CN216401698U - Shallow water floating type fan mooring system on sea - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shallow water offshore floating type draught fan mooring system which comprises a draught fan, a floating body foundation arranged below the draught fan and a plurality of groups of mooring structures arranged on the periphery of the floating body foundation, wherein each group of mooring structures comprises at least one mooring structure unit, each mooring structure unit comprises an anchor chain, a buoy assembly and a plurality of counterweight assemblies, the upper end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with the floating body foundation, and the lower end of the anchor chain is fixed on the sea bottom; the buoy assembly is fixedly arranged on the anchor chain close to the buoy foundation and used for providing vertical upward buoyancy for the anchor chain, and the buoyancy is larger than vertical downward acting force applied to the anchor chain at the position; each counterweight component is fixedly arranged on the anchor chain between the buoy component and the lower end of the anchor chain and used for providing vertical downward pulling force for the anchor chain. The shape of the anchor chain is changed by using the buoy, and the restoring force of the mooring structure is optimized; meanwhile, the anchor chain is provided with the balancing weight, so that the unit length density of the anchor chain is increased, the catenary effect is improved, the mooring rigidity is increased, the steel consumption and the length of the anchor chain can be reduced, and the manufacturing and construction cost is saved.

Description

A shallow water offshore floating wind turbine mooring system

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of offshore wind power generation, in particular to a floating fan mooring system in shallow water.

Background technique

China is rich in offshore wind resources, and the development potential of offshore wind power is more than 2 billion kilowatts, most of which are located in areas with a water depth of more than 50m. Compared with fixed wind turbines, floating wind turbines are more economical in engineering in the deep sea, and their economic advantages become more prominent as the water depth increases. Generally speaking, the sea area with a water depth of 40-60m is a shallow water area. The existing floating fan demonstration projects in my country are basically within this water depth range.

Due to the influence of water depth, the mooring structure of floating wind turbines is difficult to design in shallow water environment, which greatly increases the construction cost of floating wind turbines. In the shallow water environment, the catenary mooring scheme is difficult to form a catenary effect by relying on its own quality because the length of the anchor chain suspended in the water is too short, it is difficult to provide sufficient restoring force for the fan, and it is easy to cause the fan displacement to exceed the safe range. The tensioned mooring scheme is suitable for shallow water environment, but the cost of this scheme is high, and there is currently no domestic manufacturer that can produce synthetic ropes for permanent mooring, and has no installation experience.

In the face of the mooring problem of offshore floating wind turbines caused by the shallow water depth, the method of increasing the mooring radius of the anchor chain and increasing the unit density of the anchor chain is generally adopted, so that the length of the anchor chain suspended in the water increases and the weight becomes larger, thereby ensuring the safety of the anchor chain. The mooring structure provides sufficient restoring force when the floating wind turbine is deflected. This method requires the use of longer anchor chains, which is expensive to manufacture and more complicated to construct.

Based on the above situation, the utility model proposes a shallow water offshore floating fan mooring system, which can effectively solve the above problems.

Utility model content

In order to solve the problems of large mooring radius and small catenary effect in the shallow water floating fan catenary mooring scheme, the utility model proposes a shallow water offshore floating fan mooring system. The application scene of the utility model is in the shallow water range, the buoy is used to change the shape of the anchor chain, and the restoring force of the mooring structure is optimized; at the same time, the anchor chain is equipped with a counterweight block, which increases the density per unit length of the anchor chain, improves the catenary effect, and increases the mooring stiffness. , which can reduce the amount of steel used and the length of the anchor chain, saving manufacturing and construction costs.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model realizes through the following technical solutions:

A shallow water offshore floating wind turbine mooring system, comprising a wind turbine, a floating body foundation arranged below the wind turbine, and multiple sets of mooring structures arranged around the floating body foundation, each set of mooring structures includes at least one mooring structure unit, and each mooring structure comprises at least one mooring structure unit. Moor structural units include:

An anchor chain, the upper end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with the floating body foundation, and the lower end of the anchor chain is fixed on the seabed;

a buoy assembly, the buoy assembly is fixed on the anchor chain near the buoy foundation, and is used to provide the anchor chain with a vertical upward buoyancy force, the buoyancy force being greater than the vertical downward force on the anchor chain here; and

Several counterweight assemblies, each of which is fixed on the anchor chain between the buoy assembly and the lower end of the anchor chain, is used to provide vertical downward pulling force to the anchor chain.

Preferably, both the buoy assembly and the counterweight assembly are fixedly connected to the anchor chain through connection buckles, and the connection buckles include two symmetrically arranged buckle panels and several connections at both ends that are fixedly connected to the two buckle panels respectively. rod.

Further preferably, the buoy assembly includes a buoy, the bottom of the buoy is connected with a connecting cable, the connecting cable forms a connecting ring through an annular buckle and is connected with the connecting anchor chain, and the other end of the connecting anchor chain is fixedly connected with the anchor chain.

More preferably, the buoy is completely immersed in seawater and has a certain distance from the water surface.

Further preferably, each of the counterweight assemblies includes a counterweight block, a connecting anchor chain fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight block at one end and fixedly connected to the anchor chain at the other end.

It is further preferred that the counterweight is a solid object with a density higher than that of seawater.

Preferably, each group of the mooring structures includes two symmetrically arranged mooring structural units, and the upper ends of the two mooring structural units intersect the floating body foundation at one place.

Preferably, the anchor chain between the buoy assembly and the lower end of the anchor chain is divided into a hanging section suspended in the seawater and a laying section laid on the seabed, and several counterweight assemblies are arranged on the hanging section and the laying section.

Preferably, the upper end of the anchor chain is connected with the floating foundation through mooring equipment, so as to restrain the deflection of the floating foundation.

Preferably, the lower end of the anchor chain is fixed on the seabed through anchors or anchor piles.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The buoy assembly changes the original arrangement shape of the anchor chain, and the angle between the anchor chain and the horizontal plane between the buoy foundation and the buoy assembly becomes smaller, and the pulling force in the horizontal direction of the anchor chain increases, which can effectively improve the horizontal direction of the mooring structure. The rigidity of the floating fan can avoid excessive deflection under the action of wind and waves.

The counterweight components in the suspension section increase the density per unit length of the anchor chain, effectively improve the catenary effect of the catenary mooring structure, and increase the prestress of the anchor chain and the restoring force of the mooring structure. Avoid the tension-relaxation phenomenon and impact load of the anchor chain at low prestress, and reduce the fatigue load and ultimate load of the anchor chain.

The anchor can withstand a large horizontal pulling force, and the anchoring phenomenon is prone to occur under the action of the upward pulling force. A counterweight is installed in the lying section to increase the weight of the anchor chain, so as to prevent the anchor chain from pulling upwards on the anchor under the pulling of the floating body foundation, resulting in anchor failure.

Concrete structure can be adopted for the counterweight. Compared with the arrangement scheme using large diameter and long anchor chain, the concrete cost is cheaper and the corrosion resistance is good, which saves the construction cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the mooring structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

3 is a schematic diagram of the buoy assembly of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a counterweight assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the internal schematic diagram of the connection buckle of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the anchor chain and the connection buckle of the present invention.

Reference signs: 1. Fan; 2. Floating body foundation; 3. Mooring structure; 3-1, Anchor chain; 3-2, Buoy assembly; 3-3, Counterweight assembly; 3-4, Connection buckle; 3 -21, buoy; 3-22, connecting cable; 3-23, ring buckle; 3-24, connecting anchor chain; 3-31, counterweight; 3-41, snap panel; 3-42, connecting rod.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific examples, but it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions, and should not be construed as a description of the present invention. Restriction of patents; in order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, some well-known structures and their It is understandable that the description may be omitted. The positional relationships described in the drawings are only for exemplary illustration, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present patent.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the utility model is a shallow water offshore floating fan mooring system, which relates to the technical field of offshore wind power generation. The system includes a wind turbine 1 , a floating body foundation 2 and multiple sets of mooring structures 3 arranged around the floating body foundation 2 . The impeller of the fan 1 rotates under the action of the wind to drive the internal gearbox and the generator to rotate, converting the wind energy into electrical energy. The floating body foundation 2 provides buoyancy for the entire floating fan, ensuring that the fan does not overturn during normal operation, and the internal electrical equipment is not immersed in water. The mooring structure 3 constrains the floating wind turbine to be within a safe range of motion under the action of environmental loads such as wind, waves, and currents, and does not generate an excessive offset distance. Each group of the mooring structures 3 includes two symmetrically arranged mooring structural units, and the upper ends of the two mooring structural units intersect with the floating body foundation 2 at one point.

As shown in Fig. 2, the mooring structure unit includes an anchor chain 3-1, a buoy assembly 3-2 and a counterweight assembly 3-3. The upper end of the anchor chain 3-1 is connected with the floating body foundation 2 through mooring equipment (mooring equipment such as windlass, chain stopper, fairlead), and the lower end is fixed on the seabed through anchors or anchor piles. A buoy assembly 3-2 and a counterweight assembly 3-3 are arranged in sequence on the anchor chain 3-1. According to the actual situation of the project, you can choose to install the counterweight components 3-3 on the hanging section and the laying section of the anchor chain 3-1 respectively. The counterweight in the suspension section increases the catenary effect of the mooring structure, and the counterweight in the lying section increases the friction between the mooring structure and the mud surface and the uplift resistance of the mooring structure. The buoy assembly 3-2 is completely immersed in the water, which provides vertical upward buoyancy for the anchor chain 3-1, changes the original catenary shape of the anchor chain 3-1, reduces the angle between the top of the anchor chain and the horizontal plane, and reduces the The tension component of the anchor chain 3-1 in the vertical direction at the top mooring point can effectively improve the horizontal restoring force of the mooring structure.

Further, the anchor chain 3-1 is a steel anchor chain for marine engineering, which can be a stud anchor chain or a studless anchor chain.

As shown in FIG. 3, the buoy assembly 3-2 includes a buoy 3-21, a connecting cable 3-22, a ring buckle 3-23 and a connecting anchor chain 3-24. The buoy 3-21 is connected with the connecting cable 3-22, the shape of the buoy can be selected from spherical, square or other shapes, and the material of the connecting cable 3-22 can be selected from steel wire rope, anchor chain or composite material. The bottom of the connecting cable 3-22 forms a ring through the ring buckle 3-23, and is connected with the connecting anchor chain 3-24. The connecting hawse 3-24 is connected to the hawse 3-1 through the snap panel 3-41 and provides an upward pulling force due to buoyancy.

Further, the buoys 3-21 are completely immersed in water and have a certain distance from the water surface. The pontoon shell is a waterproof material, filled with air or inert gas, and has a certain buoyancy. The pontoon shell material can be steel or high density polyethylene or rubber material.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the counterweight assembly 3-3 includes a connecting anchor chain 3-24 and a counterweight block 3-31. The connecting anchor chain 3-24 is connected with the anchor chain 3-1 through the connecting buckle 3-4. A connecting ring is reserved in the production process of the counterweight block 3-31, and the connecting anchor chain 3-24 is connected to the counterweight block 3-31 through the connection ring. The material of the counterweight 3-31 should be much larger than the density of seawater, and generally concrete, lead blocks, etc. are used. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight 3-31 provides a vertical downward pulling force, which increases the tension of the anchor chain 3-1, which can effectively improve the unit length density of the anchor chain 3-1 and increase the catenary effect of the mooring structure 3. .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the connecting clip 3-4 includes a clip panel 3-41 and a connecting rod 3-42. The connecting clips 3-4 are made of steel, and the connecting rods 3-42 are connected to the clip panels 3-41 on both sides by casting or welding.

As shown in Figure 6, the loop hole of the anchor chain 3-1 connecting the anchor chain 3-24 passes through the connecting rod 3-42 connecting the buckle 3-4, and the buckle panels 3-41 on both sides prevent the anchor chain from falling off, so that the The structures are connected as a whole.

The whole system is in a state of hydrostatic equilibrium. Compared with the mooring structure 3 that does not use the buoy assembly 3-2 and the counterweight assembly 3-3, the shallow water offshore floating fan mooring system of the present invention is in the gravity of the counterweight assembly 3-3. Under the action, the pre-tension of the anchor chain is increased, which can effectively reduce the relaxation-tension phenomenon of the mooring structure and the impact load.

In ocean waves, the wave first exerts force on the floating body foundation 2 of the floating wind turbine, causing the floating body foundation 2 to deviate. Affected by the floating body foundation 2, the top displacement of the anchor chain 3-1 changes, and the top of the anchor chain 3-1 changes. And under the action of the anchor chain 3-1's own gravity, the mooring structure generates a restoring force to make the floating body foundation 2 return to the initial equilibrium position. Due to the use of the counterweight 3-31, compared with the use of the anchor chain 3-1 alone, the effect of gravity is significantly increased. At the same time, because the buoy 3-21 increases the angle between the top of the anchor chain 3-1 and the horizontal plane, the anchor chain is in the horizontal direction. The recovery force is increased. Therefore, the restoring force of the mooring structure 3 using the buoy assembly 3-2 and the counterweight assembly 3-3 is superior to the conventional mooring structure using only the anchor chain.

The utility model provides a floating wind turbine mooring system in shallow water. Compared with the catenary system scheme of the traditional floating wind turbine, the scheme enhances the catenary effect of the mooring structure and optimizes the mooring anchor chain. The shape of the mooring structure is beneficial to increase the restoring force and pre-tension of the mooring structure, reduce the displacement of the floating fan, and reduce the probability of relaxation-tension phenomenon and impact load of the mooring structure.

According to the description and drawings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use a shallow water offshore floating fan mooring system of the present invention, and can produce the positive effects described in the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, in this utility model, if the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. Based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore The terms describing the orientation or positional relationship in the present invention are only used for exemplary description, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, they can understand the specific terms of the above terms according to the specific situation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. meaning.

Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, in the present invention, if there are terms "arranged", "connected" and "connected", they should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral Connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a shallow water offshore floating type fan mooring system, includes fan (1), locate body basis (2) of fan (1) below and locate body basis (2) multiunit mooring structure (3) all around, its characterized in that, every group mooring structure (3) include at least one mooring structure unit, and every mooring structure unit includes:

the upper end of the anchor chain (3-1) is fixedly connected with the floating body foundation (2), and the lower end of the anchor chain (3-1) is fixed on the sea bottom;

the buoy component (3-2), the buoy component (3-2) is fixedly arranged on the anchor chain (3-1) close to the buoy foundation (2) and is used for providing vertical upward buoyancy for the anchor chain (3-1), and the buoyancy is larger than the vertical downward acting force applied to the anchor chain (3-1); and

the counterweight components (3-3) are fixedly arranged on the anchor chain (3-1) between the buoy component (3-2) and the lower end of the anchor chain (3-1) and used for providing vertical downward pulling force for the anchor chain (3-1).

2. The shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system of claim 1, wherein: the buoy component (3-2) and the counterweight component (3-3) are fixedly connected with the anchor chain (3-1) through connecting buckles (3-4), and each connecting buckle (3-4) comprises two symmetrically arranged buckle panels (3-41) and a plurality of connecting rods (3-42) of which the two ends are fixedly connected with the two buckle panels (3-41) respectively.

3. Shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the buoy component (3-2) comprises a buoy body (3-21), the bottom of the buoy body (3-21) is connected with a connecting cable (3-22), the connecting cable (3-22) forms a connecting ring through an annular buckle (3-23) to be connected with a connecting anchor chain (3-24), and the other end of the connecting anchor chain (3-24) is fixedly connected with the anchor chain (3-1).

4. The shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system of claim 3, wherein: the buoys (3-21) are completely immersed in the seawater and are at a distance from the water surface.

5. Shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: each counterweight component (3-3) comprises a counterweight block (3-31) and a connecting anchor chain (3-24) of which one end is fixedly connected with the top of the counterweight block (3-31) and the other end is fixedly connected with the anchor chain (3-1).

6. The shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system of claim 5, wherein: the balancing weight (3-31) is a solid object with the density higher than that of the seawater.

7. The shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system of claim 1, wherein: each group of mooring structures (3) comprises two symmetrically arranged mooring structure units, and the upper ends of the two mooring structure units are intersected with the floating body foundation (2) at one position.

8. The shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system of claim 1, wherein: the anchor chain (3-1) between the buoy component (3-2) and the lower end of the anchor chain (3-1) is divided into a suspension section suspended in seawater and a lying section laid on the seabed, and the suspension section and the lying section are both provided with a plurality of counterweight components (3-3).

9. The shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the anchor chain (3-1) is connected with the floating foundation through mooring equipment and used for restraining the offset of the floating foundation (2).

10. The shallow offshore floating wind turbine mooring system of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the anchor chain (3-1) is fixed on the seabed through an anchor or an anchor pile.

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