area in the butt area melt and evaporate rapidly. Under the neat action of the high-pressure metal, the molten metal is discharged open, creating conditions for the high-speed electron beam to continue to hit the deep solid metal. During the continuous impact, the electron beam quickly drilled a small hole in the titanium alloy plate, which was surrounded by liquid metal. With the relative displacement of the high-speed electron beam and the titanium alloy plate, the liquid metal flows around the small hole to the back of the molten pool, and then cools and solidifies into a weld. During the whole welding process, the first optical observation system 11 and the second optical observation system 12 can observe the welding process progress, so as to accurately grasp the welding process. After the welding is completed, use the control cabinet to control the pump set to inflate, open the electron beam furnace door 20, take out the fixture, take out the titanium alloy plate, and the welding work is completed.

The titanium alloy plate clamping device includes four pressing devices, each of which includes a table body 24, a fixing plate 21, a nut 22, a screw 23 and a slider 25; one end of the screw 23 is fixed on the slider 25, and the other One end passes through the fixing plate 21 and is connected with the nut 22 . The titanium alloy plate sample is fixed on the fixed plate by a nut, and is adjusted by the movement of the nut on the screw 23 to adapt to titanium alloy samples of different thicknesses. The sample is fixed on the table body 24, and the table body 24 is processed by machining. Four chutes are provided, two of which are vertically symmetrically distributed. Through the movement of the slider 25 on the screw 23 in the chute 26, it can be adapted to fix samples of different lengths and widths, thereby realizing the clamping of samples of different lengths and widths. Hold and flexibly realize the assembly of samples.

In order to facilitate the introduction of the use process of the electron beam welding system, TC4 titanium alloy plate is used for welding operation, and the operation process of the welding process is introduced.

Specifically include the following steps:

1) Base material preparation

First, use EDM wire to cut a large piece of TC4 titanium alloy plate, and cut out a plate with a size of 50 mm*33mm* 4 mm, using 320#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1500#, 2000 # sandpaper to polish the surface to be welded, then polish the surface to be welded of the metal material to be welded with 1μm diamond suspension polishing solution, and use ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface stains, gently wipe with alcohol cotton and dry it for later use.

2) Assembly

Use the self-designed clamping device to clamp the TC4 sample to be welded. First, place the titanium alloy plate on the table body, then move the nut, screw and fixing plate to the appropriate position through the chute, and then press the fixing plate on the On the magnesium alloy plate, the magnesium alloy plate is fixed by rotating the nut, and then the entire fixture is placed inside the vacuum chamber.

3) Preparation before welding

2) Equip the assembled sample for welding work, turn on the power of the electron beam welding machine and the pump set, and set the welding parameters in the control cabinet. TC4 is focusing 264 ma beam current 11.5 ma high voltage 65 kv speed 600 mm/min conditions. At the same time, the docking position of the titanium alloy plate is placed in the position of the electron beam under the beam. Use the control cabinet to control the pump set for vacuum extraction, and start welding after the vacuum is formed in the vacuum studio.

4) TC4 welding

3) The system set up is ready for welding work. After the cathode is heated, electrons will be emitted. The electrons are accelerated to 0.3~0.7 times the speed of light under the action of the accelerating voltage, forming a high-speed electron beam, which is focused by the focusing coil and deflected by the coil. The guiding effect of the high-energy electron beam is introduced into the welding area, and then bombards the titanium alloy plate, and the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into thermal energy, and the welding of TC4 is realized by the thermal energy converted from the kinetic energy.

5) Post-weld treatment

4) Use the control cabinet to control the pump group to inflate the TC4 after welding, open the furnace door, take out the fixture, loosen the nut, and take out the TC4 plate. First, the stress of the joint is tested by using the strain gauge. After the stress test is completed, a suitable size of the joint area is cut by wire EDM for observation and analysis by scanning electron microscope and measurement of microhardness.

After welding, the TC4 joints are well connected. The residual stress measurement shows that there is no macroscopic deformation after welding, and the residual stress is small. The microscopic analysis of the joint structure is uniform, with a large aspect ratio, and complete penetration is achieved, and the joint connection quality is good; at the same time There is no obvious abrupt change in microhardness relative to the base metal. In general, electron beam welding TC4 can obtain better quality joints.

The use of vacuum electron beam system to weld titanium alloy can improve the welding quality of joints under the premise of ensuring welding efficiency. At the same time, the setting of fixtures can also adapt to the clamping of plates of different sizes, which solves the problem of argon arc welding and plasma arc welding. The problem of poor quality and low work efficiency in connecting titanium alloy joints.

The content described in this specification is merely an enumeration of the realization forms of the idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as being limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments.

Claims (6)

1. A vacuum electron beam welding system of titanium alloy, characterized in that it comprises a control cabinet (1), a pump group (2) and a vacuum electron beam welding device, wherein the vacuum electron beam welding device comprises a casing (8), A cathode (4) and a control electrode (5) are arranged at the top of the casing (8), a vacuum chamber (9) is arranged in the middle of the casing (8), and an anode (7) is arranged at the top of the vacuum chamber (9). ), an electrostatic field is generated between the anode (7) and the cathode (4), and the top of the vacuum chamber (9) is provided with a small hole at the anode (7) for the electron beam (10) to pass through, The bottom of the housing (8) is provided with a vacuum working chamber (18), the vacuum working chamber (18) and the vacuum chamber (9) are communicated through an electron beam channel, and the bottom of the vacuum working chamber (18) is provided with a vacuum chamber (18). There is a titanium alloy plate clamping device. 2 . The vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloys according to claim 1 , wherein the electron beam channel is connected with a welding observation device, an electron beam focusing device and a guiding device in sequence from top to bottom. 3 . 3. A titanium alloy vacuum electron beam welding system according to claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy plate clamping device comprises a table body (24) and at least a Two pressing devices, the platform body (24) is provided with chute (26) in a crisscross pattern, and the pressing devices are arranged in the chute (26). 4 . The vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloys according to claim 2 , wherein the welding observation device comprises an optical observation system one (11) arranged on one side of the electron beam channel and an optical observation system one (11) arranged on the electron beam channel. 5 . Optical observation system two (12) on the other side of the channel; the electron beam focusing device includes a focusing coil one (13) arranged on one side of the electron beam channel and a focusing coil two (14) arranged on the other side of the electron beam channel , the guiding device comprises a deflection coil one (15) arranged on one side of the electron beam channel and a deflection coil two (16) arranged on the other side of the electron beam channel. 5 . The vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloys according to claim 3 , wherein the pressing device comprises a fixing plate ( 21 ), a nut ( 22 ), a screw rod ( 23 ) and a slider ( 25 ). 6 . ); the slider (25) is fitted in the chute (26), one end of the screw (23) is fixedly arranged on the slider (25), and the other end passes through the fixing plate (21) and is connected with the nut (22) CONNECTED. 6 . The vacuum electron beam welding system for titanium alloys according to claim 1 , wherein a furnace door ( 20 ) is provided on the casing ( 8 ) at a position located in the vacuum working chamber ( 18 ). 7 .

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