CN216588607U - Large-section rock roadway tunneling equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a large-section rock roadway tunneling device, which belongs to the technical field of roadway construction and comprises: a track or rocker, a profile cutting section, a rock column separation section and a screw; the contour cutting part is connected to the track in a sliding mode or fixed to the rocker arm and used for cutting the contour and forming a central residual rock pillar; the rock column separating part is arranged in the cut contour space and is used for applying radial destructive force to the central residual rock column; and the spiral propeller is arranged on the track and the rock separation part to drive the track and the rock separation part to move along the tunneling direction. The profile cutting part is used for carrying out profile tunneling, and the rock column separation part is used for separating the rock column formed after the profile tunneling.

Description

Large-section rock roadway tunneling equipment

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of equipment roadway construction, and particularly relates to large-section rock roadway tunneling equipment.

Background

At present, blasting excavation or mechanical excavation is often adopted in roadway construction.

The blasting and tunneling is to use a drilling machine to construct a drill hole, then fill explosive in the drill hole to blast, and clear broken stones after blasting to complete the tunneling of the roadway. Although the blasting excavation method is not limited by the hardness of roadway rocks, the excavation efficiency is low, the cost is high, safety accidents are easy to occur, and great potential safety hazards exist.

The mechanical excavation is usually carried out by adopting a shield machine and a raise boring machine, wherein the shield machine can construct a horizontal tunnel but cannot construct a vertical shaft project, and the raise boring machine can only construct a vertical shaft but cannot construct a horizontal tunnel; in addition, the two devices can only carry out full-face tunneling, namely, the rock on the tunneling working face is tunneled after being completely crushed, so that on one hand, the tunneling efficiency is low, and on the other hand, the loss of the devices is serious.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Based on the background problem, the utility model aims to provide the large-section rock roadway tunneling equipment which has the advantages of high construction speed and low equipment loss.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

large cross section rock roadway excavation equipment includes:

a track or rocker arm;

the contour cutting part is connected to the track in a sliding fit mode or fixed on the rocker arm and used for cutting the contour and forming a central residual rock pillar;

a rock column separating portion provided in the cut contour space for applying a radial destructive force to the central remaining rock column;

and the spiral propeller is arranged on the track and the rock separation part so as to drive the track and the rock separation part to move along the tunneling direction.

Further, the track is the slide rail structure, includes:

a support body having a shape and size matching the rock roadway profile;

the convex rail is arranged at the front end of the supporting body and is used for the sliding fit connection of the contour cutting part;

and the tooth grooves are arranged around the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the supporting body or arranged at the front end of the convex rail.

In one embodiment, the gullets are provided on an outer circumference of the support body, and the profile cutting part includes:

the cutter head is connected with the convex rail in a sliding fit manner, and a cutting alloy sheet or an electric cutting tool set is arranged at the front end of the cutter head;

the driving gear is arranged on the rear side of the cutter head and meshed with the tooth groove;

the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the driving gear so as to drive the contour cutting part to move;

in one embodiment, the gullet is disposed at a front end of the slide rail, and the profile cutting part includes:

the cutter head is connected with the convex rail in a sliding fit manner and is of a hollow structure, and a cutting alloy sheet or an electric cutting tool set is arranged at the front end of the cutter head;

and the electric roller is rotatably arranged in the hollow cavity of the cutter head and is meshed with the tooth grooves to drive the contour cutting part to move.

Further, the electric cutting tool set includes:

the cutting surface of the gap cutting tool is perpendicular to the working surface and used for cutting a plurality of parallel gaps on the working surface, and the gap cutting tool is an I-shaped tool or a chain saw;

the separation cutter, the adjustable setting of contained angle of cutting plane and the working face of separation cutter for to the rock cutting between two adjacent gaps so that it separates with the working face, the separation cutter is T-shaped cutter.

Furthermore, a cutter group support is rotatably arranged at the front end of the cutter head, and the cutting cutter group is arranged at the front end of the cutter group support, so that the included angle between the cutting surface of the separation cutter and the working surface is adjustable.

Furthermore, an ear seat is fixed on the front end surface of the cutter head, the cutter group support is rotatably arranged on the ear seat through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is axially distributed along the radial direction of the track;

still be equipped with telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II on the blade disc, telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II divide and establish the both sides of ear seat, just telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II's flexible end all with the tool group support butt, telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II's action opposite direction is in order to control the tool group support rotation through telescopic machanism I, telescopic machanism II's extension, shrink, and then the cutting plane of adjustment separation cutter and the contained angle of working face.

Further, the i-shaped cutter includes:

the upper saw blade is a circular saw blade, and a gap cut by the upper saw blade forms a roadway profile;

the lower saw blade is coaxially arranged with the upper saw blade, the lower saw blade is a circular saw blade, and a gap cut by the lower saw blade forms a space for the separation tool to move;

the connecting shaft is connected between the upper saw blade and the lower saw blade so as to enable the upper saw blade and the lower saw blade to synchronously rotate;

the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the connecting shaft and is fixedly connected with the cutter group bracket;

further, the t-shaped tool comprises:

the separation saw blade is a circular saw blade;

and the saw blade rotating shaft is connected with the separated saw blade and is matched with the arrangement position of the lower saw blade.

Further, the rock column separating part comprises a splitting mechanism and a separating mechanism, and the separating mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the splitting mechanism and is positioned above the central residual rock column;

the cleaving mechanism includes:

a body having a shape and size matching the central residual rock column;

a plurality of jacks I are arranged and distributed along the machine body, the jacks I are fixedly or movably arranged on the machine body, and the telescopic ends of the jacks I point to the central residual rock pillar;

the splitting cutter is connected to the telescopic end of the jack I so as to radially extrude and split the residual rock pillar through the jack I;

the separation mechanism includes:

the jack II is fixed with the machine body, and the telescopic end of the jack II points to the central residual rock pillar;

and the extrusion plate is connected to the telescopic end of the jack II and used for applying downward pressure to the residual rock columns so as to fracture the central residual rock columns from the splitting position.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model at least has the following effects:

1. the tunneling equipment comprises a profile cutting part and a rock column separating part, profile tunneling is carried out through the profile cutting part, and then the rock column formed after profile tunneling is separated through the rock column separating part, so that the tunneling equipment has the advantages of high construction speed and low equipment loss.

2. The tunneling equipment can be used for constructing tunnels and tunnel projects with various sections, can be used for constructing horizontal tunnels, vertical shafts and raise shafts, and has a wide application range.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a large-section rock roadway excavation apparatus in an embodiment 1 of the present invention in an operating state;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a rail in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a front view of a contour cutting part in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a contour cut part in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a base and a bumper in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the construction of a base and a bumper (in a compressed state) in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cleaving mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a jack I and a cleaving tool in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the cleaving mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a separating mechanism in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the operation of the separating mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a propeller in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a side view of a contour cut part in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a plan view of a contour cutting part in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a slit cutter I in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a separation blade I in example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a test cross-sectional view of the rock after the profile cutting section in embodiment 2 of the present invention has been cut;

FIG. 21 is a plan view of a contour cutting part in an initial operation in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view (top view) illustrating an operation of separating the tool I in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a plan view of a contour cutting part in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a front view of a rail in embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view taken at D-D of FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view showing the movement of the contour cutter along the rail in embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a front view of a rail in embodiment 5 of the present invention;

fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view at E-E of fig. 27.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings of the specification, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, large equipment loss and the like of the existing mechanical tunneling equipment, the embodiment provides a large-section rock tunneling equipment, which comprises the following components in fig. 1: track 1, profile cutting portion 2 and rock column separation portion 3, profile cutting portion 2 removes and carries out the profile cutting to the rock of working face along track 1, forms remaining rock column 100 in center after the profile cutting, rock column separation portion 3 is used for exerting radial destructive power to remaining rock column 100 in center to make it separate from the working face, and the excavation to the tunnel can be accomplished in the clear transport of rock column after the separation.

The present embodiment gives the following exemplary configurations for the track 1, the profile cut 2 and the rock column separation 3.

As shown in fig. 2, since the present embodiment requires the construction of an arch-shaped tunnel, the track 1 of the present embodiment is also in the shape of an arch, i.e. the track 1 has a shape and size matching the profile of the rock tunnel.

The track 1 is a segmented structure, and is composed of an arc-shaped segment and a straight line segment, and the arc-shaped segment and the straight line segment have the same structure and are different in shape, so that the arc-shaped segment will be described in detail below by way of example.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the arc segment track includes a support body 101, a convex rail 102, and a tooth groove 103.

As shown in fig. 3, the supporting body 101 is present as a track main body, the convex rail 102 is arranged at the front end of the supporting body 101 (the front end refers to an end adjacent to the working surface, and the same is used hereinafter, namely, the left end in fig. 3), the longitudinal section of the convex rail 102 of the embodiment is an isosceles trapezoid, but the convex rail 102 is not limited to this, and the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid-shaped convex rail 102 is attached and fixed to the front end of the supporting body 101 for slidably connecting the contour cutting part 2, and can effectively prevent the contour cutting part 2 from derailing.

In order to realize the self-driven movement of the contour cutting part 2 along the convex rail 102, in this embodiment, tooth grooves 103 are respectively formed on the inner and outer peripheries of the supporting body 101, and the tooth grooves 103 are distributed around the inner and outer peripheries of the supporting body 101 to form tooth strips for meshing with a driving gear I202 and a driving gear II 204, which will be described later, so as to realize the movement of the contour cutting part 2.

It should be noted that, for the arrangement of the tooth grooves 103, in other embodiments, the tooth grooves may be arranged only on the outer periphery of the convex rail 102, and the tooth grooves are formed on both the inner and outer peripheries of the embodiment in order to improve the moving smoothness of the contour cutting part 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the arc-shaped track of the embodiment is connected with a profile cutting portion 2 in a sliding fit manner, and the profile cutting portion 2 can move along the arc-shaped track in a self-driven manner, specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the profile cutting portion 2 includes a cutter head 201, a driving gear I202, a driving motor I203, a driving gear II 204, and a driving motor II 205.

In order to realize the sliding fit connection with the convex rail 102, as shown in fig. 4, a sliding groove is concavely arranged on the rear end surface of the cutter head 201, and the sliding groove has a shape and a size matched with the convex rail 102; and the front end surface of the cutter head 201 is also provided with cutting alloy sheets for cutting rocks.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, in order to ensure the stability of the movement of the contour cutter 2 along the arc-shaped segment track, a plurality of upper auxiliary rollers 201-1 are embedded in the upper end surface of the cutter head 201 in the present embodiment, and the plurality of upper auxiliary rollers 201-1 are distributed along the extending direction of the cutter head 201.

When the contour cutting part 2 slides rapidly along the arc-shaped section track, the cutter disc 201 generates an outward centrifugal force, so that the stability of the contour cutting part 2 is influenced, and the upper auxiliary roller 201-1 arranged on the cutter disc 201 can roll on the surface of the rock which is already cut along with the cutter disc 201, so that the centrifugal force of the cutter disc is eliminated.

In this embodiment, a plurality of lower auxiliary rollers 201-2 are further embedded in the lower end surface of the cutter 201, and the lower auxiliary rollers 201-2 are distributed along the extending direction of the cutter 201.

When the contour cutting part 2 slides slowly along the arc-shaped section track, inward pressure is generated at the front and back of the highest point of the arc-shaped section track due to self gravity, so that the stability of the contour cutting part 2 is influenced, and the lower auxiliary roller 201-2 arranged on the cutter disc 201 can roll on the surface of the rock which is already cut along with the cutter disc 201, so that the cutter disc 201 is supported, and the influence of the cutter disc 201 is eliminated.

As shown in fig. 4, the driving gear I202 and the driving gear II 204 are both disposed at the rear side of the cutter head 201, the driving gear I202 is located above the support body 101 and is engaged with the tooth space 103 on the outer periphery of the support body 101, and the driving gear II 204 is located below the support body 101 and is engaged with the tooth space 103 on the inner periphery of the support body 101.

The driving motor I203 is arranged on the rear side of the driving gear I202, an output shaft of the driving motor I203 is connected with the driving gear I202, the driving motor II 205 is arranged on the rear side of the driving gear II 204, and an output shaft of the driving motor II 205 is connected with the driving gear II 204.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in order to fix the driving motor I203 and the driving motor II 205, in this embodiment, a bracket 206 is fixed on the rear end surface of the cutter head 201, and the bracket 206 is composed of baffles on both sides and ribs connected between the baffles, but the structure of the bracket 206 is not limited thereto, and in this case, the driving motor I203 and the driving motor II 205 are fixed on the ribs of the bracket 206.

In this embodiment, the driving gear I202, the driving motor I203, the driving gear II 204, and the driving motor II 205 form a driving unit, and specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 5, and 6, the driving unit of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of driving units are distributed along the moving direction, at this time, the size of the corresponding cutter disc 201 is increased, thereby improving the cutting efficiency.

When the driving motor I203 and the driving motor II 205 work synchronously, the driving gear I202 and the driving gear II 204 can be driven to rotate synchronously, and then move along the tooth groove 103, so that the profile cutting part 2 moves along the arc-shaped section track integrally.

Since the cutter disc 201 of the present embodiment is provided with cutting alloy sheets, that is, the present embodiment is a non-electric cutting tool, the contour cutting part 2 needs to move fast along the rail 1, and therefore, when the contour cutting part 2 moves to two ends of the arc-shaped section rail, in order to protect the contour cutting part 2, as shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is further provided with bases 104 at two ends of the arc-shaped section rail, and the top of the base 104 is provided with the buffer 105.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the plurality of sets of the buffers 105 are provided, the plurality of sets of the buffers 105 are respectively arranged on two sides of the arc-shaped section track, each buffer 105 is composed of a spring 105-1 fixed on the base 104 and a pressing plate 105-2 fixed at the top end of the spring 105-1, as shown in fig. 8, when the contour cutting part 2 moves to the end of the arc-shaped section track, the baffle of the bracket 206 is abutted to the pressing plate 105-2, and at the moment, the spring 105-1 is stressed and compressed, so that the effect of buffer protection is achieved.

In the process that the contour cutting part 2 moves fast along the arc-shaped section track, the cutting alloy sheet arranged on the cutter head 201 can cut the rock on the working surface until the contour cutting part 2 moves to the maximum stroke position (the end part of the arc-shaped section track), the other contour cutting part 2 moves along the straight-line section track to perform linear cutting, and after the contour cutting is finished, the central remaining rock pillar 100 is formed, as shown in fig. 1.

In order to separate the formed central remaining rock column 100, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is provided with a rock separating portion 3 in the cut contour space to split and separate the central remaining rock column 100.

In particular, the rock column separation section 3 comprises a cleaving mechanism 301 and a separation mechanism 302, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the cleaving mechanism 301 comprising: a machine body 301-1, a jack I301-2 and a splitting cutter 301-3.

Since the central remaining rock pillar 100 formed in this embodiment is arched, the machine body 301-1 of this embodiment is also shaped like a support, a plurality of the jacks I301-2 are uniformly distributed on the machine body 301-1, the jacks I301-2 are connected to the machine body 301-1 through the supports 301-4, the supports 301-4 may be fixed to the machine body 301-1 or movably connected to the machine body 301-1, and this embodiment is not limited.

Taking an arc-shaped section track as an example, the jacks I301-2 are distributed along the radial direction of the machine body 301-1, the telescopic ends of the jacks I301-2 point to the central residual rock pillar 100, the telescopic end of each jack I301-2 is connected with the splitting cutter 301-3, and the end part of the splitting cutter 301-3 is a tip.

The working principle of the cleaving mechanism 301 is shown in fig. 11, in which a plurality of jacks I301-2 simultaneously extend and drive the cleaving tool 301-3 to move toward the central residual rock pillar 100 until the tip of the cleaving tool 301-3 is embedded into the rock, i.e., the central residual rock pillar 100 is radially pressed to cause the pressed portion to be cleaved.

As shown in fig. 1, the separating mechanism 302 is arranged at the rear side of the cleaving mechanism 301 and above the central remaining rock column 100, and in particular, as shown in fig. 12, the separating mechanism 302 comprises: a jack II 302-1 and a squeeze plate 302-2.

The jack 302-1 is fixed with the machine body 301-1 through a fixing frame 302-3, and the telescopic end of the jack II 302-1 points to the central residual rock pillar 100; the extrusion plate 302-2 is connected to the telescopic end of the jack II 302-1.

The separation mechanism 302 operates as shown in figure 13, with the separation mechanism 302 located adjacent the end of the central residual rock column 100 and when the telescopic end of the jack II 302-1 is extended downwardly, it will apply a downward pressure on the central residual rock column 100, thereby causing the central residual rock column 100 to break from the cleave formed by the cleaving mechanism 301.

The rock column separation section 3 of this embodiment enables separation of the entire central rock column 100 by cooperation of the cleaving mechanism 301 and the separation mechanism 302.

The tunnelling apparatus of this embodiment also includes the screw propeller 4, and the screw propeller 4 can drive track 1 and rock column separation portion 3 to move along the tunnelling direction.

As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of groups of propellers 4 are uniformly distributed on the inner and outer peripheries of the supporting body 101 of the track 1, specifically, as shown in fig. 14, an ear seat 106 is fixed on the rear side of the supporting body 101, and the propellers 4 are rotatably arranged on the ear seat 106.

As shown in fig. 15, the auger 4 includes: the spiral body 401 is formed by arranging spiral threads on the outer surface of a cylinder, and the spiral threads are made of hard alloy so as to be capable of being embedded into rock and provide strong thrust; the power unit 402 is disposed inside the spiral body 401, at this time, the spiral body 401 is a hollow structure, and the power unit 402 is built in a conventional technology, which is not described in detail in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, a plurality of screw propellers 4 are annularly distributed on the body 301-1 of the rock column separating part 3, and the structure is the same as above.

The construction of the excavating equipment of the embodiment is finished, and the excavating equipment formed by the structure can be used for constructing roadways and tunnel projects with various sections, can be used for constructing not only horizontal roadways, but also vertical shafts and raise shafts, and has a wide application range; and the working efficiency is high, and the equipment loss is small.

Example 2

Big section rock tunnelling equipment is different from embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 16 and 17, the front end of blade disc 201 of this embodiment is equipped with two sets of electric cutting tool group, and is two sets of electric cutting tool group all includes: the slit cutting tools I207, the slit cutting tools II 208, the separating tools I209, and the separating tools II 210, that is, the electric cutting tool sets of the present embodiment each include two sets of slit cutting tools and two sets of separating tools, which can increase the width of the contour cutting slit.

As shown in fig. 17, the two groups of electric cutting tools are distributed along the direction of the track 1, and a space is arranged between the two groups of electric cutting tools to facilitate slag discharge, that is, a slag discharge space is formed between the two groups of electric cutting tools.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, one group of the electric cutting tool groups may also be provided, and each group of the electric cutting tool groups may also be provided with only one group of the slit cutting tools and one group of the separation tools, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 16, the slit cutter I207 and the slit cutter II 208 are symmetrically distributed, and the cutting surfaces of the slit cutter I207 and the slit cutter II 208 are perpendicular to the working surface, so as to cut a plurality of parallel slits on the working surface.

Separation cutter I209 corresponds with gap cutting cutter I207, and separation cutter II 210 corresponds with gap cutting cutter II 208, just separation cutter I209 and separation cutter II 210's cutting surface and the adjustable setting of contained angle of working face for rock cutting between two adjacent gaps so that it separates with the working face.

In order to realize the adjustability of the included angles between the cutting surfaces and the working surfaces of the separation tools I209 and II 210, the present embodiment provides the following exemplary structure:

as shown in fig. 16 and 17, in this embodiment, a cutter group bracket 211 is rotatably disposed at the front end of the cutter head 201, and the slit cutting cutter I207, the slit cutting cutter II 208, the separating cutter I209, and the separating cutter II 210 are all disposed on the cutter group bracket 211, so that the included angles between the cutting surfaces of the separating cutter I209 and the separating cutter II 210 and the working surface are adjustable.

Specifically, an ear seat 201-3 is fixed on the front end face of the cutter head 201, the cutter group support 211 is rotatably arranged on the ear seat 201-3 through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is axially distributed along the radial direction of the track 1.

In order to control the rotation of the cutter group bracket 211, as shown in fig. 17, a telescopic mechanism I201-4 and a telescopic mechanism II 201-5 are embedded on the front end surface of the cutter head 201 in this embodiment, the telescopic mechanism I201-4 and the telescopic mechanism II 201-5 are respectively arranged on two sides of the ear seat 201-3, the telescopic ends of the telescopic mechanism I201-4 and the telescopic mechanism II 201-5 are respectively abutted to the cutter group bracket 211, and the directions of movement of the telescopic mechanism I201-4 and the telescopic mechanism II 201-5 are opposite to each other, so that the cutter group bracket 211 is controlled to rotate by extension and contraction of the telescopic mechanism I201-4 and the telescopic mechanism II 201-5, and further the included angles between the cutting surfaces of the separation cutter I209 and the separation cutter II 210 and the working surface are adjusted.

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the rotation of the cutter group holder 211, as shown in fig. 17, in this embodiment, the front end surface of the cutter head 201 is set to be an arc surface, the rear end surface of the cutter group holder 211 is also set to be an arc surface, and the arc surface of the cutter head 201 is opposite to the arc surface of the cutter group holder 211, so that the cutter group holder 211 has a large rotation space.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 18, the slit cutter I207 is an I-shaped cutter, and specifically, the slit cutter I207 includes: an upper saw blade 207-1, a lower saw blade 207-2, a connecting shaft 207-3 and a shaft sleeve 207-4.

The upper saw blade 207-1 is a circular saw blade, and a gap cut by the upper saw blade 207-1 forms a roadway profile; the lower saw blade 207-2 and the upper saw blade 207-1 are coaxially arranged, the lower saw blade 207-2 is also a circular saw blade, and a gap cut by the lower saw blade 207-2 forms a space for the movement of the separation tool I209, specifically a space for the movement of a saw blade rotating shaft 209-2 described later.

Since the lower blade 207-2 cuts a gap for the movement of the separating tool I209, the thickness of the lower blade 207-2 is greater than that of the upper blade 207-1 to ensure that the cut gap has enough space.

The connecting shaft 207-3 is connected between the upper saw blade 207-1 and the lower saw blade 207-2, so that the upper saw blade 207-1 and the lower saw blade 207-2 synchronously rotate; the shaft sleeve 207-4 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 207-3 and is fixedly connected with the cutter group support 211 through a connecting rod, so that the gap cutting cutter I207 is integrally supported, and the rotation of the gap cutting cutter I is not influenced.

The slit cutter II 208 has the same structure as the slit cutter I207, and the description thereof is omitted in this embodiment.

In order to realize synchronous driving of the slit cutter I207 and the slit cutter II 208, as shown in fig. 16, in this embodiment, a motor I211-1 is provided on the cutter group support 211, and in this embodiment, the slit cutter I207 and the slit cutter II 208 are synchronously driven by the motor I211-1, so that the motor I211-1 is a double-head motor.

Two output shafts of the motor I211-1 are respectively sleeved with a driving wheel I and a driving wheel II, a connecting shaft 207-3 of the gap cutting tool I207 is sleeved with a driving wheel I, a connecting shaft of the gap cutting tool II 208 is sleeved with a driving wheel II, at the moment, the driving wheel I is connected with the driving wheel I through a driving belt I, and the driving wheel II is connected with the driving wheel II through a driving belt II, so that one motor can drive two groups of gap cutting tools simultaneously, and the space and the cost can be saved.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, two motors may be used to drive the slit cutting tool I207 and the slit cutting tool II 208 respectively, so as to achieve separate control.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 19, the separating tool I209 and the separating tool II 210 are both t-shaped tools, and specifically, the separating tool I209 includes: the cutting device comprises a separating saw blade 209-1 and a saw blade rotating shaft 209-2, wherein the separating saw blade 209-1 is a circular saw blade, the saw blade rotating shaft 209-2 is connected to the rear end face of the separating saw blade 209-1, and the saw blade rotating shaft 209-2 is matched with the lower saw blade 207-2 of the gap cutting tool I207 in arrangement position.

It should be noted here that as shown in fig. 16, the separating blade 209-1 of the separating tool I209 is almost in contact with the separating blade end of the separating tool 210, so that the rock block between the gap cut by the lower blade 207-2 of the gap cutting tool I207 and the gap cut by the lower blade of the gap cutting tool II 208 can be cut and separated.

The separating tool II 210 has the same structure as the separating tool I209, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

In order to drive the separation tool I209 to rotate, as shown in fig. 16, in this embodiment, a motor II 211-2 is further disposed on the tool group support 211, and an output shaft of the motor II 211-2 is connected to the saw blade rotating shaft 209-2 of the separation tool I209.

It should be noted that the separation tool I209 and the separation tool II 210 of the present embodiment are driven separately, but not limited to this, and in other embodiments, a single motor may be used to realize synchronous driving of the separation tool I209 and the separation tool II 210.

The working principle of the cutting tool set of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 20-24:

when the slit cutter I207 and the slit cutter II 208 operate, taking the slit cutter I207 as an example, the upper saw blade 207-1 and the lower saw blade 207-2 can cut two parallel narrow slits 200 and wide slits 300 on a rock working surface from shallow to deep along with the forward movement of the rail 1 in the process of fast rotation, as shown in fig. 20, the depth of the slits is the effective cutting radius of the saw blade; at the moment, the narrow gap 200 cut by the upper saw blade 207-1 forms the outline of the roadway, and the wide gap 300 cut by the lower saw blade 207-2 is used for the movement of the separation cutter I209; the operation of the slot cutter II 208 is the same.

When the separation tool I209 and the separation tool II 210 are operated, as shown in fig. 21, taking the separation tool I209 as an example, during initial operation, the telescopic mechanism I201-4 is contracted, the telescopic mechanism II 201-5 is extended, at this time, the tool set support 211 rotates counterclockwise by a small angle, the cutting surface of the separation tool I209 forms an angle with the working surface, and during the rapid rotation of the separation tool I209, along with the forward movement of the track 1 and the movement of the contour cutting part 2 along the track 1, the separation tool I209 cuts into rock obliquely to the working surface, as shown in fig. 22.

When the separating tool I209 is about to enter the deepest part of the wide gap 300, the telescoping mechanism I201-4 is controlled to extend slowly, the telescoping mechanism II 201-5 contracts slowly, at the moment, the tool group support 211 rotates slowly clockwise, when the separating tool I209 enters the deepest part of the wide gap 300, the cutting surface of the separating tool I209 is parallel to the working surface, as shown in figure 22, at the moment, the separating tool I209 is operated, and the separating saw blade 209-1 rotates to cut and separate rock blocks between the narrow gap 200 and the wide gap 300; at the same time, the separation tools I209 and II 210 cooperate to be able to cut and separate the piece of rock between the wide slits cut by the slit cutters I207 and II 208, as shown in fig. 20.

The cutting tool group of the embodiment realizes the block cutting of the front end working face rock and continuously follows the space of the cut rock, thereby creating conditions for the whole advancing of the development machine; meanwhile, the rock is integrally cut into blocks, but not cut and crushed into fine rock particles, so that the operation speed is high, and the energy consumption is low.

It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the cutter head 201 is provided with the electric cutting tool set, and at this time, the contour cutting part 2 moves slowly along the rail, so that it is not necessary to provide buffers at both ends of the rail 1 in the present embodiment.

Example 3

The large-face rock tunneling apparatus differs from embodiment 2 in that the slot cutting tool I207 and the slot cutting tool II 208 of the present embodiment are chain saws.

Taking the slit cutting tool I207 as an example, specifically, as shown in fig. 23, the slit cutting tool I207 includes an upper chain saw and a lower chain saw, and the upper chain saw includes: a chain saw wheel 207-5, a chainsaw bushing 207-6, a chainsaw plate 207-7, a chainsaw plate bracket 207-8, and a chainsaw chain 207-9; the lower chain saw has the same structure as the upper chain saw.

Two groups of chain saw shaft sleeves 207-6 are arranged and are fixedly connected with the cutter group bracket 211, and the chain saw-toothed wheel 207-5 is rotatably arranged between the two groups of chain saw shaft sleeves 207-6 through a main shaft, namely the chain saw-toothed wheel 207-5 is coaxially arranged with the two groups of chain saw shaft sleeves 207-6.

The chain saw plate 207-7 is arranged close to the outer edge of the chain saw wheel 207-5 and supported and fixed through a chain saw plate support plate 207-8, specifically, two groups of chain saw plate support plates 207-8 are also arranged, the two groups of chain saw plate support plates 207-8 correspond to chain saw shaft sleeves 207-6 one by one, one end of each group of chain saw plate support plates 207-8 is fixed with the corresponding chain saw shaft sleeve 207-6, the other end of each group of chain saw plate support plates 207-8 is fixed with the chain saw plate 207-7, and at the moment, the chain saw plate support plates 207-8 are respectively arranged on two sides of the chain saw plate 207-7.

The chainsaw chain 207-9 is wound around the chain saw wheel 207-5 and the chainsaw plate 207-7, and when the chain saw wheel 207-5 rotates, the chainsaw chain 207-9 rotates around the chain saw wheel 207-5 and the chainsaw plate 207-7.

For the driving structure of the chain saw gear 207-5, the motor and chain transmission structure is selected for driving in the present embodiment, but not limited thereto. It should be noted that the structure of the chain saw of the present embodiment is prior art, and the present embodiment will not be described in detail.

In the embodiment, the gap cutting tool I207 and the gap cutting tool II 208 are replaced by chain saws, so that compared with an I-shaped tool, the cutting depth is larger, and the effect is better.

Example 4

The large-section rock roadway excavation equipment is different from the large-section rock roadway excavation equipment in embodiments 1 to 3, as shown in fig. 24 and 25, in this embodiment, two groups of convex rails 102 are arranged on the front end face of a support body 101 of an arc-shaped section track, the two groups of convex rails 102 are distributed up and down, and each convex rail 102 is connected with a profile cutting part 2 in a sliding fit manner, that is, the excavation equipment in this embodiment is of a double-track double-profile cutting part structure.

When the heading equipment of the embodiment is used, as shown in fig. 26, the two profile cutting parts 2 can be set to synchronously move in opposite directions, so that the vibration of the equipment can be reduced; two groups of contour cutting parts are arranged on the straight-line section track in the same way.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 27 and 28, in the large face rock tunneling apparatus, unlike embodiments 1 and 2, in which a tooth space 103 is provided at a front end of a convex rail 102, the contour cutting part 2 includes: a cutter head 201 and a motorized pulley 210.

In this embodiment, the cutter head 201 is hollow, and the motorized pulley 210 is rotatably disposed in the hollow cavity of the cutter head 201 and engaged with the tooth slot 103, so that when the motorized pulley 210 rotates, the contour cutting part 2 is driven to move along the convex rail 102.

It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these changes and modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Big section rock roadway heading equipment, its characterized in that includes:

a track or rocker arm;

the contour cutting part is connected to the track in a sliding fit mode or fixed to the rocker arm and used for cutting a contour and forming a central residual rock pillar;

a rock column separating portion provided in the cut contour space for applying a radial destructive force to the central remaining rock column;

and the spiral propeller is arranged on the track and the rock separation part so as to drive the track and the rock separation part to move along the tunneling direction.

2. The large face rock tunnelling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the track is of a slide rail construction comprising:

a support body having a shape and size matching the rock roadway profile;

the convex rail is arranged at the front end of the supporting body and is used for the sliding fit connection of the contour cutting part;

and the tooth grooves are arranged around the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the supporting body or arranged at the front end of the convex rail.

3. A large face rock tunnelling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the gullets are provided on the inner and outer peripheries of the support body, the profile cutting portion comprises:

the cutter head is connected with the convex rail in a sliding fit manner, and a cutting alloy sheet or an electric cutting tool set is arranged at the front end of the cutter head;

the driving gear is arranged on the rear side of the cutter head and meshed with the tooth groove;

and an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the driving gear to drive the contour cutting part to move.

4. A large face rock tunnelling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the tooth slot is provided at the front end of a slide rail, the profile cutting section including:

the cutter head is connected with the convex rail in a sliding fit manner and is of a hollow structure, and a cutting alloy sheet or an electric cutting tool set is arranged at the front end of the cutter head;

and the electric roller is rotatably arranged in the hollow cavity of the cutter head and is meshed with the tooth grooves to drive the contour cutting part to move.

5. A large face rock tunnelling apparatus as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the powered cutting tool set includes:

the cutting surface of the gap cutting tool is perpendicular to the working surface and used for cutting a plurality of parallel gaps on the working surface, and the gap cutting tool is an I-shaped tool or a chain saw;

the separation cutter, the adjustable setting of contained angle of cutting plane and the working face of separation cutter for to the rock cutting between two adjacent gaps so that it separates with the working face, the separation cutter is T-shaped cutter.

6. The large-section rock tunneling apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a cutter group support is rotatably provided at the front end of the cutter head, and the cutting cutter group is provided at the front end of the cutter group support, so that an included angle between the cutting surface of the separation cutter and the working surface is adjustable.

7. The large-section rock roadway heading device of claim 6, wherein an ear seat is fixed on the front end face of the cutter head, the cutter group support is rotatably arranged on the ear seat through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is axially distributed along the radial direction of the track;

still be equipped with telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II on the blade disc, telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II divide and establish the both sides of ear seat, just telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II's flexible end all with the support butt of cutter group, telescopic machanism I and telescopic machanism II's action opposite direction is in order to control the rotation of cutter group support through telescopic machanism I, telescopic machanism II's extension, shrink, and then the cutting plane of adjustment separation cutter and the contained angle of working face.

8. A large face rock tunnelling apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the I-shaped cutter includes:

the upper saw blade is a circular saw blade, and a gap cut by the upper saw blade forms a roadway profile;

the lower saw blade is coaxially arranged with the upper saw blade, the lower saw blade is a circular saw blade, and a gap cut by the lower saw blade forms a space for the separation tool to move;

the connecting shaft is connected between the upper saw blade and the lower saw blade so as to enable the upper saw blade and the lower saw blade to synchronously rotate;

and the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the connecting shaft and is fixedly connected with the cutter group support.

9. The large face rock tunnelling apparatus as claimed in claim 8, the t-shaped cutter comprising:

the separation saw blade is a circular saw blade;

and the saw blade rotating shaft is connected with the separated saw blade and is matched with the arrangement position of the lower saw blade.

10. The large-section rock tunneling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rock column separation section includes a splitting mechanism and a separation mechanism, the separation mechanism being provided on a rear side of the splitting mechanism and above the central remaining rock column;

the cleaving mechanism includes:

a body having a shape and size matching the central remaining rock column;

a plurality of jacks I are arranged and distributed along the machine body, the jacks I are fixedly or movably arranged on the machine body, and the telescopic ends of the jacks I point to the central residual rock pillar;

the splitting cutter is connected to the telescopic end of the jack I so as to radially extrude and split the residual rock pillar through the jack I;

the separation mechanism includes:

the jack II is fixed with the machine body, and the telescopic end of the jack II points to the central residual rock pillar;

and the extrusion plate is connected to the telescopic end of the jack II and used for applying downward pressure to the residual rock columns so as to fracture the central residual rock columns from the splitting position.

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