CN216374905U - Control system for offshore communication relay buoy and offshore communication relay buoy - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a control system for a marine communication relay buoy and a marine communication relay buoy. The control system comprises: a power supply unit, comprising: a battery pack; a solar charge and discharge controller connected with the battery pack; at least one solar cell A protection circuit is connected between each solar panel and the solar charge and discharge controller; the main control unit is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller; the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and is connected with the solar charge and discharge controller. The main control unit communicates; the iridium communication terminal is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit; the digital radio is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit; the GPS module, It is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and communicates with the main control unit. The relay buoy includes the control system described above. The utility model realizes the long-term continuous and stable operation of the marine communication relay buoy, and saves the cost of deployment and recovery.

Description

Control system for marine communication relay buoy and marine communication relay buoy

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine instruments, and relates to a communication relay buoy control technology, in particular to a control system for a marine communication relay buoy and a marine communication relay buoy.

Background technique

The communication relay buoy serves as the communication relay between the surface control node and the underwater information node, mainly completes the data transmission and instruction relay between the two, and can also expand the communication distance. Although the traditional maritime communication relay buoy can realize communication relay, it has the following shortcomings:

(1) The traditional maritime communication relay buoy has a single control method, it is difficult to configure after deployment, and the flexibility is low.

(2) Although the traditional maritime communication relay buoy is equipped with a simple battery charging and discharging circuit, it is very concerned about the protection of solar panels and subsequent electrical equipment, and its reliability is poor.

(3) The control system of the traditional maritime communication relay buoy is simple in function, and can only realize simple relay transmission, without judging and processing the received data, it cannot distinguish the error information generated during the transmission process, and the applicability is poor.

Utility model content

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems such as poor reliability existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a control system for a marine communication relay buoy and a marine communication relay buoy, which can solve the problems of low flexibility, low flexibility, low flexibility, and low flexibility of the traditional marine communication relay buoy control system. The problems of poor reliability and poor applicability can realize the long-term continuous and stable operation of the maritime communication relay buoy, and save the cost of deployment and recovery.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides a control system for maritime communication relay buoys, including:

Power supply unit, including:

battery pack;

Solar charge and discharge controller, connected to the battery pack;

At least one solar panel, and a protection circuit is connected between each solar panel and the solar charge and discharge controller;

The main control unit is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;

The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller and communicates with the main control unit;

The iridium communication terminal is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit;

The digital radio is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller and communicates with the main control unit;

The GPS module is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and communicates with the main control unit.

Further, it also includes a power conversion module, the power conversion module is connected between the solar charge and discharge controller and the main control unit, the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the digital radio, and the GPS module, the power conversion module. It includes the first power conversion module that converts the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 12V voltage for the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal, and the digital radio station, and converts the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable voltage. A second power conversion module that supplies power to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the GPS module with 5V.

Further, it also includes a voltage stabilization unit, and the voltage stabilization unit includes:

Slow start and surge suppression circuit, connected with solar charge and discharge controller;

The input of the DC/DC regulator is connected with the slow-start and surge suppression circuit, and the output is connected with the power conversion module.

Preferably, the protection circuit includes:

Access connector JP1 to connect with the solar panel;

Thermistor NTC1, connected in series with the access connector;

The varistor Mov1, one end is grounded, and the other end is connected with the thermistor;

Transient suppression diode TVS1, whose input is connected to the output of varistor Mov1;

Anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the transient suppression diode TVS1;

Overvoltage protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the anti-reverse connection protection circuit.

Further, the protection circuit further includes a relay KEY1, the relay KEY1 and the thermistor NTC1 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit, and one end of the varistor Mov1 is connected to the output end of the parallel circuit.

Preferably, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit includes a MOS tube Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator tube Z1, and an RC circuit composed of a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1 in series; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1; the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage regulator tube Z1, MOS tube The source of the tube Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the Zener tube Z1, and the positive pole of the Zener tube Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2; the capacitor C1 is connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected to the source of the MOS tube Q1.

Preferably, the overvoltage protection circuit includes a transistor Q2, a diode D2, a voltage divider circuit composed of a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, a voltage regulator Z2 and a capacitor C3; the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, and the transistor Q2 The emitter of the diode is grounded, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the Zener tube Z1; the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected to the resistor R2, and the resistor R4 is grounded; The voltage regulator tube Z2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C3 to form a voltage regulator circuit, and the voltage regulator circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4.

Preferably, when there are an even number of solar panels, every two panels are a group, and the two solar panels in each group are installed in parallel; when there are an odd number of solar panels, when there are 3 or more solar panels When , select any one as a group, in other solar panels, every two panels are in a group, and the two solar panels in each group are installed in parallel.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model also provides a marine communication relay buoy, comprising a sealed cabin and a control system, the control system comprising:

Power supply unit, including:

Battery pack, installed in a sealed compartment;

The solar charge and discharge controller is installed in the sealed cabin and connected to the battery pack;

At least one solar panel is installed outside the sealed cabin, and a protection circuit is connected between each solar panel and the solar charge and discharge controller;

The main control unit is installed in the sealed cabin and is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;

Temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, installed in the sealed cabin, electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit;

The iridium communication terminal is installed in the sealed cabin, electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit, and the antenna of the iridium communication terminal is located outside the sealed cabin;

The digital radio is installed in the sealed cabin, electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicates with the main control unit, and the antenna of the digital radio is set outside the sealed cabin;

The GPS module is installed in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicates with the main control unit, and the antenna of the GPS module is arranged outside the sealed cabin.

Preferably, the control system further includes a power conversion module installed in the sealed cabin, the power conversion module is connected to the solar charge and discharge controller and the main control unit, the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the digital radio, Between the GPS modules, the power conversion module includes a first power conversion module that converts the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 12V voltage to supply power to the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal, and the digital radio, and a first power conversion module that converts the solar charge The voltage output by the discharge controller is converted into a stable 5V voltage to supply the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the GPS module with power to the second power conversion module.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present utility model are:

The power supply unit of the utility model adopts at least one solar cell panel, and before the solar cell panel is connected to the solar charge and discharge controller, the solar cell panel is connected to a protection circuit to ensure the normal operation of the solar cell panel and improve the reliability of the power supply unit. When the solar energy is converted into electric energy and stored in the battery pack or directly powered, it can prolong the working time of the relay buoy, save the cost of salvage and deployment, and solve the problem of poor reliability and applicability of the traditional maritime communication relay buoy control system. , which improves the flexibility of the control system.

Description of drawings

1 is a structural block diagram of a control system for a marine communication relay buoy according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the solar cell panel according to the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

4 is a schematic diagram of an anti-reverse connection protection circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of the marine communication relay buoy according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a relay buoy for maritime communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Battery pack, 2. Solar charge and discharge controller, 3. Solar panel, 4. Protection circuit, 5. Main control unit, 6. Temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, 7. Iridium communication terminal, 8. Digital Transmission radio, 9. GPS module, 10. Slow start and surge suppression circuit, 11. DC/DC regulator, 12, switch, 13, antenna, 14, sealed cabin.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially combined in other embodiments without further recitation.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. The positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. . Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

Embodiment 1: Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the embodiment of the present utility model provides a control system for marine communication relay buoys, including:

Power supply unit, including:

battery 1;

The solar charge and discharge controller 2 is connected to the battery pack 2;

Two solar panels 3 are installed in parallel and opposite to each other, and a protection circuit 4 is connected between each solar panel and the solar charge and discharge controller 2;

The main control unit 5 is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2;

The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 6 is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2 and communicates with the main control unit 5;

The iridium communication terminal 7 is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2, and is connected with the main control unit communication 5;

The data transmission station 8 is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2 and communicates with the main control unit 5;

The GPS module 9 is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2 and communicates with the main control unit 5 .

Since the two solar panels are installed in parallel, the voltage of one of the solar panels may be higher than the other, and there is a voltage difference, which will damage the solar panel with lower voltage, reduce the service life of the solar panel, and shorten the Following the in-position working time of the buoy, in this embodiment, before the two solar panels are connected in parallel, a protection circuit is added to each solar panel to ensure the normal operation of the two solar panels, and then connected to the solar charge and discharge The controller can automatically adjust the maximum power point of the solar panel, and dynamically adjust the power supply mode in real time according to the current required by the load. If the load is light, the solar panel will supply power for the back-end load. If the load becomes larger, switch The battery pack supplies power to the back-end loads.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 3, the protection circuit includes:

Access connector JP1 to connect with the solar panel;

Thermistor NTC1, connected in series with the access connector;

The varistor Mov1, one end is grounded, and the other end is connected with the thermistor;

Transient suppression diode TVS1, whose input is connected to the output of varistor Mov1;

Anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the transient suppression diode TVS1;

Overvoltage protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the anti-reverse connection protection circuit.

The solar panel is first connected to the protection circuit, connected through the access connector JP1, and then the inrush current is suppressed by the thermistor NTC1, and then the first-level overvoltage protection is performed by the varistor Mov1, and then the transient suppression diode TVS1 is used. Realize electrostatic protection, and finally supply the solar charge and discharge controller through the anti-reverse connection protection circuit and the overvoltage protection circuit.

It should be noted that when the solar panel is connected, a large surge current will be generated. If it is not suppressed, it is likely to damage the electrical equipment at the later stage. At this time, adding the thermistor NTC1 can reduce the surge current. Limit below 10A. However, the thermistor NTC1 will consume a lot of active power, generate serious heat, and affect the service life. In order to prolong the service life of the thermistor NTC1, in a preferred embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, the protection circuit further includes a relay KEY1, the relay KEY1 and the thermistor NTC1 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit, and the varistor One end of Mov1 is connected to the output end of the parallel circuit. The thermistor NTC1 is short-circuited through the relay KEY1. At this time, most of the current will be sent to the subsequent electrical equipment through the relay KEY1 to reduce the system loss.

Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit includes a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator Z1 and an RC circuit composed of a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1 in series; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the transient suppression One end of the diode TVS1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1; the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected between the resistor R2 and the voltage regulator tube Z1 The midpoint of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the Zener transistor Z1, and the positive electrode of the Zener transistor Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2; the capacitor C1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected to the MOS transistor Q1. source. After the control system is powered on normally, the diode D2 is turned off, and the g pole (gate) of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply through the resistor R2. At this time, the Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1 > Vgs (th) (Vgs (th) is the g pole and the turn-on voltage of the s pole), the d pole (drain) and the s pole (source) of the MOS transistor Q1 are turned on, and the control system works normally. When the input power is reversely connected, the g-pole (gate) of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply through the resistor R2, and the Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1 < Vgs(th), the MOS transistor Q1 is immediately turned off to protect the electrical equipment of the later stage.

Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the overvoltage protection circuit includes a transistor Q2, a diode D2, a voltage divider circuit composed of a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, a voltage regulator Z2 and a capacitor C3; the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the diode D2 The cathode of the transistor Q2 is grounded, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the Zener tube Z1; the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected to the resistor R2 , the resistor R4 is grounded; the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a voltage regulator circuit, and the voltage regulator circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4. Since the conduction voltage of the diode D2 is about 0.6V, and the conduction voltage between the b-e electrodes of the transistor Q2 is about 0.6V, the voltage across the resistor R4 needs to be higher than 1.2V to make the transistor Q2 conduct. After the control system is powered on normally, resistor R3 and resistor R4 divide the voltage to maintain the voltage across resistor R4 at about 1V. At this time, transistor Q2 is turned off and the protection circuit does not operate. When there is an overvoltage in the control system, the voltage across the resistor R4 exceeds 1.2V, the b-e poles of the transistor Q2 are turned on, and then the c-e poles are turned on, and the voltage on one side of the resistor R2 is pulled to about 0V, and the MOS connected with it The g-pole (gate) of the transistor Q1 is pulled to about 0V. At this time, the Vgs<Vgs(th) of the MOS transistor Q1 (Vgs(th) is the turn-on voltage of the g-pole and the s-pole), and the MOS transistor Q1 is immediately turned off. The power path is cut off to protect the electrical equipment at the latter stage.

The above-mentioned control system further includes a power conversion module, which is connected between the DC/DC regulator and the main control unit, the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the digital radio, and the GPS module. The power conversion module includes a first power conversion module that converts the voltage output by the DC/DC regulator into a stable 12V voltage for the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal, and the digital radio station. The voltage is converted into a stable 5V voltage to supply the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the GPS module with power to the second power conversion module. The changing voltage of the battery pack or solar panel is converted into a stable 12V voltage and 5V voltage through the power conversion module, which is supplied to the back-end equipment. Referring to Figure 5, among the power conversion modules, the first power conversion module adopts an existing mature commercial product, product model: WCHD100-12S12M, and builds a matching circuit for the front and rear stages, including input capacitor C_MO1 and input capacitor C_MO2, and transient suppression diode TVS3 , Output capacitor C_MOS3, transient suppression diode TVS4 ~ TVS6. The second power conversion module also adopts mature commercial products, and the circuit structure is similar to that of the first power conversion module, which is not repeated here.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , the above-mentioned control system further includes a voltage stabilization unit, and the voltage stabilization unit includes:

The slow start and surge suppression circuit 10 is connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2;

The input of the DC/DC regulator 11 is connected to the slow-start and surge suppression circuit 10, and the output thereof is connected to the power conversion module.

Due to the capacitive load of the power conversion module, the peak surge current is very large at the moment of startup, which can reach 50-100A instantaneously, which is easy to damage the back-end electrical equipment. In order to ensure the normal operation of the electrical equipment at the subsequent stage, the above-mentioned voltage stabilization unit is added, and the power-on is delayed by the slow start and surge suppression circuit to reduce the peak surge current. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the slow-start and surge suppression circuits and the DC/DC voltage regulators all use mature commercial products.

The above control system of the embodiment of the present invention adopts two solar panels, and before the solar panels are connected to the solar charge and discharge controller, the solar panels are connected to a protection circuit to ensure the normal operation of the solar panels and improve the reliability of the power supply unit. When converting solar energy into electrical energy and storing it in the battery pack or directly supplying power, it can prolong the working time of the relay buoy, save the cost of salvage and deployment, and solve the reliability and problem of the traditional maritime communication relay buoy control system. The problem of poor applicability improves the flexibility of the control system.

Embodiment 2: the utility model embodiment provides a kind of marine communication relay buoy, including sealed cabin 14 and control system, and described control system includes:

Power supply unit, including:

The battery pack 1 is installed in the sealed compartment 14;

The solar charge-discharge controller 2 is installed in the sealed compartment 14 and connected to the battery pack 1;

Two solar cell panels 3, two solar cell panels 3 are installed in parallel and opposite to the outside of the sealing chamber 14, and a protection circuit 4 is connected between each solar cell panel 3 and the solar charge and discharge controller 2;

The main control unit 5 is installed in the sealed cabin 14 and is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2;

The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 6 is installed in the sealed cabin 14, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2, and communicates with the main control unit 5;

The iridium communication terminal 7 is installed in the sealed cabin 14, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2, and communicates with the main control unit 5, and the antenna 13 of the iridium communication terminal 7 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 14;

The data transmission station 8 is installed in the sealed cabin 14, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2, and communicates with the main control unit 5, and the antenna 13 of the data transmission station 8 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 14;

The GPS module 9 is installed in the sealed cabin 14 , is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2 , and communicates with the main control unit 5 . The antenna 13 of the GPS module 9 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 14 .

Since the two solar panels are installed in parallel, the voltage of one of the solar panels may be higher than the other, and there is a voltage difference, which will damage the solar panel with lower voltage, reduce the service life of the solar panel, and shorten the Following the in-position working time of the buoy, in this embodiment, before the two solar panels are connected in parallel, a protection circuit is added to each solar panel to ensure the normal operation of the two solar panels, and then connected to the solar charge and discharge The controller can automatically adjust the maximum power point of the solar panel, and dynamically adjust the power supply mode in real time according to the current required by the load. If the load is light, the solar panel will supply power for the back-end load. If the load becomes larger, switch The battery pack supplies power to the back-end loads.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 3, the protection circuit includes:

Access connector JP1 to connect with the solar panel;

Thermistor NTC1, connected in series with the access connector;

The varistor Mov1, one end is grounded, and the other end is connected with the thermistor;

Transient suppression diode TVS1, whose input is connected to the output of varistor Mov1;

Anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the transient suppression diode TVS1;

Overvoltage protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the anti-reverse connection protection circuit.

The solar panel is first connected to the protection circuit, connected through the access connector JP1, and then the inrush current is suppressed by the thermistor NTC1, and then the first-level overvoltage protection is performed by the varistor Mov1, and then the transient suppression diode TVS1 is used. Realize electrostatic protection, and finally supply the solar charge and discharge controller through the anti-reverse connection protection circuit and the overvoltage protection circuit.

It should be noted that when the solar panel is connected, a large surge current will be generated. If it is not suppressed, it is likely to damage the electrical equipment at the later stage. At this time, adding the thermistor NTC1 can reduce the surge current. Limit below 10A. However, the thermistor NTC1 will consume a lot of active power, generate serious heat, and affect the service life. In order to prolong the service life of the thermistor NTC1, in a preferred embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, the protection circuit further includes a relay KEY1, the relay KEY1 and the thermistor NTC1 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit, and the varistor One end of Mov1 is connected to the output end of the parallel circuit. The thermistor NTC1 is short-circuited through the relay KEY1. At this time, most of the current will be sent to the subsequent electrical equipment through the relay KEY1 to reduce the system loss.

Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit includes a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator Z1 and an RC circuit composed of a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1 in series; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the transient suppression One end of the diode TVS1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1; the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected between the resistor R2 and the voltage regulator tube Z1 The midpoint of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the Zener transistor Z1, and the positive electrode of the Zener transistor Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2; the capacitor C1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected to the MOS transistor Q1. source. After the control system is powered on normally, the diode D2 is turned off, and the g pole (gate) of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply through the resistor R2. At this time, the Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1 > Vgs (th) (Vgs (th) is the g pole and the turn-on voltage of the s pole), the d pole (drain) and the s pole (source) of the MOS transistor Q1 are turned on, and the control system works normally. When the input power is reversely connected, the g-pole (gate) of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply through the resistor R2, and the Vgs of the MOS transistor Q1 < Vgs(th), the MOS transistor Q1 is immediately turned off to protect the electrical equipment of the later stage.

Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the overvoltage protection circuit includes a transistor Q2, a diode D2, a voltage divider circuit composed of a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, a voltage regulator Z2 and a capacitor C3; the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the diode D2 The cathode of the transistor Q2 is grounded, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the Zener tube Z1; the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected to the resistor R2 , the resistor R4 is grounded; the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a voltage regulator circuit, and the voltage regulator circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4. Since the conduction voltage of the diode D2 is about 0.6V, and the conduction voltage between the b-e electrodes of the transistor Q2 is about 0.6V, the voltage across the resistor R4 needs to be higher than 1.2V to make the transistor Q2 conduct. After the control system is powered on normally, resistor R3 and resistor R4 divide the voltage to maintain the voltage across resistor R4 at about 1V. At this time, transistor Q2 is turned off and the protection circuit does not operate. When there is an overvoltage in the control system, the voltage across the resistor R4 exceeds 1.2V, the b-e poles of the transistor Q2 are turned on, and then the c-e poles are turned on, and the voltage on one side of the resistor R2 is pulled to about 0V, and the MOS connected with it The g-pole (gate) of the tube Q1 is pulled to about 0V. At this time, the Vgs<Vgs(th) of the MOS tube Q1 (Vgs(th) is the turn-on voltage of the g-pole and the s-pole), and the MOS tube Q1 is immediately turned off. The power path is cut off to protect the electrical equipment at the latter stage.

The above-mentioned control system also includes a power conversion module, which is connected between the solar charge and discharge controller and the main control unit, the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the digital radio, and the GPS module. It includes the first power conversion module that converts the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 12V voltage for the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal, and the digital radio station, and converts the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable voltage. A second power conversion module that supplies power to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the GPS module with 5V. The changing voltage of the battery pack or solar panel is converted into a stable 12V voltage and 5V voltage through the power conversion module, which is supplied to the back-end equipment. Referring to Figure 5, among the power conversion modules, the first power conversion module adopts an existing mature commercial product, product model: WCHD100-12S12M, and builds a matching circuit of the front and rear stages, including the input capacitor C_MO1 and input capacitor C_MO2, and the transient suppression diode TVS3 , Output capacitor C_MOS3, transient suppression diode TVS4 ~ TVS6. The second power conversion module also adopts mature commercial products, and the circuit structure is similar to that of the first power conversion module, which is not repeated here.

Continue to refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the control system further includes a voltage stabilizing unit installed in the sealed cabin, and the voltage stabilizing unit includes:

The slow start and surge suppression circuit 10 is connected to the solar charge and discharge controller 2;

The input of the DC/DC regulator 11 is connected to the slow start and surge suppression circuit 10, and the output is connected to the main control unit 5, the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 6, the iridium communication terminal 7, the digital radio 8, and the GPS module respectively. 9.

Due to the capacitive load of the power conversion module, the peak surge current is very large at the moment of startup, which can reach 50-100A instantaneously, which is easy to damage the back-end electrical equipment. In order to ensure the normal operation of the electrical equipment at the subsequent stage, the above-mentioned voltage stabilization unit is added, and the power-on is delayed by the slow start and surge suppression circuit to reduce the peak surge current. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the slow-start and surge suppression circuits and the DC/DC voltage regulators all use mature commercial products.

The control system of the relay buoy in the embodiment of the utility model adopts two solar panels, and before the solar panels are connected to the solar charge and discharge controller, the solar panels are connected to a protection circuit to ensure the normal operation of the solar panels and improve the power supply. The reliability of the unit can extend the working time of the relay buoy when it converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery pack or directly supplies power, saves the cost of salvage and deployment, and solves the problem of the traditional maritime communication relay buoy control system. The problem of poor reliability and applicability improves the flexibility of the control system.

It should be noted that, in the control system and relay buoy described in the above embodiments, the number of solar panels is not limited to 2, but can also be one, or three or more, which are specifically designed according to actual needs. It should be noted that when there are even number of solar panels, each two is a group, and the two solar panels in each group are installed in parallel; when there are odd number of solar panels, when the number of solar panels is 3 and above, select any one as a group, in other solar panels, every two panels are in a group, and the two solar panels in each group are installed in parallel.

The above-mentioned embodiments are used to explain the present utility model rather than limit the present utility model. Within the spirit of the present utility model and the protection scope of the claims, any modifications and changes made to the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the present utility model. protected range.

Claims (10)

1. a control system for maritime communication relay buoy, is characterized in that, comprises: Power supply unit, including: battery pack; Solar charge and discharge controller, connected to the battery pack; At least one solar panel, and a protection circuit is connected between each solar panel and the solar charge and discharge controller; The main control unit is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller; The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller and communicates with the main control unit; The iridium communication terminal is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit; The digital radio is electrically connected to the solar charge and discharge controller and communicates with the main control unit; The GPS module is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and communicates with the main control unit. 2. The control system for a marine communication relay buoy according to claim 1, further comprising a power conversion module, the power conversion module is connected to the solar charge and discharge controller and the main control unit, temperature, humidity and pressure Between the sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the digital radio, and the GPS module, the power conversion module includes converting the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 12V voltage to the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal, and the digital radio. The first power conversion module that supplies power and the second power conversion module that converts the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 5V voltage to supply power to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the GPS module. 3. The control system for a marine communication relay buoy according to claim 2, further comprising a voltage-stabilizing unit, the voltage-stabilizing unit comprising: Slow start and surge suppression circuit, connected with solar charge and discharge controller; The input of the DC/DC regulator is connected with the slow-start and surge suppression circuit, and the output is connected with the power conversion module. 4. The control system for a marine communication relay buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protection circuit comprises: Access connector JP1 to connect with the solar panel; Thermistor NTC1, connected in series with the access connector; The varistor Mov1, one end is grounded, and the other end is connected with the thermistor; Transient suppression diode TVS1, whose input is connected to the output of varistor Mov1; Anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the transient suppression diode TVS1; Overvoltage protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the anti-reverse connection protection circuit. 5. The control system for a marine communication relay buoy according to claim 4, wherein the protection circuit further comprises a relay KEY1, and the relay KEY1 and the thermistor NTC1 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit, and the voltage One end of the varistor Mov1 is connected to the output end of the parallel circuit. 6. The control system for a marine communication relay buoy according to claim 4, wherein the anti-reverse connection protection circuit comprises a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator Z1 and a capacitor C1 An RC circuit formed in series with a resistor R1; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the Zener tube Z1; the drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, The gate of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the Zener transistor Z1, the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the Zener transistor Z1, and the positive pole of the Zener transistor Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2; the capacitor C1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1. 7. The control system for a marine communication relay buoy according to claim 6, wherein the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a transistor Q2, a diode D2, a voltage divider circuit consisting of a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, Zener tube Z2 and capacitor C3; the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is grounded, and the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the Zener tube Z1; the positive pole of the diode D2 is connected The midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected to the resistor R2, and the resistor R4 is grounded; the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a voltage regulator circuit, and the voltage regulator circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4. 8 . The control system for marine communication relay buoys according to claim 1 , wherein when there are even-numbered solar panels, every two panels are a group, and the two solar panels in each group are connected in parallel. 9 . Installation settings; when there are an odd number of solar panels, when there are 3 or more solar panels, select any one as a group, and in other solar panels, every two is a group, and two in each group Solar panels installed in parallel setup. 9. a marine communication relay buoy, is characterized in that, comprises sealed cabin and control system, and described control system comprises: Power supply unit, including: Battery pack, installed in a sealed compartment; The solar charge and discharge controller is installed in the sealed cabin and connected to the battery pack; At least one solar panel is installed outside the sealed cabin, and a protection circuit is connected between each solar panel and the solar charge and discharge controller; The main control unit is installed in the sealed cabin and is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller; Temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, installed in the sealed cabin, electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit; The iridium communication terminal is installed in the sealed cabin, electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicated with the main control unit, and the antenna of the iridium communication terminal is located outside the sealed cabin; The digital radio is installed in the sealed cabin, electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicates with the main control unit, and the antenna of the digital radio is set outside the sealed cabin; The GPS module is installed in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, and communicates with the main control unit, and the antenna of the GPS module is arranged outside the sealed cabin. 10 . The marine communication relay buoy according to claim 9 , wherein the control system further comprises a power conversion module, which is installed in the sealed cabin, and the power conversion module is connected to the solar charge and discharge controller and the main controller. 11 . unit, temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, iridium communication terminal, digital radio, GPS module, the power conversion module includes converting the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 12V voltage to the main control unit, iridium communication The terminal, the first power conversion module powered by the digital radio station, and the second power conversion module that converts the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 5V voltage to supply power to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the GPS module.

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