CN213808035U

CN213808035U - System for diagnosing pump valve fault of drilling pump according to change of lag angle

Info

Publication number: CN213808035U
Application number: CN202022549011.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段宏康
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-06
Filing date: 2020-11-06
Publication date: 2021-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a according to hysteresis angle change diagnosis drilling pump valve fault system, including position sensor, force transducer, the computational equipment, display device, equipment malfunction alerting device, position sensor is used for gathering drilling pump bent axle 1 turned angle, force transducer is used for gathering suction pressure and discharge pressure signal in every hydraulic cylinder 5 of drilling pump, the computational equipment is used for calculating every hydraulic cylinder 5 pressure variation's under the different corners of bent axle corresponding relation, judge whether drilling pump suction pump valve 9 or discharge pump valve 8 take place to damage, display device demonstrates the accurate position of pump valve damage, equipment malfunction alerting device has reported to the police pump valve trouble to having appeared. The utility model provides a according to lag angle change diagnosis drilling pump valve fault system, the pump valve running state in can not only the real time monitoring drilling pump overhauls the pump valve according to pump valve fault state and reports to the police, has improved the security of monitoring personnel in monitoring pump valve operation process moreover.

Description

System for diagnosing pump valve fault of drilling pump according to change of lag angle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a petroleum engineering equipment field, concretely relates to according to hysteresis angle change diagnosis drilling pump valve fault system.

Background

With the increasing drilling parameters of oil fields and the increasing requirements on the working performance of drilling pumps, the drilling pumps are developing towards the directions of high power, large displacement and high pumping pressure (two large parts and one high part for short), the service life of wearing parts is shortened for the drilling pumps, particularly the service life of wearing parts of pump valves is greatly shortened, the frequency of replacing the pump valves is undoubtedly increased, and the replacement of the pump valves is a very difficult task in the maintenance work of the drilling pumps; in order to meet the requirement of 'two big and one high' of the drilling pump, the number of cylinders of the drilling pump is changed from three cylinders to five cylinders, each cylinder is provided with a suction pump valve 9 and a discharge pump valve 8, and the more the hydraulic cylinders 5 are, the more the pump valves are, the more the frequency of replacing the pump valves is increased. In the past, whether a pump valve needs to be replaced is judged by means of close-range observation of workers and a drilling pump, the judgment skill requirement of the workers is high, more importantly, the workers and the high-pressure drilling pump are in close-range observation, personal safety risks of the workers are increased, if the experience of the workers in judging whether the pump valve is damaged in the operating state of the drilling pump is insufficient, the drilling pump is stopped, all the hydraulic cylinders 5 are disassembled for inspection, and the workers often replace the pump valve with a new pump valve when the pump valve is disassembled for inspection every time in order to reduce workload, so that the labor intensity and labor time of the workers are greatly increased, the consumption number of the pump valves is increased, and the operating cost of drilling is increased, and therefore, an automatic diagnosis system for the drilling pump valve is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to can remote diagnosis which suction pump valve 9 or discharge pump valve 8 of a kind of bore hole pump cylinder has damaged, the utility model provides a according to hysteresis angle change diagnosis bore hole pump valve fault system, only need unpack apart the pump valve of diagnosing the damage alright, the pump valve that does not have the damage need not to examine, avoids that kind of original in order to reduce work load of workman, when taking apart the inspection pump valve, will also continue the pump valve that uses and change into new pump valve.

The system for diagnosing the fault of the pump valve of the drilling pump according to the change of the hysteresis angle is characterized by comprising a position sensor, a force sensor, computing equipment, display equipment and equipment fault alarm equipment;

the position sensors are a crankshaft 1 position sensor and a crosshead 3 position sensor, the crankshaft 1 position sensor is installed at the end part of a crankshaft 1 of the drilling pump, the crosshead 3 position sensor is installed on the moving side surface of a crosshead 3, and the position sensors are used for collecting the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 (including the initial angle of the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 of 0 degree) and outputting a rotation angle signal of the crankshaft 1 so as to determine the accurate positions of the lowest pressure and the highest pressure hysteresis point;

the force sensor is a strain type pressure sensor or a piezoresistive pressure sensor, and one force sensor is arranged on each hydraulic cylinder 5;

the computing equipment receives signals of a crankshaft 1 position sensor, a crosshead 3 position sensor and a force sensor, calculates the delay angle of the lowest pressure and the highest pressure of each hydraulic cylinder 5 and the relative position of the crankshaft 1 position angle, can determine an initial value in each drilling pump working condition field, and judges which hydraulic cylinder 5 has an abnormal suction pump valve 9 or an abnormal discharge pump valve 8 according to the angle change of the delay point of the lowest pressure and the highest pressure;

the display equipment is a PC display or an HMI touch screen and displays the concrete positions of the drilling pump suction pump valve 9 and the discharge pump valve 8 in which the hydraulic cylinder 5 is damaged, wherein the concrete positions are calculated by the calculation equipment;

and the equipment fault alarm equipment performs sound alarm according to the abnormal condition judged by the computing equipment.

The utility model has the effects of can not only real time monitoring the pump valve running state in the drilling pump, overhaul the warning to the pump valve according to pump valve fault state, improve the security of monitoring personnel in the monitoring pump valve operation process moreover.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a borehole pump.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 and a change in pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 5.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for diagnosing a failure of a pump valve of a drill pump based on a change in a lag angle.

The reference numerals are as follows

A crankshaft 1-1; a connecting rod 2-2; 3-3 of a crosshead; back dead center 4-4; 5-5 of a hydraulic cylinder; front dead center 6-6; a piston 7-7; discharge pump valves 8-8; suction pump valves 9-9;

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments, and various changes made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the borehole pump rotates a crankshaft 1 by external power, and then converts the rotation of the crankshaft 1 into the reciprocating motion of a piston 7 through a connecting rod 2 and a crosshead 3, and the main working mechanisms of the borehole pump are the reciprocating piston 7, an automatically opening and closing suction pump valve 9 and a discharge pump valve 8. The space between the piston 7, the slurry acting surface, the suction pump valve 9 and the discharge pump valve 8 is called a hydraulic cylinder 5. The starting point and the end point of the piston 7 are referred to as dead points of the movement of the piston 7, the dead point on the side far from the crankshaft 1 is a front dead point 6, the front dead point 6 corresponds to the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 and is 0 °, the dead point on the side close to the crankshaft 1 is a rear dead point 4, and the rear dead point 4 corresponds to the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 and is 180 °. One drilling pump only has one crankshaft 1, but a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 5 are provided, the number of the common hydraulic cylinders 5 is 3 and 5, the common hydraulic cylinders are respectively called as a three-cylinder drilling pump and a five-cylinder drilling pump, and each hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided with a suction pump valve 9 and a discharge pump valve 8.

The drilling pump achieves the purpose of conveying mud by means of the periodic change of the volume in the hydraulic cylinder 5, when the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 is 0 degrees, the piston 7 runs to a front dead center 6, and when the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 is 180 degrees, the piston 7 runs to a rear dead center 4; when the crankshaft 1 rotates from 0 degrees, the piston 7 moves towards the back dead center 4, the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 5 is lower than the pressure outside the suction pump valve 9, the suction pump valve 9 is opened, the discharge pump valve 8 is closed, mud enters the hydraulic cylinder 5 from the suction pump valve 9, when the crankshaft 1 rotates to 180 degrees, the piston 7 moves to the back dead center 4, the mud occupies the space of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the process is a mud suction process of a drilling pump. When the crankshaft 1 continues to rotate, from 180 ° to 360 ° (i.e., 0 ° of the next cycle), the corresponding piston 7 moves from the rear dead center 4 to the front dead center 6, the suction pump valve 9 is closed, the discharge pump valve 8 is opened, and the mud is pressed out of the discharge pump valve 8 and conveyed downhole, which is a process of discharging mud by the drill pump.

The drill pump belongs to a reciprocating pump, and the opening and closing of a pump valve of the reciprocating pump require time, so that the common point of the reciprocating pump is that the opening and closing time of the pump valve cannot coincide with the time when the piston 7 moves to a dead point, and the delay is bound to exist. The lag phenomenon of the drilling pump is more obvious, and because the displacement of the drilling pump is large and mud has relatively high viscosity, the pump valve is required to have relatively large valve seat hole flow passage diameter (about 100 mm) and valve lift (about 20 mm), which are much larger than other reciprocating pumps, so that the opening and closing lag angle of the pump valve of the drilling pump is larger and reaches 10 degrees to 20 degrees.

The hysteresis in the opening and closing of the pump valves of the borehole pump causes the hysteresis in the lowest and highest pressures in the hydraulic cylinder 5, for example, when the piston 7 moves from the rear dead center 4 to the front dead center 6 (0 ° rotation of the crankshaft 1), the discharge of the borehole pump is completed, and the intake of the borehole pump is started. In the process of discharging mud by the drilling pump, the suction pump valve 9 is closed, if the mud discharging process of the drilling pump is finished, namely when the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 is 0 degrees, the discharge pump valve 8 is immediately closed, the drilling pump starts to enter the mud suction process, the mud pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 5 is reduced to the lowest, the suction pump valve 9 is immediately opened to suck new mud into the hydraulic cylinder 5, but due to the closing delay of the discharge pump valve 8, after the drilling pump enters the mud suction process, the discharged high-pressure mud can flow back to the hydraulic cylinder 5 from the discharge pump valve 8, so that the mud pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 5 cannot be the lowest at the front dead center 6 (namely when the crankshaft 1 is 0 degrees at the starting point), until the discharge pump valve 8 is closed, the mud suction process of the drilling pump is carried out for a certain distance, or the crankshaft 1 continues to rotate for a certain angle, and the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is reduced to the lowest, this lowest point of pressure is therefore the end point of closing of the discharge pump valve 8. The degree between the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 at this point and 0 ° of the crankshaft 1 (front dead center 6) is the lag angle. If the discharge pump valve 8 is normal, the sealing effect is good, the lag angle at each time is a constant angle value, if the discharge pump valve 8 is damaged, the sealing effect is not good, high-pressure slurry outside the discharge pump valve 8 can continuously flow back into the hydraulic cylinder 5 from the gap of the damaged discharge pump valve 8, the time for the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 5 to be reduced to the lowest point is prolonged, namely, the lag angle value is larger, and the discharge pump valve 8 can be judged to be in fault according to the change value of the lag angle (the lag of the opening of the suction pump valve 9 at the stage has little influence on the pressure reduction to the lowest point).

Similarly, when the piston 7 goes from the front dead center 6 to the rear dead center 4 (the crankshaft 1 rotates to 180 °), the mud suction process of the drill pump is finished, and the mud discharge process of the drill pump is started. During the process of sucking mud by the drilling pump, the discharge pump valve 8 is closed, if the process of sucking mud by the drilling pump is finished, namely the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 is 180 degrees, the suction pump valve 9 is immediately closed, the drilling pump starts to enter the process of discharging mud, the mud pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 5 rises to the highest, the discharge pump valve 8 is immediately opened to discharge mud out of the hydraulic cylinder 5, but due to the closing delay of the suction pump valve 9, after the drilling pump enters the process of discharging mud, part of high-pressure mud flows back to a suction pipe outside the suction pump valve 9 from the suction pump valve 9, so that the mud pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 5 cannot be the highest at the rear dead center 4 (namely when the crankshaft 1 is 180 degrees), until the suction pump valve 9 is closed, the mud discharging process of the drilling pump is carried out for a certain distance, or the crankshaft 1 continues to rotate for a certain angle, and the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 5 rises to the highest, this highest point of pressure is therefore the closing end point of the suction pump valve 9. The value of degrees between the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 at this point and 180 deg. of the crankshaft 1 (rear dead center 4) is the lag angle. If the suction pump valve 9 is normal, the sealing effect is good, the lag angle at each time is a constant angle value, if the suction pump valve 9 is damaged, the sealing effect is not good, high-pressure slurry in the hydraulic cylinder 5 can be continuously discharged from the gap of the suction pump valve 9 into a suction pipe outside the suction pump valve 9, the time for the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 5 to rise to the highest point is prolonged, namely, the lag angle value is larger, and the suction pump valve 9 can be judged to have a fault according to the change value of the lag angle (the influence of the lag of the opening of the discharge pump valve 8 on the pressure rise to the highest point is small at this stage).

Referring to fig. 3, a system for diagnosing a failure of a pump valve of a drilling pump according to a change of a hysteresis angle comprises a position sensor, a force sensor, a computing device, a display device and a device failure alarm device.

In the system, the position sensors are a crankshaft 1 position sensor and a crosshead 3 position sensor, the crankshaft 1 position sensor is installed at the end part of a crankshaft 1 of the drilling pump, and the crosshead 3 position sensor is installed at the moving side surface of a crosshead 3 and is used for collecting the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 (including the initial angle of the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 of 0 degree) and outputting a rotation angle signal of the crankshaft 1 to computing equipment so as to determine the accurate positions of the lowest pressure and the highest pressure hysteresis point. Because a drilling pump only has a crankshaft 1, only one crankshaft 1 position sensor is needed to be installed, and only one crosshead 3 position sensor is needed to be installed on the moving side surface of one crosshead 3.

In the system, the force sensors are strain type pressure sensors or piezoresistive pressure sensors, one force sensor is arranged on each hydraulic cylinder 5, namely 3 force sensors are arranged on 3 hydraulic cylinders 5, 5 force sensors are arranged on 5 hydraulic cylinders 5, and pressure change of each hydraulic cylinder 5 is transmitted to the computing equipment.

In the system, a computing device receives signals of a position sensor of a crankshaft 1, signals of a position sensor of a crosshead 3 and signals of a force sensor of each hydraulic cylinder 5, calculates the lagging angle of the lowest pressure and the highest pressure of each hydraulic cylinder 5 and the relative position of the position angle of the crankshaft 1, can determine the intact initial value of a pump valve on the site of each drilling pump working condition, and judges which suction pump valve 9 or discharge pump valve 8 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is abnormal according to the angle change of the lagging point;

the display device of the system is a PC display or an HMI touch screen and displays the concrete positions of the hydraulic cylinders 5 where the suction pump valve 9 and the discharge pump valve 8 of the drilling pump are damaged, which are calculated by the calculation device.

The system can diagnose which suction pump valve 9 or discharge pump valve 8 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 of the drilling pump is damaged according to the lag angle change in a long distance, workers only need to disassemble the pump valve for diagnosing the damage, the pump valve without damage does not need to be inspected, and the original condition that the pump valve which can be continuously used is replaced by a new pump valve when the pump valve is disassembled for inspection is avoided.

The system can monitor the running state of the pump valve in the drilling pump in real time, overhaul and alarm the pump valve according to the fault state of the pump valve, and improve the safety of monitoring personnel in the running process of the pump valve.

The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge range of those skilled in the art, and all these changes belong to the protection of the present invention, and also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for diagnosing the fault of a pump valve of a drilling pump according to the change of a hysteresis angle is characterized by comprising a position sensor, a force sensor, a computing device, a display device and a device fault alarm device;

the position sensor is used for acquiring the rotation angle of a crankshaft 1 of the drilling pump (including the initial angle of the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 of 0 degree);

the force sensor is used for acquiring suction pressure and discharge pressure signals in each hydraulic cylinder 5 of the drilling pump;

the calculation equipment is used for calculating the corresponding relation of pressure change of each hydraulic cylinder 5 under different rotation angles of the crankshaft 1 and judging whether the suction pump valve 9 or the discharge pump valve 8 of the drilling pump is damaged or not;

the display device displays the exact position of the pump valve damage;

the equipment fault alarm equipment alarms the pump valve fault of the drilling pump.

2. The system for diagnosing a pump valve failure of a drill pump based on a change in a lag angle as recited in claim 1, wherein the position sensors are a crankshaft 1 position sensor and a crosshead 3 position sensor, the crankshaft 1 position sensor is installed at an end of a crankshaft 1 of the drill pump, and the crosshead 3 position sensor is installed at a side of a movement of a crosshead 3, and functions to collect a rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 (including an initial angle of 0 degrees of a rotation angle of the crankshaft 1) and output a crankshaft 1 rotation angle signal so as to determine an accurate position of a lag point of a lowest pressure and a highest pressure.

3. The system for diagnosing pump valve failure of a drill pump based on the change in the hysteresis angle of claim 1, wherein the force sensor is a strain gauge pressure sensor or a piezoresistive pressure sensor, one for each cylinder 5.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the computing device receives signals from the crankshaft 1 position sensor, the crosshead 3 position sensor, and the force sensor, calculates the relative position of the angle of the lowest pressure and highest pressure lag for each cylinder 5 and the crankshaft 1 position angle, and the computing device can determine an initial value in situ for each borehole pump condition.

5. The system for diagnosing the failure of the well pump valve according to the change of the hysteresis angle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display device is a PC display or an HMI touch screen which displays the specific position of the well pump suction pump valve 9 and the discharge pump valve 8 in which the hydraulic cylinder 5 is damaged, which is calculated by the calculation device.

6. The system for diagnosing a malfunction of a pump valve of a drill pump based on a change in the hysteresis angle of claim 1, wherein the device malfunction alerting device alerts audibly based on the abnormal condition determined by the computing device.