CN214411264U - Fuel cell cogeneration intelligent system based on photovoltaic hydrogen production - Google Patents
Fuel cell cogeneration intelligent system based on photovoltaic hydrogen production Download PDFInfo
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- CN214411264U CN214411264U CN202120198371.0U CN202120198371U CN214411264U CN 214411264 U CN214411264 U CN 214411264U CN 202120198371 U CN202120198371 U CN 202120198371U CN 214411264 U CN214411264 U CN 214411264U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
一种基于光伏制氢的燃料电池热电联产智能系统，属于新能源及燃料电池技术领域。本实用新型解决了现有的燃料电池热电联产系统工作过程中所产生的热能过高，极易影响电堆安全的问题。PEM电解槽与太阳能光伏阵列之间通过DC/DC转换器连接，PEM电解槽的出气口与储氢罐的入口之间以及氢氧燃料电池的氢气入口与储氢罐的出口之间分别通过管路连接，氢氧燃料电池的电极接口与负载之间通过DC/AC转换器连接，所述控制器分别与DC/DC转换器、储氢罐、DC/AC转换器连接，自来水通过管路依次经阴极废气换热器、阳极废气换热器及冷却水换热器进行换热后产生热水，氢氧燃料电池的阴极废气出口通过管路连通至阴极废气换热器进行换热后排出。
A fuel cell cogeneration intelligent system based on photovoltaic hydrogen production belongs to the technical field of new energy and fuel cells. The utility model solves the problem that the heat energy generated during the working process of the existing fuel cell cogeneration system is too high, which easily affects the safety of the stack. The PEM electrolyzer and the solar photovoltaic array are connected through a DC/DC converter, and pipes are respectively connected between the gas outlet of the PEM electrolyzer and the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank, and between the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell and the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank. The electrode interface of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell and the load are connected through a DC/AC converter, the controller is respectively connected with the DC/DC converter, the hydrogen storage tank, and the DC/AC converter, and the tap water passes through the pipeline in turn. Hot water is produced after heat exchange by the cathode waste gas heat exchanger, the anode waste gas heat exchanger and the cooling water heat exchanger. The cathode waste gas outlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is connected to the cathode waste gas heat exchanger through a pipeline for heat exchange and then discharged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell cogeneration of heat and power intelligence system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing belongs to new forms of energy and fuel cell technical field.
Background
The national energy consumption is increased by 7-8 times since the innovation is opened. According to the statistical data in the 'Chinese statistical yearbook 2019', the total energy production amount is always smaller than the total energy consumption amount from 2010 to 2019. The total consumption of fossil fuels such as coal and oil is increasing year by year, and the environmental problems generated therewith are also becoming more severe. Therefore, the development and utilization of renewable energy is an important strategy for the sustainable development of human society, and clean and abundant solar energy becomes an important choice for human beings. At present, people continuously develop the conversion and utilization of solar energy through technologies such as photo-thermal technology, photovoltaic technology and the like. To date, the global photovoltaic cumulative installed capacity has steadily increased, with china accounting for 35.45% of the global proportion.
At present, a cogeneration system for households is mainly a micro cogeneration system, electricity and heat are generated by supplying power to natural gas, and the cogeneration system mainly relates to equipment with higher noise and lower efficiency, such as an internal combustion engine, a micro gas turbine engine and the like. The fuel cell cogeneration technology has the advantages of no pollution, high efficiency, wide application, no noise, continuous operation and the like, the power generation efficiency can reach more than 40%, and the cogeneration efficiency can reach more than 80%.
The operating principle of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is that oxygen and hydrogen generate oxidation-reduction reaction to generate electricity. The electric efficiency range of the fuel cell is 35% -55%, most of the rest energy is converted into heat energy, and dehydration and dry cracking of the proton exchange membrane are easily caused by overhigh temperature, so that the safety of the electric pile is threatened. If the remaining heat can be recovered by a suitable heat exchange means, the overall efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model relates to a solve produced heat energy in the current fuel cell cogeneration system working process and too high, very easily influence the safe problem of pile, and then provide a fuel cell cogeneration intelligent system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing.
The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted and be:
a fuel cell cogeneration intelligent system based on photovoltaic hydrogen production comprises a solar photovoltaic array, a DC/DC converter, a PEM electrolytic tank, a controller, a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, a DC/AC converter and a load and heating system, wherein the PEM electrolytic tank is connected with the solar photovoltaic array through the DC/DC converter, an air outlet of the PEM electrolytic tank is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline, a hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is connected with an outlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline, an electrode interface of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is connected with the load through the DC/AC converter, the controller is connected with the DC/DC converter, the hydrogen storage tank and the DC/AC converter respectively, the heating system comprises a cathode waste gas heat exchanger, an anode waste gas heat exchanger and a cooling water heat exchanger, tap water sequentially passes through the cathode waste gas heat exchanger and the cathode waste gas heat exchanger through a pipeline, The anode waste gas heat exchanger and the cooling water heat exchanger generate hot water after heat exchange, a cathode waste gas outlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is communicated to the cathode waste gas heat exchanger through a pipeline to be discharged after heat exchange, an anode waste gas outlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is communicated to the anode waste gas heat exchanger through a pipeline to be discharged after heat exchange, a cooling water outlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is communicated to the cooling water heat exchanger through a pipeline to be subjected to heat exchange, and then the cooling water inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is connected to the cooling water inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell through a pipeline to perform circulating heat exchange.
Further, a gas drier is connected between the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell through a pipeline.
Further, each pipeline is provided with an air valve.
Further, an air pump is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.
Furthermore, a pressure valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with a hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.
Further, a tap water tank is connected to a cold side inlet of the cathode waste gas heat exchanger through a pipeline.
Furthermore, a tap water pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the cathode waste gas heat exchanger and the tap water tank.
Further, a cold side outlet of the cooling water heat exchanger is connected with a heat storage water tank through a pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following effect:
the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell has the advantages of low noise, zero emission and the like; in the process of battery reaction, electrochemical reaction rather than hydrogen combustion reaction occurs, and the danger is reduced. By further utilizing the high-temperature waste gas of the fuel cell, the cascade utilization of energy can be realized, and the function of cogeneration is completed.
The energy source of the whole system is solar energy with abundant resources. The renewable, pollution-free and zero-noise combined heat and power generation mode is realized.
The photovoltaic hydrogen production and fuel cell cogeneration system is effectively combined, and the controller is added to serve as an intelligent monitoring module, so that the whole system is safer and more efficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of heating system energy transfer.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1-2, and a photovoltaic hydrogen production-based intelligent fuel cell cogeneration system comprises a solar photovoltaic array 1, a DC/DC converter 2, a PEM electrolyzer 4, a controller 3, a hydrogen storage tank 5, a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7, a DC/AC converter 8, a load 10 and a heating system 9, wherein the PEM electrolyzer 4 is connected with the solar photovoltaic array 1 through the DC/DC converter 2, an air outlet of the PEM electrolyzer 4 is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 5, a hydrogen inlet 15 of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 is connected with an outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 5 through a pipeline, an electrode interface of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 is connected with the load 10 through the DC/AC converter 8, the controller 3 is connected with the DC/DC converter 2, the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the DC/AC converter 8, and the heating system 9 comprises a cathode waste gas heat exchanger 30, The anode waste gas heat exchanger 35 and the cooling water heat exchanger 25 are connected in sequence, tap water passes through the cathode waste gas heat exchanger 30, the anode waste gas heat exchanger 35 and the cooling water heat exchanger 25 through pipelines to exchange heat and then generate hot water, the cathode waste gas outlet 17 of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell 7 is communicated to the cathode waste gas heat exchanger 30 through a pipeline to exchange heat and then discharge, the anode waste gas outlet 18 of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell 7 is communicated to the anode waste gas heat exchanger 35 through a pipeline to exchange heat and then discharge, and the cooling water outlet 19 of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell 7 is communicated to the cooling water heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline to exchange heat and then is connected to the cooling water inlet 16 of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell 7 through a pipeline to perform circulating heat exchange.
When sunlight irradiates the solar photovoltaic array 1, the solar energy is converted into electric energy and is converted into the operating voltage of the PEM electrolyzer 4 through the DC/DC converter 2.
The direct current electric energy generated by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 is converted into alternating current required by the operation of a load 10 through a DC/AC converter 8, and is supplied to the load 10 for operation.
A sensor is provided in the controller 3.
The PEM electrolyzer 4 is electrified to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen, the hydrogen is conveyed to the gas storage tank through a pipeline, when the controller 3 monitors that the hydrogen storage amount reaches a set value, a gas valve on the pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 is opened, and the hydrogen is conveyed to the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 through the pipeline.
The air and the hydrogen are subjected to electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack to generate electric energy and simultaneously generate high-temperature cathode waste gas, high-temperature anode waste gas and a large amount of heat energy. The high-temperature cathode waste gas, the high-temperature anode waste gas and a large amount of heat energy exchange heat through the heat exchangers respectively to generate hot water, and the generated hot water is used for heating or providing domestic hot water.
The high-temperature cathode waste gas is introduced into the hot side inlet of the cathode waste gas heat exchanger 30 from the cathode waste gas outlet 17 of the fuel cell, transfers heat to the cold side tap water, and is discharged from the cathode waste gas discharge port 39 after being cooled.
The high-temperature anode waste gas is introduced into the hot side inlet of the anode waste gas heat exchanger 35 from the anode waste gas outlet 18 of the fuel cell, transfers heat to cold side tap water, and is discharged from the anode waste gas discharge port 40 after being cooled.
A large amount of heat energy is absorbed by the cooling water of the fuel cell stack, and is introduced into the hot side inlet of the cooling water heat exchanger 25 from the cooling water outlet 19 of the fuel cell to transfer heat to the cold side tap water, and after being cooled, the heat energy enters the cooling water inlet 16 of the fuel cell from the hot side outlet of the cooling water heat exchanger 25 through the cooling water circulating water pump 36 to circularly work.
Tap water for heat storage enters a cold side inlet of the cathode waste gas heat exchanger 30, continues to enter a cold side inlet of the anode waste gas heat exchanger 35 from a cold side outlet of the cathode waste gas heat exchanger 30 after absorbing heat of cathode waste gas, continues to enter a cold side inlet of the cooling water heat exchanger 25 after absorbing heat of anode waste gas, and enters a heat storage water tank 41 from a cold side outlet of the cooling water heat exchanger 25 after absorbing heat of high-temperature cooling water for heating or providing domestic hot water.
The controller 3 is an MCU controller 3 based on ARM framework, can control each part of the whole system, and has the control functions of: 1) and controlling the DC/DC circuit to be used as an MPPT controller 3 to track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel, so that the energy conversion efficiency is improved. 2) The power monitoring is carried out on the DC/DC circuit, and the photovoltaic power generation capacity and the power consumption of a user can be visually displayed for the user. 3) The hydrogen storage tank 5 is controlled to be powered off when a danger alarm occurs, and a hydrogen safety measure is implemented. 4) The hydrogen storage environment of the hydrogen storage tank 5 is monitored, the storage amount, flow rate, temperature and pressure of hydrogen are collected, the hydrogen storage tank works under the safe condition, and an alarm is given when the hydrogen storage tank is dangerous. 5) The electric energy quality of the electric appliance end can be monitored, so that the electric appliance is prevented from being damaged due to the occurrence of impact current.
The fuel cell has adjustable power generation mode, controllable hydrogen supply (pressure and start-stop), normal-temperature operation of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7, quick start/stop, high specific power and no corrosion of the solid proton exchange membrane on other parts of the cell.
The photovoltaic hydrogen production and fuel cell cogeneration system is effectively combined, and the controller is added to serve as an intelligent monitoring module, so that the whole system is safer and more efficient.
The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 is adopted, so that the method has the advantages of low noise, zero emission and the like; in the process of battery reaction, electrochemical reaction rather than hydrogen combustion reaction occurs, and the danger is reduced. By further utilizing the high-temperature waste gas of the fuel cell, the cascade utilization of energy can be realized, and the function of cogeneration is completed.
The energy source of the whole system is solar energy with abundant resources. The renewable, pollution-free and zero-noise combined heat and power generation mode is realized.
A gas drier 6 is connected between the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the hydrogen inlet 15 of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 through a pipeline.
Each pipeline is provided with an air valve. The on-off of the gas can be conveniently controlled.
An air pump 11 is connected to the air inlet 14 of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7. Facilitating the entry of air into the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7.
The pipeline connected with the hydrogen inlet 15 of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7 is provided with a pressure valve 12. The high-pressure hydrogen gas output from the hydrogen storage tank 5 is regulated by a pressure valve 12 and then enters the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell 7.
The cold side inlet of the cathode exhaust gas heat exchanger 30 is connected by piping to a tap water tank 38. Ensuring the continuous supply of tap water.
A tap water pump 37 is provided on a connection pipe between the cathode off-gas heat exchanger 30 and the tap water tank 38. Which facilitates the entry of tap water into the cathode exhaust gas heat exchanger 30.
The cold side outlet of the cooling water heat exchanger 25 is connected with a hot water storage tank 41 through a pipeline. The storage and the use of the generated hot water are convenient.
Claims (8)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114322044A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 西安交通大学 | An integrated energy system and its operation control method |
| CN115595612A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-13 | 北京市煤气热力工程设计院有限公司（Cn） | Efficient zero-carbon thermoelectric supply system and method for coupling photovoltaic photo-thermal, fuel cell, hydrogen production and storage |
| CN115751767A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-03-07 | 山东大学 | Multi-system coupled combined heat, power and water supply system and method |
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2021
- 2021-01-25 CN CN202120198371.0U patent/CN214411264U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114322044A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 西安交通大学 | An integrated energy system and its operation control method |
| CN114322044B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-02-03 | 西安交通大学 | An integrated energy system and its operation control method |
| CN115595612A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-13 | 北京市煤气热力工程设计院有限公司（Cn） | Efficient zero-carbon thermoelectric supply system and method for coupling photovoltaic photo-thermal, fuel cell, hydrogen production and storage |
| CN115751767A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-03-07 | 山东大学 | Multi-system coupled combined heat, power and water supply system and method |
| CN115751767B (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2025-01-21 | 山东大学 | A multi-system coupled heat, power and water cogeneration system and method |
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