CN216240788U - Pre-control top retaining wall protection type mechanized upward high-layering filling system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pre-control top-retaining wall type mechanized upward high-layering filling system, which divides a stope into a plurality of ore sections from bottom to top, divides any one ore section into a plurality of ore layers from bottom to top, adopts high-layering and layer-by-layer stoping from bottom to top, fills the ore layers after the stoping of the ore layers is finished, and adopts a long anchor rope as a support for the top ore layer plate of the uppermost layer which finishes the stoping after 3 to 4 ore layers are continuously stoped. Through the mode, the utility model combines the traditional upward layered filling method and the segmented filling method to change the height of the single layer into the height layer (the height of the double layer), thereby reducing the whole supporting cost and the engineering quantity, improving the production capacity of the stope, accelerating the production efficiency and shortening the operation cycle time of the stope.

Description

Pre-controlled top-retaining wall-type mechanized upward-to-high layered filling system

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground mine mining, in particular to a mechanized upward-to-high layered filling system of a pre-control jacking and retaining wall type.

Background technique

In the field of mining, especially for the ore body with complex mining conditions, such as the two-step inter-pillar stope. When the two-step stope is mined, there are backfills on both sides. At the same time, the two-step stope is affected by the bleeding of the backfill and the insufficient strength of the backfill in the one-step stope. The strength of the backfill in the one-step stope is not enough to support the stability of the entire two-step stope, resulting in extremely poor mining safety conditions in the two-step stope. That is to say, because the quality of the backfill body in the one-step stope does not meet the standard, the backfill body collapses, resulting in the failure of the one-step backfill body to meet the mining requirements of the two-step process. The current traditional mining methods are difficult to adapt to this kind of ore body mining.

The prior art provides a layered and segmented combined mining method for broken ore body interlayers. The mining method sequentially divides panels and inter-panel columns along the direction of the broken ore body interlayers, and sequentially divides a step in the vertical direction of each panel area. Mine stope, two-step pillar stope. The horizontal direction of the stope of the one-step mine is composed of two parallel paths, and the number of paths in the vertical direction is determined by the height of the section. After the mining and filling of the one-step stope of the mine house in the panel is completed, it is transferred to the two-step pillar stope mining. The two sides of the two-step stope are the one-step cemented filling bodies, and the second-step pillar stope is pre-reinforced with long anchor cables. Efficient mining method for subsequent filling of segmented open fields in downward parallel deep holes. Although this method uses long anchor cables to pre-reinforce the two-step pillar stope, and adopts the method of segmented mining and filling, which improves the efficiency and safety of the two-step pillar stope mining to a certain extent, but This method of mining and filling still adopts the traditional method, and its mining efficiency has not been substantially improved, and the strength of the filling body is poor, which brings certain safety hazards to the operators.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a two-step mechanized up-filling mining system with simple structure, strong safety, high recovery efficiency and strong production capacity.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the above problems, the present utility model provides a pre-control top-retaining wall-type mechanized upward-to-high layered filling system, which divides the stope into several ore sections from bottom to top, and separates any ore section from the bottom to the top. It is divided into several ore layers from bottom to top, and the bottom-up high-layer mining is adopted layer by layer, and the ore layer is filled after the mining of the ore layer is completed. The roof is supported by long anchor cables. Therefore, combined with the traditional upward layered filling method and sub-layered filling method, the height of "single layer" is changed to "high layer (double layer height)", which reduces the overall support cost and engineering quantity, and improves the mining efficiency. The production capacity of the stope is improved, and the production efficiency is accelerated, and the operation cycle time of the stope is shortened.

For realizing the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:

A pre-control top-retaining wall-type mechanized upward high-layered filling system adopts the two-step mechanized upward-to-high layered filling mining method of the pre-control top-retaining wall type, comprising a plurality of stopes arranged in parallel, setting The mine wall on the outer peripheral wall of the stope, the roof set on the top of the stope, and the long anchor cable pre-controlled roof support set on the top of the roof;

Any one of the stopes includes a number of ore sections arranged in sections from bottom to top, any one of the ore sections includes a number of ore layers arranged in layers from bottom to top, and three adjacent ore layers arranged in sequence from bottom to top. Sections form a mining hierarchy.

Further, any one of the ore layers includes a lower filling area and an upper filling area arranged at the top of the lower filling area; the lower filling area is used for filling a cemented filling body with a low strength ratio, and the upper filling area is It is used to fill cemented fillings with high strength ratios.

Further, the bottom ends of the three mining sections of the lowermost mining strata are provided with a lower wall along the vein transportation road along the horizontal direction, and the lower wall along the vein transportation road passes through the mining area slope arranged in the inclined direction. One end of the three groups of the lowermost group of the lower wall conveying lanes along the veins, which is far away from the mining area, is communicated through the chute arranged in the vertical direction.

Further, a middle section transport roadway is provided at the connection position of the lower wall along the vein transportation road at the upper and lower ends of the mining stratum and the mining area ramp, and the middle section transportation roadway and the lower wall are transported along the vein. The lanes are located in the same plane and are arranged in a vertical state with each other; at the connection position of the lower wall along the vein transport lane and the mining area ramp at the middle position of the mining stratum, there is a segmented transport lane. The sectional transportation roadway is communicated with the lower wall along the vein transportation roadway; a layered communication road is arranged between the ore seam, the middle-section transportation roadway and the sectional transportation roadway.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

1. The pre-controlled top-retaining wall-type mechanized up-to-high layered filling system of the present invention divides the stope into several ore sections from bottom to top, and divides any ore section into several ore layers from bottom to top , adopt bottom-up high-layered mining layer by layer, and fill the ore layer after the mining layer is completed. When 3 to 4 layers of ore layers are continuously recovered, the top plate of the uppermost layer of the ore layer after mining is completed. Long anchor cable is used as a support protect. Therefore, combined with the traditional upward layered filling method and sub-layered filling method, the height of "single layer" is changed to "high layer (double layer height)", which reduces the overall support cost and engineering quantity, and improves the mining efficiency. The production capacity of the stope is improved, and the production efficiency is accelerated, and the operation cycle time of the stope is shortened.

2. The pre-control top-retaining wall-type mechanized up-to-high layered filling system of the present invention is used to mine the two-step stope back and forth by setting the mine wall of the corresponding thickness in the stope, thereby maintaining the overall stability of the two-step stope. , while reducing the impact of insufficient strength of the one-step stope filling.

3. The pre-controlled top-retaining wall-type mechanized up-to-high layered filling system of the present invention reinforces the roof by using long anchor cables as the supporting method of the pre-controlled roof, so as to realize the pre-controlled reconstruction of the roof and construct a high-rise building. Roof environment for safe operation in layered stopes.

4. The pre-control top-retaining wall-type mechanized up-to-high layered filling system of the present invention reduces the filling cost by using different filling bodies for filling the same ore layer, and the bottom of the ore layer can use a filling body with a low strength ratio For filling, the upper part of the ore seam adopts the high-strength cemented filling body pouring surface as the working platform of the scraper to construct the working conditions of upward horizontal high-layer filling.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the pre-control top retaining wall type mechanized upward high layered filling system of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pre-controlled top long anchor cable support of the pre-controlled top retaining wall-type mechanized upward high layered filling system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional schematic diagram along II-II direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the sectional schematic diagram along III-III direction in Fig. 1;

5 is a schematic flow chart of the pre-controlled top retaining wall-type mechanized upward-to-high layered filling method of the present invention;

The marks of the parts in the drawings are as follows: 11, bottom column; 12, inter-column; 13, water filtering well; 14, horizontal blasthole; 15, filling and return air well; 16, long anchor cable; 17, filling body; 18, ore body; 20, ore section; 21, ore seam; 22, mine wall; 23, transport road in the middle section; 24, chute; 28. Layered contact road; 29. Stope contact road.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, so that the protection scope of the present utility model can be more clearly defined. . Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a pre-controlled top retaining wall type mechanized upward high layered filling system 100 includes several stopes arranged in parallel, a mine wall 22 arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stope, and a stope arranged in the stope. The roof at the top and the long anchor cable 16 arranged at the top of the roof pre-control the roof support. The thickness of the mine wall 22 is set to be 2-3 m, so as to maintain the overall stability of the two-step stope, and at the same time reduce the influence of insufficient strength of the one-step stope filling body 17 . The long anchor cable 16 pre-controlled roof support can strengthen the roof to realize the pre-controlled reconstruction of the roof and build a roof environment for safe operation in high-layer stopes. In particular, the height of the pre-controlled top support of the long anchor cable 16 is the height of 3 to 4 mine layers 21, and the mesh size of the pre-controlled top support of the long anchor cable 16 is set to 3.0×2.5m. That is, the row spacing of the anchor cables is 3.0m, and the spacing is 2.5m, and the mining operation of the next layer 21 can be carried out after confirming the safety of the stope support.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4 , in some embodiments, any stope includes several ore sections 20 arranged in sections from bottom to top, and any ore section 20 includes several ore layers 21 arranged in layers from bottom to top. In particular, the height of the ore section 20 is 20m, and the height of the ore layer 21 is 4-6m. The height of the layered control roof is 6-8m, and the mining height of the bottom layer 21 is 6-8m.

The layered filling height of the ore bed 21 is 2-3m, and cemented filling is performed after each upper layer mining is completed. Any one of the mineral layers 21 includes a lower backfill area and an upper backfill area provided at the top of the lower backfill area. The lower filling area is used for filling the cemented filling body 17 with a low strength ratio, and the upper filling area is used for filling the cemented filling body 17 with a high strength ratio. Using different filling bodies 17 to fill the same ore layer 21 can reduce the filling cost. The bottom of the ore layer 21 can be filled with a filling body 17 with a low strength ratio, and the upper part of the ore layer 21 can be filled with a high-strength cemented filling body 17 pouring surface as the working platform of the scraper to construct the working conditions of upward horizontal and high layered filling.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4 , in some embodiments, the three adjacent ore sections 20 located at the bottom constitute the mining level of the lower wall, and the bottom ends of the three ore sections 20 located in the same mining level are provided along the horizontal direction with The lower wall along the vein transportation road 26, the lower wall along the vein transportation road 26 is connected by the mining area ramp 25 set along the inclined direction, so as to realize the communication of each mining section 20. The ends of the lowermost three groups of lower-wall along-vein transport lanes 26 that are far away from the mining area are communicated through a chute 24 arranged in the vertical direction. The chute 24 is arranged every 100-150m outside the vein.

A middle section transport road 23 is provided at the connection position of the lower wall along the vein transport road 26 at the upper and lower ends of the mining stratum and the mining area slope 25, and the middle section transport road 23 is communicated with the lower wall along the vein transport road 26, so as to connect different mining areas. Field connectivity. At the connection position of the lower wall along-vein transport road 26 at the middle position of the mining level and the mining area slope 25, a sub-section transport road 27 is provided, and the sub-section transport road 27 communicates with the lower wall along the vein transport road. A layered communication road 28 is provided between the mine seam 21 , the middle section transportation road 23 and the subsection transportation roadway 27 , so as to connect the stope with the subsection transportation roadway 27 . Each stope is connected with the transportation lane 26 along the vein of the lower wall through the stope connection road 29 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4 , and referring to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the top end of the ore body 18 is provided with a filling and return air shaft 15 along the vertical direction. The left ends of the stope are provided with water filtering wells 13 . Fresh air enters the stope from the bottom end of the water filtering well 13 to clean the working face. At the same time, the dirty air is returned to the upper and middle return air lanes from the filling return air shaft 15 . Local fans can be used to assist ventilation in the stope to ensure a good working environment.

As shown in FIG. 5 , a two-step mechanized upward high-layered filling mining method using the above-mentioned pre-controlled jacking and retaining wall-type mechanized up-to-high-layered filling system, comprising the following steps:

S1. The second-step inter-column 12 is divided into several stopes, and a mine wall 22 is set between two adjacent stopes.

In this step, the width of the retaining column 12 is set to 4-6m, the stope is arranged along the trend of the ore body 18, the length of the stope is set to 40m, its width is set to 12m, and the thickness of the mine wall 22 is 2 ~3m.

S2. Divide any stope into several ore sections 20 from bottom to top, and divide any ore section 20 into several ore layers 21 from bottom to top.

In this step, the stope is divided into upper, middle and lower mining strata from top to bottom, and the height of a single mining stratum is 40-60m. Each mining tier includes a plurality of blocks 20 . The height of the ore section 20 is 20m, and the height of the ore layer 21 is 4-6m. When the stope mining exceeds 2 to 3 ore layers 21, the adjacent stope can be mined. The bottom end of the stope is provided with a bottom column 11, the height of the bottom column 11 is set to 6m, and no top column is provided.

S3. Cut the stope, and set up pre-control roof support at the upper and higher layered roof of the stope.

In this step, the pre-control top support is the long anchor cable 16 pre-control top support, the height of the long anchor cable 16 pre-control top support is the height of 3 to 4 mine layers 21, and the long anchor cable 16 is pre-controlled The mesh size of the top support is set to 3.0 × 2.5m. That is, the row spacing of the anchor cables is 3.0m, and the spacing is 2.5m, and the mining operation of the next layer 21 can be carried out after confirming the safety of the stope support.

S4, mining the ore layer 21 located in the lowest layer.

S5 , backfill the ore seam 21 after the last mining, and after the filling is completed, carry out the mining of the ore seam 21 located one layer above the ore seam 21 .

In this step, the mining adopts the method of comprehensive mining along the direction of the ore body 18, and carries out high-layer-by-layer mining from bottom to top. 6 to 8m.

The mining process includes two stages: rock drilling and blasting. Specifically, the Boomer 281 full hydraulic rock drilling rig is used to mechanically and intelligently drill the horizontal blasthole 14 to improve the rock drilling efficiency. The top pressing adopts a matte surface to control blasting to ensure the flatness and stability of the top plate. After the rock drilling is completed, clean the blasthole, use artificial charge, and use 2# rock explosive as the explosive. The detonator fires the detonating tube detonator, and the detonating tube detonator detonates the detonating cord, which is detonated by the detonating cord and laid in each blasthole. The detonator detonator, detonates the explosive.

In mining, the ore is transported by the scraper. The scraper enters the stope from the sectional transport lane 27 through the layered communication road 28 to load the ore. . When the stope runner 24 is exposed, the ore is extracted from the runner 24 in the vein.

In this step, a graded filling method is adopted for each ore layer 21, and the filling height is 2-3m, so as to reserve 2-3m of recovery space for the next ore layer 21. The bottom of the ore layer 21 is filled with cemented filling body 17 with low strength ratio; the top of the ore layer 21 is filled with cemented filling body 17 with high strength ratio, and the filling height is 0.5-1 m. The upper part of the ore bed 21 adopts the pouring surface of the high-strength cemented filling body 17 as the working platform of the scraper, and constructs the working conditions of upward-level and high-layered filling.

Filling is to carry out filling preparation and filling operation according to filling requirements after the ore of each ore layer 21 is cleaned up. The backfill retaining wall is built in the layered contact roadway, and the backfill pipeline enters the stope from the backfill air well 15 of each stope for backfilling, and a working space of 2-3m is reserved. The waste rock excavated underground can be filled in the goaf nearby, and the waste rock in the stope can be filled in the stope.

S6. Step S5 is repeated until the mining of 3 to 4 mineral layers 21 is completed continuously.

S7. Pre-control roof support is arranged on the roof of the uppermost ore layer 21 after the mining is completed.

In this step, the long anchor cable 16 is used for the pre-control top support, and after the mining of 3 to 4 layers 21 is completed, the long anchor cable 16 is installed for the pre-control top support, which can ensure the safety of the mining and filling process. sex.

S8. Repeat steps S5, S6, and S7 in sequence until mining reaches the roof of the stope.

The above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be used for the foregoing implementation. The technical solutions described in the examples are modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present utility model, or directly or indirectly used in other related The technical field of the present invention is similarly included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a pre-control top retaining wall-type mechanized upward high layered filling system is characterized in that, comprising several stopes arranged in parallel, a mine wall (22) arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the stope, The roof at the top of the stope, and the long anchor cable (16) pre-controlled roof support arranged at the top of the roof; Any one of the stopes includes a number of ore sections (20) arranged in sections from bottom to top, and any one of the ore sections (20) includes a number of ore layers (21) arranged from bottom to top in layers, from bottom to top Three adjacent said ore sections (20) arranged in sequence constitute a mining stratum. 2. The pre-control top retaining wall-type mechanized upward high-layered filling system according to claim 1, wherein any one of the ore layers (21) comprises a lower filling area, and is arranged in the lower filling area The upper filling area at the top of the upper filling area; the lower filling area is used for filling the cemented filling body (17) with low strength ratio, and the upper filling area is used for filling the cement filling body (17) with high strength ratio. 3. The pre-controlled top-retaining wall-type mechanized up-to-high layered filling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the bottom ends of the three mining sections (20) of the lowest mining layer are located at the bottom The lower wall along the vein transportation lane (26) is arranged along the horizontal direction, and the lower wall along the vein transportation lane (26) is connected by the mining area ramp (25) arranged along the inclined direction; One end of the disk along the vein transport road (26) away from the mining area is communicated through a chute (24) arranged in the vertical direction. 4. The pre-controlled top-retaining wall-type mechanized upward high layered filling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the lower wall along the vein transportation roadway (26) located at the upper and lower ends of the mining layer and the A middle section transportation road (23) is provided at the connection position of the slope road (25) in the mining area. The vertical state is arranged; a sectioned transportation road (27) is provided at the connection position of the lower wall along the vein transportation road (26) and the mining area ramp (25) at the middle position of the mining stratum. The sectional transportation roadway (27) is communicated with the lower wall along the vein transportation roadway (26); the ore seam (21) is arranged between the middle section transportation roadway (23) and the sectional transportation roadway (27). There are tiered contact channels (28).

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