CN214330279U - Primary and secondary buffering hinge - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a primary and secondary buffering hinge, including the relative pivoted son hinge piece and the mother hinge piece of coaxial, the female sleeve pipe that is equipped with of one side of the said mother hinge piece, one side of the said son hinge piece is equipped with the son sleeve pipe, said mother sleeve pipe and son sleeve pipe coaxial cover establish on the spindle, the said spindle set up the clutch mechanism, when the clutch mechanism is in the separation state, the hinge is fairly ordinary hinge and does not have buffering and automatic reset function, easy to install; simultaneously the utility model discloses the structure to the inside of hinge improves, and damping mechanism can realize the flow and freely adjust, conveniently adjusts the speed that opens and shuts, the utility model discloses a compact structure, each part axial arrangement as far as possible have so greatly reduced the diameter of axle core for the axle core can use on the hinge of small-size.

Description

Primary and secondary buffering hinge

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hinge specifically is a primary and secondary buffering hinge.

Background

The hinge is swing joint between mainly used door and window and door frame or the window frame, and traditional hinge is formed on the axle center by door frame hinge and door leaf hinge, only has the function of rotatory activity, adopts the tradition to close the face owing to there is not damping effect, can not prevent wind and close too fast simultaneously and can strike the door frame, also has the potential safety hazard simultaneously.

The buffering hinge is designed for people, for example, the publication No. CN 06837042B discloses a hydraulic buffering hinge, which comprises a shaft sleeve, a door frame leaf hinged with the shaft sleeve and a shaft core arranged in the shaft sleeve, wherein the shaft sleeve is externally sleeved with the door leaf connected with the shaft core, and one end of the shaft core is provided with a guide part; the guide part is sleeved with a piston clamped with the guide part; an energy storage spring is sleeved outside the shaft core; one end of the energy storage spring is abutted against the upper end of the shaft core, and the other end of the energy storage spring is abutted against the piston; two sides of the piston are provided with mutually symmetrical lead grooves; a rolling sleeve pin is erected in the shaft sleeve and penetrates through the lead grooves on the two sides of the piston, and a rolling sleeve matched with the lead grooves is sleeved outside the rolling sleeve pin; the lead groove is spiral; the upper part of the lead groove is an opening and closing groove, the middle part of the lead groove is a door stopping groove, and the lower part of the lead groove is a buffer groove; positioning notches matched with the rolling sleeves are formed in the two sides of the middle of the lead groove; an adjusting seat is fixed at the lower end port of the shaft sleeve; an adjusting screw is screwed on the adjusting seat; the adjusting screw is connected with an oil needle; an oil needle sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the piston; the oil needle sleeve is provided with a damping hole matched with the oil needle; a damping channel is formed by a gap between the damping hole and the oil needle; the oil needle comprises an upper needle body and a lower needle body, the diameter of the upper needle body is larger than that of the lower needle body, and a step is formed between the upper needle body and the lower needle body; the oil needle sleeve is provided with a one-way valve; hydraulic oil is filled in a cavity formed between the shaft sleeve and the piston; the oil needle sleeve is provided with an auxiliary oil groove which is in a half-cake shape; the damping hole is positioned in the middle of the auxiliary oil groove and communicated with the auxiliary oil groove.

The left and right hinge plates of the hinge need to be opened when the hinge is installed, and the hinge plate is difficult to open due to the elasticity of the energy storage spring which is arranged in the structure; in the structure, the damping mechanism cannot freely adjust the opening and closing speed, so that the elastic force of the energy storage spring cannot be too large, and the door needs a certain speed to ensure the suction of the door lock before the door is closed.

In addition, the conventional buffer hinge cannot be used on small-sized hinges due to the thick shaft core, and particularly, a primary-secondary hinge adopting a buffer structure does not exist at present due to the thick shaft core on the primary-secondary hinge.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a primary and secondary buffering hinge, the shaft core of the buffering hinge is additionally provided with a clutch mechanism, when the clutch mechanism is in a separation state, the hinge is rather a common hinge without buffering and automatic resetting functions, and is convenient to install; simultaneously the utility model discloses the structure to the inside of hinge improves, and damping mechanism can realize the flow and freely adjust, conveniently adjusts the speed that opens and shuts, the utility model discloses compact structure, the diameter of the axle core that has significantly reduced for the axle core can use on small-size hinge.

The following technical scheme is adopted for achieving the purpose:

the utility model provides a primary and secondary buffering hinge, is including sub-hinge piece and the female hinge piece that can coaxial relative rotation, the son has the sub-sleeve pipe on the sub-hinge piece, two female sleeve pipes have on the female hinge piece, and female sleeve pipe distributes at sub-sheathed tube both ends, its characterized in that: the main sleeve and the sub sleeve are coaxially sleeved on the mandrel, the mandrel comprises a first fixing sleeve, a second fixing sleeve and a third fixing sleeve which are coaxially arranged, the first fixing sleeve and the third fixing sleeve are distributed on two sides of the second fixing sleeve in the axial direction, the sub sleeve is sleeved on the second fixing sleeve, and the two main sleeves are respectively sleeved on the first fixing sleeve and the third fixing sleeve; an axial cavity is formed in the first fixed sleeve, an adjusting port and a connecting port are respectively arranged at two ends of the axial cavity, an axial driving mechanism is arranged in the axial cavity, a resistance head is arranged at the adjusting port, and a return spring and a damping adjusting mechanism are arranged between the axial driving mechanism and the resistance head; the axial driving mechanism is provided with a driving shaft which penetrates out of the first fixing sleeve from the connecting port along the axial direction and enters the second fixing sleeve, a clutch mechanism is arranged in the second fixing sleeve and connected with the driving shaft, the clutch mechanism is provided with a clutch nut, the clutch nut is provided with an extension section towards one end of the third fixing sleeve, and the third fixing sleeve is sleeved on the extension section of the clutch nut through a bearing sleeve.

The axial driving mechanism comprises a driving seat, the driving seat comprises a driving shaft and a driving sleeve, a driving cavity is formed in one end, away from the driving shaft, of the driving sleeve, a spiral groove is formed in the side wall of the driving sleeve, and an axial guide groove is formed in the inner wall, corresponding to the driving sleeve, of the axial cavity.

The damping adjusting mechanism comprises a piston, an adjusting rod and an adjusting nut; the piston comprises a piston rod and a piston head, one end of the piston rod is accommodated in the driving cavity, a driving pin is arranged on the piston rod, two ends of the driving pin penetrate through the spiral groove and are accommodated in the axial guide groove, the other end of the piston rod is connected with the piston head, the outer edge of the piston head is matched with the inner wall of the axial cavity to divide the axial cavity into a left cavity, a right cavity, an upper cavity and a lower cavity, hydraulic oil is filled in the axial cavity, a damping cavity is arranged on the piston head and communicated with the left cavity, the right cavity or the upper cavity and the lower cavity, a flow regulating valve is arranged in the damping cavity and connected with a regulating nut through a regulating rod, and the regulating nut is arranged in a regulating hole formed in the damping head.

The piston rod is provided with a connector at one end corresponding to the piston head, the outer edge of the connector is provided with an external thread, an opening at one end of the piston head corresponding to the piston rod forms a damping cavity, and the inner wall of the damping cavity is provided with an internal thread; the piston head is connected with the connector through threads to seal the damping cavity, a connecting round hole and a flow adjusting hole which are communicated with the inside of the damping cavity are formed in the end face, away from the movable rod, of the piston head, and a flow channel hole which is communicated with the damping cavity is further formed in the connector. The flow regulating valve comprises a regulating valve plate, the regulating rod comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the regulating valve plate or is of an integral structure, the first connecting rod extends from the connecting circular hole to the direction of the regulating nut, and the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with the regulating nut or is of an integral structure; the end part of the second connecting rod, corresponding to the first connecting rod, is provided with a connecting groove, a spring is arranged between the adjusting valve plate and the connecting head, and the spring pushes the adjusting valve plate to the direction of the adjusting nut, so that the adjusting valve plate is tightly attached to the connecting round hole and the flow adjusting hole on the inner end surface of the damping cavity; the adjusting nut can drive the adjusting valve plate to rotate through the adjusting rod, and the adjusting valve plate rotates to change the opening and closing of the flow adjusting hole or the aperture size.

Oil seals are arranged between the driving shaft and the resistance head and the inner walls of the connecting port and the adjusting port of the first fixing sleeve respectively; an oil seal is also arranged between the adjusting nut and the inner wall of the adjusting hole, and an oil seal is arranged between the piston head and the inner wall of the first fixed sleeve.

The clutch mechanism comprises a first clutch tooth and a second clutch tooth, a second adjusting port and an accommodating port are respectively arranged at two ends of a second fixed sleeve, the first clutch tooth and the second clutch tooth are accommodated in the second fixed sleeve, axial tooth keys which are matched with each other are arranged between the outer edge of the first clutch tooth and the inner wall of the second fixed sleeve, the second clutch tooth is sleeved on the driving shaft and can axially rotate together with the driving shaft, annular clutch teeth which are matched with each other are arranged on the corresponding end surfaces of the first clutch tooth and the second clutch tooth, a clutch spring is arranged in the middle of the annular clutch teeth, and the clutch spring applies an acting force which is axially far away to the first clutch tooth and the second clutch tooth; and a clutch nut is screwed at the second adjusting port, and the position of the first clutch tooth is axially adjusted by the clutch nut.

The inner diameter of the accommodating port is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting port; the connecting port is accommodated in the accommodating port.

And a plane bearing is arranged between the sub-sleeve and the main sleeve.

The upper end part of the spiral groove is provided with an anti-drop groove.

The utility model discloses having add clutch mechanism, combining and separating between the first fixed cover of clutch mechanism control and the first fixed cover, when department clutch mechanism is in the disengagement state, the hinge is equivalent to ordinary hinge, does not have buffering and automatic re-setting function, and clutch mechanism's setting is opened the hinge when being convenient for the hinge installation, waits to install the back rotatory clutch nut that finishes to push up buffering and automatic re-setting function with the clutch pin to the clutch groove can resume.

In addition, the damping adjusting mechanism of the utility model can freely adjust the size of the flow path, and realize the stepless adjustment of the hinge closing speed so as to meet the requirements of different occasions; meanwhile, because the adjusting range of the damping flow is large, a return spring with large return force can be adopted, so that the door lock has a good buffering effect and can ensure that the return force can overcome the blocking of the door lock; the utility model discloses have compact structure, adjust convenience, the manifold special of function.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic front structural view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mandrel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mandrel of the present invention;

fig. 6 is an exploded view of the mandrel of the present invention (a);

fig. 7 is a schematic view (ii) of the exploded structure of the mandrel of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view (III) of the exploded structure of the mandrel of the present invention

Fig. 9 is a schematic view (one) of the internal structure of the first fixing sleeve of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic view (ii) of the internal structure of the first fixing sleeve of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a second fixing sleeve of the present invention;

fig. 12 is an exploded schematic view of the damping adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, a primary and secondary buffering hinge includes a primary and secondary hinge sheets 81 and 82 capable of rotating coaxially and relatively, the primary hinge sheet 81 has a primary sleeve 83 thereon, the secondary hinge sheet 82 has two primary sleeves 84 thereon, the primary sleeves 84 are distributed at two ends of the primary sleeves 83, and is characterized in that: the main sleeve 84 and the sub sleeve 83 are coaxially sleeved on the mandrel 1, and a plane bearing 85 is arranged between the sub sleeve 83 and the main sleeve 84; the mandrel 1 comprises a first fixing sleeve 2, a second fixing sleeve 3 and a third fixing sleeve 20 which are coaxially arranged, the first fixing sleeve 2 and the third fixing sleeve 20 are distributed on two axial sides of the second fixing sleeve 3, a sub-sleeve 83 is sleeved on the second fixing sleeve 3, and two main sleeves 84 are respectively sleeved on the first fixing sleeve 2 and the third fixing sleeve 20; an axial cavity 21 is formed in the first fixing sleeve 2, an adjusting port 22 and a connecting port 23 are respectively arranged at two ends of the axial cavity 21, an axial driving mechanism is arranged in the axial cavity 21, a resistance head 24 is arranged at the position of the adjusting port 22, and a return spring 25 and a damping adjusting mechanism are arranged between the axial driving mechanism and the resistance head 24; the axial driving mechanism is provided with a driving shaft 41 which penetrates out of the first fixing sleeve 2 from the connecting port 23 along the axial direction and enters the second fixing sleeve 3, a clutch mechanism is arranged in the second fixing sleeve 3 and connected with the driving shaft 41, the clutch mechanism is provided with a clutch nut 38, the clutch nut 38 is provided with an axial extending section 381 towards one end of the third fixing sleeve, and the third fixing sleeve 20 is sleeved on the extending section 381 of the clutch nut 38 through a bearing 201.

The clutch mechanism comprises a first clutch tooth 31 and a second clutch tooth 32, a second adjusting port 33 and an accommodating port 34 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second fixing sleeve 3, the first clutch tooth 31 and the second clutch tooth 32 are accommodated in the second fixing sleeve 3, an axial tooth key 35 which is matched with each other is arranged between the outer edge of the first clutch tooth 31 and the inner wall of the second fixing sleeve, the second clutch tooth 32 is sleeved on a driving shaft 41 and can axially rotate together with the driving shaft 41, annular clutch teeth 36 which are matched with each other are arranged on the corresponding end surfaces of the first clutch tooth 31 and the second clutch tooth 32, a clutch spring 37 is arranged in the middle of the annular clutch teeth 36, and the clutch spring 37 applies an axial far-away acting force to the first clutch tooth 31 and the second clutch tooth 32; a clutch nut 38 is screwed on the second adjusting port 33, and the position of the first clutch tooth 31 is axially adjusted by the clutch nut 38, so that the first clutch tooth 31 and the second clutch tooth 32 are combined and separated; the inner diameter of the accommodating port 34 is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting port 23; the connection port 23 is received in the accommodation port 34.

The axial driving mechanism comprises a driving seat 4, the driving seat comprises a driving shaft 41 and a driving sleeve 42, a driving cavity 43 is formed in one end, far away from the driving shaft 41, of the driving sleeve 42, a spiral groove 44 is formed in the side wall of the driving sleeve 42, and an axial guide groove 26 is formed in the inner wall, corresponding to the driving sleeve 42, of the axial cavity 21.

The damping adjusting mechanism comprises a piston, an adjusting rod and an adjusting nut 56; the piston comprises a piston rod 51 and a piston head 52, one end of the piston rod 51 is accommodated in the driving cavity 43, a driving pin 53 is arranged on the piston rod 51, two ends of the driving pin 53 penetrate through the spiral groove 44 and are accommodated in the axial guide groove 26, the other end of the piston rod 51 is connected with the piston head 52, the outer edge of the piston head 52 is matched with the inner wall of the axial cavity 21 to divide the axial cavity 21 into a left cavity, a right cavity, an upper cavity and a lower cavity, hydraulic oil is filled in the axial cavity 21, a damping cavity 54 is arranged on the piston head 52 and is communicated with the left cavity, the right cavity, the upper cavity and the lower cavity, a flow regulating valve 5 is arranged in the damping cavity 54 and is connected with a regulating nut 56 through a regulating rod, and the regulating nut 56 is screwed in a regulating hole 241 formed in the stopper 24.

Oil seals are respectively arranged between the driving shaft 41 and the resistance head 24 and the inner walls of the connecting port 23 and the adjusting port 22 of the first fixed sleeve 2; an oil seal is also arranged between the adjusting nut 56 and the inner wall of the adjusting hole 241, and an oil seal is arranged between the piston head 52 and the inner wall of the first fixing sleeve 2.

One end of the piston rod 51 corresponding to the piston head 52 is provided with a connector 511, the outer edge of the connector 511 is provided with an external thread, one end of the piston head 52 corresponding to the piston rod 51 is opened to form a damping cavity 54, and the inner wall of the damping cavity 54 is provided with an internal thread; the piston head 52 is connected with the connector 511 through screw threads to seal the damping cavity 54, a connecting round hole 521 and a flow adjusting hole 522 which are communicated with the inside of the damping cavity are arranged on one end face of the piston head 52 away from the movable rod, and a flow passage hole 512 which is communicated with the damping cavity is also arranged on the connector 511. The flow regulating valve comprises a regulating valve plate 55, the regulating rod comprises a first connecting rod 57 and a second connecting rod 58, the first connecting rod 57 is fixedly connected with the regulating valve plate 55 or is of an integral structure, the first connecting rod 57 extends from the connecting circular hole 521 to the regulating nut 56, and the second connecting rod 58 is fixedly connected with the regulating nut 56 or is of an integral structure; the end part of the second connecting rod 58 corresponding to the first connecting rod 57 is provided with a connecting groove 59, a spring 60 is arranged between the adjusting valve plate 55 and the connecting head 511 or the piston rod 51, and the spring 60 pushes the adjusting valve plate 55 towards the adjusting nut 56, so that the adjusting valve plate 55 is tightly attached to the connecting round hole 521 and the flow adjusting hole 522 of the inner end surface of the damping cavity 54; the adjusting nut 56 can drive the adjusting valve plate 55 to rotate through the adjusting rod, and the adjusting valve plate 55 rotates to change the opening and closing or aperture size of the flow adjusting hole 522.

A positioning hole 513 is formed at a position of the connecting head 511 or the end of the piston rod 51 corresponding to the spring 60, and one end of the spring 60 is accommodated in the positioning hole 513; a connecting column 551 is arranged at the joint of the center of the adjusting valve plate 55 and the first connecting rod 57, and the connecting column 551 is tightly matched with the connecting round hole 521 when the first connecting rod 57 passes through the connecting round hole; the flow regulating hole 522 is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped flow regulating hole 522 takes the connecting circular hole 521 as the center; the adjusting valve plate 55 is fan-shaped; the adjustment valve sheet 55 can entirely cover the arc-shaped flow adjustment hole 522.

The utility model discloses the working process is such:

when the clutch mechanism is in a separation state: at the moment, the first fixing sleeve 2 and the second fixing sleeve 3 are also in a separated state and do not work mutually, the third fixing sleeve 20 is sleeved on the extension section 381 of the clutch nut 38 through a bearing, the second fixing sleeve 3 and the third fixing sleeve 20 are always in a separated state, the third fixing sleeve 20 mainly plays a role in enhancing the strength of the hinge, and stress points are uniformly distributed when the hinge is stressed; the damping buffer function is not functional in the separation state, and the hinge is equivalent to a common hinge; in this state, the sub hinge plate and the main hinge plate can rotate freely, and construction is convenient.

When the clutch mechanism is in a combined state: the extending section 381 of the clutch nut 38 is rotated at the end part of the third fixing sleeve 20, so as to drive the clutch nut 38 to jack the first clutch tooth 31 inwards, the first clutch tooth 31 compresses the clutch spring 37, so that the clutch teeth of the first clutch tooth 31 and the second clutch tooth 32 are meshed with each other, because the axial tooth key 35 is arranged between the first clutch tooth 31 and the second fixing sleeve 3, so that the first fixing sleeve 2 and the second fixing sleeve 3 are connected through the clutch mechanism and the axial driving mechanism, when the first fixing sleeve 2 and the second fixing sleeve 3 rotate relatively, namely the driving shaft and the driving sleeve rotate relatively to the first fixing sleeve 2, at this time, the driving pin 53 is blocked by the axial guide groove 26, only moves axially along the spiral groove 44, the driving pin 53 drives the piston rod 51 and the piston head 52 to move axially together, because the axial cavity 21 is filled with hydraulic oil, the piston head 52 moves, so as to cause the hydraulic oil of the two cavities of the piston head 52 to flow, because the damping adjusting mechanism is arranged in the hydraulic buffer, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil can be adjusted by changing the aperture of the runoff channel between the two cavities through the damping adjusting machine, thereby realizing the buffering effect; the piston head 52 axially moves and compresses the return spring 25 at the same time, the return spring 25 is pressed and accumulated to generate restoring force, and once the applied acting force is released, the movable plug 52 reversely moves under the action of the return spring 25 to realize automatic reset.

The utility model is additionally provided with the clutch mechanism, the hinge plate can freely rotate when the clutch mechanism is installed, thereby greatly facilitating the installation work of an installation master; the utility model discloses a clutch mechanism is rational in infrastructure, and the cooperation structure of axial tooth key and cyclic annular meshing tooth connects reliable difficult wearing and tearing, and the assembly is very convenient.

The utility model is also characterized in that the damping adjusting mechanism is optimized and improved, a closed damping cavity 54 is formed by the rotary connection of the connector 511 and the piston head 52, the adjusting rod is divided into a first connecting rod 57 and a second connecting rod 58, the first connecting rod 57 and the adjusting valve plate 55 are integrated, the second connecting rod 58 and the adjusting nut 56 are integrated, the first connecting rod 57 extends from the connecting round hole 521 to the adjusting nut 56, the adjusting valve sheet 55 is tightly attached to the flow adjusting hole 522 under the action of the spring 60, the split screwed structure of the damping cavity 54 facilitates the placing of the adjusting valve sheet 55 in the damping cavity, and compared with the existing structure that two valve sheets are mutually extruded, the first connecting rod 57 extends to the adjusting nut 56, the adjusting rod is easy to butt, installation is more convenient, meanwhile, the damping cavity does not need to adopt a sealing ring, the structure is simpler, and reliability is better.

The utility model is provided with an anti-drop groove 36 at the upper end of the spiral groove 34; when the hinge is opened to the maximum angle, the driving pin 42 enters the anti-falling groove 36, the acting force for opening the door is released, and the reset torsion spring 4 cannot overcome the defect that the driving pin 42 is separated from the anti-falling groove 36, so that the locking function is achieved.

The structure of the utility model can greatly reduce the diameter of the shaft core and can reduce the diameter of the shaft core as much as possible, thereby being used on small-size primary and secondary hinges; the length of the shaft core can be set at will, and only the extension section of the clutch nut needs to be extended and is sleeved with the connecting sleeve; other parts are completely universal, and the universality of the product is greatly improved.

Claims (10)

1. The primary and secondary buffering hinge comprises a primary hinge sheet (81) and a secondary hinge sheet (82) which can rotate coaxially and oppositely, wherein a secondary sleeve (83) is arranged on the primary hinge sheet (81), two primary sleeves (84) are arranged on the primary hinge sheet (82), and the primary sleeves (84) are distributed at two ends of the secondary sleeves (83), and is characterized in that: the core shaft (1) is coaxially sleeved with the female sleeve (84) and the sub sleeve (83), the core shaft (1) comprises a first fixing sleeve (2), a second fixing sleeve (3) and a third fixing sleeve (20) which are coaxially arranged, the first fixing sleeve (2) and the third fixing sleeve (20) are distributed on two axial sides of the second fixing sleeve (3), the sub sleeve (83) is sleeved on the second fixing sleeve (3), and the two female sleeves (84) are respectively sleeved on the first fixing sleeve (2) and the third fixing sleeve (20); an axial cavity (21) is formed in the first fixing sleeve (2), an adjusting port (22) and a connecting port (23) are respectively arranged at two ends of the axial cavity (21), an axial driving mechanism is arranged in the axial cavity (21), a resistance head (24) is arranged at the adjusting port (22), and a return spring (25) and a damping adjusting mechanism are arranged between the axial driving mechanism and the resistance head (24); axial actuating mechanism has a drive shaft (41) to wear out first fixed cover (2) along the axial from connection port (23) to enter into the fixed cover of second (3) in be provided with clutching mechanism, clutching mechanism is connected with drive shaft (41), clutching mechanism has clutch nut (38), clutch nut (38) have extension section (381) to the fixed cover one end of third, the fixed cover of third (20) establish on extension section (381) of clutch nut (38) through bearing (201).

2. The primary and secondary buffer hinges as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the axial driving mechanism comprises a driving seat (4), the driving seat comprises a driving shaft (41) and a driving sleeve (42), a driving cavity (43) is formed in one end, away from the driving shaft (41), of the driving sleeve (42), a spiral groove (44) is formed in the side wall of the driving sleeve (42), and an axial guide groove (26) is formed in the inner wall, corresponding to the driving sleeve (42), of the axial cavity (21).

3. The primary and secondary buffering hinge as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the damping adjusting mechanism comprises a piston, an adjusting rod and an adjusting nut (56); the piston comprises a piston rod (51) and a piston head (52), one end of the piston rod (51) is accommodated in the driving cavity (43), the piston rod (51) is provided with a driving pin (53), two ends of the driving pin (53) penetrate through the spiral groove (44) and are contained in the axial guide groove (26), the other end of the piston rod (51) is connected with the piston head (52), the outer edge of the piston head (52) is matched with the inner wall of the axial cavity (21) to divide the axial cavity (21) into a left cavity, a right cavity, an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the axial cavity (21) is filled with hydraulic oil, the piston head (52) is provided with a damping cavity (54), the damping cavity (54) is communicated with the left cavity, the right cavity, the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the damping cavity (54) is internally provided with a flow regulating valve (5), the flow regulating valve is connected with a regulating nut (56) through a regulating rod, and the regulating nut (56) is screwed in a regulating hole (241) formed in the resistance head (24).

4. A primary and secondary buffering hinge as claimed in claim 3, wherein: one end of the piston rod (51) corresponding to the piston head (52) is provided with a connector (511), the outer edge of the connector (511) is provided with an external thread, one end of the piston head (52) corresponding to the piston rod (51) is opened to form a damping cavity (54), and the inner wall of the damping cavity (54) is provided with an internal thread; the piston head (52) is connected with the connector (511) through threads to seal the damping cavity (54), a connecting round hole (521) and a flow adjusting hole (522) which are communicated with the interior of the damping cavity are formed in the end face, away from the movable rod, of the piston head (52), and a flow passage hole (512) which is communicated with the damping cavity is further formed in the connector (511).

5. The primary and secondary buffer hinges as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the flow regulating valve comprises a regulating valve plate (55), the regulating rod comprises a first connecting rod (57) and a second connecting rod (58), the first connecting rod (57) is fixedly connected with the regulating valve plate (55) or is of an integrated structure, the first connecting rod (57) extends towards the direction of the regulating nut (56) from a connecting circular hole (521), and the second connecting rod (58) is fixedly connected with the regulating nut (56) or is of an integrated structure; the end part of the second connecting rod (58) corresponding to the first connecting rod (57) is provided with a connecting groove (59), a spring (60) is arranged between the adjusting valve plate (55) and the connecting head (511) or the piston rod (51), and the spring (60) enables the adjusting valve plate (55) to be propped against the adjusting nut (56) so that the adjusting valve plate (55) is tightly attached to a connecting round hole (521) and a flow adjusting hole (522) of the inner end face of the damping cavity (54); the adjusting nut (56) can drive the adjusting valve plate (55) to rotate through the adjusting rod, and the adjusting valve plate (55) rotates to change the opening and closing of the flow adjusting hole (522) or the size of the hole diameter.

6. The primary and secondary buffer hinges as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a positioning hole (513) is formed in the position, corresponding to the spring (60), of the end part of the connecting head (511) or the piston rod (51), and one end of the spring (60) is accommodated in the positioning hole (513).

7. The primary and secondary buffering hinge as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a connecting column (551) is arranged at the joint of the center of the adjusting valve plate (55) and the first connecting rod (57), and the connecting column (551) is tightly matched with the connecting round hole (521) when the first connecting rod (57) penetrates through the connecting round hole.

8. The primary and secondary buffering hinge as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the flow regulating hole (522) is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped flow regulating hole (522) takes the connecting circular hole (521) as the center; the adjusting valve plate (55) is fan-shaped; the adjusting valve plate (55) can completely cover the arc-shaped flow adjusting hole (522).

9. A primary and secondary buffering hinge as claimed in claim 3, wherein: oil seals are arranged between the driving shaft (41) and the blocking head (24) and the inner walls of the connecting port (23) and the adjusting port (22) of the first fixing sleeve (2) respectively; an oil seal is also arranged between the adjusting nut (56) and the inner wall of the adjusting hole (241), and an oil seal is arranged between the piston head (52) and the inner wall of the first fixing sleeve (2).

10. The primary and secondary buffer hinges as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the clutch mechanism comprises a first clutch tooth (31) and a second clutch tooth (32), a second adjusting port (33) and an accommodating port (34) are respectively arranged at two ends of a second fixed sleeve (3), the first clutch tooth (31) and the second clutch tooth (32) are accommodated in the second fixing sleeve (3), and an axial tooth key (35) which is matched with each other is arranged between the outer edge of the first clutch tooth (31) and the inner wall of the second fixed sleeve, the second clutch tooth (32) is sleeved on the driving shaft (41) and can axially rotate together with the driving shaft (41), the corresponding end surfaces of the first clutch tooth (31) and the second clutch tooth (32) are provided with annular clutch teeth (36) which are matched with each other, a clutch spring (37) is arranged in the middle of the annular clutch teeth (36), and the clutch spring (37) applies axial far-away acting force to the first clutch teeth (31) and the second clutch teeth (32); the second adjusting port (33) is screwed with a clutch nut (38), and the clutch nut (38) axially adjusts the position of the first clutch tooth (31) to realize the combination and separation of the first clutch tooth (31) and the second clutch tooth (32).

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