Marine turbocharger abnormal vibration positioning device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an on-line monitoring technical field especially relates to a marine turbo charger abnormal vibration positioner.
Background
The friction nanometer power generation technology is formally proposed from 2012, the vibration online monitoring device of the marine turbocharger is designed by adopting the friction nanometer power generation technology, the technical blank of the friction nanometer power generation technology in the aspect of the marine turbocharger is broken through, and the cross fusion and application innovation of the fields of nanometer materials and sensing and the fields of ships and ocean engineering are realized.
At present, no special vibration sensor for the marine turbocharger exists in the market, the common vibration sensor can only detect the vibration state of the marine turbocharger, the abnormal vibration condition of the turbocharger can be determined through data extraction and secondary or multiple conversion of vibration signals, the fault diagnosis hysteresis of the abnormal vibration of the marine turbocharger is too serious, and the vibration sensor is an obstacle point for automatic and intelligent development of ships. Meanwhile, the existing sensor needs an external power supply to provide energy, is complex in arrangement and is inconvenient to install. The abnormal vibration of the existing turbocharger is not easy to position, and the conditions such as the vibration direction and the like are not easy to detect.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a marine turbo charger unusual vibration positioner to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme:
the utility model provides a marine turbocharger abnormal vibration positioner, including setting up the support housing in the rotor shaft outside, the rotor shaft is connected with bearing and end cover at support housing both ends, the rotor shaft can be dismantled between two bearings and be connected with the axle sleeve, can dismantle on the inner wall of support housing and be connected with arc and two sets of limiting plates, the arc corresponds the setting with the axle sleeve; the limiting plates are arranged on two sides of the arc-shaped plate and are arranged in parallel with the bearing; and a radial vibration detection assembly and an axial vibration detection assembly are arranged in the support shell.
The radial vibration detection assembly comprises a plurality of groups of arc conductive friction plate groups which are fixedly arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the arc plate and a plurality of arc dielectric grinding plates which are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the shaft sleeve and correspond to the conductive friction plate groups, and each group of arc conductive friction plate groups comprises a plurality of adjacent but non-contact arc conductive friction plates.
The axial vibration detection assembly comprises a plurality of fan-shaped conductive friction plates fixedly arranged on the limiting plate and spiral dielectric grinding plates arranged on two sides of the shaft sleeve, and the adjacent fan-shaped conductive friction plates are concentric but do not contact with each other; the arc-shaped dielectric grinding plate, the arc-shaped conductive friction plate, the fan-shaped conductive friction plate and the spiral dielectric grinding plate are in two states of mutual friction and separation.
Preferably, the spiral dielectric grinding plate comprises a spiral spring and a spiral flexible dielectric blade fixedly arranged at the outermost circle of the spiral spring, each layer of the circle body of the spiral spring is not contacted, and the spiral flexible dielectric blade is arranged at one side close to the fan-shaped conductive friction plate.
Preferably, the spiral spring is a spiral conical spring, the spiral flexible dielectric blade is arranged on one side of the spiral conical spring with a large section, and one end of the spiral conical spring with a small section is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve.
Preferably, the limiting plate is of a circular ring structure, and the inner diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the outer diameter of the rotor shaft.
Preferably, the upper end and the lower end of the supporting shell are symmetrically provided with supporting rods.
Preferably, the arc-shaped conductive friction plate and the spiral dielectric grinding plate are both flexible dielectric grinding plates, and the flexible dielectric grinding plates are made of polytetrafluoroethylene or silica gel; the outer surface of the flexible dielectric abrasive disc is coated with a nano structure.
Preferably, the turbocharger rotor shaft vibration detection device further comprises a signal processing unit, the arc-shaped dielectric grinding plate, the arc-shaped conductive friction plate, the fan-shaped conductive friction plate and the spiral dielectric grinder are electrically connected with the signal processing unit, and the signal processing unit is used for converting an electric signal into the vibration condition of the turbocharger rotor shaft.
The utility model discloses a following technological effect: the utility model discloses a radial vibration detection subassembly and axial vibration detection subassembly detect rotor shaft radial and axial vibration condition, real-time on-line monitoring turbo charger rotor vibration state, through the circumference position that self electric signal change condition accurate judgement abnormal vibration takes place, three-dimensionally monitor turbo charger vibration state, solved the serious hysteresis nature problem of traditional vibration sensor to failure diagnosis; the service life of the marine turbocharger and the service life of the marine diesel engine are prolonged, the reliability is improved, and the method has important significance for the intelligent development of ships. The utility model has the advantages of self-powered, need not external power supply, the structure is succinct, be convenient for arrange.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the abnormal vibration positioning device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an expanded view of the arc plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the position limiting plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the spiral dielectric grinding plate of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of signal generation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the occurrence of abnormal vibration;
wherein, 1 is the rotor shaft, 2 is the support housing, 3 is the bearing, 4 are end cover, 5 are the axle sleeve, 6 are the arc, 7 are the limiting plate, 8 are arc dielectric abrasive disc, 9 are arc conductive friction disc, 10 are fan-shaped conductive friction disc, 11 are spiral dielectric abrasive disc, 111 are coil spring, 112 are the flexible dielectric blade of spiral, 12 are the bracing piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the utility model provides an unusual vibration positioner of marine turbo charger, turbo charger include rotor shaft 1, including setting up the support housing 2 in the rotor shaft 1 outside, rotor shaft 1 is connected with bearing 3 and end cover 4 at support housing 2 both ends, rotor shaft 1 can dismantle between two bearings 3 and be connected with axle sleeve 5, and turbo charger rotor shaft is concentric fixed cup jointing, along with rotor shaft synchronous rotation. An arc-shaped plate 6 and two groups of limiting plates 7 are detachably connected to the inner wall of the supporting shell 2, and the arc-shaped plate 6 is arranged corresponding to the shaft sleeve 5; the limiting plates 7 are arranged on two sides of the arc-shaped plate 6, and the limiting plates 7 are arranged in parallel with the bearing 3.
A radial vibration detection assembly and an axial vibration detection assembly are arranged in the supporting shell 2; the radial and axial vibration conditions of the rotor shaft 1 are detected by the radial vibration detection assembly and the axial vibration detection assembly.
The radial vibration detection assembly comprises a plurality of groups of arc-shaped conductive friction plate groups fixedly arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate 6 and a plurality of arc-shaped dielectric grinding plates 8 fixedly arranged on the outer side of the shaft sleeve 5 and arranged corresponding to the conductive friction plate groups, and each group of arc-shaped conductive friction plate groups comprises a plurality of adjacent but non-contact arc-shaped conductive friction plates 9; the number of the arc-shaped conductive friction plate groups is the same as that of the arc-shaped dielectric friction plates 8, and the vibration condition of the same position of the rotor shaft is detected through the multiple groups of arc-shaped dielectric friction plates 8.
The axial vibration detection assembly comprises a plurality of fan-shaped conductive friction plates 10 fixedly arranged on the limiting plate 7 and spiral dielectric grinding plates 11 arranged on two sides of the shaft sleeve 5, and the adjacent fan-shaped conductive friction plates 10 are concentric but do not contact; the arc-shaped dielectric abrasive disc 8, the arc-shaped conductive friction disc 9, the fan-shaped conductive friction disc 10 and the spiral dielectric abrasive disc 11 are in a mutual friction state and a separation state.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, when abnormal vibration occurs to the turbocharger rotor shaft 1, the rotor shaft 1 generates radial run-out, and the radial distance between the axis of the rotor shaft 1 and the supporting shell 2 changes, so that the contact area between the arc-shaped dielectric abrasive disc 8 and the arc-shaped conductive friction disc 9 changes, and further the output electrical signal (mainly, voltage signal) changes, and the radial distance and the output electrical signal have a linear relationship: the contact area between the arc-shaped dielectric grinding plate 8 and the arc-shaped conductive friction plate 9 at the radial distance reducing part is increased, the induced electric charge is increased, and the generated electric signal is increased; when the radial distance is increased, the contact area between the arc-shaped dielectric grinding piece 8 and the arc-shaped conductive friction piece 9 is reduced, the induced electric charge is reduced, and the generated electric signal is reduced. The signal processing unit converts the electric signal into the vibration condition of the rotor shaft of the turbocharger and judges the vibration occurrence condition and the circumferential position of the rotor shaft of the turbocharger in real time.
When the abnormal vibration appears in the turbocharger rotor shaft 1, when the rotor shaft 1 generates axial vibration, the distance between the fan-shaped conductive friction plates 10 and the spiral dielectric grinding plates 11 on the two sides is increased or reduced, the contact area between the fan-shaped conductive friction plates 10 and the spiral dielectric grinding plates 11 is increased or reduced, and the generated electric signals are changed, so that the vibration condition of the turbocharger rotor shaft is reflected, and the vibration occurrence condition and the circumferential position of the turbocharger rotor shaft are judged in real time.
According to a further optimization scheme, the spiral dielectric grinding plate 11 comprises a spiral spring 111 and a spiral flexible dielectric blade 112 fixedly arranged at the outermost circle of the spiral spring 111, each circle body of the spiral spring 111 is not contacted, and the spiral flexible dielectric blade 112 is arranged at one side close to the fan-shaped conductive friction plate 10. The spiral spring 111 is a spiral conical spring, the spiral flexible dielectric blade 112 is arranged on one side of the spiral conical spring with a large section, and one end of the spiral conical spring with a small section is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve 5. The spiral conical spring reduces the occupied space and can generate axial change, thereby detecting the circumferential vibration of the rotor shaft 1.
According to the further optimization scheme, the limiting plate 7 is of a circular ring-shaped structure, the inner diameter of the limiting plate 7 is larger than the outer diameter of the rotor shaft 1, and the rotor shaft 1 cannot influence the limiting plate 1.
In an advanced and optimized scheme, the upper end and the lower end of the supporting shell 2 are symmetrically provided with supporting rods 12 for supporting the whole vibration monitoring device.
The arc-shaped conductive friction plate 9 and the spiral dielectric grinding plate 11 are both flexible dielectric grinding plates, and the flexible dielectric grinding plates are made of polytetrafluoroethylene or silica gel; the outer surface of the flexible dielectric abrasive disc is coated with a nano structure. In order to enhance the output of the electrical signal, a nano-or sub-nano-scale microstructure is distributed on the surface of the conductive friction plate, the microstructure is preferably a nanotube, a nanoparticle, a nanowire, a nano-groove, a nanorod, a nanocone, a nanosphere, a micro-groove and an array formed by the foregoing structures, especially a nano-array of a nanowire, a nanorod or a nanotube, and a linear, cubic or quadrangular pyramid-shaped array which can be prepared by photoetching, plasma etching and other methods, wherein the size of each unit in the array is in the range from nano to micro-scale, as long as the mechanical strength of an electrode film is not affected, and the size and the shape of the unit of the specific microstructure should not limit the scope of the invention.
The signal processing unit comprises a signal input interface, a digital signal converter, a data processor, a data memory and a signal output interface, an input electric signal (mainly a voltage signal) is output to a computer display screen after being processed by an algorithm program, the arc-shaped dielectric grinding disc 8, the arc-shaped conductive friction disc 9, the fan-shaped conductive friction disc 10 and the spiral dielectric grinder are all electrically connected with the signal processing unit, and the signal processing unit is used for converting the electric signal into the vibration condition of the rotor shaft 1 of the turbocharger and judging the vibration occurrence condition and the circumferential position of the rotor shaft of the turbocharger in real time.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should also be able to make various modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such modifications and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.