CN213941876U - First-aid device for cardiac arrest - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a first aid device for cardiac arrest belongs to the medical instrument field. The first aid device comprises host computer and defibrillation electrode piece module (11), and the host computer includes: the device comprises a main control module (1), an electrocardio acquisition detection module (2), a chest impedance detection module (3), a high-voltage charging detection energy storage module (4), an H-bridge discharging module (5), a built-in numerical control resistance module (6), a relay switching module (7), a man-machine interaction module (8), a wireless data communication module (9), a battery power supply module (10), a host computer is installed inside a structural body, and a defibrillation electrode plate module is connected with the host computer through a cable. The electrode plate is connected with the patient in a lead mode, the electrocardiosignal is collected and monitored, and whether electric shock defibrillation is needed or not is analyzed and judged. The device can also guide non-medical care rescuers to carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the patient through images and voice. The device can export the data of the emergency event process through a wireless interface.

Description

First-aid device for cardiac arrest

Technical Field

The patent relates to an emergency treatment device for providing semi-automatic shock defibrillation treatment and cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) treatment guidance for a patient with sudden cardiac arrest, and belongs to the field of medical equipment.

Background

According to relevant statistical documents and data published by the national cardiovascular disease center, the number of people who die of Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) in China every year is estimated to be 54.4 thousands of people, and the reason of the sudden death is cardiac arrest caused by sudden heart disease.

The first important point of the rescue of the cardiac arrest person is that the heart can be restored to normal operation by cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (mainly chest compression and artificial respiration) and electric shock defibrillation within the optimal rescue time of 'gold 4 minutes'. Later, every 1 minute of treatment delay, the patient's death probability will increase by 7% -10%, if the patient is unable to be effectively treated within ten minutes of falling down, the survival probability will be very poor.

If there is no first-aid device, the rescuer can only use cardiopulmonary resuscitation to rescue. Although correct cardiopulmonary resuscitation can temporarily replace the heart beat to make blood continuously circulate and supply oxygen to vital organs of the body, the effect is limited after all, and the heart cannot recover to the normal heart rate. Effective chest compression needs to be positioned in the middle of the chest, 100 times per minute and 120 times per minute, the depth is 5-6 cm, the thorax is fully rebounded, professional training is needed, and the common people have low mastery.

After sudden cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation occurs in more than 80%, and defibrillation is necessary to timely save lives. Thus, chest compressions alone, rather than shock defibrillation in time, wait for the first aid 120 physician to arrive at a substantially missed best rescue time.

In view of the general defibrillation monitor, only professional medical staff can use the defibrillation monitor in a special environment such as a hospital, and the defibrillation monitor is large in size, heavy in weight, complex to operate, and incapable of being used in social public places due to the requirement of a 220V network power supply. Therefore, it is very important to have a portable, simple and convenient to operate, non-medical personnel out-of-hospital emergency device.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

This patent provides a device for sudden cardiac arrest, provides convenient electric shock defibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation operation guidance for the person of suing and labouring, and then improves the rescue success rate outside the hospital.

This patent first aid device, as shown in fig. 1, the system is by host system (1), detection module (2) is gathered to the electrocardio, through chest impedance detection module (3), high-voltage charging detects energy storage module (4), H bridge discharge module (5), built-in numerical control resistance module (6), relay switch module (7), man-machine interaction module (8), wireless data communication module (9), battery power module (10), electrode piece module (11) are defibrillated and are constituteed.

1. The electrocardio collecting and detecting device comprises a main control module (1), an electrocardio collecting and detecting module (2), a chest impedance detecting module (3), a high-voltage charging detecting and energy storing module (4), an H-bridge discharging module (5), a numerical control resistance module (6), a relay switching module (7), a man-machine interaction module (8), a wireless data communication module (9), a battery power supply module (10) is installed inside a structure body, and a defibrillation electrode plate module is used for conducting lead with a patient, acquiring an electric signal and outputting electric energy to the patient.

2. The defibrillation electrode slice transmits the electrocardiosignals from the chest of the human body to the electrocardio acquisition and detection module, the electrocardiosignals are filtered and amplified, and the analog signals are transmitted to the main controller for ADC conversion, as shown in figure 3. After the main controller preprocesses the electrocardiosignal, on one hand, the electrocardiosignal of the human body is displayed in real time through the LCD screen, and on the other hand, the collected electrocardiosignal data is labeled and stored in Flash in real time. Meanwhile, the preprocessed electrocardiosignals are subjected to algorithm analysis processing, whether defibrillation electric shock needs to be carried out on the patient is judged, and the patient is helped to recover the normal cardiac function.

3. The transthoracic impedance detection module is composed of two units, as shown in fig. 6. Wherein the function of unit a: detecting the low-voltage impedance of the human body by releasing a low-voltage sine wave signal to the human body; judging whether the defibrillation electrode plates are closely attached to the patient before the patient is defibrillated by electric shock according to the low-voltage impedance, and then preventing the device from carrying out the external error discharge operation under the condition of open circuit or short circuit; function of unit B: high voltage is applied to a human body to collect transthoracic current, high voltage discharge thoracic impedance of the human body is calculated, and then the waveform of the defibrillation biphasic square wave is adjusted according to the thoracic impedance, so that the electric shock current flowing through the heart of the patient is maintained to be as stable as possible, and myocardial damage of the patient is reduced.

4. As shown in fig. 4, the main controller selects the defibrillation voltage corresponding to the energy storage capacitor to be charged at a high voltage according to the preset sequence 120J, 150J, 200J of defibrillation energy. The main controller outputs a PWM signal to control the MOS tube to rapidly charge the energy storage capacitor through the flyback isolation transformer. The main controller collects and monitors the voltage value of the energy storage capacitor in the charging process in real time by using the ADC, and immediately stops charging the energy storage capacitor when the defibrillation voltage is reached.

5. As shown in fig. 5, the main controller controls the relay to switch from the electrocardiograph acquisition circuit to the defibrillation discharge circuit, so as to realize the isolation of the high-voltage part and the low-voltage part and discharge the electricity to the outside. The device uses a biphase square wave technology to defibrillate and rescue a patient, and generates a positive phase and a negative phase of defibrillation current flowing through the heart of the patient by an H-bridge positive and negative communication method, so as to realize biphase; the magnitude of a series resistor in a defibrillation discharge circuit is controlled through a low-voltage isolation driver, so that the defibrillation current change is relatively stable.

6. This device sends the pronunciation through loudspeaker and guides the suggestion: the self-checking condition of the equipment, the connection condition of the defibrillation electrode plates, the process of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, the pressing frequency and the defibrillation treatment process; displaying indication information through an LCD (liquid crystal display): real-time electrocardio signals, real-time heart rate, defibrillation times, rescue process time and defibrillation electric shock prompt. The LED indicating red light is used for warning the rescuer to keep away from the patient, and the defibrillation key is pressed to shock and rescue the patient. And indicating the self-checking state result of the equipment by using a state symbol display screen.

7. This device can use wireless wiFi communication mode to carry out patient's electrocardio data collection's derivation and the rescue playback of first aid process, makes the reference basis for follow-up professional medical personnel's further treatment.

8. As shown in fig. 2, the device uses the battery module to supply power to the whole system. The battery module includes: a battery box shell, 10 sections of two groups of disposable non-rechargeable manganese dioxide lithium batteries, overcurrent protection and a blade type battery connector.

9. The equipment has the functions of power-on self-test, week self-test and month self-test, and the time of the equipment can be configured. Through the self-checking inside the device, whether the performance of the key circuit is normal or not can be detected, the abnormal factors of the equipment can be eliminated in time, the use reliability is improved, the equipment cannot be normally rescued in emergency rescue, and the safety and the effectiveness are ensured.

10. The device rescues the patient according to the standard flow of '2015 guidelines for cardio-pulmonary resuscitation and cardiovascular first aid', and the defibrillation shock and the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation are alternately carried out.

11. The operation of the main controller is realized by software, and the normal operation flow of the software is shown in fig. 7.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a battery module according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the electrocardiosignal acquisition circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the utility model discloses a high voltage charging detects energy storage circuit and constitutes.

Fig. 5 shows the defibrillation bidirectional square wave implementation circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a high-low voltage mode transthoracic impedance measurement circuit assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a software operation flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 3, electrocardiosignals enter the device after being led from the body of a patient through the defibrillation electrode slice. The electrocardiosignal is often accompanied by noises such as baseline drift interference, myoelectricity interference, power frequency interference and the like in the acquisition process. Therefore, the electrocardio analog signal needs to be low-pass filtered to filter high-frequency noise. The normal amplitude of the electrocardiosignal is generally between 10uV and 4mV, and the typical value is 1 mV. Such weak signals cannot be directly processed by the master control, and thus need to be amplified and adjusted to the range of the master control adaptation. The electrocardio differential signal is primarily amplified using instrumentation amplifier INA 333. The band-pass filter filters out noise outside the band of 0.5 Hz-35 Hz.

As shown in fig. 6, the low-voltage measurement of transthoracic impedance is performed by using a complex impedance measurement ic AD5933 in combination with a peripheral auxiliary circuit, and directly outputting a value under the control of an I2C bus program. In the high-voltage measurement mode, 50 omega resistors in the machine are all connected into a discharge loop, and at the beginning of the defibrillation discharge process, the main control ADC detects the high voltage of the energy storage capacitor and the loop current sensed by the Hall current sensor respectively, and the transthoracic impedance is processed and calculated.

As shown in fig. 4, the main controller collects the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor through the ADC, adjusts the output PWM to turn on and off the N-MOSFET Q, and charges the energy storage capacitor Cs in cooperation with the flyback isolation transformer T. The resistors R1, R2 and R3 divide the high voltage, high-frequency noise exists on the energy storage capacitor in the charging process, and RC low-pass filtering is performed for accurate and reliable rear-end sampling. The voltage follower has the characteristic of high input resistance, is equivalent to the fact that the detection circuit opens the resistor R3, and does not influence the voltage division ratio of the resistor R3. The optical coupling isolation makes the high-voltage part and the low-voltage part safely isolated, and can isolate 3000V voltage. When the voltage comparator is set to meet 2100V, a low level is output, and the capacitor is directly closed to be charged. The protective function of the energy storage capacitor over-voltage charging is achieved.

As shown in figure 5, the double-pole double-throw relay isolates the defibrillation discharging circuit and the electrocardio acquisition detecting module, only when discharging is needed, the relay is switched once, and the initial state is to acquire the electrocardio of a patient. The H bridge is composed of 4 IGBTs, and each path can bear 3000V withstand voltage when the H bridge is turned off and 80A continuous current when the H bridge is turned on. When the positive phase current is output, Q1 and Q3 are turned on. When the negative phase current is output, Q2 and Q4 are conducted. Q5 is turned off, and resistor R1 is connected to the discharge circuit along with the patient's transthoracic impedance, and the defibrillation current is reduced. Q5 is conducted, the resistor R1 is short-circuited, the resistance of the discharge loop is reduced, and the defibrillation current is increased. The internal discharge loop has 6 resistance states (0 omega, 10 omega, 20 omega, 30 omega, 40 omega and 50 omega) and can respectively control the access size through the main control IO port to adjust the current change in the discharge process.

As shown in figure 2, the device is powered by two groups of manganese dioxide lithium batteries, each group is formed by connecting 5 CR123 batteries in series, and the power supply voltage is + 15V. The purpose of supplying power to the two groups together is to provide larger supply current for the flyback control circuit and reduce charging time. The maximum energy required to defibrillate is met within 10 seconds. The PTC protection battery is used for protecting the battery from being damaged due to overheating and overcurrent, so that the equipment failure risk is reduced, and the safety and reliability are improved. The blade type battery connector is a connector which can realize overlarge current, has very small contact resistance and is firmly connected.

As shown in fig. 7, after the device is started and operated, the device performs system self-check to automatically judge whether the heart rhythm passes or not, performs electrocardiogram acquisition after the heart rhythm passes, simultaneously, the algorithm starts to analyze whether the heart rhythm needs to be defibrillated or not, automatically completes the high-voltage charging process if the heart rhythm needs to be defibrillated, prompts an operator to press a defibrillation key in a voice and image mode, if the defibrillation key is pressed, the device performs defibrillation discharge therapy on the patient, guides the operator to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the patient after the defibrillation is completed, lasts for about 2 minutes, analyzes the heart rhythm of the patient again to judge, and repeats the above process for 3 times until the patient recovers the normal sinus rhythm.

Claims (5)

1. An emergency device for cardiac arrest, characterized by: the system comprises the following components: the device comprises a main control module (1), an electrocardio acquisition detection module (2), a chest impedance detection module (3), a high-voltage charging detection energy storage module (4), an H-bridge discharging module (5), an internal numerical control resistance module (6), a relay switching module (7), a man-machine interaction module (8), a wireless data communication module (9), a battery power supply module (10) and a defibrillation electrode plate module (11);

the defibrillation electrode plate module is used for conducting lead connection with a patient, acquiring an electric signal and outputting electric energy to the patient;

the electrocardio acquisition and detection module is used for amplifying, filtering and converting electrocardio input signals and then inputting the signals into the main control module, the main control module processes electrocardio data, the electrocardio data are displayed in real time through the man-machine interaction module, original electrocardio data are stored, algorithm analysis is carried out on the data, and a judgment basis for judging whether the patient releases electric energy is given;

the transthoracic impedance detection module is connected with the main control module and is used for measuring the transthoracic impedance of the patient, and input data of the transthoracic impedance detection module are used as discharge output of the main control module and control conditions of the two-phase square waves in different forms;

the main control module is connected with the high-voltage charging detection energy storage module, the H-bridge discharging module, the built-in numerical control resistance module and the relay switching module, and controls and finishes the output of the defibrillation energy and the biphase square wave through an electric time sequence signal;

the main control module is connected with the wireless data communication module and is used for carrying out bidirectional transmission of data or control commands;

the main control module is connected with the man-machine interaction module and is used for guiding and prompting output of voice and images; and the battery power supply module is used for providing required electric energy for each functional module.

2. The first aid device of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps of applying two different electric signal modes of low voltage and high voltage to a patient, collecting transthoracic current of the patient in the two modes, indirectly calculating the loop impedance of the human body in the two states, providing a discharging preset energy selection basis for the device, and providing a judgment basis for the sticking state of the defibrillation electrode plate for the device.

3. The first aid device of claim 1, wherein: the high-voltage charging detection energy storage module can control the flyback circuit to charge the energy storage capacitor at high voltage in real time.

4. The first aid device of claim 1, wherein: the main control module realizes the defibrillation biphase square wave technology by controlling the H-bridge discharging module and the built-in numerical control resistance module.

5. The first aid device of claim 1, wherein: the battery power supply module consists of a battery box shell, a disposable battery, overcurrent protection and a blade type battery connector.

Images