CN213304186U - Fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213304186U CN213304186U CN202022556788.8U CN202022556788U CN213304186U CN 213304186 U CN213304186 U CN 213304186U CN 202022556788 U CN202022556788 U CN 202022556788U CN 213304186 U CN213304186 U CN 213304186U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell system, which comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen loop and an air loop, wherein the hydrogen loop comprises a hydrogen circulating device and a water separator, a hydrogen source is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen circulating device, an air inlet of the water separator is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, and an air outlet of the water separator is connected with the hydrogen circulating device; the air loop comprises an air filter, an air compressor, an atomizer and an intercooler which are sequentially connected in series, the outlet of the intercooler is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the water outlet of the water separator is connected with the atomizer; according to the fuel cell system, the atomizer is arranged at the rear end of the air compressor of the air loop, so that moisture discharged by the anode of the galvanic pile can be timely added into the air to humidify the galvanic pile without an additional water source, and the purposes of increasing the humidity of the air and the moisture in the galvanic pile and reducing the internal resistance of the galvanic pile are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field, in particular to fuel cell system.
Background
The membrane tube humidifier adopted by a fuel cell system in the current market can effectively solve the problem of air humidification, but the humidifier is large in size, and the humidity of air humidification is limited to a certain extent due to the fact that wet air exhausted by a galvanic pile is adopted to humidify dry air. At present, the humidification of a humidifier on the market is close to the dew point temperature and can reach 15 ℃ at the minimum, when the working temperature of a galvanic pile is 75 ℃ and the temperature difference of the galvanic pile is within 10 ℃, the relative humidity of air humidification can reach about 50 percent and can be adjusted to be low, but the relative humidity of the air humidification can not reach a larger humidification proportion, and along with the increase of the running temperature of the galvanic pile, the relative humidity of the air humidification is further reduced, so that the internal reaction of the galvanic pile is not facilitated.
A fuel cell system humidification scheme is to pass part of the exhausted hydrogen to the air filter, in this case, the humidity of the air is increased to a certain extent, and the air contains a certain amount of hydrogen, after the air enters the electric pile, the water is produced by the catalysis of the catalyst, the membrane electrode is wetted, and the electric pile resistance is reduced. However, the hydrogen is discharged into the air inlet, so that the air temperature of the air inlet is increased, the density of air is reduced, the difficulty of compressing air by the air compressor is increased, the energy consumption of the air compressor is increased, and the efficiency of the system is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a fuel cell system to reach the humidity and the inside moisture of galvanic pile that increase the air, reduce the purpose of galvanic pile internal resistance.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a fuel cell system comprising:
a fuel cell stack;
the hydrogen loop comprises a hydrogen circulating device and a water separator, a hydrogen source is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen circulating device, an air inlet of the water separator is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, and an air outlet of the water separator is connected with the hydrogen circulating device;
the air circuit comprises an air filter, an air compressor, an atomizer and an intercooler which are sequentially connected in series, wherein an outlet of the intercooler is connected with an air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and a water outlet of the water separator is connected with the atomizer.
Preferably, the delivery port of water knockout drum pass through the three-way valve with the atomizer is connected, the import of three-way valve with the delivery port of water knockout drum is connected, the first export of three-way valve with the atomizer is connected, the second export of three-way valve is connected to the tail calandria of fuel cell stack.
Preferably, the hydrogen circulation device comprises a hydrogen injection ejector; or the hydrogen circulating device comprises a proportional valve and a circulating pump which are connected in series; or, the hydrogen circulating device comprises an ejector and a circulating pump which are connected in series with each other; or the hydrogen circulating device comprises a hydrogen jet ejector and a circulating pump which are connected in series.
Preferably, the fuel cell system further comprises a water circulation loop, wherein the water circulation loop comprises a thermostat, a radiator, a heater and a water pump, a water inlet of the thermostat is connected with a water outlet of the fuel cell stack, a first water outlet of the thermostat is connected with the radiator, a second water outlet of the thermostat is connected with the heater, and the radiator and the heater are respectively connected with the water inlet of the fuel cell stack through the water pump.
Preferably, the water circulation circuit further includes an expansion tank disposed between the water pump and the water inlet of the fuel cell stack.
Preferably, a water inlet of the intercooler is connected with a water outlet of the water pump, and a water outlet of the intercooler is connected with a water inlet of the water pump.
Preferably, a throttle valve is arranged on the tail exhaust pipe of the fuel cell stack.
According to the above technical solution, the utility model discloses a fuel cell system, this fuel cell system includes fuel cell stack, hydrogen return circuit and air return circuit, wherein, the hydrogen return circuit includes hydrogen circulating device and water knockout drum, and the hydrogen source passes through hydrogen circulating device and is connected with the hydrogen import of fuel cell stack, and the air inlet of water knockout drum is connected with the hydrogen export of fuel cell stack, and the gas outlet of water knockout drum is connected with hydrogen circulating device; the air loop comprises an air filter, an air compressor, an atomizer and an intercooler which are sequentially connected in series, the outlet of the intercooler is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the water outlet of the water separator is connected with the atomizer; when the device is applied, water and hydrogen discharged by the water separator enter the atomizer, the liquid water is dispersed into liquid water drops through atomization and then is mixed with high-temperature air pressurized by the air compressor, the liquid water drops can be directly gasified by the high-temperature air to increase the humidity of the air, and the shortage of humidifying capacity caused by the attachment of atomized liquid water particles on an air pipeline is avoided because of high temperature; meanwhile, water discharged by the water separator contains part of hydrogen, and when the hydrogen enters the inside of the electric pile, the water can quickly react with oxygen in the air at the inlet of each single cell of the electric pile to generate water to wet the membrane electrode, so that the possibility that the moisture at the front end of the membrane electrode is taken away by the air flowing at a high speed, the reaction speed is reduced, and the membrane is dried is avoided; therefore, the atomizer is arranged at the rear end of the air compressor of the air loop, moisture discharged by the anode of the galvanic pile can be timely added into the air to humidify the galvanic pile without an additional water source, and therefore the purposes of increasing the humidity of the air and the moisture in the galvanic pile and reducing the internal resistance of the galvanic pile are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
1 is a fuel cell stack; 2 is a hydrogen loop; 201 is a hydrogen jet ejector; 202 is a source of hydrogen; 203 is a water separator; 3 is an air loop; 301 is an air filter; 302 is an air compressor; 303 is an atomizer; 304 is an intercooler; 4 is a three-way valve; 5 is a throttle valve; 6 is a water circulation loop; 601 is a thermostat; 602 is a heat sink; 603 is a heater; 604 is a water pump; 605 is an expansion tank.
Detailed Description
The core of the utility model is to provide a fuel cell system to reach the humidity and the inside moisture of galvanic pile that increase the air, reduce the purpose of galvanic pile internal resistance.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a fuel cell system is disclosed, this fuel cell system includes fuel cell stack 1, hydrogen return circuit 2 and air return circuit 3.
The hydrogen loop 2 comprises a hydrogen circulating device and a water separator 203, a hydrogen source 202 is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 through the hydrogen circulating device, an air inlet of the water separator 203 is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack 1, and an air outlet of the water separator 203 is connected with the hydrogen circulating device; the air loop 3 comprises an air filter 301, an air compressor 302, an atomizer 303 and an intercooler 304 which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the outlet of the intercooler 304 is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 1, and the water outlet of the water separator 203 is connected with the atomizer 303.
It can be seen that, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a fuel cell system is when using, and during moisture and hydrogen that water knockout drum 203 exhaust entered atomizer 303, dispersed liquid water into liquid water droplet through the atomizing, and the high temperature air after the pressurization through air compressor machine 302 mixes, and high temperature air can directly gasify liquid water droplet to increase the humidity of air, because the temperature is higher, need not worry liquid water particle after the atomizing and attach to the air pipeline, cause the ability of humidifying not enough; meanwhile, because the water discharged by the water separator 203 contains part of hydrogen in the water, when the hydrogen enters the inside of the stack, the hydrogen can quickly react with oxygen in the air at the inlet of each single cell of the stack to generate water to wet the membrane electrode, so that the possibility that the moisture at the front end of the membrane electrode is taken away by the air flowing at high speed, the reaction speed is reduced, and the membrane is dried is avoided; therefore, the atomizer 303 is arranged at the rear end of the air compressor 302 of the air loop 3, so that moisture discharged by the anode of the galvanic pile can be timely added into the air to humidify the galvanic pile without an additional water source, and the purposes of increasing the air humidity and the moisture in the galvanic pile and reducing the internal resistance of the galvanic pile are achieved.
It is easy to understand, the moisture that water knockout drum 203 separates may surpass the demand of atomizer 303, for this, in an embodiment the utility model relates to an embodiment, the delivery port of water knockout drum 203 passes through three-way valve 4 and is connected with atomizer 303, three-way valve 4's import is connected with the delivery port of water knockout drum 203, three-way valve 4's first export is connected with atomizer 303, three-way valve 4's second export is connected to the tail calandria of fuel cell stack 1, and thus, air humidity is lower, atomizer 303 is when long-term or high-power operation, accessible three-way valve 4 is with water knockout drum 203 and atomizer 303 intercommunication, realize that water knockout drum 203 supplies water to atomizer 303, if air humidity is higher, atomizer 303 only is the short time or operates with lower power, the water demand is less, then accessible three-way valve 4 communicates water knockout drum 203 with the.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen circulation device includes a hydrogen injection ejector 201.
Of course, it should be noted that the hydrogen circulation device is not limited to the above-mentioned hydrogen injection ejector 201, and in other embodiments, the hydrogen circulation device may further include a proportional valve and a circulation pump which are connected in series; alternatively, the hydrogen circulation device may further include an ejector and a circulation pump connected in series with each other; alternatively, the hydrogen circulation device may further include a hydrogen injection ejector 201 and a circulation pump connected in series with each other.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the fuel cell system further comprises a water circulation loop 6, the water circulation loop 6 comprises a thermostat 601, a radiator 602, a heater 603 and a water pump 604, a water inlet of the thermostat 601 is connected with a water outlet of the fuel cell stack 1, a first water outlet of the thermostat 601 is connected to the radiator 602, a second water outlet of the thermostat 601 is connected to the heater 603, and the radiator 602 and the heater 603 are respectively connected with the water inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 through the water pump 604.
Preferably, the water circulation circuit 6 further comprises an expansion water tank 605, the expansion water tank 605 is arranged between the water pump 604 and the water inlet of the fuel cell stack 1, when the temperature of the circulating water rises, the volume of the water in the system increases, when the expansion amount of the water is not accommodated, the water pressure in the water circulation circuit 6 increases, which will affect the normal operation, by arranging the expansion water tank 605, the expansion amount of the water in the water circulation circuit 6 is accommodated by the expansion water tank 605, the fluctuation of the water pressure of the water circulation circuit 6 caused by the expansion of the water can be reduced, the safety and the reliability of the operation of the water circulation circuit 6 are improved, and when the water circulation circuit 6 leaks water or the circulating water is cooled due to some reason, the water level of the expansion water tank 605 is reduced, which supplements the water for.
Further, a water inlet of the intercooler 304 is connected with a water outlet of the water pump 604, a water outlet of the intercooler 304 is connected with a water inlet of the water pump 604, and the water pump 604 drives the circulating water to cool the fuel cell stack 1 and simultaneously drives part of the circulating water to serve as a refrigerant of the intercooler 304.
Further, a throttle valve 5 is provided on the tail pipe of the fuel cell stack 1.
When the fuel cell system is operated, the gas reacts in the fuel cell stack 1 to produce a large amount of water, and permeates back to the anode via the membrane electrode, and is carried out of the fuel cell stack 1 together with unreacted hydrogen, and the water in the gas is separated from the hydrogen while passing through the water separator 203. Hydrogen is recycled into the fuel cell stack 1 through the hydrogen recycling device to continue reaction; detecting the air humidity of an air inlet of the fuel cell stack 1, if the air humidity is lower than a first preset value, controlling a three-way valve 4 to conduct a water separator 203 and an atomizer 303, controlling a drain valve of the water separator 203 to be opened according to a first preset frequency, enabling separated water to enter the atomizer 303 through the three-way valve 4, and simultaneously controlling the atomizer 303 to be opened to humidify air;
and detecting the liquid level in the atomizer 303, and controlling the three-way valve 4 to conduct the water separator 203 and the tail pipe when the liquid level in the atomizer 303 exceeds a limit value.
Further, after the preset time, if the air humidity is still lower than the first preset value, the drain valve of the water separator 203 is controlled to be opened according to a second preset frequency, the power of the atomizer 303 is simultaneously improved, the second preset frequency is higher than the first preset frequency, so that the frequency of discharged water and hydrogen is increased, the discharged water and hydrogen enter the atomizer 303 through the three-way valve 4, and simultaneously enter the fuel cell stack 1 together with the air in the air loop 3, and the moisture generated by the reaction of the hydrogen and the oxygen humidifies the fuel cell stack 1 simultaneously, so that the internal humidity of the fuel cell stack 1 is prevented from being too low, the resistance is increased, and the system performance is influenced.
In a region with higher air humidity, the air humidity may directly meet the requirement without additional humidification, and therefore, if the air humidity at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 is detected to be higher than the second preset value, and the second preset value is higher than the first preset value, the power of the atomizer 303 is reduced or the atomizer 303 is closed, and if the water level in the atomizer 303 is detected to reach the limit value or the atomizer 303 is closed, the three-way valve 4 is controlled to conduct the water separator 203 and the tail pipe, so that redundant liquid water is discharged, and the air humidity is reduced.
Preferably, when the fuel cell system is started, no liquid water exists in the water separator 203 and the atomizer 303, after a start-up signal of the fuel cell system is received, the hydrogen loop 2 of the fuel cell system performs hydrogen purging, air in the hydrogen loop 2 is discharged out of the hydrogen system, the fuel cell stack 1 is prevented from generating a hydrogen-air interface of an anode, the service life of the fuel cell stack 1 is influenced, meanwhile, a drain valve of the water separator 203 is opened, the water separator 203 and the atomizer 303 are communicated by controlling a three-way valve 4, and the purged hydrogen enters the air loop 3 through a pipeline;
after the hydrogen purging is finished, the throttle valve 5 on the tail exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is opened, the air compressor 302 in the air loop 3 and the water pump 604 in the water circulation loop 6 are started, and the drain valve of the water separator 203 is controlled to be opened according to a third preset frequency.
Therefore, when the fuel cell system is started, a small amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen loop 2 is discharged into the air loop 3 and enters the fuel cell stack 1 to directly react at the cathode of the fuel cell stack 1 to generate water, so that the membrane electrode of the fuel cell stack 1 is wetted, the internal resistance of the fuel cell stack 1 is reduced, and the system generates power normally.
When the fuel cell system is shut down, the three-way valve 4 communicates the drain valve with the tail drain pipe of the fuel cell stack 1, and the liquid water separated by the water separator 203 is directly discharged to the tail drain pipe through the three-way valve 4 and does not enter the atomizer 303 any more, so that the influence on the service life of the fuel cell stack 1 caused by excessive water inside the fuel cell stack 1 after the shutdown is prevented.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
a fuel cell stack;
the hydrogen loop comprises a hydrogen circulating device and a water separator, a hydrogen source is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen circulating device, an air inlet of the water separator is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, and an air outlet of the water separator is connected with the hydrogen circulating device;
the air circuit comprises an air filter, an air compressor, an atomizer and an intercooler which are sequentially connected in series, wherein an outlet of the intercooler is connected with an air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and a water outlet of the water separator is connected with the atomizer.
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the water outlet of the water separator is connected to the atomizer through a three-way valve, an inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the water outlet of the water separator, a first outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the atomizer, and a second outlet of the three-way valve is connected to a tail pipe of the fuel cell stack.
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrogen circulation means includes a hydrogen injection ejector; or the hydrogen circulating device comprises a proportional valve and a circulating pump which are connected in series; or, the hydrogen circulating device comprises an ejector and a circulating pump which are connected in series with each other; or the hydrogen circulating device comprises a hydrogen jet ejector and a circulating pump which are connected in series.
4. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a water circulation loop, wherein the water circulation loop comprises a thermostat, a radiator, a heater and a water pump, a water inlet of the thermostat is connected with a water outlet of the fuel cell stack, a first water outlet of the thermostat is connected with the radiator, a second water outlet of the thermostat is connected with the heater, and the radiator and the heater are respectively connected with the water inlet of the fuel cell stack through the water pump.
5. The fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein the water circulation loop further comprises an expansion tank disposed between the water pump and the water inlet of the fuel cell stack.
6. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein a water inlet of the intercooler is connected to a water outlet of the water pump, and a water outlet of the intercooler is connected to a water inlet of the water pump.
7. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 and 6, wherein a throttle valve is provided on a tail pipe of the fuel cell stack.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022556788.8U CN213304186U (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2020-11-06 | Fuel cell system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022556788.8U CN213304186U (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2020-11-06 | Fuel cell system |
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| CN213304186U true CN213304186U (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112216853A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-12 | 风氢扬氢能科技(上海)有限公司 | A fuel cell system and its humidity control method |
| CN115084604A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-20 | 大连一元氢能源科技有限公司 | High-power fuel cell cathode water recycling, humidifying and reusing system |
| CN116936872A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-24 | 上海徐工智能科技有限公司 | Air pre-filtration device for fuel cell and control method thereof and fuel cell |
-
2020
- 2020-11-06 CN CN202022556788.8U patent/CN213304186U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112216853A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-12 | 风氢扬氢能科技(上海)有限公司 | A fuel cell system and its humidity control method |
| CN115084604A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-20 | 大连一元氢能源科技有限公司 | High-power fuel cell cathode water recycling, humidifying and reusing system |
| CN115084604B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-09-01 | 大连一元氢能源科技有限公司 | High-power fuel cell cathode water recovery, humidification and reuse system |
| CN116936872A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-24 | 上海徐工智能科技有限公司 | Air pre-filtration device for fuel cell and control method thereof and fuel cell |
| CN116936872B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2024-02-02 | 上海徐工智能科技有限公司 | Air prefilter for fuel cell, control method of air prefilter and fuel cell |
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