CN216516242U

CN216516242U - Light shell type external heat preservation photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated wall structure

Info

Publication number: CN216516242U
Application number: CN202122581171.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓高峰; 关运龙; 佟昊; 毕然冉; 代雯华; 刘璐
Original assignee: China Academy of Building Research CABR; CABR Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Academy of Building Research CABR; CABR Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-26
Filing date: 2021-10-26
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-26

Abstract

The utility model provides a light shell type external thermal insulation photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated wall structure which comprises a solar photovoltaic assembly, a thermal insulation layer, an enclosure structure and a fixing structure. The photovoltaic module and the wall body form a light shell, and a gap between the photovoltaic module and the wall body is filled with a heat insulation material. The solar photovoltaic component and the heat-insulating layer are directly integrated with the wall body in an integrated manner in a hanging and sticking manner through the anchoring part, or are anchored with the wall body through the keel frame. The solar photovoltaic module provides power for the building, and the energy conservation of the building is realized. A fluid channel is arranged behind the photovoltaic assembly, photovoltaic waste heat is collected in a liquid cooling or air cooling mode, and photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated application is achieved while the temperature of a photovoltaic plate is reduced, the power generation efficiency is improved. According to the utility model, the heat-insulating material which is not easy to form can be wrapped between the solar photovoltaic module and the wall body to serve as an external heat-insulating layer of the wall body, so that the selection range of the heat-insulating material is widened, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic panel is utilized to resist impact so as to improve the stability and the fireproof performance of the heat-insulating layer.

Description

Light shell type external heat preservation photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated wall structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) and the technical field of external wall insulation, in particular to a light-shell type external insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure.

Background

Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), in particular to a technology for integrating solar photovoltaics into buildings, such as photovoltaic tile roofs, photovoltaic curtain walls, photovoltaic daylighting roofs and the like. The BIPV technology meets the building aesthetics and safety performance, meets the requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection on urban building materials, and becomes one of important development trends of photovoltaic buildings. On one hand, however, the conversion efficiency is low and the service life is reduced due to the overhigh temperature of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, the BIPV technology has not been applied in a large scale due to limitations in mounting structure, mounting strength, and mounting cost. Therefore, how to break through the limitation of construction modes, reduce the temperature of the assembly and prolong the service life is always a difficulty in the development of the BIPV technology.

The currently commonly used external wall thermal insulation materials mainly comprise rock wool, glass wool, extruded sheets, polyurethane foam, phenolic foam boards and other materials. Due to the reasons of 'cracking, hollowing, falling, heat preservation but no flame retardance, flame retardance and incapability of meeting the heat preservation requirement of energy-saving buildings', and the like, related policies forbid a part of external wall external heat preservation systems including most of thin plastering external heat preservation systems of various plates, the material performance and the construction mode are difficult to break through, and novel heat preservation material aerogel and the like have the defect of difficult molding, so that the selection of the heat preservation material has great limitation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the utility model aims to provide a light-shell type external thermal insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall, wherein a crystalline silicon type or thin film type photovoltaic module, a thermal insulation material and a wall body are directly and integrally integrated to serve as a surface layer structure of a building roof or a building wall body, and the functions of building thermal insulation, photovoltaic power generation and photovoltaic waste heat utilization are simultaneously realized.

The utility model relates to a light-shell type external heat-insulation photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated wall structure which comprises a solar photovoltaic assembly, a heat-insulation layer, an enclosure structure and a fixed structure, wherein the heat-insulation layer is fixed between the solar photovoltaic assembly and the enclosure structure through the fixed structure; the back of the solar photovoltaic module is provided with a fluid channel, and a heat transfer medium is arranged in the fluid channel.

Further, the fixing structure comprises an embedded groove and an anchoring piece; the embedded groove is arranged in the building envelope and used for fixing the anchoring part; the anchoring part integrates the heat-insulating layer and the solar photovoltaic assembly into the envelope structure in an anchoring mode.

Further, the light-shell type external heat preservation photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated wall structure further comprises a keel structure, and the keel structure is fixed between the heat preservation layer and the enclosure structure.

Furthermore, the keel structure comprises a keel stand column and a keel cross beam, the keel stand column is vertically intersected with the keel cross beam, the keel stand column and the keel cross beam are fixed with the solar photovoltaic assembly and the heat preservation layer through connecting pieces, and the keel stand column and the keel cross beam are fixed with the enclosure structure through anchoring pieces.

Furthermore, keel structure material is shaped steel, and keel stand column and keel crossbeam constitute shaped steel support.

Further, the connecting piece is located at the gap between the photovoltaic panels of the solar photovoltaic module.

Further, the material of the solar photovoltaic module comprises one of the following: crystalline silicon batteries, thin film batteries, and dye-sensitized batteries.

Further, the heat transfer medium in the fluid channel is a liquid or a gas.

Further, the material of the heat-insulating layer is one of the following materials: aerogel, rock wool, inorganic active external wall insulation materials, silicate insulation materials, ceramic insulation materials, rubber powder polyphenyl particles, steel wire mesh cement foam boards, extruded sheets, hard foam polyurethane on-site spraying, hard foam polyurethane insulation boards, spraying polyurethane hard foam, EPS foam boards and vacuum insulation boards.

Further, the enclosure includes a wall structure and/or a roof structure.

The utility model has simple installation structure and simplifies the construction link; the selection range of the wall external thermal insulation material is expanded, an application method is provided for the unformed thermal insulation materials such as aerogel, and the thermal insulation performance of the building can be effectively improved; meanwhile, the photovoltaic module is used as the outer surface of the wall or the roof, so that the shock resistance task can be borne, the heat-insulating layer is prevented from falling off, and the fire resistance of the enclosure structure is improved; the photovoltaic module can provide electric power for the building, so that the building is pushed to be changed from an energy consumer to a capacity producer, and the integration of the photovoltaic building is realized; the fluid channel is laid on the back of the photovoltaic module, and the internal medium absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module due to continuous irradiation of sunlight, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged. The photovoltaic waste heat can directly heat hot water and hot air for heating, and can also be used as a low-temperature heat source of an air source heat pump or a ground source heat pump, so that the photovoltaic and photo-thermal comprehensive utilization is realized. The utility model belongs to a BIPV product in the true sense, which is very in line with the development trend of energy conservation and emission reduction in the building industry and powerfully promotes the application process of the BIPV technology. The utility model can also be used for researching the influence of the BIPV assembly as a building envelope on the thermal performance of the building envelope.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a direct anchoring mode of a light-shell type external heat-preservation photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated wall body.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection mode of a keel of a light-shell type external heat-preservation photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated wall body.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a section steel bracket consisting of keel upright columns and keel cross beams.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

The utility model discloses a novel light-shell type external heat-insulation photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated wall structure, and a first implementation mode is shown in figure 1, wherein 1 is a solar photovoltaic component, 2 is a heat-insulation layer, 3 is a pre-buried groove, 4 is a fluid channel on the back of the component, 5 is an anchoring part, and 6 is a building enclosure.

The solar photovoltaic module 1 supplies power to the building through photoelectric conversion. The heat-insulating layer 2 is a gap formed between the solar photovoltaic module 1 and the building envelope 6 and is filled with heat-insulating materials. The pre-buried groove 3 is pre-buried in the interior of the building envelope 6 and used for fixing the anchoring piece 5. The assembly back fluid channel 4 is laid on the back of the solar photovoltaic assembly 1, and the internal medium of the assembly concentrates and utilizes the photovoltaic waste heat through circulation. The anchoring part 5 integrates the heat-insulating layer 2 and the solar photovoltaic component 1 into the envelope structure 6 in an anchoring mode to form the external heat-insulating photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated wall body.

The second embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and the difference from the first embodiment lies in the connection manner of the solar photovoltaic module 1 and the enclosure 6: the solar photovoltaic component 1 is connected to a keel structure formed by the keel upright post 7 and the keel cross beam 8 through a connecting piece 9. The keel structure formed by the keel upright posts 7 and the keel cross beams 8 is fixed on the building envelope 6 through the anchoring parts 5, so that the integration of the external heat-preservation photovoltaic photo-thermal wall is realized.

The keel is made of profile steel, the keel upright column 7 and the keel cross beam 8 are also called as profile steel upright columns and profile steel cross beams, the keel upright column 7 and the keel cross beam 8 are vertically intersected (the intersection part is fixedly connected in a bolt mode and the like) to form a profile steel support, and as shown in fig. 3, the steel structure fixing support is used for fixing the solar photovoltaic module 1. Besides the section steel, other materials such as aluminum alloy and the like can also be adopted.

The connecting piece 9 is located in a gap between photovoltaic plates of the solar photovoltaic assembly 1, penetrates through the heat preservation layer 2, and is connected with a keel structure formed by the solar photovoltaic assembly 1, the keel upright post 7 and the keel cross beam 8 to achieve a fixing effect. The heat preservation layer 2 can contain a plurality of heat preservation plates, and the connecting pieces 9 are located at gaps between the heat preservation plates. The connecting member 9 may be implemented in various forms as long as the above-described fixing function can be achieved.

The material of the solar photovoltaic module 1 may specifically include: crystalline silicon-based cells, thin film-based cells (CIGS, CdTe), dye-sensitized cells, and the like.

The module back fluid channel 4 is a fluid channel laid on the back of the solar photovoltaic module 1, and the heat transfer medium in the fluid channel may specifically include liquid and gas. The internal medium absorbs the waste heat generated by the continuous irradiation of sunlight of the photovoltaic module, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged. The photovoltaic waste heat can directly heat hot water and hot air for heating, and can also be used as a low-temperature heat source of an air source heat pump or a ground source heat pump, so that the photovoltaic and photo-thermal comprehensive utilization is realized.

The filling material, namely the heat preservation layer 2, between the solar photovoltaic module 1 and the building envelope 6 specifically comprises: aerogel, rock wool, inorganic active exterior wall insulation materials, silicate insulation materials, ceramic insulation materials, rubber powder polyphenyl particles, steel wire mesh cement foam boards (Shule boards), extruded boards XPS, hard foam polyurethane on-site spraying, hard foam polyurethane insulation boards, spraying polyurethane hard foam, EPS foam boards, vacuum insulation panels (VIP boards) and the like.

The first embodiment is suitable for the heat insulation materials such as aerogel and foaming which are not easy to form, and the second embodiment is suitable for the heat insulation materials such as extruded sheets which are easy to form.

The envelope 6 may specifically include a wall structure inside a building, and a roof structure such as a flat roof and a sloping roof.

In other embodiments, the structure of the utility model can be expanded into a unit to form an external heat-preservation photovoltaic-photothermal integrated plate, and the whole construction is carried out on the surface of the building envelope.

The solar photovoltaic module and the wall body form a light shell, and a gap between the solar photovoltaic module and the wall body can be filled with heat insulation materials such as plates, foams, aerogel and the like. The solar photovoltaic component and the heat-insulating layer are directly integrated with the wall body in an integrated mode through the anchoring piece hanging mode or are anchored with the wall body through the keel frame. The solar photovoltaic component provides power for the building and realizes building energy conservation. A fluid channel is arranged behind the photovoltaic assembly, photovoltaic waste heat is collected in a liquid cooling or air cooling mode and used for hot air heating, hot water heating or serving as a low-temperature heat source, the temperature of a photovoltaic plate is reduced, the power generation efficiency is improved, and meanwhile photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated application is achieved. According to the utility model, the heat insulation material such as mortar and aerogel which is not easy to form can be wrapped between the solar photovoltaic module and the wall body to serve as the outer wall heat insulation layer, so that the selection range of the heat insulation material is widened, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic panel can be used for resisting impact, and the stability and the fireproof performance of the heat insulation layer are improved.

The particular embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting, since various alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. The utility model should not be limited to the disclosure of the embodiments in the present specification, but the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A light-shell type external heat-insulation photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated wall structure is characterized by comprising a solar photovoltaic assembly, a heat-insulation layer, an enclosure structure and a fixing structure, wherein the heat-insulation layer is fixed between the solar photovoltaic assembly and the enclosure structure through the fixing structure; the back of the solar photovoltaic module is provided with a fluid channel, and a heat transfer medium is arranged in the fluid channel.

2. The light-shell type external-insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the fixing structure comprises an embedded groove and an anchoring member; the embedded groove is arranged in the building envelope and used for fixing the anchoring part; the anchoring part integrates the heat-insulating layer and the solar photovoltaic assembly into the envelope structure in an anchoring mode.

3. The light-shell type external insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, further comprising a keel structure fixed between the insulation layer and the building envelope.

4. The light shell type external insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 3, wherein the keel structure comprises keel columns and keel beams, the keel columns and the keel beams perpendicularly intersect, the keel columns and the keel beams are fixed with the solar photovoltaic modules and the insulation layer through connecting pieces, and the keel columns and the keel beams are fixed with the enclosure structure through anchoring pieces.

5. The light-shell type external insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 4, wherein the keel structure material is a section steel, and the keel vertical columns and the keel beams form a section steel support.

6. The lightweight-shell type external-insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 4, wherein the connecting pieces are located at gaps between photovoltaic panels of the solar photovoltaic module.

7. The lightweight-shell type external-insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the solar photovoltaic module comprises one of the following materials: crystalline silicon batteries, thin film batteries, and dye-sensitized batteries.

8. The lightweight-shell type external-insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer medium in the fluid channel is liquid or gas.

9. The lightweight-shell type external-insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the insulation layer is one of the following materials: aerogel, rock wool, inorganic active external wall insulation materials, silicate insulation materials, ceramic insulation materials, rubber powder polyphenyl particles, steel wire mesh cement foam boards, extruded sheets, hard foam polyurethane on-site spraying, hard foam polyurethane insulation boards, spraying polyurethane hard foam, EPS foam boards and vacuum insulation boards.

10. The lightweight shell type external insulation photovoltaic and photothermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the enclosure structure comprises a wall structure and/or a roof structure.