SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model overcomes prior art's is not enough, provides a pit shaft heating system that prevents frostbite. The problems of poor anti-freezing effect and serious energy waste of a common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
The utility model provides a pit shaft heating system that prevents frostbite, pit shaft entry both sides are provided with the heating unit, the air outlet of heating unit is connected with the heat preservation wind channel through the heat preservation tuber pipe, the air outlet in heat preservation wind channel is connected with the hot-air inlet who sets up in the pit shaft bottom, be provided with flame-proof type temperature sensor in the pit shaft, the pit shaft is provided with controlling means outward, flame-proof type temperature sensor is connected with controlling means, controlling means is used for controlling the operation of heating unit.
Furthermore, the heat preservation air duct is arranged in the shaft and below the ground at the bottom of the shaft, an air duct guide vane is arranged in the heat preservation air duct, and the heating unit is arranged close to the inlet of the shaft.
Furthermore, the air inlet of the heat-preservation air pipe and/or the heating unit is provided with a fire damper.
Furthermore, a fireproof flexible connection is arranged at the joint of the air outlet of the heating unit and the heat preservation air pipe.
Furthermore, the air inlet of the heating unit is provided with a rainproof air inlet shutter and a coarse filter.
Furthermore, the distance between the explosion-proof temperature sensor and the entrance of the shaft is 0.8-1.2 m.
Further, the control device is provided with a fire alarm device; the heating unit is a mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit, the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit is provided with a safety-increasing type heater and a mining explosion-proof axial flow fan, and the safety-increasing type heater and the mining explosion-proof axial flow fan are linked with a fire alarm device.
Furthermore, a protective movable railing is arranged outside the heating unit.
Furthermore, a pressure-bearing ventilation plate is arranged at a hot air outlet at the bottom of the shaft.
Furthermore, the heat-insulating air pipe is a steel air pipe, and a fireproof heat-insulating material and a galvanized iron sheet protective layer are wrapped outside the air pipe; the heat-insulating air duct is a reinforced concrete air duct, and heat-insulating bricks are adhered to the inner wall of the air duct.
The utility model discloses produced beneficial effect for prior art does:
1. compared with the unilateral air supply mode of the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system, the shaft anti-freezing heat load of the heat supply system is greatly reduced in winter under the condition that the air temperature in the shaft is the same, and a large amount of heat energy is saved.
2. Compared with the unilateral air supply mode of the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system, the novel shaft anti-freezing heat supply system greatly reduces the air volume, the air pressure and the motor power of an air feeder matched with the heat supply air supply system while realizing good shaft anti-freezing effect. The purchase cost and the operating cost of the novel shaft anti-freezing heat supply system equipment are greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the noise generated when a fan of the novel shaft anti-freezing heat supply air supply system operates normally is also greatly reduced.
3. The temperature sensor matched with the novel shaft anti-freezing heat supply system outputs an electric signal to the control device in real time. The operation of the heating unit is controlled by the control device. The quantity and the heating power of the heating pipes in the heating unit can be automatically adjusted when the temperature of the air in the shaft rises or falls, so that the temperature of the conveyed hot air can be adjusted. Compared with the mode that the temperature sensor adopted by the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system is arranged outside the shaft, the temperature regulation mode of the hot air conveyed by the heat supply system is regulated through the temperature change of the outdoor air, and the temperature regulation of the hot air conveyed by the heat supply system is more timely and accurate. The aim of keeping the temperature of air in a shaft constant is fulfilled, and meanwhile, the electric energy consumed by the operation of the heater and the operation cost are saved to the maximum extent; the problems that the temperature of the conveyed hot air is adjusted and lagged due to the fact that the temperature sensor of the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system is arranged outside the shaft and the temperature of the conveyed hot air is adjusted through the temperature change of outdoor air are solved, and the shaft is frozen and the change range of the temperature of the air in the shaft is large are solved.
4. Compared with the unilateral air supply mode of the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system, the novel shaft anti-freezing heat supply system avoids the conditions that the shaft ground and one side without an air supply outlet are low in temperature and easy to freeze and the top in the shaft is high in temperature, which are generally existed in the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system under the heat supply condition in winter. The air temperature of each point in the shaft is more than 2 ℃, and the air temperature field is more uniform, thereby providing a powerful guarantee for the safety production of the coal mine in winter.
5. The heater and the ventilator of the heating unit in the heating system are linked with the automatic fire alarm device, and when a fire breaks out, the power supply of the heater and the ventilator is automatically cut off.
6. Compared with the unilateral air supply mode of the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system, the novel shaft anti-freezing heat supply system has few outdoor heat-insulating air pipes and heat-insulating materials thereof and does not have outdoor air pipe supports. The equipment room occupies small area. Compared with the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system with the same heat supply scale, the whole heat supply system has the characteristics of less initial investment, small occupied area and less civil engineering quantity, the construction period of the heat supply system is short, and the influence of the construction process of the heat supply system on the normal production of a mine is small; the heating system is simple, and the daily maintenance workload and the maintenance cost are low.
The system is suitable for design and construction of winter anti-freezing heat supply systems for air inlet shafts of pitshaft of footrill and inclined shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problem, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the utility model will solve more clearly understand, combine embodiment and attached drawing, it is right to go on further detailed description the utility model discloses. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment is a novel shaft anti-freezing heat supply system, which is composed of a mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit 1, a silicon controlled control cabinet, a mining explosion-proof type temperature sensor, a steel heat-preservation air pipe 4, a reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5, a 70 ℃ electric fire damper 2 and a fireproof flexible connection 3. The mine safety-increasing type electric heating unit 1 is arranged on two sides of the shaft inlet of the air inlet shaft, and outdoor cold air is heated by the mine safety-increasing type electric heating unit 1 to become hot air and then is sent into the shaft 6 from the bottom of the shaft through the steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 and the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5. The mining explosion-proof temperature sensor is arranged in the shaft and 1 meter away from the wellhead. The mining explosion-proof temperature sensor outputs an electric signal to the silicon controlled control cabinet in real time. The operation of the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit is controlled by the controllable silicon control cabinet. This heating system can change the quantity and the heating power of heating pipe in the heating unit in real time according to the change of air temperature in the pit shaft and adjust the hot air temperature that the hot air of carrying carried carries (this control method and circuit connection are conventional method and circuit among the prior art, the utility model discloses do not improve control part). The temperature of the air in the shaft is kept above 2 ℃ at any time. The common problems that the temperature of the ground of the shaft and the side without the air supply outlet is low and easy to freeze and the temperature of the top in the shaft is high under the condition of heat supply of the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system in winter are solved. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
all equipment and parts such as an electric heater, a fan and the like in the mining safety-increasing electric heating unit 1 adopt products which obtain national mine product safety mark certificates, and all requirements of coal mine safety production are met. The mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit is symmetrically arranged close to two sides of the inlet of the shaft of the air inlet well. Only one electric fire valve 2 with the temperature of 70 ℃, one fire-proof flexible connection 3 and a small section (0.3 meter) of steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 which is used for being connected with a reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5 in the shaft are arranged between the heating unit and the shaft.
Because the heating unit is arranged close to the inlet of the shaft 6 of the air inlet well, the steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 outside the heat supply system is extremely short. Compared with a common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system, the system can save a large amount of land area occupied by installing a large amount of outdoor steel heat-insulation air pipes. Meanwhile, the heating unit is arranged outdoors, so that only a control system needs to be installed in a heat supply system equipment room, and the equipment room is not provided with the heating unit and a steel heat-preservation air pipe. Compared with the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system, the heat supply system has the advantages that the occupied area and the volume of the equipment room are greatly reduced. Therefore, compared with the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system with the same heat supply scale, the heat supply system has the characteristics of small occupied area and compact system arrangement.
Because the outdoor steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 of the heat supply system is extremely short, the air pressure of the air supply fan matched with the mine safety-increasing electric heating unit in the heat supply system only needs to overcome the ventilation resistance of a rainproof air inlet shutter and a coarse filter 7 arranged at the inlet of the heater, two 70-DEG C electric fire valves 2, the heater, a small section of steel heat-preservation air pipe 4, a reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5 and a pressure-bearing steel ventilation plate 10. Because the heat preservation air pipe of the heat supply air supply system is extremely short, the air leakage amount of the air supply system can be ignored. Under the condition of ensuring the same heat supply effect, the air supply fan matched with the heat supply and air supply system has smaller air volume. And the heat supply and air supply system does not need to overcome the ventilation resistance generated by a steel heat-preservation air pipe with long length of a common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system. Thereby substantially reducing the total resistance to ventilation of the heating system. Therefore, the air volume and the air pressure of the mining explosion-proof draw-out type axial flow fan selected for overcoming the ventilation resistance and the power of the matched explosion-proof motor are greatly reduced, and a large amount of electric energy consumed by the mining explosion-proof draw-out type axial flow fan in normal operation and high electric charge caused by the electric energy are saved. And the high cost required for purchasing the high-power mining explosion-proof extraction type axial-flow fan is saved.
The steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 outside the heating system is extremely short. The heat loss of the steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 along the way is very little in the hot air conveying process of the heating system. The whole heating system has smaller heat loss and is more energy-saving compared with other heating systems.
The steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 outside the heating system is extremely short. The outdoor steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 and the heat-preservation material thereof have little consumption and no outdoor air pipe bracket. The whole heating system only needs to be provided with an equipment room with small floor area and a concrete foundation platform required by installing the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit, and no other buildings or structures are arranged.
The wind pressure of the mine explosion-proof extraction type axial flow fan and the power of the explosion-proof motor are reduced, and the noise generated when the mine explosion-proof extraction type axial flow fan operates normally is also greatly reduced. The noise is greatly reduced, and the working environment of workers and the living environment of surrounding people are greatly improved.
The heating system is provided with the rainproof air inlet shutter and the coarse filter 7 at the air inlet of the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit, so that outdoor air is coarsely filtered, and the cleanliness of air entering the heating unit and the shaft is ensured. The rain-proof air inlet shutter (arranged in front of the coarse filter) is used for preventing rain and snow from entering the heating unit.
The heating system is characterized in that an air inlet and an air outlet of a mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit are respectively provided with a 70 ℃ electric fire damper 2, and the electric fire damper is automatically closed when the interior of the heating unit and a shaft catch fire. So as to prevent fire in the heating unit from spreading into the shaft and prevent fire in the shaft from spreading to the outside through the heating unit. The 70 ℃ electric fire damper 2 is linked with the automatic fire alarm device, when the 70 ℃ electric fire damper is automatically closed, an alarm is given on a background configuration picture of the centralized control room, and a sound-light alarm signal is output by the control system. Thereby ensuring the production safety of the coal mine. The mine safety-increasing type heater and the mine explosion-proof draw-out type axial-flow fan which are matched with the mine safety-increasing type electric heating unit are linked with the automatic fire alarm device, and when a fire disaster occurs, the power supply of the mine safety-increasing type heater and the power supply of the fan are automatically cut off.
In order to prevent mechanical injury and prevent irrelevant personnel from damaging the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit and facilitate the overhaul of the heating unit when the heating unit breaks down, a protective movable railing 8 is arranged around the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit 1.
The control of the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit 1 in the heating unit of the system is connected into a centralized control system, when the mining safety-increasing type heater in the heating unit is over-temperature, the power supply of the mining safety-increasing type heater is automatically cut off, and meanwhile, the continuous operation of the mining explosion-proof extraction type axial flow fan is kept for 30min, so that the temperature of a heating rod in the mining safety-increasing type heater is reduced. Meanwhile, alarming is carried out on a background configuration picture of the centralized control room, and an acousto-optic alarm signal is output by the control cabinet.
The control of the mine explosion-proof extraction type axial flow fan for the matched mine in the heating unit of the system is connected into a centralized control system, when the mine explosion-proof extraction type axial flow fan stops running due to faults, the power supply of a mine safety-added heater in the heating unit is cut off, meanwhile, an alarm is given on a background configuration picture of a centralized control room, and an acousto-optic alarm signal is output by a control cabinet.
When the system is started, the explosion-proof extraction type axial flow fan is started firstly, and the mining safety-increasing heater is started after the fan operates normally. When the system is closed, the mining safety-increasing heater is closed firstly. And the explosion-proof extraction type axial flow fan is closed after the heater is closed and continuously operates for 30 min.
In order to reduce the heat dissipation loss along the way when the hot air flows through the steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 and the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5, heat preservation measures are taken for the steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 and the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5. The steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 adopts a heat preservation mode that the air pipe is wrapped with a fireproof heat-preservation material, and the heat-preservation material is wrapped with a galvanized iron sheet protection layer. The reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5 adopts a heat-preservation mode that heat-preservation bricks are stuck on the inner wall of the air duct.
The control cabinet in the heating system adopts the silicon controlled control cabinet, and the heating load linear output of the mining safety-increasing heater can be realized. The heater can realize the adjustment of 0-100% heating power. Compared with a sectional type adjusting mode adopted by a common heating system, the heating system has a wider heating adjusting range. Compared with the common shaft anti-freezing heat supply system with the same heat supply scale, the whole heat supply system is more energy-saving in system operation.
The mine-used explosion-proof temperature sensor for the heat supply system is arranged in a position 1 meter away from a well mouth in a shaft. The temperature sensor can output an electric signal to the silicon controlled rectifier control cabinet in real time. The operation of the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit 1 is controlled by the controllable silicon control cabinet. The heating system can change the number and heating power of heating pipes in the heating unit in real time according to the temperature of air in the shaft to adjust the temperature of the conveyed hot air. The temperature of the air in the shaft is kept above 2 ℃ at any time.
In order to reduce the resistance of hot air flowing through the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct, a guide vane 9 is arranged at the corner of the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5.
The outdoor cold air is heated by the mining safety-increasing type electric heating unit 1 to become hot air, and then is sent into the shaft from the bottom of the shaft 6 through the steel heat-preservation air pipe 4 and the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5. The hot air enters the shaft 6 at a speed of 5-8m/s through ventilation holes arranged on a pressure-bearing steel ventilation plate 10 arranged at the bottom of the shaft 6. The calculated temperature of the air heating chamber is generally below-20 ℃ because the footrill and the inclined shaft inlet shaft prevent freezing in winter. The temperature difference between the hot air (40-50 ℃) sent into the shaft and the cold air sent into the shaft is 60-70 ℃. The hot air generates great buoyancy under the action of hot pressing and self initial speed. The hot air is continuously mixed with the cold air entering the shaft during the floating process. Finally, the temperature is higher than 2 ℃ and then the mixture is sent to the underground. The heating system can realize the heating effect that the air temperature at the bottom in the shaft is highest and the air temperature in the shaft is gradually reduced from the bottom in the shaft upwards when in operation.
And because the mining safety-increasing electric heating unit 1, the steel heat-insulating air pipe 4 and the reinforced concrete heat-insulating air duct 5 are arranged on two sides of the entrance of the shaft. The concrete heat preservation air ducts on the two sides of the shaft convey hot air into the shaft (center) at the same time.
A pressure-bearing steel ventilating plate 10 is arranged above the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5 in the shaft, and the ventilating plate is made of stainless steel. The ventilation plate is provided with a ventilation hole. In order to ensure that the air quantity at the starting end and the tail end (the reinforced concrete partition wall 11) of the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct is the same. The aperture of the vent hole is gradually reduced from the starting end to the tail end (the reinforced concrete partition wall 11) of the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5. The section size of the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct 5 and the aperture, the interval and the thickness of the vent holes of the pressure-bearing steel ventilating plate 10 can be determined according to the amount of the hot air delivered and the load borne by the pressure-bearing steel ventilating plate 10.
In order to prevent 5 water accumulation in the underground reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct in the shaft, the bottom of the reinforced concrete heat-preservation air duct is provided with a gradient which is more than or equal to 0.01 from the starting end to the tail end (the reinforced concrete partition wall 11). A water collecting pit 12 (400X 400X 400) is arranged at the tail end of the air duct (the reinforced concrete partition wall 11). The water accumulated in the sump 12 can be discharged by a submersible pump.
When the accumulated water in the water collecting pit 12 needs to be drained, the pressure-bearing steel ventilating plate 10 needs to be removed. The whole pressure-bearing steel ventilation plate 10 is large in area and heavy. The entire removal of the pressure-bearing steel ventilation board 10 is time consuming and laborious. In order to conveniently discharge accumulated water in the water collecting pit 12, the pressure-bearing steel ventilating plate 10 is formed by splicing independent and movable stainless steel plates. Each stainless steel plate can be detached and replaced independently. When accumulated water in the sump 12 needs to be drained, only the stainless steel plate corresponding to the position right above the sump 12 needs to be removed. The entire pressure-bearing steel ventilation board 10 need not be removed. The arrangement mode of the pressure-bearing steel ventilating plate 10 greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers and saves precious time.
The above description is for further details of the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiments, and it should not be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented in a plurality of simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all such alterations and substitutions should be considered as belonging to the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.