CN216525791U - Phase change simulation device and system for fluid in shale pores - Google Patents
Phase change simulation device and system for fluid in shale pores Download PDFInfo
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- CN216525791U CN216525791U CN202122726262.4U CN202122726262U CN216525791U CN 216525791 U CN216525791 U CN 216525791U CN 202122726262 U CN202122726262 U CN 202122726262U CN 216525791 U CN216525791 U CN 216525791U
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Abstract
本说明书公开了页岩孔隙内流体的相变模拟装置及系统，涉及石油与天然气流体相态实验技术领域，其中装置包括：壳体，壳体中设置有温控层；壳体上开设有第一开口；活塞，设置于第一开口处，与第一开口的形状相适配；分隔板，设置于壳体内部；分隔板的第一表面与壳体的内壁面包围形成第一腔体，第一腔体用于填充微纳米级多孔材料，以模拟页岩内的微纳米级孔隙对流体分子的流动影响；分隔板的第二表面与壳体的内壁面、活塞包围形成第二腔体，第二腔体用于模拟页岩中的裂缝体相空间；分隔板上设有连通第一腔体和第二腔体的孔缝。本方案可实现对基质限域空间和裂缝体相空间的同时模拟，能够较为真实地模拟页岩孔隙内流体的相变情况。
This specification discloses a phase change simulation device and system for fluid in shale pores, and relates to the technical field of oil and natural gas fluid phase state experiments. The device includes: a shell, a temperature control layer is arranged in the shell; an opening; the piston is arranged at the first opening and is adapted to the shape of the first opening; the partition plate is arranged inside the casing; the first surface of the partition plate and the inner wall surface of the casing are surrounded to form a first cavity The first cavity is filled with micro- and nano-scale porous materials to simulate the influence of micro- and nano-scale pores in shale on the flow of fluid molecules; the second surface of the partition plate is surrounded by the inner wall surface of the casing and the piston to form a second cavity. A cavity, the second cavity is used for simulating the fracture body phase space in the shale; the partition plate is provided with holes and slits connecting the first cavity and the second cavity. This scheme can realize the simultaneous simulation of the matrix confined space and the fracture phase space, and can simulate the phase transition of the fluid in the shale pores more realistically.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of phase state experiments of petroleum and natural gas fluids, in particular to a phase change simulation device and system of fluids in shale pores.
Background
The phase state of the reservoir pore fluid, including a phase diagram (phase complex line), a bubble point, dew point characteristics, critical point characteristics and the like, is a key for oil and gas reservoir type judgment, reserve evaluation and effect evaluation, and the accurate representation of the phase state characteristics of the multi-component fluid in the shale reservoir pore space has very important significance for selecting a reasonable and effective development mode, accurate numerical simulation, an enhanced recovery ratio technology and the like. The reservoir fluid is characterized by high temperature and high pressure, and particularly, petroleum therein dissolves a large amount of hydrocarbon gases, so that the physical properties of the reservoir fluid in the underground are greatly different from those of the ground. In order to develop a hydrocarbon reservoir reasonably, the underground nature of hydrocarbon water and its variation with temperature and pressure, i.e. P-V-T (i.e. pressure-volume-temperature) relationship, must be understood first.
Different from the conventional sandstone reservoir and carbonate reservoir, the shale reservoir has special properties, micro-nano pores are widely developed in the shale reservoir, the acting force of the pore wall surfaces on fluid molecules becomes extremely obvious, and the pore wall surfaces have serious heterogeneity. The fluid in the rock is also influenced by surrounding fluid molecules and pore wall surfaces, and the phase equilibrium is greatly influenced.
For experimental research technology of phase state characteristics of fluids in micro-nano pores, a micro-fluidic chip technology is often adopted. The phase state of the fluid is analyzed by directly observing the flowing state of the fluid in the nano-channel in the chip.
Although the micro-fluidic chip technology can realize the research of micro-nano fluid, the difference between the chip property and the real reservoir property is large, and the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in the stratum are difficult to simulate, so that the difference between the experimental result and the phase state expression of the fluid in the real reservoir is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a phase change simulation apparatus and system for fluids in shale pores, so that the phase change simulation experiment result of the fluids in the shale pores is closer to the real reservoir property.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of the present specification provides a phase change simulation apparatus for fluid in shale pores, including: the temperature control device comprises a shell, a temperature control layer is arranged in the shell, a temperature controller and a heating part are arranged in the temperature control layer, the temperature controller is used for receiving a set temperature and controlling the heating part to heat the interior of the shell to the set temperature; the shell is provided with a first opening; the piston is arranged at the first opening, is matched with the shape of the first opening, and can move at the first opening to compress or expand the volume in the shell; the partition plate is arranged inside the shell; the first surface of the partition plate and the inner wall surface of the shell are surrounded to form a first cavity, and the first cavity is used for filling micro-nano porous materials so as to simulate the influence of micro-nano pores in shale on the flow of fluid molecules; a second cavity is formed by the second surface of the partition plate, the inner wall surface of the shell and the piston in an enclosing mode, and the second cavity is used for simulating a crack body phase space in the shale; and the partition plate is provided with a hole seam for communicating the first cavity and the second cavity.
In some embodiments, the housing defines a transparent, sealed window.
A second aspect of the present specification provides a phase change simulation system for fluid in shale pores, comprising: the phase change simulation device of the fluid in the shale pores in the first aspect; at least one container for holding shale oil or a component fluid forming shale oil; the outlet of the at least one container is connected with a second opening formed in the shell through a pipeline; the back pressure valve is connected with a fourth opening formed in the shell through a pipeline; an inlet of the oil-gas separator is connected with a fifth opening formed in the shell through a pipeline and used for separating the shale oil discharged from the shell from gas, the volume of the shale oil discharged from the shell is reserved and measured, and the separated gas is discharged through an outlet of the oil-gas separator; and the gas meter is connected with the outlet of the oil-gas separator and is used for measuring the volume of gas discharged from the shell. And the pressure gauge is connected with a sixth opening formed in the shell through a pipeline and used for monitoring the pressure in the shell.
In some embodiments, the second opening, the third opening, the fourth opening, the fifth opening, and the sixth opening are external openings formed in the housing; the at least one container, the back pressure valve and the oil-gas separator are connected to the external source opening through a four-way valve, wherein the at least one container is connected to a first interface of the four-way valve, the back pressure valve and/or the oil-gas separator are connected to a second interface of the four-way valve, and an external source interface on the shell is connected to a third interface of the four-way valve.
In some embodiments, the at least one container comprises at least two containers; the outlet of each container in the at least two containers is connected with the first interface of the four-way valve through a star-shaped first pipeline interface, and a valve is arranged between the outlet of each container in the at least two containers and the first pipeline interface on each branch pipeline connected with each branch interface of the first pipeline interface.
In some embodiments, the pressure gauge includes a first communication component for communicatively coupling with a computer to upload a reading of the pressure gauge to the computer.
In some embodiments, the phase change simulation system for fluids in the shale pores further comprises: and the driving side of the motor is mechanically connected with the piston and is used for driving the piston to move in the opening.
In some embodiments, the phase change simulation system for fluids in the shale pores further comprises: and the displacement pump is connected with the inlet of the at least one container and is used for pumping the shale oil or a component fluid forming the shale oil in the at least one container into the first cavity or the second cavity of the phase change simulation device for the fluid in the shale pores.
In some embodiments, the at least one container comprises at least two containers; and the inlets of the at least two containers are connected with the displacement pump through star-shaped second pipeline interfaces, and valves are arranged between the inlets of the at least two containers and the displacement pump on each branch pipeline connected with each branch interface of the second pipeline interfaces.
In the phase change simulation device for fluid in shale pores provided by the embodiment of the specification, the temperature control layer is arranged in the shell, the controller of the temperature control layer can receive the set temperature, and the heating part is controlled to heat the interior of the shell to the set temperature, so that the high-temperature environment in the stratum can be simulated; the piston moves to compress or expand the volume in the shell, so that the interior of the shell is pressurized conveniently to simulate a high-pressure environment in the stratum; the inner part of the shell is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the first cavity is filled with micro-nano porous materials, so that the flow influence of micro-nano pores in shale on fluid molecules can be simulated, the second cavity is a cavity, and the separation plate is provided with a pore gap for communicating the first cavity with the second cavity, so that the space of a crack body in the stratum can be simulated through the second cavity. Therefore, the phase change simulation device can simulate the phase change condition of the fluid in the shale pores in the stratum more truly, and the experimental result is closer to the real reservoir property.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows an internal structural diagram of a phase change simulation device for fluid in shale pores;
FIG. 2 is an external schematic diagram of a phase change simulator of the fluid in the shale pores;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a phase change simulation system for fluids in the pores of shale.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
In order to simulate the phase state performance of the fluid in the reservoir more truly, the embodiment of the description provides the phase change simulation device for testing the phase change of the multi-component fluid in the micro-nano-scale pores in the shale, so that the fracture volume space and the matrix confinement space of the shale reservoir can be simulated more truly, and the reliability of the experiment performed by using the phase change simulation device is higher. In addition, the embodiment of the specification provides a simulation system comprising the phase change simulation device and a method for carrying out experiments by using the simulation system, and the whole process of phase change of the fluid in the micro-nano porous medium of the shale can be accurately monitored in real time.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in this example, a phase change simulation apparatus 10 is disclosed, which may include a housing 11, a base 12, a piston 13, and a servo motor 19.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a housing 11 may be provided on the base 12, the housing 11 having a cylindrical opening. The drive member of the servomotor 19 may be mechanically connected to the piston 13, so that the servomotor 19 may drive the piston 13 to move within the cylindrical opening. In some embodiments, the piston 13 may also be driven to move within the cylindrical opening by screwing a bolt. In some embodiments, the cylindrical opening may also be an opening extending along a spiral line.
A temperature control layer may be disposed in the housing 11, and a temperature controller and a heating member may be disposed in the temperature control layer, the temperature controller being configured to receive a set temperature and control the heating member to heat the inside of the housing to the set temperature. For example, the interior of the housing may be heated to a set temperature of 200 ℃ so that the high temperature environment in the deeper formations may be simulated.
The housing 11 may have a first opening, which may be cylindrical. The piston 13 is disposed at the first opening, the shape of the piston 13 is adapted to the shape of the first opening, and the piston 13 is movable at the first opening to compress or expand the volume inside the housing 11. The volume within the housing 11 may be the volume V shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the interior of the housing 11 is a reaction chamber, and a partition plate 14 is disposed in the housing to divide the interior of the housing 11 into two independent chambers. Specifically, a first cavity 15 is formed by surrounding a first surface of the partition plate 14 and an inner wall surface of the casing 11, and the first cavity 15 is used for filling a micro-nano porous material, such as a molecular sieve, so as to simulate the flow influence of micro-nano pores in the shale on fluid molecules, that is, the first cavity 15 filled with the micro-nano porous material simulates a confined space in the shale; the second surface of the partition plate 14, the inner wall surface of the shell 11 and the piston 13 surround to form a second cavity 16, and the second cavity 16 is a hollow cavity and is used for simulating a crack body phase space in shale. A hole M communicating the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16 is formed in the partition plate 14, so that fluid such as shale oil or gas can be freely diffused between the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16. When the piston 13 is moved within the opening, the volume V within the housing 11 may be compressed or expanded while allowing fluid to freely diffuse between the first and second chambers 15, 16.
According to the phase change simulation device for the fluid in the shale pores, the temperature control layer is arranged in the shell, the set temperature can be received through the controller of the temperature control layer, and the heating part is controlled to heat the interior of the shell to the set temperature, so that the high-temperature environment in the stratum can be simulated; the piston moves to compress or expand the volume in the shell, so that the interior of the shell is pressurized conveniently to simulate a high-pressure environment in the stratum; the inner part of the shell is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the first cavity is filled with micro-nano porous materials, so that the flow influence of micro-nano pores in shale on fluid molecules can be simulated, the second cavity is a cavity, and the separation plate is provided with a pore gap for communicating the first cavity with the second cavity, so that the space of a crack body in the stratum can be simulated through the second cavity. Therefore, the phase change simulation device can simulate the phase change condition of the fluid in the shale pores in the stratum more truly, and the experimental result is closer to the real reservoir property.
As shown in fig. 1, the housing 11 of the second cavity 16 is provided with an external interface 17 for allowing shale oil or gas to flow into or out of the second cavity 16.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, a transparent sealed window 18 is opened on the housing 11 of the phase change simulation apparatus 10, and the reaction conditions in the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16 in the housing 11 and the position of the piston 13 can be seen through the transparent sealed window 18. N in fig. 2 shows a fastener, for example, a screw or a nut.
In some embodiments, the transparent sealed window is provided with volume graduations, and when the piston 13 reaches the position indicated by the graduations, the volume V in the housing is the same as the volume indicated by the graduations.
As shown in fig. 3, the phase change simulation system for fluid in shale pores comprises the phase change simulation device 10, and further comprises at least one container, a back pressure valve, an oil-gas separator, a gas meter and a pressure gauge.
Specifically, the structure of the system is illustrated in fig. 3 by taking two containers as an example. The first container 21 is used for containing shale oil, and an outlet of the first container 21 is connected with a second opening formed in the shell 11 through a pipeline; the second container 22 is used for forming a fluid of a component of the shale oil, and the second container 22 is connected to a third opening provided in the housing 11 through a pipe. In some embodiments, the container can be one for containing shale oil; or two or more, wherein each vessel contains a component fluid that forms shale oil, such as octane, decane.
The back pressure valve 34 is connected to a fourth opening formed in the housing 11 through a pipe. The inlet of the oil-gas separator is connected with a fifth opening formed in the shell through a pipeline, and is used for separating the shale oil discharged from the shell 11 from the gas, reserving and measuring the volume of the shale oil discharged from the shell, and discharging the separated gas through the outlet of the oil-gas separator 31. The gas meter 33 is connected to an outlet of the gas-oil separator 31 for measuring the volume of gas discharged inside the housing 11. In some embodiments, a cooling device 32 is further provided between the gas-oil separator 31 and the gas meter 33, and is used for cooling the gas separated by the gas-oil separator 31 so as to prevent the gas meter 33 from being damaged due to too high temperature of the gas. The pressure gauge 42 is connected to a sixth opening formed in the housing through a pipe, and is used for monitoring the pressure in the housing 11.
In some embodiments, the second opening, the third opening, the fourth opening, the fifth opening, and the sixth opening are an external source opening, i.e., the external source interface 17 in fig. 1, formed on the housing 11. At least one container, a back pressure valve and an oil-gas separator are connected to an external source opening arranged on the shell through a four-way valve. Specifically, the outlet of each of the at least one container may be connected to a first port of the four-way valve, the back pressure valve may be connected to a second port of the four-way valve, the oil-gas separator may be connected to a third port of the four-way valve, and the external source port on the housing may be connected to a fourth port of the four-way valve. In some embodiments, the at least one container is connected to a first port of the four-way valve, the back pressure valve and the oil-gas separator may be connected to a second port of the four-way valve through a star-shaped pipe port, an external source port on the housing may be connected to a third port of the four-way valve, and a fourth port of the four-way valve may be used for connecting a pressure gauge.
In some embodiments, the number of containers is two or more. The outlet of each container in at least two containers is connected with the first interface of the four-way valve through the star-shaped first pipeline interface, and on each branch pipeline connected with each branch interface of the first pipeline interface, a valve is arranged between the outlet of each container in at least two containers and the first pipeline interface, so that fluids in different containers can be pumped into the shell 11 respectively, and the pumping amount can be conveniently mastered.
In some embodiments, the fluid in the reservoir may be pumped into the housing 11 by squeezing the bladder, or may be pumped into the housing 11 by the displacement pump 24. And the displacement pump or the air bag is connected with the inlet of the at least one container and is used for pumping the shale oil or a component fluid forming the shale oil in the at least one container into the first cavity or the second cavity of the phase change simulation device for the fluid in the pores of the shale. In some embodiments, the containers are two or more, the inlets of the containers are connected with the displacement pump through the star-shaped second pipeline interface, and valves are arranged between the inlets of the containers and the displacement pump on each branch pipeline connected with each branch interface of the second pipeline interface. So that the fluids in different containers can be pumped into the housing 11 separately, facilitating the control of the pumped volumes.
In some embodiments, the phase change simulation system for fluids within the pores of the shale further comprises a computer 41.
In some embodiments, the driving side of the motor 19 in fig. 2 is mechanically connected to the piston for driving the piston to move in the first opening, and the motor 19 further includes a first communication component for connecting to the computer 41 for receiving a control command sent by the computer, wherein the control command is used for controlling the motor 19 to move to drive the piston 13 to move in the first opening.
In some embodiments, the phase change simulation system for fluids in the shale pores further includes a pressure gauge 42 and a camera.
The pressure gauge 42 is connected to the fourth port of the four-way valve 23 through a pipeline and is used for measuring the pressure in the housing 11 of the phase change simulator 10. The pressure gauge 42 includes a second communication assembly that interfaces with the computer to upload the pressure gauge reading to the computer 41.
The camera is disposed at a transparent sealed window formed on a housing 11 of the phase change simulator 10, and is configured to shoot an image of a reaction phenomenon in the housing 11 through the transparent window formed on the housing. The camera may be connected to the computer 41 through a third communication component for transmitting images taken by the camera to the computer 41.
The gas meter 33 may also be connected to the computer 41 via a fourth communication assembly for transmitting the measured volume of gas to the computer.
Through above-mentioned motor and first communication subassembly, manometer and second communication subassembly, camera and third communication subassembly, gas gauge and fourth communication subassembly, this shale pore fluidic phase change analog system can pass through computer control experiment process to automatic data acquisition, experiment operation process is simple convenient.
Taking two containers as an example, an embodiment of the present specification further provides an experimental method applicable to the phase change simulation system for fluid in the shale pores, where the method includes the following steps:
s410: and according to the analysis result of the fluid composition in the shale in the stratum, enabling the shale oil in the first container and the gas in the second container to enter the phase change simulation device according to a preset proportion.
S420: the temperature in the shell is controlled at a set temperature through the temperature control layer, the pressure in the shell is controlled at a set pressure through the piston, the pressure in the shell is obtained through the pressure gauge, the pressure in the shell is reduced through the back pressure valve, the shale oil discharged in the shell is separated from the gas through the oil-gas separator, the volume of the discharged shale oil is obtained, the volume of the gas discharged in the shell is obtained through the gas gauge, and the phase change test of the multi-component mixture in the shale is carried out.
In some embodiments, step S420 may be specifically to perform a compositional expansion test of the multi-component mixture within the shale as follows:
s421: the temperature of a constant-temperature shell of the phase change simulation device is set to be the formation temperature through a computer, the fluids in the first container and the second container are pumped into the phase change simulation device according to a set amount through a displacement pump, and the fluids in the phase change simulation device are pressurized to be higher than the bubble point pressure.
S422: and the pressure of the fluid sample in the reaction cavity (the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16) is reduced step by adjusting a back pressure valve, and the pressure is reduced by 1MPa-1.5MPa each time. In the process of pressure reduction each time, the sample expands and the volume is increased, the volume of the reaction cavity can be reflected by the motion degree of a piston at the upper part of the cavity, and the volume range of the reaction cavity is 10-100 ml. And reading the pressure and volume values after the sample is stabilized after the pressure reduction process is finished. And repeating the process, and continuing to perform the pressure reduction test. In general, when the volume of the sample in the phase change simulator is 3 times of the original sample volume, the test can be stopped.
S423: and drawing a P-V relation curve according to the pressure and volume corresponding data set measured in the step S422. And taking the pressure P as an abscissa and the sample volume V as an ordinate, wherein the inflection point of the obtained curve is the bubble point of the rough measurement.
In some embodiments, step S420 may specifically be to perform a volumetric depletion test of the multi-component mixture within the shale according to the following steps:
s424: the experimental temperature is set to the formation temperature through a computer, the fluid in the gas container is pumped into the phase change simulation device according to a set amount through a displacement pump, and the pressure of a fluid sample in the phase change simulation device is reduced to the dew point pressure.
S425: after the pressure is balanced, the reaction cavity is observed to record the volume of the sample in the phase change simulation device, the volume is the constant volume, and the volume of the cavity needs to be adjusted to the constant volume every time the pressure is reduced to the first-stage exhaustion pressure.
S426: 4-8 pressure values are uniformly divided according to the pressure interval between the dew point pressure and the atmospheric pressure, and are used as failure pressure levels to sequentially reduce the pressure of the fluid sample in the reaction cavity step by step. And (4) reducing the pressure to the next stage of exhaustion pressure by adjusting the back pressure valve, and after the pressure is reduced every time, stably reading the pressure and volume value of the sample.
S427: and opening a valve connected with the separation system, exhausting the air outwards from the inner cavity of the phase change simulation device, and keeping the pressure in the pump until the volume in the phase change simulation device reaches the constant volume. And a small amount of oil and steam are mixed in the discharged gas, and the oil and gas are fully separated by an oil-gas separator. And a cooling device containing a drying agent is used for drying and collecting the condensate gas. The gas amount is measured by a gas meter at the outlet end. And recording the gas quantity and the oil quantity after the exhaust is finished, and taking a gas sample and an oil sample to analyze the composition.
S428: s426 and S427 are repeated until the pressure drops to the last stage depletion pressure.
Although the present application has been described in terms of embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that there are numerous variations and permutations of the present application without departing from the spirit of the application, and it is intended that the appended claims encompass such variations and permutations without departing from the spirit of the application.
Claims (9)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115219739A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-21 | 西南石油大学 | An experimental method for simulating reverse condensate damage in condensate gas reservoirs based on microfluidics |
| CN116183435A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-30 | 西南石油大学 | An experimental device and method for measuring mixed gas components in nanopores |
| CN119510263A (en) * | 2025-01-22 | 2025-02-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A system and method for determining a multi-criteria displacement phase diagram for nanopores |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115219739A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-21 | 西南石油大学 | An experimental method for simulating reverse condensate damage in condensate gas reservoirs based on microfluidics |
| CN116183435A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-30 | 西南石油大学 | An experimental device and method for measuring mixed gas components in nanopores |
| CN119510263A (en) * | 2025-01-22 | 2025-02-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A system and method for determining a multi-criteria displacement phase diagram for nanopores |
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