SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the existing prototype of the thermoelectric conversion device, under the background of a personal thermal management control device based on the Peltier effect, which is developed by people, a core component can exert the maximum energy efficiency, the temperature adjustable range is maximized, the specific selection of a thermoelectric module and a small heat dissipation fan is determined through simulation and experimental data, the distribution and the structure of fins of a heat dissipation plate are determined, the main body packaging structure, the air inlet and the air outlet of the device are determined, and a set of portable thermoelectric energy conversion module with the optimal energy efficiency is combined. The layout of the hose in the garment is designed by combining a micro blower, and a personal thermal comfort device with controllable temperature is designed.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect comprises a thermoelectric module, a cooling fan, an external packaging module, a micro blower and a micro hose network; the heat and cold sides of the thermoelectric module are respectively attached with a heat dissipation plate, the thermoelectric module and the heat dissipation fan form an integrated structure through an external packaging module with a channel, the integrated structure is a thermoelectric conversion device, one end of the device is connected with a micro air blower, and the other end of the device is connected with a micro hose network; the micro blower provides cold or hot air flow and leads to the clothes designed with the micro hose network, and provides the needed heat source or cold source for the whole body of the human body.
Furthermore, the thermoelectric module comprises a three-layer structure, a middle layer monomer is formed by connecting a thermocouple formed by a bismuth telluride semiconductor and a flow deflector in series, and two sides of the middle layer are provided with alumina ceramic layers.
Furthermore, the size of the heat radiation fan is matched with that of the thermoelectric module, and the heat radiation fan is provided with a plurality of fan blades.
Further, the heat dissipation plate comprises a hot side heat dissipation plate and a cold side heat dissipation plate;
the material of the heat dissipation plate at the hot side is red copper, and the flaky fins are straight-through type;
the cold-side heat dissipation plate is an aluminum or copper heat dissipation plate, and the fins of the heat dissipation plate are divided into straight-through type one-row, four-row and multi-row dense teeth; the thickness optimization range of the cold-side radiating plate fins is 0.5-1.5mm, and the distance optimization range is 0.5-1.5 mm.
Furthermore, the whole size of the hot-side heat dissipation plate is 40 × 11mm, the base is 3mm thick, and the thickness of each base is 0.5 mm;
the fins of the cold-side heat dissipation plate are four rows of fins, the thickness of the fins is 0.8mm, and the distance between the fins is 0.6 mm.
Further, the external packaging module comprises a device main frame package, and an external airflow air inlet, a packaging rear cover and an air outlet which are respectively communicated with two sides of the device main frame package;
the external airflow air inlet comprises a circular hole cylinder air inlet 4 of a circular hole cylinder, a rectangular main frame and air inlet connecting body 5, a smooth curved surface 6, a preformed hole 7 and an inner side air inlet 8; the air inlet 4 is connected with the main frame and the connecting body 5 of the air inlet through a smooth curved surface 6; two ends of two adjacent side surfaces of the main frame and the connecting body 5 of the air inlet are provided with reserved holes 7, and linear positions are reserved for the thermoelectric module; in addition, the bottom surface of one side of the main frame and air inlet connecting body 5 is also provided with an inner side air inlet 8;
the device is characterized in that the device main frame is packaged into a shell structure, the top end of the device main frame is provided with a round small fan air outlet 12, the left side surface and the right side surface of the device main frame are symmetrically provided with second hot side heat dissipation plate heat dissipation ventilation openings 16, and the rear side surface of the device main frame is sequentially provided with a small fan line position hole 13, a first hot side heat dissipation plate heat dissipation ventilation opening 15, two horizontally symmetrically arranged thermoelectric module line position holes 14 and a corresponding opening 17 of an inner side air inlet 8 from top to bottom; the front side of the device main frame package is a front side shell 10, and the front side is an open end face; the interior of the device main frame package is divided into an upper side and a lower side through a hot side heat dissipation plate and a small fan interval 11; the upper side is provided with a heat radiation main cavity body of a heat radiation plate at the hot side and an air outlet of a heat radiation fan; the lower side is provided with a heat exchange main cavity body of a cold side heat dissipation plate;
lid and air outlet behind the encapsulation are including the lid after the encapsulation, connect smooth curved surface 20, round hole post air outlet 21, and the lid designs into the bilayer after above-mentioned encapsulation, and the side direction cross-section is type L casing, and the block of type L casing vertical face one side is on front shell 10, and the protruding rectangle end in type L casing vertical face opposite side bottom is through connecting smooth curved surface 20 and connecting round hole post air outlet 21, and in addition, still open the corresponding mouth 22 of first hot side heating panel heat dissipation vent 15 on type L casing vertical face opposite side.
Further, the micro hose network comprises a Y-type topology of a bifurcated type or an O-type topology of a surrounding type.
The technical effects of the utility model are that:
the device has six components, namely a thermoelectric module based on the Peltier effect, a selected thermoelectric module has a three-layer structure, a middle layer monomer is formed by connecting a thermocouple formed by a bismuth telluride semiconductor and a flow deflector in series, and the bismuth telluride semiconductor has natural anisotropy and is a very good thermoelectric material with wide application. And the two sides of the middle layer are provided with the alumina ceramic layers, so that the heat conductivity, the mechanical strength and the high-temperature resistance are better. The cold source is provided for cooling in summer, and the effect is obvious.
The size of the cooling fan is matched with that of the thermoelectric module, the fan has a plurality of fan blades as many as possible, the rotating speed of the fan under high power is high, the air volume is large, the temperature difference delta T between the hot side and the cold side of the thermoelectric module is in direct proportion to the input voltage (delta T is in direct proportion to V), the temperature difference delta T is larger when the voltage is larger, the heat is fully dissipated to the hot side of the cooling plate, namely, the cooling effect of the cold side is better, and the temperature of the cold side can reach 7.8 ℃.
And thirdly, the heat dissipation plates on the two sides are hot-cold, in order to enable the temperature of the cold side to reach lower temperature, the heat dissipation plate on the hot side needs to fully dissipate heat, red copper material is selected for use, the whole size is 40X 11mm, the thickness of the base is 3mm, 25 fins are selected, and the thickness of each fin is 0.5 mm. When the input voltage is 4.5V and the current is 2.37A, the temperature of the hot side can be reduced to 30.5 ℃ after passing through the heat dissipation plate. The cold side stores cold energy through aluminium matter heating panel, and the cold side heating panel is four rows of fins, thick 0.8mm, interval 0.6mm, and is little and can store a large amount of cold energy to the wind speed influence of outside air current.
And fourthly, an external packaging module is used for packaging the thermoelectric module, the heat dissipation plate and the heat dissipation fan into a simple thermoelectric energy conversion device, the module is integrated, an external airflow air inlet and an external airflow air outlet and each device routing and heat dissipation ventilation openings are designed, the thermoelectric conversion device is portable and detachable after packaging, the external airflow circularly flows in the shell through the design of the staggered L-shaped shell, and the cold measurement energy storage can be fully taken away by the external airflow.
And fifthly, the micro air blower is provided with an external air flow providing device, the air quantity is large, the air speed is adjustable, and wind energy can be supplied for the device to operate.
And the cold energy generated by the thermoelectric module is stored in the packaging shell through the cold measuring heat dissipation plate, and then is provided with external air flow by the micro air blower, and the cold flow is blown to the special clothes woven with the micro hose network for cooling the human body so as to meet the requirement of improving the comfort level of the human body. The human chest, back temperature sensing are more sensitive, provide Y type topological structure of forked form and the O type topological structure of surrounding type, and hose network mainly flows through chest and back, and the cooling effect is obvious.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a personal thermal comfort device based on peltier effect (take summer refrigeration as an example, also can realize heating winter), mainly include:
(1) and a proper thermoelectric module based on the Peltier effect is selected to meet the indexes of the personal heat management device such as size, voltage, power, working temperature and the like.
(2) And a cooling fan matched with the size of the thermoelectric module is selected, so that the indexes of the personal heat management device such as volume, power, wind speed and the like are met.
(3) The hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric module are respectively attached with a heat dissipation plate. And determining parameters such as the material of the heat dissipation plates on the two sides of the module, the layout and the size of the fins and the like. The method comprises the following steps: and manufacturing a geometric model of the heat dissipation plate by utilizing UG software, and performing CFD simulation and optimization on the heat dissipation effect by utilizing Fluent software. And determining parameters according to the optimization result.
(4) And (4) according to the sizes of the components selected from (1) to (3), packaging the device by using a 3D printing technology. And thermal management indexes such as portability, detachability and excellent energy efficiency are met.
(5) The micro blower is arranged outside the device, and provides external air flow through the hose, so that the indexes of portability, power, air volume and the like are met.
(6) And the network layout of the miniature hose is designed to meet the optimal index of the energy efficiency of the device.
In the design process (1), the Peltier effect is based on the principle that a pair of thermocouples is formed by N, P type semiconductor materials, and when direct current is introduced into the thermocouples, heat absorption and heat release phenomena are generated at the junctions of the thermocouples due to different introduction directions of the direct current. As shown in fig. 1.
The thermoelectric module based on the Peltier effect is composed of three layers (shown in figure 2), wherein a first aluminum oxide ceramic layer and a second aluminum oxide ceramic layer are arranged on two sides (shown in figures 1 and 3), and a middle layer single body 2 is formed by connecting a thermocouple formed by a bismuth telluride semiconductor and a flow deflector with good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity in series (shown in figure 2). Thermoelectric modules in personal thermal management devices need to meet parameter requirements: length, width, thickness, 40, (3-4) mm, working current less than 12A, rated voltage less than 24V, maximum power: 80-150W, and the working temperature range is as follows: -55 ℃ to 80 ℃.
Comparing three Peltier effect thermoelectric modules meeting the conditions, namely ZT8-12-F1-4040 type, TEC1-12706 type and TEC1-12710 type. The TEC1-12710 type thermoelectric module has the largest refrigerating power which can reach 120W, the temperature difference between two sides is above 58 ℃, and the lowest temperature of a cold side is measured to be as low as 7.2 ℃ by experiments, so that a sufficient cold source can be provided for the device. TEC1-12710 type thermoelectric module external dimension 40 x 3.4 mm; the internal resistance is 1.2-1.5 omega; the operating current IMAX is 10A (at 15VMAX voltage start); rated voltage DC12V (VMAX 15.5V); the temperature range of the working environment is-55-83 ℃. All meet the design requirements.
In the design process (2), in order to make the whole device compact in structure and convenient to package, the size of the cooling fan should be matched with the thermoelectric module, and the specific size requirement is as follows: length, width, 40 mm. Other parameters require: direct-current voltage: 12V, current is less than 1A, fan rotational speed is greater than 10000RPM, work humidity range: 45 to 85 percent. The fan should have the configuration shown in fig. 3.
Compared with three types of cooling fans, the three types of cooling fans are LFFAN-LFS0412SL (DC:12V 0.30A), TELTA-AFB0412SHB (DC:12V 0.35A) and SAN ACE40-9GV0412P3J11(DC:12V 0.60A), wherein the TELTA-AFB0412SHB (DC:12V 0.35A) is provided with seven fan blades, the appearance size is 40 x 15mm, 12V direct current power supply is adopted, the cooling fan can work in an environment with the relative humidity of 45% -85%, sufficient cooling air volume and air pressure are provided, the air volume is large (14.83CFM), the working noise is small, and the rotating speed of the fan can reach 11000 RPM. Each parameter meets the design requirements.
In the designing process (3), the temperature difference Δ T between the sides of the thermoelectric module is proportional to the input voltage (Δ T ∞ V). In summer, the thermoelectric module needs to store energy on the cold side and dissipate heat on the hot side. The design of the heat dissipation plates on the hot side and the cold side adopts the following different methods.
The heat dissipation plate at the hot side is mainly used for quickly and fully cooling. The material is red copper, the flaky fin is straight-through, and other design parameters are as follows: overall size 40 x 11mm, base thickness 3mm, 25 fins, each thickness 0.5 mm. The structure of which is shown in fig. 4.
The cold side needs to store sufficient cold energy, and its topology and size are critical factors. The parameters of the cold side cold plate selection (plate size and fin layout) were optimized using fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. The method comprises the following basic steps: and manufacturing a geometric model of the heat dissipation plate by utilizing UG software, and performing CFD simulation and optimization on the heat dissipation effect by utilizing Fluent software. The optimization parameters comprise three aspects of the layout, the thickness and the distance of the fins of the heat dissipation plate, wherein the layout is divided into three types: straight-through type one-row, four-row and multi-row dense teeth; the optimized range of the thickness of the fins is 0.5-1.5mm, and the optimized range of the spacing is 0.5-1.5 mm. The optimization target is that the cold measurement energy storage effect is optimal. The results show that: the four rows of fins, the heat dissipation plates with the thickness of 0.8mm and the distance of 0.6mm can ensure that the temperature of the airflow at the air outlet is the lowest. The comparison shows that the energy storage effects of the aluminum and copper heat dissipation plates are not greatly different, and the aluminum heat dissipation plate structure shown in figure 5 is selected by considering the cost factor, and the overall size is 40 × 11 mm.
In the design process (4), ABS consumables are selected for 3D printing; the designed external packaging module comprises three parts: an external airflow air inlet, a device main frame package, a package rear cover and an air outlet.
The external air inlet part is shown in figure 6, and the specific sizes are as follows:
4-round hole cylinder air inlet, inner diameter 7mm, outer diameter 11mm, wall thickness 2mm, cylinder length 13mm, air inlet deflection one
The lateral distance is 8mm from the center;
5, a connector of the main frame and the air inlet is 8.5mm in total width and 2mm in wall thickness, so that the middle of the material is saved;
6, smooth curved surface, the wall thickness is 2 mm;
7-preformed holes, wherein the two ends of the connecting part of the air inlet and the main frame are 5.5mm away from the edge, the preformed holes with the diameter of 3.2mm are formed, the hole depth is 6mm, and linear positions are reserved for the thermoelectric module;
8-an inner air inlet which penetrates through 5 and is communicated with 4 and 6, has the length of 32mm and the width of 9mm, is tangent with the semi-circular arcs with the diameters of 9mm at two sides,
the cylinder body of the round hole at the same side as the air inlet deflects to the same side and is 2.8mm away from the bottom; 3mm from the edge.
The packaging part of the main frame of the device is shown in figure 7. The upper side of the part is provided with a heat radiation main cavity body of a heat radiation plate at the hot side and an air outlet of a heat radiation fan; the lower side of the part is provided with a heat exchange main cavity of a cold-side heat dissipation plate. The specific parameters are as follows:
main frame 47 × 50 mm; 9-side shell, left and right wall thickness 3 mm; 10-front side shell, the upper and lower wall thickness is 2.8 mm;
11-the heat dissipation plate at the hot side is spaced from the small fan, the spacing is 2mm, the distance from the bottom is 29.3mm, and the distance from the top is 18.7 mm;
12-small fan air outlet, 38mm small fan air outlet on top;
13-small fan line position holes with the distance of 12mm from the edge, the center distance interval 11 of 9.5mm and the side length of 7 mm;
14-thermoelectric module line position holes, 5.5mm from the edge, 15.8mm from the bottom and symmetrical at two sides;
15-first hot side heating panel heat dissipation vent, 15 sizes: the length is 34mm, the width is 10mm, and the lower end of the pipe is tightly attached to the center of the lower end of the pipe 11;
16 — second hot side heat sink heat dissipation vent, 16 sizes: 38mm long and 10mm wide, four corners arc-shaped, and high
The degree position is the same as 15, the center position of the side wall is symmetrical on two sides;
17-the corresponding port of the inner side air inlet 8, and the air inlet is communicated with 8.
The packaging back cover and the air outlet part are shown in figure 8. The cover is designed into a double-layer shell after being packaged by considering the hardness of materials and the stability of the structure. The back cover is attached to the groove of the frame, the wall thickness of the double layers is 2.5mm, and the width of the middle cavity is 8 mm. The design of the outer end air outlet is the same as that of the figure 7, and the round hole column air outlet 21 and the inner measuring air outlet are opposite to the other end of the air inlet in deviation. Make the air current form the backward flow in the device, be convenient for abundant heat transfer carries the cold energy that thermoelectric module produced to blow tree-like pipeline again. The dimensional parameters were as follows:
18-the top end (one side) of the vertical surface of the L-shaped shell has the same wall thickness of 2.8mm as 10, and the rear end (the other side) of the vertical surface of the L-shaped shell has the wall thickness of 2.5mm and 20-is connected with a smooth curved surface and has the thickness of 2 mm;
22-the corresponding opening of the first hot side heat dissipation plate heat dissipation ventilation opening 15, the size is the same as that of the first hot side heat dissipation plate heat dissipation ventilation opening 15, and the angle is processed in a semicircular mode.
In the design process (5), the micro blower provides airflow to take away cold energy and leads the cold energy to the whole body of the human body through the hose network. The micro blower needs to meet the indexes of power, air volume, volume and the like. The specific parameter requirements are as follows: the wind speed of the wind gap can be adjusted to 15-30m/s, and the direct current voltage is as follows: 24-36V, power: 50-100W, wind pressure: 5-10KPa, fuselage size: the diameter is 70mm, and the height is less than 40 mm. The micro blower WM7040-24V meets various requirements.
In the design process (6), the network layout of the hose in the garment is designed, and two network topologies are selected: "Y" type and "O" type, as shown in FIG. 9.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of two heat dissipation plates attached to both sides of a thermoelectric module. Fig. 11 is an overall effect diagram of the thermoelectric energy conversion device. The refrigerating side of the thermoelectric module is arranged at the lower part, and the lower heat exchange cavity temporarily stores cold energy. The air inlet and the air outlet of the external airflow are not in the same straight line, and the design of staggering left and right enables the airflow to fully take away the cold energy generated by the thermoelectric module. The hot side of the thermoelectric module is arranged on the upper part, ventilation openings are reserved on four sides of the package, and a heat radiation fan is arranged above the heat radiation plate on the hot side to help the hot side to fully radiate heat. Depending on the chosen components and the characteristics of the external packaging module, the device is light in weight, small in size, energy efficient and sufficiently portable. The control module is added to realize the control of the temperature output. Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a personal thermal comfort device for a specific garment set-up of a thermoelectric conversion device in combination with a micro-blower, woven hose network.
The utility model relates to a process does: 1) selecting a proper thermoelectric module capable of sufficiently supplying heat, wherein the specific parameters are as follows: supplying power by direct current, wherein the working environment is proper to minus 50-80 ℃, the refrigeration power is 50-120W, the maximum temperature difference is 40-80 ℃, and the appearance size is 40X mm; 2) selecting a proper hot side cooling fan, wherein the specific parameters are as follows: DC power supply, 12V or 24V working voltage, power 4-12W, rotation speed 5000-; 3) and heat dissipation plates made of different materials and having different topological structures are customized on the hot and cold sides. The topological structure is optimized to have optimal heat dissipation capacity, and the specific parameters are as follows: the hot side is a straight-through fin copper radiating plate, the cold side is a four-row fin aluminum radiating plate, and the hot and cold radiating plates on the two sides are attached to the two sides of the module to enhance the heat and cold conduction effect; 4) and designing an external packaging module model. The thermoelectric module, the heat dissipation plate and the heat dissipation fan are packaged through a 3D printing technology, so that the detachable and portable indexes are met; 5) the micro brushless direct current blower is selected to provide external air flow, cold energy generated by the thermoelectric conversion device is blown to a human body through the micro hose network, and the purpose of improving the thermal comfort of the human body is achieved. The specific parameters of the blower are as follows: the input voltage is 24-36V, the power is 50-100W, the no-load rotating speed is 30000-50000rpm, the maximum air volume is 200-300L/min, and the air pressure is 5-10 KPa; 6) a miniature hose network is embedded in the garment, and the network consists of Y-shaped and O-shaped hoses, so that the cooling effect of a human body is enhanced.
The utility model discloses choose for use specific thermoelectric module, radiator fan and heating panel, make up into a detachable, portable thermoelectric conversion equipment with it. The micro-blower is selected to send the cold energy into the special clothes. The whole set of equipment has the advantages of portability, excellent energy efficiency and controllable temperature. By combining a building heating and ventilation central air-conditioning system, a local thermal environment can be established, and the personal thermal comfort level is improved; the temperature setting range of the central air conditioner can be widened by using a smaller device, so that the overall energy consumption of the building is reduced, and the application potential is huge.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.