CN216437193U - Air-to-ground ad hoc network communication system based on unmanned aerial vehicle base station - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle base station, which belongs to the field of air-ground ad hoc network communication. The communication system includes a cloud server, a UAV base station, a ground base station and a ground power distribution node; the UAV base station includes at least one UAV, and the UAV body is equipped with a base station module; the ground power distribution node consists of multiple It is composed of multiple wireless nodes; multiple UAVs use ad hoc network to build a space-based wireless Mesh network through their respective base station modules. Adjacent wireless nodes are partitioned according to a certain radius, and ad hoc network is used between wireless nodes in the area. way to build a ground-based wireless Mesh network. The utility model uses the unmanned aerial vehicle as the carrier to build a 5G network system platform of the Internet of Things for air-ground integrated distribution and consumption, which solves the problem that the traditional ground communication network has poor disaster tolerance and emergency response capability, relatively simple networking structure, and limited coverage and site resources. , the problem of being unable to meet the differentiated business needs of the Internet of Things for distribution and consumption.

Description

An air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on UAV base station

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of air-ground ad hoc network communication, in particular to an air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle base station suitable for northwest mountainous areas.

Background technique

In recent years, an air-ground integrated communication system based on Stratosphere communication (SC) has been proposed as a new communication mode. The popularization of mobile intelligent terminals has made people's lives inseparable from wireless communication. This dependence is not only reflected in the increase in demand for high-speed and high-quality mobile data services, but also in people's greater need for "anytime, anywhere" reliable communication services Assure. The layout of ground base stations is not only affected by terrain factors and natural disasters, but also if the density of ground base stations is too large, it will also cause serious interference. As one of the solutions, satellite communication, although its coverage and communication capacity is larger, its operation is more stable, and it can realize data transmission across continents, but because of the large transmission delay and expensive construction costs, it can only be applied to Small-scale communication business. Stratospheric communication is between ground communication and satellite communication, with an altitude of 17km~22km. Aircraft, balloons or helium-filled airships can be used as the carrying platform of the signal transmitting device. This is still a field to be developed in today's communication network, and is of great significance to the development of wireless communication in the future.

The vast majority of mobile communications rely on ground base stations. Once the ground base stations are lacking, or the ground base stations are damaged, it will have a serious impact on power communication, and even cause communication interruption. Although satellite communication is not restricted by ground factors, it has large delay and high construction cost, and can only provide limited communication services. SC does not depend on the network infrastructure on the ground, and the deployment cost is relatively low. Therefore, it has significant advantages in ocean navigation, inaccessible deserts and remote areas, and emergency rescue. In addition to ground communication, many communication scenarios also need to consider the communication requirements above the ground and below the atmosphere. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of aviation technology and UAV technology, communication in this field has attracted attention from industry and academia. Notice. Satellite communication can realize wireless communication on a global scale, but because of its limited bandwidth, large transmission delay and expensive construction costs, it is difficult to be widely used. Therefore, relying on stratospheric communication technology and using high-altitude platforms (HAPs) for information transmission can ensure that air users are connected at any time.

In view of the complex environment, various types of equipment, and wide distribution of power system power distribution scenarios, a large number of sensors and monitoring equipment need to be deployed; traditional terrestrial communication networks have poor disaster tolerance and emergency response capabilities, relatively simple network structure, limited coverage and site resources It is urgent to combine the aerial network composed of UAVs with the ground 5G communication network to build an air-ground integrated network with wide-area coverage, flexible deployment and strong disaster tolerance. , to realize the ubiquitous interconnection of massive terminals on the power distribution and consumption side of the power system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on a UAV base station suitable for the northwest mountainous area, aiming at the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is an air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on a UAV base station, including a cloud server, a UAV base station, a ground base station and a ground power distribution node;

Cloud server, set up in the urban area, sends commands through the host computer or receives the feedback information from the ground power distribution nodes for remote management and monitoring;

UAV base station, including at least one UAV, the UAV is a long-endurance multi-rotor type UAV, the UAV body is equipped with a base station module, which is set on the water surface, and the base station module is connected to the cloud server , used to forward the signals between the cloud server and the ground base station and the ground power distribution node;

The ground base station is set in a mountainous area, and the ground base station is connected with the cloud server, the UAV base station and the ground power distribution node, and is used for forwarding the signals between the cloud server and the UAV base station and the ground power distribution node.

The ground power distribution node is composed of multiple wireless nodes all located in mountainous areas. The ground power distribution node is connected to the UAV base station and the ground base station respectively, and is used to execute instructions or collect the environment and/or the ground power distribution equipment. Feedback information after electricity parameter information;

Multiple UAVs use self-organized network to build an air-based wireless Mesh network through their respective base station modules. The wireless nodes adjacent to the ground power distribution node are divided according to a certain radius, and the wireless nodes in the area use an ad hoc network. way to build a ground-based wireless Mesh network.

Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the base station module includes a first microprocessor and an airborne multi-beam antenna, and the first microprocessor is respectively connected with a flight control module, a first GPS positioning module, a first a power supply module, a wireless transceiver control module, a first wireless communication module, and a second wireless communication module, the wireless transceiver control module is connected to the airborne multi-beam antenna; the flight control module is used to control the drone to fly and hover, the first The GPS positioning module is used to locate the aerial position of the UAV, the first power supply module supplies power to the first microprocessor, the first wireless communication module is used for data interaction with the cloud server through wireless communication connection; the second wireless communication module is used for multiple A space-based wireless Mesh network is constructed between two unmanned aerial vehicles and data exchange is performed. The ground base station is provided with a ground multi-beam antenna corresponding to the airborne multi-beam antenna. Data interaction.

Preferably, the first wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module; the second wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module or a LoRa wireless communication module or a Bluetooth wireless communication module.

Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the wireless node includes a sensor module for power distribution equipment and its ancillary equipment to implement environmental monitoring and power parameter collection, and the sensor module is connected with a second microprocessor, The second microprocessor is also connected with a third wireless communication module, a fourth wireless communication module, and a second power supply module, respectively. The third wireless communication module is used for wireless communication connection with the UAV base station and the ground base station for data interaction. Four wireless communication modules are used for constructing a ground-based wireless Mesh network between wireless nodes and for mutual data exchange, and the second power module supplies power for the second microprocessor.

Preferably, the third wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module; the fourth wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module or a LoRa wireless communication module or a Bluetooth wireless communication module.

Preferably, the sensor module includes a current sensor, a light sensor, an electrostatic sensor, a material level sensor, an infrared detector, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a smoke sensor.

Preferably, the second microprocessor is further connected with a second positioning module, and the second positioning module is used for positioning the corresponding power distribution equipment and its accessory equipment.

Compared with the prior art, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solutions, the beneficial technical effect of the present utility model is: aiming at the irregular scene with many mountains in the northwest, a 5G network of the Internet of Things for air-ground integrated power distribution and utilization is built with drones as a carrier. The system platform solves the problems of poor disaster tolerance and emergency response capability of traditional ground communication networks, relatively single networking structure, limited coverage and site resources, and cannot meet the differentiated business needs of the Internet of Things for power distribution; The network is combined with the ground 5G communication network to build an air-ground integrated network with wide-area coverage, flexible deployment, and strong disaster tolerance, and realize the ubiquitous interconnection of massive terminals on the power distribution and consumption side of the power system. Collaborative networking provides users with guaranteed mobile communication services anytime, anywhere, reduces the load on ground base stations, and provides seamless network coverage for three-dimensional space.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stratospheric communication network of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an air-ground three-dimensional communication network of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural block diagram of an air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on a UAV base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of constructing a space-based wireless Mesh network in an ad hoc network manner of a UAV base station in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a ground-based wireless Mesh network constructed by an ad hoc network of ground distribution and consumption nodes in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a base station module mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a wireless node in an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1- cloud server, 2- drone base station, 3- ground power distribution node, 4- ground base station, 5- drone, 51- flight control module, 52- first GPS positioning module, 53 - first power supply module, 54 - first microprocessor, 55 - wireless transceiver control module, 56 - airborne multi-beam antenna, 57 - first wireless communication module, 58 - second wireless communication module, 6 - wireless node, 61-second power module, 62-sensor module, 63-second positioning module, 64-second microprocessor, 65-third wireless communication module, 66-fourth wireless communication module.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more clearly understood, the present utility model will be further described in detail below through preferred embodiments.

Referring to Figure 1, HAPs have high signal reception elevation angles in urban areas and low signal reception elevation angles in suburban or rural areas. SCs can provide large-capacity and wide-range communication services at low cost. For wireless communication coverage at high altitude or at sea, HAPs fill the coverage gap of ground base stations, and at the same time have the advantages that satellite communication does not have. The comparison table of ground wireless communication, SC and satellite communication:

Performance comparison of terrestrial, stratospheric, and satellite communications

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Example

Referring to Figures 2-7, this embodiment provides an air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on a UAV base station, including a cloud server 1, a UAV base station 2, a ground base station 4 and a ground power distribution node 3;

The cloud server 1, set in the urban area, sends instructions through the host computer or receives the information fed back by the ground power distribution node 3 for remote management and monitoring;

The drone base station 2 includes at least one drone 5. The drone 5 is a long-endurance multi-rotor drone. The drone 5 is equipped with a base station module, which is set on the water surface. The base station module is connected to the base station module. The cloud server 1 is connected to forward the signals between the cloud server 1 and the ground base station 4 and the ground power distribution node 3;

The ground base station 4 is set in a mountainous area, and the ground base station 4 is connected with the cloud server 1, the UAV base station 2 and the ground power distribution node 3, and is used to forward the cloud server 1 and the UAV base station 2 and the ground power distribution and consumption signal between node 3.

The ground power distribution node 3 is composed of a plurality of wireless nodes 6 all located in the mountainous area. The ground power distribution node 3 is respectively connected to the UAV base station 2 and the ground base station 4 for executing instructions or collecting ground power distribution equipment. feedback information after the environmental and/or power consumption parameter information;

A plurality of UAVs 5 construct an air-based wireless Mesh network by using an ad hoc network method through their respective base station modules. The wireless nodes 6 adjacent to the ground power distribution and consumption nodes 3 are divided according to a certain radius. The ground-based wireless Mesh network is constructed using the ad hoc network method.

In this embodiment, the air-based wireless Mesh network and the ground-based wireless Mesh network form a two-layer sub-network, which can not only provide communication services independently, but also can form a joint network, and the ground equipment can be interconnected with HAPs in a PMP manner. The airborne multi-beam antenna 56 is deployed at an altitude of 17 kilometers, serving multiple cells, and the coverage area and the radius of a single cell under coverage are 30 kilometers and 8 kilometers, respectively. The coverage radius at sea can reach 200-300 kilometers, and the signal propagation delay can reach several hundreds of microseconds; while the coverage radius of terrestrial cellular networks is generally within the range of 1-2 kilometers, and the propagation delay is in the microsecond level.

When there is no ground base station 4 in the mountainous area or the ground base station 4 fails, the UAV base station 2 directly forwards the command signal from the cloud server 1 to the ground power distribution node 3 or directly forwards the feedback information from the ground power distribution node 3 to the cloud server 1.

In this embodiment, the base station module includes a first microprocessor 54 and an airborne multi-beam antenna 56. The first microprocessor 54 is respectively connected with a flight control module 51, a first GPS positioning module 52, and a first power supply module 53. , a wireless transceiver control module 55, a first wireless communication module 57, a second wireless communication module 58, the wireless transceiver control module 55 is connected to the airborne multi-beam antenna 56; the flight control module 51 is used to control the drone 5 to fly and suspend Stop, the first GPS positioning module 52 is used to locate the aerial position of the drone 5, the first power module 53 is used to supply power to the first microprocessor 54, and the first wireless communication module 57 is used to wirelessly communicate with the cloud server 1 for data. Interaction; the second wireless communication module 58 is used for constructing a space-based wireless Mesh network and data exchange among multiple unmanned aerial vehicles 5, and the ground base station 4 is provided with a ground multi-beam antenna corresponding to the airborne multi-beam antenna 56, and the first micro-processing The transmitter 54 performs data interaction with the ground base station 4 through a wireless communication connection with the airborne multi-beam antenna 56 .

In this embodiment, the first wireless communication module 57 is a 5G wireless communication module; the second wireless communication module 58 is a 5G wireless communication module or a LoRa wireless communication module or a Bluetooth wireless communication module.

In this embodiment, the wireless node 6 includes a sensor module 62 for power distribution equipment and its ancillary equipment to perform environmental monitoring and power parameter collection. The sensor module 62 is connected to a second microprocessor 64 , which is 64 is also connected with a third wireless communication module 65, a fourth wireless communication module 66, and a second power supply module 61. The third wireless communication module 65 is used for wireless communication connection with the drone base station 2 and the ground base station 4 for data interaction. , the fourth wireless communication module 66 is used for constructing a ground-based wireless Mesh network between the wireless nodes 6 and performing mutual data exchange, and the second power module 61 supplies power to the second microprocessor 64 .

In this embodiment, the third wireless communication module 65 is a 5G wireless communication module; the fourth wireless communication module 66 is a 5G wireless communication module or a LoRa wireless communication module or a Bluetooth wireless communication module.

In this embodiment, SIM8200EA-M2 can be selected for the 5G wireless communication module, SX127x series chip can be selected for the LoRa wireless communication module, CC2652P chip can be selected for the Bluetooth wireless communication module, and the first microprocessor 54 and the second processor can be selected STM32 series chips.

In this embodiment, the airborne multi-beam antenna 56 adopts a 5-beam antenna

In this embodiment, the sensor module 62 includes a current sensor, a light sensor, an electrostatic sensor, a material level sensor, an infrared detector, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a smoke sensor.

In this embodiment, the second microprocessor 64 is further connected with a second positioning module 63, and the second positioning module 63 is used for positioning the corresponding electrical power distribution equipment and its auxiliary equipment.

In this embodiment, the wireless node 6 includes smart home electrical equipment, substation power distribution equipment, power generation and power transmission equipment in power plants.

As an improvement, taking the staying time, maximum take-off weight and flight height of UAV 5 as the main factors, a long-endurance multi-rotor UAV that can be equipped with a VR panoramic camera is selected to realize aerial video surveillance in the communication area. .

Through the cooperation and joint processing among the five UAVs in the UAV base station 2, such as cooperative multi-point transmission, interference can be effectively utilized and higher transmission efficiency can be obtained.

The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also make routine modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements within the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. an air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on unmanned aerial vehicle base station, it is characterized in that: comprise cloud server, unmanned aerial vehicle base station, ground base station and ground power distribution node; Cloud server, set up in the urban area, sends commands through the host computer or receives the feedback information from the ground power distribution nodes for remote management and monitoring; UAV base station, including at least one UAV, the UAV is a long-endurance multi-rotor type UAV, the UAV body is equipped with a base station module, which is set on the water surface, and the base station module is connected to the cloud server , used to forward the signals between the cloud server and the ground base station and the ground power distribution node; The ground base station is set in the mountainous area, and the ground base station is connected with the cloud server, the UAV base station and the ground power distribution node, and is used for forwarding the signals between the cloud server and the UAV base station and the ground power distribution node; The ground power distribution node is composed of multiple wireless nodes all located in mountainous areas. The ground power distribution node is connected to the UAV base station and the ground base station respectively, and is used to execute instructions or collect the environment and/or the ground power distribution equipment. Feedback information after electricity parameter information; Multiple UAVs use self-organized network to build an air-based wireless Mesh network through their respective base station modules. The wireless nodes adjacent to the ground power distribution node are divided according to a certain radius, and the wireless nodes in the area use an ad hoc network. way to build a ground-based wireless Mesh network. 2. The air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on the UAV base station according to claim 1, wherein the base station module comprises a first microprocessor and an airborne multi-beam antenna, and the first microprocessor is respectively connected to There are a flight control module, a first GPS positioning module, a first power supply module, a wireless transceiver control module, a first wireless communication module, and a second wireless communication module. The wireless transceiver control module is connected to the airborne multi-beam antenna; the flight control module is used for Control the drone to fly and hover, the first GPS positioning module is used to locate the aerial position of the drone, the first power module supplies power to the first microprocessor, and the first wireless communication module is used for wireless communication connection with the cloud server Carry out data exchange; the second wireless communication module is used for building a space-based wireless Mesh network among multiple UAVs and performing data exchange. The ground base station is provided with a ground multi-beam antenna corresponding to the airborne multi-beam antenna, and the first microprocessor passes the The airborne multi-beam antenna is connected to the ground base station wirelessly for data exchange. 3. The air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on the UAV base station according to claim 2, wherein the first wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module; the second wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module or LoRa wireless communication module or Bluetooth wireless communication module. 4. The air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on the UAV base station according to claim 3, wherein the wireless node comprises a sensor module for power distribution equipment and its ancillary equipment to implement environmental monitoring and power parameter collection , the sensor module is connected with a second microprocessor, and the second microprocessor is also connected with a third wireless communication module, a fourth wireless communication module, and a second power supply module, and the third wireless communication module is used to communicate with the drone base station. The ground base station performs wireless communication connection for data interaction, the fourth wireless communication module is used for constructing a ground-based wireless Mesh network between wireless nodes and performs mutual data exchange, and the second power module supplies power for the second microprocessor. 5. The air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on the UAV base station according to claim 4, wherein the third wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module; the fourth wireless communication module is a 5G wireless communication module or LoRa wireless communication module or Bluetooth wireless communication module. 6. The air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on UAV base station according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described sensor module comprises current sensor, light sensor, electrostatic sensor, material level sensor, infrared detector, temperature sensor Humidity sensor, smoke sensor. 7. The air-ground ad hoc network communication system based on the UAV base station according to claim 6, wherein the second microprocessor is also connected with a second positioning module, and the second positioning module is used for corresponding Locating with electrical equipment and its ancillary equipment.

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