CN213990316U - Three-phase doubly salient alternating-current generator - Google Patents
Three-phase doubly salient alternating-current generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN213990316U CN213990316U CN202022510518.3U CN202022510518U CN213990316U CN 213990316 U CN213990316 U CN 213990316U CN 202022510518 U CN202022510518 U CN 202022510518U CN 213990316 U CN213990316 U CN 213990316U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a three-phase biconvex utmost point alternator, the controller is through installing in proper order in the rotor outside, and the armature winding of the three mutually independent stator assembly who sets up relatively with the rotor salient pole acquires the power, the excitation element for every stator assembly provides the repeated sinusoidal half-wave current that differs 120 degrees, export the three alternating voltage who differs 120 degrees simultaneously, three alternating voltage who differs 120 degrees becomes the output voltage that obtains the three-phase four-wire behind the star connection, thereby three alternating current power supply's output has been realized, and then satisfy the application scene of high-power electricity generation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an alternator technical field, concretely relates to three-phase biconvex utmost point alternator.
Background
The synchronous excitation generator is a traditional generator for outputting alternating current, and comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is provided with a main winding and an auxiliary winding, the rotor is provided with an excitation winding, the auxiliary winding or an excitation voltage generated by an external excitation power supply generates a current to establish a magnetic field by the excitation coil connected to the rotor, so that the main winding of the stator generates alternating voltage when the rotor rotates. The output frequency of the synchronous excitation generator is related to the number of rotor poles and the rotating speed of the rotor, and the volume and the weight of a stator and a rotor are more than doubled compared with a permanent magnet generator and a double-salient-pole generator, and the efficiency is low. Because the synchronous excitation motor has high process maturity and low price, most of the conventional generator sets are synchronous excitation generators at present. The permanent magnet motor is used for replacing a synchronous excitation motor, the inverter is used for converting the permanent magnet motor into stable alternating voltage for output, the size and the weight of the generator set can be greatly reduced, the quality of power output is improved, the rotating speed of an engine can be adjusted according to the size of a load to achieve the purposes of oil saving and noise reduction, the synchronous excitation generator is gradually replaced in a small range at present, but the cost of the inverter generator set is higher than that of the synchronous excitation generator set due to the fact that the cost of the inverter is high, and the inverter generator set cannot completely replace the synchronous excitation generator set.
The synchronous excitation generator set is low in price but large in volume and weight, and the rotating speed cannot be reduced in order to ensure stable output frequency; the inverter generator has small volume, light weight and high power supply quality, can reduce the rotating speed at medium and low loads so as to save oil and reduce noise, but has high cost and is not beneficial to comprehensive popularization.
The double salient pole generator is designed as a double salient pole DC generator, the salient poles of the stator and the rotor are opposite, the stator is provided with an armature winding and an excitation element, and the excitation element can be an electric excitation winding or a permanent magnet or both. The rotor of the doubly salient motor is generally free of permanent magnets, so that the doubly salient motor is high-temperature resistant and simple to machine. The armature winding of the doubly salient DC generator outputs DC through the rectifier bridge, and stable DC voltage output is obtained by controlling the magnetic flux of the excitation winding, and the output DC voltage is irrelevant to the rotating speed. The double salient pole DC generator has the same volume as a permanent magnet motor with the same power, has the characteristics of lower cost, simple structure, high temperature resistance, small volume, light weight and the like, is widely applied to aircraft generators and wind generating sets at present, and the output direct current is directly connected with a DC load or is converted into alternating voltage through an inverter to supply power for the AC load.
If the double salient pole motor can be used for outputting alternating voltage and an inverter is not used, the volume and the weight of the generator set can be reduced, the cost of the generator set can be lower than that of a synchronous excitation generator set, if the output alternating voltage and the output frequency are unrelated to the rotating speed of the motor through control, the rotating speed can be reduced on a fuel generator set so as to achieve the purposes of saving oil and reducing noise, and the wind generator set is suitable for various wind speeds.
The applicant's prior patent "a doubly salient alternator", application No. 2020203186111, provides a doubly salient alternator to achieve output ac voltage without using an inverter to reduce the size and weight of the generator set, while enabling the cost of the generator set to be no higher than that of a synchronous excitation generator set. However, the patent is designed for outputting single-phase alternating current, and the application scene of high-power generation often requires three-phase power output, so that the generator is not suitable for the application scene of high-power generation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at overcoming the not enough of prior art, provide a three-phase biconvex utmost point alternator to realize three-phase alternating current power supply's output, in order to satisfy the application scene of high-power electricity generation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a three-phase doubly salient alternator comprising:
the motor comprises a motor rotating shaft and a rotor sleeved on the motor rotating shaft;
three mutually independent stator assemblies which are sequentially arranged outside the rotor, are arranged opposite to the rotor salient poles and are connected with a controller;
any of the stator assemblies includes: the stator core, twine the armature winding on the salient pole of stator core, and the excitation element that is set up on the stator core, and the excitation winding drive circuit linking with said armature winding, excitation element separately;
the controller obtains power supply through the armature winding of any one or more stator assemblies, provides repeated sine half-wave currents with 120-degree phase difference for the exciting element of each stator assembly, and simultaneously outputs three alternating-current voltages with 120-degree phase difference.
Preferably, the controller includes:
the excitation control circuit is respectively connected with the excitation winding driving circuits of any one or more stator assemblies and used for controlling the excitation winding driving circuits to provide repeated sine half-wave currents with a phase difference of 120 degrees for the respective connected excitation elements;
and the three-phase alternating current gating circuit is respectively connected with the armature windings of the three stator assemblies and is used for outputting three alternating voltages with the mutual difference of 120 degrees.
Preferably, the three-phase doubly salient alternator further comprises:
and the power supply circuit is respectively connected with the armature windings of the three stator assemblies, and obtains power supply through the armature windings to supply power for the controller.
Preferably, the excitation element is a plurality of excitation coil windings;
the winding direction of the excitation coil winding is arranged in a positive-negative-positive-negative alternating mode, and the minimum value of the sine half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is zero.
Preferably, the excitation element includes: at least one pair of permanent magnets and a plurality of field coil windings;
the winding direction of the excitation coil winding is in positive-negative-positive-negative alternate arrangement, the minimum value of the sine half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is negative, the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet are offset at the moment of the minimum value of the excitation current, and the resultant magnetic potential is zero.
Preferably, the field winding drive circuit includes:
controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 and a high-low side driving circuit, the controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a controller, and the PWM waveform is generated by repeating sine half waves through phase shift modulation.
Preferably, the excitation winding drive circuit is supplied with an initial current from a battery BT1 through an isolation diode D20.
Preferably, the power circuit is a three-phase rectifying and filtering circuit consisting of diodes D11-D16 and a filtering capacitor C1.
Preferably, the power circuit is a three-phase bridge circuit consisting of controllable switching elements Q21-Q26 with anti-parallel diodes and a driving circuit, and the controllable switching elements Q21-Q26 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by the controller, and the PWM waveform is a waveform sequence capable of driving the motor to start.
Preferably, any one of the three-phase ac gating circuits comprises:
SCR 1-SCR 12, filter capacitor C2 and an isolation trigger control circuit, wherein,
the silicon controlled rectifiers SCR 1-SCR 12 and the isolation trigger control circuit are divided into a positive half-wave group and a negative half-wave group, and the positive half-wave group and the negative half-wave group are controlled by the controller to be alternately conducted in positive half-wave and negative half-wave to output alternating-current voltage.
The utility model adopts the above technical scheme, possess following beneficial effect at least:
the controller obtains power supply through armature windings of three mutually independent stator assemblies which are sequentially arranged outside the rotor and are opposite to the salient pole of the rotor, provides repeated sine half-wave current with 120-degree phase difference for an excitation element of each stator assembly, simultaneously outputs three alternating voltages with 120-degree mutual difference, and obtains three-phase four-wire output voltage after the three alternating voltages with 120-degree mutual difference are connected in a star shape, so that the output of a three-phase alternating current power supply is realized, and further the application scene of high-power generation is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase doubly salient ac generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2A is a schematic block diagram of a three-phase doubly salient ac generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2B is a schematic diagram of a waveform of an input current of each stator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase circuit of a three-phase doubly salient ac generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an excitation element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an excitation element according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase circuit of a three-phase doubly salient ac generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase circuit of a three-phase doubly salient ac generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-phase doubly salient ac generator, including:
the motor comprises a motor rotating shaft 1 and a rotor 2 sleeved on the motor rotating shaft 1;
referring to fig. 1 and 2A, three independent stator assemblies 3 are sequentially mounted outside the rotor 2, are arranged opposite to the salient poles of the rotor 2, and are connected with a controller 4;
referring to fig. 3, any of the stator assemblies 3 includes: a stator core 30, an armature winding 31 wound on a salient pole of the stator core 30, a field element 32 disposed on the stator core 30, and a field winding driving circuit 33 connected to the armature winding 31 and the field element 32, respectively;
the controller 4, which receives power through the armature windings 31 of any one or more stator assemblies 3, supplies repeated sinusoidal half-wave currents 120 degrees apart to the exciting elements 32 of each stator assembly (see fig. 2B), and outputs three alternating voltages 120 degrees apart from each other.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 2B, the "repeated sinusoidal half-wave currents 120 degrees apart" is a period calculated by synthesizing two sinusoidal half-waves into a complete waveform, as shown in fig. 2B, the two sinusoidal half-wave currents are only one 360 degrees, and the 120 degrees means that the two half-waves are 120 degrees out of the 360 degrees of one period.
It can be understood that, in the technical scheme provided in this embodiment, the controller obtains the power supply through the armature windings of the three mutually independent stator assemblies which are sequentially installed outside the rotor and are arranged opposite to the rotor salient poles, provides the excitation element of each stator assembly with repeated sinusoidal half-wave currents with a phase difference of 120 degrees, and simultaneously outputs three alternating-current voltages with a mutual difference of 120 degrees, and the three alternating-current voltages with a mutual difference of 120 degrees are connected in a star shape to obtain the output voltage of a three-phase four-wire manner, thereby realizing the output of the three-phase alternating-current power supply, and further meeting the application scenario of high-power generation.
Referring to fig. 2A and 3, preferably, the controller 4 includes:
the excitation control circuit 41 is respectively connected with the excitation winding driving circuits 33 of any one or more stator assemblies 3 and is used for controlling the excitation winding driving circuits 33 to provide repeated sine half-wave currents with a phase difference of 120 degrees for the excitation elements 32 connected with the excitation winding driving circuits 33;
and the three-phase alternating current gating circuit 42 is respectively connected with the armature windings 31 of the three stator assemblies 3 and is used for outputting three alternating current voltages which are 120 degrees different from each other.
It should be noted that the input current is a repeated sine half-wave current, and the output voltage is an alternating voltage alternately output by positive and negative half-waves; the sine half-wave current is positively related to the output alternating voltage, and the current frequency is twice of the output voltage frequency.
Referring to fig. 3, preferably, the three-phase doubly salient alternator further includes:
and the power supply circuit 5 is respectively connected with the armature windings 31 of the three stator assemblies 3, and obtains power supply through the armature windings 31 to supply power to the controller 4.
It should be noted that fig. 3 shows an example in which the power circuit 5 is connected to the armature winding 31 of the stator assembly 3 to supply power to the controller 4.
Referring to fig. 4, preferably, the field elements 32 are a plurality of field coil windings;
the winding direction of the excitation coil winding is arranged in a positive-negative-positive-negative alternating mode, and the minimum value of the sine half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is zero.
Referring to fig. 5, preferably, the excitation element 32 includes: at least one pair of permanent magnets 34 and a plurality of field coil windings;
the winding direction of the excitation coil winding is in positive-negative-positive-negative alternate arrangement, the minimum value of the sine half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is negative, the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet are offset at the moment of the minimum value of the excitation current, and the resultant magnetic potential is zero.
It will be appreciated that the resultant magnetic potential generated by the field coil winding and the permanent magnet is zero at the minimum of the sinusoidal half-wave field current, and the armature winding can obtain an initial voltage without energizing the field coil winding due to the presence of the permanent magnet.
Referring to fig. 6, preferably, the field winding driving circuit 33 includes:
controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 and a high-low side driving circuit, the controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by the controller 4, the PWM waveform being generated by repeating sinusoidal half waves through phase shift modulation.
Referring to fig. 7, the field winding driver circuit 33 is preferably supplied with an initial current from a battery BT1 through an isolation diode D20.
Referring to fig. 6, the power circuit 5 is preferably a three-phase rectifying and filtering circuit composed of diodes D11-D16 and a filtering capacitor C1.
Referring to fig. 7, the power circuit 5 is preferably a three-phase bridge circuit composed of controllable switching elements Q21-Q26 with antiparallel diodes and a driving circuit, and the controllable switching elements Q21-Q26 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by the controller 4, the PWM waveform being a waveform sequence that can drive the motor to start.
It can be understood that, when the motor is at rest, the controller 4 may timely turn on the Q21-Q26 in a sensorless driving manner of the switched reluctance motor to start the generator, or timely turn on the Q21-Q26 in a sensorless driving manner of the double-salient dc motor, and simultaneously turn on the excitation winding 32 with dc current to start the generator; the anti-parallel diode of the generator rectifies the voltage generated by the armature winding 31 after the generator starts to operate, and then supplies the power to the field winding driving circuit 61.
Preferably, referring to fig. 6 and 7, any one of the three-phase ac gating circuits 42 includes:
SCR 1-SCR 12, filter capacitor C2 and an isolation trigger control circuit, wherein,
the silicon controlled rectifiers SCR 1-SCR 12 and the isolation trigger control circuit are divided into a positive half-wave group and a negative half-wave group, and the positive half-wave group and the negative half-wave group are controlled by the controller 4 to be alternately conducted in positive half-wave and negative half-wave to output alternating-current voltage.
It should be noted that fig. 6 and 7 are schematic single-phase circuit diagrams of a three-phase doubly salient ac generator, and the technical solution provided by the present invention is to realize the output of a three-phase ac power source, because the schematic circuit diagrams of each phase are the same, only the phase sequence of the gate pulse of the ac gate circuit is 120 degrees of phase synchronization deviation of the excitation current of the stator assembly where the phase is located, and therefore, in view of the requirements of the drawing size and definition of the application text, the present application does not show the schematic diagrams of other two phases together.
It should be noted that, as described in the above embodiments, current and voltage control of the controller, isolation triggering of the thyristor, driving of the IGBT and the MOSFET, starting of the switched reluctance motor, starting of the doubly salient dc motor, and the like are not described in detail, and these technologies are all the prior art, and can be obtained through networks, books, and the like, and are not described in detail herein; the semiconductor switch element IGBT or MOSFET, or thyristor in the embodiments is not limited to use of IGBT or MOSFET, or thyristor, and may be replaced by another element capable of performing electronic switching according to the cost and the requirement of new material development, and the related replacement should be regarded as equivalent replacement, and all are within the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise.
Claims (10)
1. A three-phase doubly salient alternator comprising:
the motor comprises a motor rotating shaft (1) and a rotor (2) sleeved on the motor rotating shaft (1);
three mutually independent stator assemblies (3) which are sequentially arranged outside the rotor (2), are arranged opposite to the salient poles of the rotor (2) and are connected with a controller (4);
any of the stator assemblies (3) includes: the stator core (30), the armature winding (31) wound on the salient pole of the stator core (30), the excitation element (32) arranged on the stator core (30), and the excitation winding driving circuit (33) respectively connected with the armature winding (31) and the excitation element (32);
the controller (4) obtains power supply through the armature windings (31) of any one or more stator assemblies (3), provides repeated sine half-wave currents with 120-degree phase difference for the exciting elements (32) of each stator assembly (3), and simultaneously outputs three alternating voltages with 120-degree mutual difference.
2. The three-phase double salient-pole alternator according to claim 1, characterized in that said controller (4) comprises:
the excitation control circuit (41) is respectively connected with the excitation winding driving circuits (33) of the three stator assemblies (3) and is used for controlling the excitation winding driving circuits (33) to provide repeated sine half-wave currents with a phase difference of 120 degrees for the excitation elements (32) which are respectively connected;
and the three-phase alternating current gating circuit (42) is respectively connected with the armature windings (31) of the three stator assemblies (3) and is used for outputting three alternating voltages with the mutual difference of 120 degrees.
3. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 2, further comprising:
and the power supply circuit (5) is respectively connected with the armature windings (31) of any one or more stator assemblies (3), acquires power supply through the armature windings (31) and supplies power to the controller (4).
4. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 1,
the excitation elements (32) are a plurality of excitation coil windings;
the winding direction of the excitation coil winding is arranged in a positive-negative-positive-negative alternating mode, and the minimum value of the sine half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is zero.
5. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 1,
the exciting element (32) includes: at least one pair of permanent magnets (34) and a plurality of field coil windings;
the winding direction of the excitation coil winding is in positive-negative-positive-negative alternate arrangement, the minimum value of the sine half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is negative, the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet are offset at the moment of the minimum value of the excitation current, and the resultant magnetic potential is zero.
6. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 1,
the field winding drive circuit (33) includes:
controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 and a high-low side driving circuit, the controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a controller (4), and the PWM waveform is generated by repeated sine half waves through phase shift modulation.
7. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 1,
the field winding drive circuit (33) is supplied with an initial current from a battery BT1 through an isolation diode D20.
8. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 3,
the power circuit (5) is a three-phase rectifying and filtering circuit consisting of diodes D11-D16 and a filtering capacitor C1.
9. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 3,
the power circuit (5) is a three-phase bridge circuit consisting of controllable switching elements Q21-Q26 with anti-parallel diodes and a driving circuit, the controllable switching elements Q21-Q26 are driven by PWM (pulse-width modulation) waveforms generated by the controller (4), and the PWM waveforms are waveform sequences capable of driving the motor to start.
10. The three-phase double salient pole alternator according to claim 2,
any one of the three-phase ac gating circuits (42) includes:
SCR 1-SCR 12, filter capacitor C2 and an isolation trigger control circuit, wherein,
the silicon controlled rectifiers SCR 1-SCR 12 and the isolation trigger control circuit are divided into a positive half-wave group and a negative half-wave group, and the positive half-wave group and the negative half-wave group are controlled by the controller (4) to be alternately conducted in positive half-wave and negative half-wave to output alternating-current voltage.
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| CN112234734A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-15 | 龚治俊 | A three-phase doubly salient alternator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112234734A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-15 | 龚治俊 | A three-phase doubly salient alternator |
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Effective date of registration: 20220610 Address after: 400050 No. 6-12, building 1, No. 5, torch Avenue, Jiulongpo District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing baiertai Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 400000 Shapingba District, Chongqing, No. 252 Xiaolongkanzheng Street, No. 8 7-1 Patentee before: Gong Zhijun |
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