CN214224837U - Standard Rockwell hardness tester - Google Patents
Standard Rockwell hardness tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN214224837U CN214224837U CN202120035046.2U CN202120035046U CN214224837U CN 214224837 U CN214224837 U CN 214224837U CN 202120035046 U CN202120035046 U CN 202120035046U CN 214224837 U CN214224837 U CN 214224837U
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- pressure head
- oil duct
- rockwell hardness
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种标准洛氏硬度计，包括压头座，压头座沿上下方向导向移动装配于移动块上，移动块上设置有液压腔，液压腔内导向移动装配有活塞板，活塞板与压头座之间设有传力弹簧，传力弹簧与压头的传力路径上设置有测力传感器，压头座内还设有缓冲腔，缓冲腔的上端与液压腔之间设置有第一油道，缓冲腔的下端与液压腔之间设置有第二油道，移动块上还设置有用于连通缓冲腔与外部大气的大气通道，第一油道上设置有第一油道开关阀和第一油道泄压阀，第二油道上设置有第二油道开关阀。本实用新型解决了现有技术中通过电机实现压头压力加载而导致的最后一步压头无法对压痕底部维持初试验压力，最终导致压痕回弹量出现不准确的技术问题。
The utility model relates to a standard Rockwell hardness tester, which comprises an indenter seat, the indenter seat is guided and moved along the up-down direction and assembled on a moving block, the moving block is provided with a hydraulic chamber, and a piston plate is guided and moved in the hydraulic chamber, and a piston plate is installed in the hydraulic chamber. A force transmission spring is arranged between the plate and the pressure head seat, and a force measuring sensor is arranged on the force transmission path between the force transmission spring and the pressure head. There is a first oil passage, a second oil passage is arranged between the lower end of the buffer chamber and the hydraulic chamber, the moving block is also provided with an atmospheric passage for connecting the buffer chamber and the external atmosphere, and a first oil passage switch is arranged on the first oil passage valve and the first oil passage pressure relief valve, and the second oil passage is provided with a second oil passage on-off valve. The utility model solves the technical problem in the prior art that the last step indenter cannot maintain the initial test pressure on the bottom of the indentation due to the pressure loading of the indenter by the motor, which eventually leads to the inaccuracy of the rebound amount of the indentation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a standard rockwell hardness tester in the hardness measurement calibration field.
Background
The Rockwell hardness is an index for determining a hardness value by an indentation deformation depth, and the basic measurement principle is that, under a specified condition, a Rockwell hardness indenter is operated in the following steps, that is, in the first step, at an initial test pressure F1Next, a Rockwell hardness indenter is pressed into the surface of the sample to produce an indentation, and then the test pressure F is increased2The indentation depth of the indenter into the sample is increased and subsequently the pressure F is removed2Maintaining the pressure F1In this case, the indentation generates a certain degree of springback, and the difference in height between the indentation and the initial indentation is referred to as indentation residual depth, which represents the hardness of rockwell. The standard rockwell hardness tester is a rockwell hardness tester for calibrating rockwell hardness standard block test pieces, and can also directly measure hardness of common test pieces.
In the prior art, weights are loaded in the loading mode of the pressure head, for example, the weight is loaded by a certain massWeight generating initial test pressure F1Then the test pressure F is increased by increasing the number of weights2Then, the newly added weight is subtracted, and finally the initial test pressure F is maintained1Under the action, the residual depth of the indentation is measured. In the figure, item 1 represents a specimen pressed by an indenter, and item 2 represents an indenter pressure of F1Initial indentation depth was generated, item 3 indicates indenter pressure F2The deepest indentation depth produced, item 4 indicates the indenter pressure is represented by F2Is changed into F1After that, the depth of the indentation after springback, the height difference between item 4 and item 2 is called the residual depth of the indentation. The manual weight loading mode is tested, so that the Rockwell hardness measurement completely accords with the corresponding measurement mechanism, and the method has the characteristic of accurate measurement result. However, the manual weight loading method has the disadvantages of low automation degree, high labor intensity, low detection efficiency and the like, and thus chinese patent CN103884614B discloses a "standard rockwell hardness tester motor loading measuring mechanism", in this publication, a stepping motor is used as a power source for providing loading force, when in use, the stepping motor is connected with a spindle screw through a transmission mechanism, the spindle screw can be driven to move axially without the rotation of the stepping motor, and a pressure head is mounted at the lower end of the spindle screw.
Although the novel standard Rockwell hardness tester for providing the loading force through the motor improves the automation degree in the Rockwell hardness detection process to a certain extent and reduces the labor intensity of workers, the Rockwell hardness tester cannot work according to the detection principle of the Rockwell hardness, because three key force action moments exist in the Rockwell hardness detection process, namely, initial test pressure is applied, then test pressure is increased, and finally the initial test pressure is maintained, the existing motor loading mode can only provide the initial test pressure and increase the test pressure, and can not realize the final maintenance of the initial test pressure, because in real operation, the motor rotates towards one direction, the spindle screw moves downwards to increase the pressure on a test piece, when the motor rotates towards the other direction, the spindle screw can generate upward displacement, and the displacement causes a pressure head not to act on the bottom of an indentation, that is to say, in the last step, the indentation bottom can not be guaranteed to keep under the condition of initial test pressure, so that the indentation generates a certain amount of resilience, and the situation that the resilience amount of the indentation exceeds the normal resilience amount possibly occurs is that the residual depth of the indentation is smaller than the actual required value, and the measurement precision of the Rockwell hardness is influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a standard rockwell hardness meter to solve among the prior art and realize through the motor that pressure head pressure loading and the last step pressure head that leads to can't maintain preliminary test pressure to the indentation bottom, finally lead to the indentation resilience volume unsafe technical problem appears.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
a standard Rockwell hardness tester comprises a rack, a motor power mechanism and a pressure head, wherein the motor power mechanism is arranged on the rack, the action end of the motor power mechanism is connected with a movable block capable of moving up and down, the pressure head is arranged at the lower end of a pressure head seat, the pressure head seat is assembled on the movable block in a guiding and moving manner along the up-down direction, a hydraulic cavity is arranged on the movable block, a piston plate is assembled in the hydraulic cavity in a guiding and moving manner, the piston plate is connected with the pressure head seat through a force transmission spring, the force transmission path between the force transmission spring and the pressure head is provided with a force transducer, a buffer cavity is also arranged in the pressure head seat, a first oil duct is arranged between the upper end of the buffer cavity and the hydraulic cavity, a second oil duct is arranged between the lower end of the buffer cavity and the hydraulic cavity, an atmospheric passage for communicating the buffer cavity, and a second oil duct switch valve is arranged on the second oil duct, and an atmosphere channel switch valve is arranged on the atmosphere channel.
The atmosphere passage is connected to the upper end of the buffer chamber.
Two guide rods which are vertically arranged are fixed on the moving block, and the press head seat is assembled on the guide rods in a guiding and moving mode.
The force measuring sensor is arranged at the upper end of the pressure head seat, the lower end of the force transmission spring is fixed on the force measuring sensor, and the upper end of the force transmission spring is fixed on the piston plate.
The first oil duct switch valve, the second oil duct switch valve and the atmosphere channel switch valve are all solenoid valves.
The force sensor is arranged between the pressure head and the pressure head seat.
And a laser displacement sensor is arranged on the side surface of the pressure head seat.
The utility model has the advantages that: when initial pressure loading is carried out on a test piece, the first oil duct switch valve and the second oil duct switch valve are both closed, liquid in the hydraulic cavity can be used for transferring force, the motor power mechanism drives the moving block to move downwards, the moving block transfers force to the press head seat through the liquid in the hydraulic cavity and the force transfer spring, the press head applies initial test pressure to the test piece, and when the specified pressure is reached, the motor power mechanism stops acting; when the pressure needs to be increased for the second time, the first oil duct switch valve and the second oil duct switch valve are kept closed, the motor power mechanism continues to act, and when the specified pressure is reached, the motor power mechanism stops acting; when the pressure of the test piece is unloaded to the initial test pressure by the pressure head, the motor power mechanism drives the movable block to move upwards, the pressure head is acted by the force transmission spring at the moment, the pressure head can not move upwards and keeps contact with the bottom of the indentation until the pressure is unloaded to the initial test pressure, then the resilience of the indentation is waited, the first oil duct switch valve is opened in the process, in the resilience process of the indentation, the pressure head can move upwards, the pressure head can apply upward acting force to the force transmission spring, therefore, the liquid pressure in the hydraulic cavity can be increased, if the pressure is not released, the acting force of the pressure head to the test piece can be larger than the initial test pressure in the resilience process of the indentation, therefore, in the resilience process of the indentation, the liquid in the hydraulic cavity can be released into the buffer cavity, the piston plate can move upwards relative to the hydraulic cavity, in the resilience process of the indentation can be kept, the compression amount of the force transmission spring is unchanged, and the whole resilience process of the indentation can be ensured, the pressure head remains at the initial test pressure to the effort of indentation bottom all the time to guarantee that the resilience process of indentation accords with the measurement principle of rockwell hardness, guarantee the measurement accuracy of rockwell hardness, after the measurement, open second oil duct ooff valve and atmosphere passageway ooff valve, motor power unit drives movable block and pressure head and wholly goes upward, pressure head seat is under self action of gravity, pressure head seat drives the piston board through power transmission spring and moves down, liquid in the buffer chamber is pumped back to the hydraulic pressure chamber through the second oil duct, wait for next operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of Rockwell hardness measurement in the background art of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting block and the press head base in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses the embodiment of well standard rockwell hardness meter is shown in fig. 2~ 3: the automatic pressure head device comprises a frame, a motor power mechanism and a pressure head device, wherein the frame comprises a frame support leg 11 and a frame platen 12 fixed on the frame support leg, a left frame guide post 26 and a right frame guide post 14 are fixed at the upper end of the frame platen, a fixed cross beam 24 is fixed at the upper end of the left frame guide post 26 and the upper end of the right frame guide post 14, the pressure head device comprises a moving block capable of moving up and down under the driving of the motor power mechanism, the moving block comprises a lifting cross beam 21 which is guided to move and assembled on the left frame guide post and the right frame guide post, and the moving block further comprises an installation block 38 fixed at the lower end of the lifting cross beam.
The left side and the right side of the rack are also rotatably provided with a left side transmission screw 27 and a right side transmission screw 13, the left side transmission screw 27 is in threaded fit with the left end of the lifting cross beam 21, and the right side transmission screw 13 is in threaded fit with the right end of the lifting cross beam 21, so that the lifting cross beam forms a screw which cannot rotate but can only move up and down. Motor power unit is including being fixed in the gear motor 8 of frame platen downside, gear motor has the power output shaft that the axis extends along upper and lower direction, the last coaxial line of power output shaft is fixed with driving gear 7, the downside coaxial line in the frame platen on the left side drive screw is fixed with left side lead screw shaft gear 5, the downside coaxial line in the support platen is fixed with right side lead screw shaft gear 10 on the right side drive screw 13, left side lead screw shaft gear 5 is connected with driving gear 7 transmission through left side drive gear 6, right side lead screw shaft gear 10 is connected with driving gear 7 transmission through right side drive gear 9, like this under the drive of driving gear, left side lead screw shaft gear and right side lead screw shaft gear can synchronous syntropy rotate. In addition, in order to avoid dust from entering the left and right transmission screws to affect the transmission precision, the left side transmission screw is covered with a left side shield 25, the right side transmission screw is covered with a right side shield 15, the opening of the left side shield faces to the right, the opening of the right side shield faces to the left, the two ends of the lifting beam 21 penetrate through the corresponding openings, a left corrugated folding plate 23 is arranged between the left end of the lifting beam and the upper end of the left side shield, a left corrugated folding plate 23 is arranged between the left end of the lifting beam and the frame bedplate, a right corrugated folding plate 22 is arranged between the right end of the lifting beam and the upper end of the left side shield, and a right corrugated folding plate 22 is arranged between the right end of the lifting beam and the frame bedplate, the opening of the corresponding shield is shielded by the left corrugated folding plate and the right corrugated folding plate, so as to prevent the field dust from entering the corresponding shield, and simultaneously, the lifting action of the lifting beam can not be affected, when the lifting beam moves upwards, the folding and shrinking of the ripple folded sheet of upside, the ripple folded sheet of downside expandes, and when the lift crossbeam moved down, the ripple folded sheet of upside expandes, and the folding and shrinking of ripple folded sheet of downside.
The mounting block 38 is provided with a hydraulic chamber 35 with a downward opening, a piston plate 36 is movably guided in the hydraulic chamber 35, and the lower end of the mounting block is provided with a piston plate stopping and turning edge 37 for stopping and matching with the piston plate to limit the downward movement of the piston plate. The pressure head 17 is installed on the pressure head seat 20, the left side and the right side of the installation block are fixedly provided with guide rods 29 with axes extending along the vertical direction, the pressure head seat 20 is movably assembled on the guide rods in a guiding mode, the pressure head 17 is fixed at the lower end of the pressure head seat 20, the upper end of the pressure head seat 20 is provided with a force transducer 30, a piston plate 36 is connected with the force transducer through a force transmission spring 18 with axes extending along the vertical direction, the upper end of the specific force transmission spring is fixed on the piston plate, and the lower end of the force transmission spring is fixed on the force transducer. The side of the pressure head base is provided with a laser displacement sensor 28.
Still be equipped with cushion chamber 34 in the installation piece, be provided with first oil duct 33 between the upper end of cushion chamber 34 and the hydraulic pressure chamber 35, be provided with second oil duct 31 between the lower extreme of cushion chamber 34 and the hydraulic pressure chamber 35, still be provided with on the installation piece 38 and be used for communicateing cushion chamber and outside atmospheric atmosphere passageway 32, be provided with first oil duct ooff valve and first oil duct relief valve on the first oil duct 33, be provided with the second oil duct ooff valve on the second oil duct 31, be provided with the atmospheric air passageway ooff valve on the atmospheric air passageway. In the present embodiment, the first oil passage switching valve, the second oil passage switching valve, and the atmosphere passage switching valve are all solenoid valves.
The frame platen is provided with cross sliding table 16 on the lower side of the pressure head, the transverse movement of the cross sliding table is driven by a transverse motor, the longitudinal movement of the cross sliding table is driven by a longitudinal motor, a test piece 19 is arranged on the cross sliding table 16 during use, the cross sliding table can drive the test piece to move left and right, and therefore the pressing position of the pressure head on the test piece is changed, and indentation positions are changed to obtain multiple sets of data.
The utility model discloses an in the use do, motor power unit drives lifting beam through left side lead screw axle, right side lead screw axle and moves down, and lifting beam, installation piece pass through power transmission spring to pressure head seat biography power, and the pressure head is exerted pressure to the test piece, and until the force cell reading is F1At the moment, indentation is generated, the displacement value measured by the laser displacement sensor is the zero displacement value, then the motor power mechanism continues to drive the lifting beam 21 and the mounting block 38 to move downwards, the force transmission spring 18 is compressed, and the acting force of the pressure head on the test piece is gradually increased to F2And recording the reading of the laser displacement sensor once, wherein the first oil duct switch valve and the second oil duct switch valve are both in a closed state in the above process. Then, the first oil duct switch valve is opened, and the motor power mechanism drives the lifting cross beam to move upwards until the acting force of the pressure head on the test piece is restored to F1Keeping a period of time, this in-process is under the effect of biography power spring, and the pressure head exerts the effort to the indentation bottom always, and is unanimous with the required measurement principle of rockwell hardness, and simultaneously at the in-process that the indentation kick-backed, the pressure head can upwards move and exert upward effort to transmission spring, and transmission spring exerts the effort to the piston plate, and the liquid in the hydraulic pressure intracavity is arranged the cushion chamber through first oil duct to realize the pressure release, transmission spring is not compressed, guarantees that the indentation rebounds the in-process, and the pressure head maintains F throughout to the pressure of indentation1And finally measuring the residual depth of the indentation. The utility model is arranged atIn the final indentation resilience process, the pressure head can be ensured to always keep the initial pressure F on the bottom of the indentation1The method is consistent with the measurement principle of the Rockwell hardness, so that the residual depth of the indentation can be accurately measured, and the Rockwell hardness value can be accurately obtained. After the measurement is finished, the motor power mechanism drives the lifting beam to move upwards, the second oil duct switch valve and the atmospheric channel switch valve are opened, the lifting beam has a downward movement trend under the action of the gravity of the press head seat, the press head seat drives the piston plate to move downwards through the force transmission spring, and hydraulic oil in the buffer cavity is pumped back to the hydraulic cavity through the second oil duct. In other embodiments of the present invention, the force sensor may be further disposed at the lower side of the pressure head seat, and the force sensor is located between the pressure head seat and the pressure head.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a standard rockwell hardness tester, includes frame, motor power unit and pressure head, and motor power unit installs in the frame, and motor power unit's action end is connected with the movable block that can reciprocate, its characterized in that: the pressure head is installed at the lower end of the pressure head seat, the pressure head seat is assembled on the movable block in a guiding and moving mode along the up-down direction, a hydraulic cavity is formed in the movable block, a piston plate is assembled in the hydraulic cavity in a guiding and moving mode, the piston plate is connected with the pressure head seat through a force transmission spring extending along the up-down direction through an axis, a force measuring sensor is arranged on a force transmission path of the force transmission spring and the pressure head, a buffer cavity is further formed in the pressure head seat, a first oil duct is arranged between the upper end of the buffer cavity and the hydraulic cavity, a second oil duct is arranged between the lower end of the buffer cavity and the hydraulic cavity, an atmosphere channel used for communicating the buffer cavity with the outside atmosphere is further arranged on the movable block, a first oil duct switch valve and a first oil duct relief valve are arranged on the first oil duct, a second oil duct switch valve is arranged on the second oil duct, and an atmosphere channel switch valve is arranged on the atmosphere channel.
2. The standard rockwell hardness meter according to claim 1, wherein: the atmosphere passage is connected to the upper end of the buffer chamber.
3. The standard rockwell hardness meter according to claim 1, wherein: two guide rods which are vertically arranged are fixed on the moving block, and the press head seat is assembled on the guide rods in a guiding and moving mode.
4. The standard rockwell hardness meter according to claim 1, wherein: the force measuring sensor is arranged at the upper end of the pressure head seat, the lower end of the force transmission spring is fixed on the force measuring sensor, and the upper end of the force transmission spring is fixed on the piston plate.
5. The standard rockwell hardness meter according to claim 1, wherein: the first oil duct switch valve, the second oil duct switch valve and the atmosphere channel switch valve are all solenoid valves.
6. The standard rockwell hardness meter according to claim 1, wherein: the force sensor is arranged between the pressure head and the pressure head seat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120035046.2U CN214224837U (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Standard Rockwell hardness tester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120035046.2U CN214224837U (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Standard Rockwell hardness tester |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214224837U true CN214224837U (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120035046.2U Active CN214224837U (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Standard Rockwell hardness tester |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214224837U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-01-07 CN CN202120035046.2U patent/CN214224837U/en active Active
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