CN212768287U - Pot and basin separating and conveying device with adjustable basin diameter - Google Patents
Pot and basin separating and conveying device with adjustable basin diameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN212768287U CN212768287U CN202021329493.0U CN202021329493U CN212768287U CN 212768287 U CN212768287 U CN 212768287U CN 202021329493 U CN202021329493 U CN 202021329493U CN 212768287 U CN212768287 U CN 212768287U
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Abstract
本实用新型提供一种盆径可调式钵盆分离输送装置，包括机架、调节机构、夹持机构、吸附机构、输送机构、驱动机构、移动机构和PLC控制装置，所述机架上侧固定安装有调节机构和PLC控制装置，调节机构内侧设有夹持机构，夹持机构的下侧前后对称固定安装有吸附机构，所述机架内侧设有输送机构，所述调节机构的一侧设有驱动机构，所述机架下侧固定安装有移动机构。该盆径可调式钵盆分离送落装置在已经成功研发盆栽花卉移栽机并解决精准移栽问题的基础上，设计出能精准分离和输送不同盆径的软质钵盆的装置，使分离后的钵盆稳定可靠的输送到下一工位，解决了移栽机作业对象单一、钵盆输送不稳定的问题，为花卉全自动移栽机的研发和应用推广奠定基础。
The utility model provides a pot-diameter-adjustable bowl-pot separating and conveying device, which comprises a frame, an adjusting mechanism, a clamping mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a driving mechanism, a moving mechanism and a PLC control device, wherein the upper side of the frame is fixed An adjustment mechanism and a PLC control device are installed, a clamping mechanism is arranged inside the adjustment mechanism, an adsorption mechanism is installed symmetrically and fixedly on the lower side of the clamping mechanism, a conveying mechanism is arranged inside the frame, and one side of the adjustment mechanism is There is a driving mechanism, and a moving mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower side of the frame. On the basis of the successful research and development of potted flower transplanting machine and solving the problem of accurate transplanting, the pot diameter adjustable pot separation and delivery device is designed to accurately separate and transport soft pots with different pot diameters. The latter bowl is stably and reliably transported to the next station, which solves the problem of single operation object of the transplanter and unstable delivery of the bowl, and lays a foundation for the research and development and application promotion of the automatic flower transplanter.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, particularly, especially, relate to a alms bowl basin separation conveyor with adjustable basin footpath.
Background
In recent years, the production scale of potted flowers in China keeps steadily and uniformly increasing, and miniaturized, refined and flat-priced products become the market development trend. Potted flowers have remarkable advantages in the aspects of convenient centralized management, improvement of economic benefits and the like, so pot seedling is widely applied to agricultural planting of flowers and the like. In the pot seedling raising process, the plant cultured in the plug is transplanted into the pot for subsequent growth and cultivation, which is an important step, and the transplanting efficiency and quality have important influence on flower production.
At present, the transplanting operation of potted flowers in China still mainly adopts manpower, and the transplanting matching equipment of potted flowers is not perfect. Before potted flowers are transplanted, separated flowerpots need to be placed on a conveying device, then soil loading and pit digging operations are carried out, and finally the transplanted flowerpots are transported to designated positions of a greenhouse. In current automatic transplanter of large-scale flowers cave dish seedling, fixed model type is many, and the used flowerpot of transplanter mostly is the stereoplasm plastics alms bowl basin, and the alms bowl basin snatchs relatively easily, just can carry the assigned position with the alms bowl basin with the help of conveyer belt and portable seedbed after transplanting, can only accomplish the separation of alms bowl basin and the transport of a basin footpath moreover on a transplanter. The vast majority of the enterprises that grow seedlings of china are middle-size and small-size company or base of growing seedlings, and the operation space is little, can't install portable seedbed, and used flowerpot is mostly soft alms bowl basin, and the alms bowl basin snatch and carry relative difficulty, and the alms bowl basin that the model is different can not accomplish the operation of transplanting on same machine, still need the manual work after the transplantation to carry the alms bowl basin of taking the seedling to the ground assigned position, takes a lot of work and time. The low level of the matched equipment not only influences the automatic and mechanized development of the system, but also more seriously restricts the development of the flower and seedling industry in China.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems provided by the invention, the device for accurately separating and conveying the soft pot pots with different pot diameters is provided on the basis of successfully developing the potted flower transplanting machine and solving the problem of accurate transplanting.
The utility model discloses a technical means as follows:
a bowl basin separation conveyor with adjustable basin footpath includes: the device comprises a rack, a clamping mechanism for clamping the bowl and the basin in the radial direction, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting a clamping part of the clamping mechanism to adapt to different bowl and basin diameters, an adsorption mechanism for adsorbing the bowl and the basin at the outermost layer of the bowl and the basin in a clamped state, a conveying mechanism arranged on the stroke of the adsorption mechanism for receiving and conveying the bowl and the basin adsorbed and removed by the adsorption mechanism, a driving mechanism for providing power for the adjusting mechanism and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control device for controlling all power devices of the whole machine;
the clamping mechanism is fixed on the frame through an auxiliary bracket and is positioned above the initial position of the conveying mechanism;
the adjusting mechanism and the driving mechanism are both fixed on the auxiliary bracket and close to the clamping mechanism;
the action stroke of the adsorption mechanism is an up-down telescopic stroke, namely the adsorption mechanism reciprocates up and down from the lower part of the clamping mechanism to the upper end region of the initial position of the conveying mechanism;
the adjustment mechanism includes: the sliding rail, the sliding block, the screw nut and the positive and negative screw are arranged on the sliding rail;
the two slide rails are fixedly arranged on the rack in parallel, two slide blocks are assembled on the upper side of each slide rail in a sliding manner, two groups of slide blocks which are arranged oppositely are formed between the two slide rails, screw nuts are fixedly arranged on the upper sides of the two slide blocks which are arranged oppositely through a first L-shaped connecting piece, namely the two screw nuts which are arranged symmetrically are formed, the two screw nuts at the positions are respectively in threaded connection with the positive teeth and the negative teeth of the positive and negative teeth screw rod, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected with one end of the positive and negative teeth screw rod to be used as the rotating power;
the fixture includes: the clamping plates are fixedly arranged between the two sliding blocks on the same sliding rail and the first L-shaped connecting piece, namely the two symmetrically arranged clamping plates are formed after the clamping plates are arranged on the sliding blocks of the two sliding rails;
the clamping plates are provided with a plurality of pairs of inclined grooves with opposite inclined surfaces, the inner sides of each pair of inclined grooves are fixedly provided with semi-cylindrical pot holders, a pair of inclined grooves of the clamping plates and a pair of inclined grooves at corresponding positions of the clamping plates at the opposite sides form a group of inclined grooves, each group of inclined grooves meet the requirement that the central axes of all the inclined grooves can enclose a parallelogram, the openings of the semi-cylindrical pot holders at the opposite positions on the two clamping plates are opposite, namely the semi-cylindrical pot holders at the opposite positions are close to each other to be attached to each other and can enclose a cylinder-like shape;
the clamping lever includes: the device comprises a square rod, a sliding rod, a round pipe and a round rod;
the round rod can extend into the central hole of the round pipe to form a telescopic rod structure;
the equal vertical welding in square bar both ends has the slide bar, and the slide bar sliding assembly is in the last chute of grip block, and the square bar is for setting up in pairs, two telescopic link structure of tip position vertical fixation between two square bars that set up relatively, constitutes wherein two parallel sides can flexible rectangle structure, and the one end of each square bar side is provided with the pipe perpendicularly promptly, and the other end of homonymy is provided with another round bar perpendicularly, and a pair of square bar that sets up relatively promptly is located the pipe and the round bar cooperation of same end and is connected promptly.
Further, the conveying mechanism includes: the device comprises a transmission mechanism, an adjustable bowl and basin fixing mechanism, a limiting mechanism and a tensioning mechanism;
a plurality of adjustable pot fixing mechanisms are uniformly arranged at the conveying end of the transmission mechanism, a supporting plate is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the rack, and the supporting plate is positioned on the lower side of the adjustable pot fixing mechanisms;
alms bowl basin fixed establishment includes with adjustable: the device comprises a first chain plate connecting piece, a second chain plate connecting piece, a first transverse driven rod, a second transverse driven rod, a third transverse driven rod and a semi-cylindrical fixing support;
a first chain plate connecting piece and a second chain plate connecting piece are fixedly arranged on two opposite sides of a conveying end of the transmission mechanism respectively, a first longitudinal driven rod, a second longitudinal driven rod and two third longitudinal driven rods which are arranged in parallel are sequentially hinged to the first transverse driven rod, the middle parts of the two third longitudinal driven rods are hinged to the inner side end faces of the first chain plate connecting piece and the second chain plate connecting piece respectively, the middle part of the second longitudinal driven rod is hinged to one side, far away from the third longitudinal driven rods, of the first chain plate connecting piece, the bottom ends of the two third longitudinal driven rods are hinged to two sides of the second transverse driven rod, the first transverse driven rod and the second transverse driven rod are arranged in parallel, the bottom ends of the first longitudinal driven rod and the second longitudinal driven rod are hinged to two sides of the third transverse driven rods, the second transverse driven rod and the third transverse driven rods are arranged in a collinear manner, and rollers are arranged on one sides, close to the first longitudinal driven rods, of the third transverse driven rods and the first transverse driven rods, a plurality of semi-cylindrical fixing brackets are sequentially and uniformly fixedly arranged on the same side of the first transverse driven rod and the second transverse driven rod, openings of the semi-cylindrical fixing brackets adjacent to the upper side and the lower side are oppositely arranged, the lengths of the first longitudinal driven rod, the second longitudinal driven rod and the third longitudinal driven rod are equal, the hinge point positions of the second longitudinal driven rod and the third longitudinal driven rod are the same, namely the second longitudinal driven rod, the first longitudinal driven rod, the third transverse driven rod and the first transverse driven rod form a parallelogram frame structure, one side of the machine frame close to the roller is provided with a limiting mechanism which limits the deformation of the parallelogram frame structure formed by the second longitudinal driven rod, the first longitudinal driven rod, the third transverse driven rod and the first transverse driven rod through the surface adhesion with the roller, so that the relative position between the first transverse driven rod and the second transverse driven rod is limited, finally, the diameter of the conveying position of the cylindrical bowl basin formed by each adjacent group of semi-cylindrical fixing supports is controlled; the transmission mechanism is provided with a tensioning mechanism.
Further, stop gear includes: a plurality of second L-shaped connecting pieces are uniformly and fixedly arranged on one side of the machine frame close to the rollers, two third L-shaped connecting pieces are fixedly arranged on two sides of the plurality of second L-shaped connecting pieces, one side of each second L-shaped connecting piece is hinged with two first driving rods which are arranged in parallel, the upper and lower sides of the two first driving rods are hinged with second driving rods, and one side of the second driving rod close to the roller is welded with a baffle plate, the second driving rod at the upper side is hinged with the first driving rod through a pin shaft, the pin shaft at one side far away from the baffle plate penetrates through an arc-shaped groove on the third L-shaped connecting piece, and the extended end of the pin shaft is provided with a screw thread which is screwed with a nut, the length of the second longitudinal driven rod is equal to that of the two first driving rods, and the hinge point position of the second longitudinal driven rod is the same as that of the two first driving rods.
Further, the adsorption mechanism includes: telescopic cylinder, sucking disc fixed plate and sucking disc, the equal fixed mounting in outside middle part of two grip blocks has telescopic cylinder, and telescopic cylinder is linked together through trachea and external air compressor, telescopic cylinder's the horizontal fixed mounting of output has the sucking disc fixed plate, the sucking disc fixed plate medial surface that two symmetries set up is 8 ~ 10 to the acute angle scope of lateral tilt, the even fixed mounting of sucking disc fixed plate has a plurality of sucking discs, and the sucking disc is linked together with vacuum generator and with air compressor in proper order through the trachea, the both sides fixed mounting of sucking disc fixed plate has linear bearing, longitudinal sliding connection has the direction optical axis in the linear bearing, and direction optical axis fixed mounting is in the frame.
Further, the transmission mechanism includes: the driving shaft, the driven shaft, the chain wheel and the bent plate chain are arranged on the chain wheel;
the both ends rotate respectively around the downside of frame and are equipped with driving shaft and driven shaft, and the both ends of driving shaft and driven shaft are all fixed to be equipped with the sprocket, and the sprocket meshing of homonymy is connected with the bent plate chain around, and the backup pad is located two bent plate chain inboards, and first chain joint connecting piece and second chain joint connecting piece are fixed mounting respectively on the relative chain link bent plate of two bent plate chains, and the driving shaft carries step motor output shaft fixed connection with alms bowl basin, and alms bowl basin carries step motor and external power supply to be connected.
Further, the tensioning mechanism comprises: tensioning frame, stop nut, tensioning nut and adjusting bolt, the both ends of driving shaft are rotated through bearing and bearing frame and are equipped with the tensioning frame, and tensioning frame sliding connection is on the bolt of frame side, and stop nut fixed mounting is in the frame that is close to tensioning frame one side, and the tensioning nut setting is in the one side that is close to stop nut, and threaded connection has adjusting bolt in stop nut and the tensioning nut.
Further, the drive mechanism includes: a basin diameter adjusting stepping motor, a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel and a synchronous belt; one side fixed mounting that is close to the grip block in the frame has the basin footpath to adjust step motor, and the basin footpath is adjusted step motor and is connected with external power supply electricity, and basin footpath is adjusted step motor output shaft fixed mounting has driving pulley, and the equal fixed mounting of homonymy of two positive and negative tooth lead screws has driven pulleys, and two driving pulleys and two driven pulleys have cup jointed two hold-in ranges, and two hold-in ranges parallel arrangement each other.
Furthermore, the number of the chutes, the clamping rods, the semi-cylindrical bowl-basin retainer, the suckers and the semi-cylindrical fixing supports on the clamping plate is ten pairs.
Furthermore, the inner side of the chute on the clamping plate is assembled with the sliding rod in a sliding mode through a flange sliding bearing.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: be fixed in the mobile mechanism that the frame lower extreme can drive the frame and walk, mobile mechanism includes: the fixed pulley and the movable pulley, the frame lower surface is close to one side fixed mounting of driven shaft has two fixed pulleys, and is close to one side fixed mounting of driving shaft has two movable pulleys.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a alms bowl basin separation conveyor with adjustable basin footpath possesses following beneficial effect:
1. according to the pot separating and conveying device with the adjustable pot diameter, through the design of the two clamping plates and the clamping rods, the whole stack of pots can be limited in width and length, clamping force is provided for the whole stack of pots, the semi-cylindrical pot holder provides supporting force for the whole stack of pots, and the adsorption force of the adsorption mechanism is combined, so that the positions of the stacked soft pots can be efficiently separated, and the problems that soft pots with different pot diameters cannot be separated on machines of the same machine type and the efficiency is low are effectively solved;
2. this alms bowl basin separation conveyor with adjustable basin footpath through alms bowl basin fixed establishment and stop gear's with adjustable design, adopts the last third L type connecting piece of stop gear and sells the locking between the epaxial nut and act on the size that the different model basin held in the palm, and then the efficient changes the interval that the fixed support of the half cartridge type that the opening is relative, very big improvement work efficiency, can effectually solve the alms bowl basin in different basin footpaths and carry the unstability, use very inconvenient problem.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a clamping rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an adsorption mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of a conveying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable bowl and basin fixing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a partial schematic view of a limiting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a partial schematic view of a tensioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of the PLC control device.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a frame, 2, an adjusting mechanism, 21, a slide rail, 22, a slide block, 23, a screw nut, 24, a positive and negative screw rod, 25, a first L-shaped connecting piece, 3, a clamping mechanism, 31, a clamping plate, 32, a clamping rod, 321, a square rod, 322, a slide rod, 323, a round tube, 324, a round rod, 325, a flange sliding bearing, 33, a semi-cylindrical pot holder, 4, an adsorption mechanism, 41, a telescopic cylinder, 42, a suction cup fixing plate, 43, a suction cup, 44, a linear bearing, 45, a guide optical axis, 5, a conveying mechanism, 51, a transmission mechanism, 511, a driving shaft, 512, a driven shaft, 513, a sprocket, 514, a bent plate chain, 52, a supporting plate, 53, an adjustable pot fixing mechanism, 5301, a first chain plate connecting piece, 5302, a second chain plate connecting piece, 5303, a first transverse driven rod, 5304, a first longitudinal driven rod, 5305, a second longitudinal driven rod, 5306, 530, The device comprises a third longitudinal driven rod, 5307, a second transverse driven rod, 5308, a third transverse driven rod, 5309, a roller, 5310, a semi-cylindrical fixing support, 54, a limiting mechanism, 541, a second L-shaped connecting piece, 542, a third L-shaped connecting piece, 543, a pin shaft, 544, a first driving rod, 545, a second driving rod, 546, a baffle plate, 55, a tensioning mechanism, 551, a tensioning frame, 552, a limiting nut, 553, a tensioning nut, 554, an adjusting bolt, 6, a driving mechanism, 61, a basin diameter adjusting stepping motor, 62, a driving pulley, 63, a driven pulley, 64, a synchronous belt, 7, a moving mechanism, 71, a fixed pulley, 72, a movable pulley, 8 and a PLC control device.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the utility model provides a alms bowl basin separation conveyor with adjustable basin footpath, include: a frame 1, a clamping mechanism 3 for clamping the bowl and the basin in the radial direction, an adjusting mechanism 2 for adjusting the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 3 to adapt to different bowl and basin diameters, an adsorption mechanism 4 used for adsorbing the bowl basin at the outermost layer of the bowl basin in a clamping state, a conveying mechanism 5 arranged on the stroke of the adsorption mechanism 4 and used for receiving and conveying the bowl basin adsorbed and removed by the adsorption mechanism 4, a driving mechanism 6 used for providing power for the adjusting mechanism 2 and a PLC control device 8 used for controlling all power devices of the whole machine, wherein the clamping mechanism 3 is fixed on the frame 1 through an auxiliary bracket, and is positioned above the initial position of the conveying mechanism 5, the adjusting mechanism 2 and the driving mechanism 6 are both fixed on the auxiliary bracket, and close to the clamping mechanism 3, the action stroke of the adsorption mechanism 4 is an up-down telescopic stroke, namely, the adsorption mechanism reciprocates up and down from the lower part of the clamping mechanism 3 to the upper end region of the initial position of the conveying mechanism 5.
In the embodiment, the rack 1 is formed by welding six transverse square tubes and four longitudinal square tubes, so that the strength of the rack 1 is improved, and stable supporting force can be provided for the adjusting mechanism 2, the clamping mechanism 3, the adsorption mechanism 4, the conveying mechanism 5, the driving mechanism 6 and the PLC control device 8; the PLC control system of the pot and basin separating and conveying device with the adjustable basin diameter is a PLC control device 8 and comprises a PLC, an input control module, a basin diameter accurate adjusting control module, a pot taking and separating control module and a pot and basin conveying control module which are sequentially and electrically connected, the PLC control device 8 takes a Mitsubishi FX1N-40MT type PLC as a main control unit, the whole working process control of the pot diameter adjustable pot and basin separating and conveying device control system is realized by utilizing the characteristics of simple programming, high reliability, strong anti-interference capability and good environmental adaptability and combining the actions of a machine start-stop reset and control switch and a positioning sensor to control a stepping motor, the input control module consists of a machine start-stop reset and control switch and a pot and basin positioning sensor, the basin diameter accurate adjusting control module consists of a basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61 and a matched stepping motor driver, the pot taking and separating control module consists of an electromagnetic valve group, a pot taking and separating, The pot conveying control module consists of a pot conveying stepping motor and a matched stepping motor driver.
As shown in fig. 2, the adjusting mechanism 2 includes slide rails 21, sliders 22, screw nuts 23 and positive and negative teeth screws 24, two slide rails 21 are fixedly mounted on the rack 1 in parallel, two sliders 22 are slidably assembled on the upper side of each slide rail 21, two sets of sliders 22 arranged oppositely are formed between the two slide rails 21, the screw nuts 23 are fixedly mounted on the upper sides of the two sliders 22 arranged oppositely through a first L-shaped connecting piece 25, namely, two screw nuts 23 arranged symmetrically are formed, the two screw nuts 23 at this position are respectively screwed with the positive teeth and the negative teeth of the positive and negative teeth screws 24, and the output end of the driving mechanism 6 is connected with one end of the positive and negative teeth screws 24 as the rotation power thereof.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clamping mechanism 3 includes two clamping plates 31, clamping rods 32 and half-cylinder-shaped pot holders 33, the clamping plates 31 are fixedly mounted between the two sliding blocks 22 on the same sliding rail 21 and the first L-shaped connecting member, that is, the clamping plates 31 are mounted on the sliding blocks 22 of the two sliding rails 21 to form two symmetrically arranged clamping plates 31, a plurality of pairs of inclined slots with opposite inclined surfaces are formed on the clamping plates 31, the half-cylinder-shaped pot holders 33 are fixedly mounted on the inner sides of each pair of inclined slots, a pair of inclined slots of the clamping plates 31 and a pair of inclined slots at corresponding positions of the clamping plates 31 on opposite sides form a group of inclined slots, each group of inclined slots satisfies that the central axes of all inclined slots can form a parallelogram, it is ensured that the half-cylinder-shaped pot holders 33 at opposite positions on the two clamping plates 31 are respectively opposite in opening, that the half-cylinder-shaped pot holders 33 at opposite positions are close to each other to, the clamping lever 32 includes: square pole 321, slide bar 322, pipe 323 and round bar 324, round bar 324 can stretch into in the centre bore of pipe 323, form an telescopic link structure, equal vertical welding in square pole 321 both ends has slide bar 322, and slide bar 322 sliding assembly is in the last chute of grip block 31, square pole 321 is for setting up in pairs, two telescopic link structure of tip position vertical fixation between two square poles 321 that set up relatively, constitute wherein two parallel limit rectangle structures that can stretch out and draw back, the one end of each square pole 321 side is provided with pipe 323 perpendicularly promptly, the other end of homonymy is provided with round bar 324 perpendicularly, a pair of square pole 321 that sets up relatively is located the pipe 323 and the cooperation of round bar 324 of same end and is connected promptly.
In the embodiment, the pots used by the transplanter mainly have five types of 9 × 9, 10 × 10, 12 × 10, 13 × 12 and 15 × 13, the holding rods 32 in the pot separating and feeding device are used in pairs, the adjacent circular tubes 323 and the circular rods 324 are in clearance fit, two holding rods 32 enclose a rectangular structure, four sliding rods 322 on the rectangular structure are mounted on the inclined grooves of the holding plate 31 through flange sliding bearings 325, the holding plate 31 drives the sliding rods 322 on the holding rods 32 to slide in the inclined grooves, so that the width of the rectangular structure is changed, the change range is 68 mm-100 mm, the inclination angle of each inclined groove is the same, therefore, the width change is linear, the pot separating and feeding device is suitable for pots with different pot diameters, and the holding rods 32 mainly limit the pots from the length; the two clamping plates 31 are driven by the positive and negative screw rods 24 to move close to or away from each other, the change range of the distance between the two plates is 60-92 mm, and the effect of limiting the pot from the width is realized; when the bowl and basin separating and conveying device works, the two semi-cylindrical bowl and basin retainers 33 with opposite openings can prevent the whole stack of flowerpots from inclining and ensure the smooth falling of the whole stack of bowls and basins; the inner side surfaces of the two clamping plates 31 can be milled into inclined planes of 8-10 degrees, so that the phenomenon that the right-angle edges of the two clamping plates 31 exert excessive clamping force on the bowls when the whole stack of bowls falls is avoided; the upper surface of one clamping plate 31 can be fixedly provided with a ruler, and the extending end of the ruler is lapped on the other clamping plate 31, so that the distance change of the two clamping plates 31 can be visually observed through the scales on the ruler; the cross section of the semi-cylindrical bowl-basin retainer 33 is semicircular, so that the two semi-cylindrical bowl-basin retainers 33 with opposite openings can better retain bowls.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the conveying mechanism 5 includes a transmission mechanism 51, a plurality of adjustable bowl fixing mechanisms 53, a limiting mechanism 54 and a tensioning mechanism 55, the conveying end of the transmission mechanism 51 is uniformly provided with the adjustable bowl fixing mechanisms 53, the inner side of the frame 1 is horizontally provided with a support plate 52, the support plate 52 is located at the lower side of the adjustable bowl fixing mechanisms 53, the adjustable bowl fixing mechanisms 53 include a first chain plate connector 5301, a second chain plate connector 5302, a first transverse driven rod 5303, a second transverse driven rod 5307, a third transverse driven rod 5308 and a semi-cylindrical fixing support 5310, the first chain plate connector 5301 and the second chain plate connector 5302 are respectively fixedly mounted at two opposite sides of the conveying end of the transmission mechanism 51, the first transverse driven rod 5303 is sequentially hinged with a first driven longitudinal rod 5304, a second longitudinal rod 5305 and two third longitudinal driven rods 5306 arranged in parallel, the middle parts of the two third longitudinal driven rods 5306 are hinged on the inner side surfaces of the first chain plate connector 5301 and the second chain plate connector 5302, the middle parts of the second longitudinal driven rods 5305 are hinged on one side of the first chain plate connector 5301 far away from the third longitudinal driven rods 5306, the bottom ends of the two third longitudinal driven rods 5306 are hinged on both sides of the second transverse driven rod 5307, the first transverse driven rod 5303 and the second transverse driven rod 5307 are arranged in parallel, the bottom ends of the first longitudinal driven rod 5304 and the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 are hinged on both sides of the third transverse driven rod 5308, the second transverse driven rod 5307 and the third transverse driven rod 5308 are arranged in line, the third transverse driven rod 5308 and one side of the first transverse driven rod 5303 close to the first longitudinal driven rod 5304 are both rotatably assembled with rollers 5309, and the same sides of the first transverse driven rod 5303 and the second transverse driven rod 5307 are sequentially and uniformly and fixedly installed with a plurality of half-cylinder type fixing supports 5310, and the openings of the half-cylindrical fixing brackets 5310 adjacent to the upper side and the lower side are oppositely arranged, the lengths of the first longitudinal driven rod 5304, the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 and the third longitudinal driven rod 5306 are equal, the hinge point positions of the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 and the third longitudinal driven rod 5306 are the same, a limiting mechanism 54 is arranged on one side of the machine frame 1 close to the roller 5309, and a tensioning mechanism 55 is arranged on the transmission mechanism 51.
In this embodiment, the supporting plate 52 is located at the lower side of the adjustable bowl and basin fixing mechanism 53, and is made of smooth stainless steel, so that the supporting plate 52 can support the normal operation of the bowl and basin on the conveying mechanism 5; in order to cooperate with the five parts of the upper pot separating mechanism, the soil discharging mechanism, the pit digging mechanism, the transplanting mechanism and the pot falling mechanism of the transplanter, eighteen groups of adjustable pot fixing mechanisms 53 are provided, so that the row of adjustable pot fixing mechanisms 53 to be fallen with tight sides is positioned between the two rows of adjustable pot fixing mechanisms 53 with loose sides, and the normal operation of the upper pot falling mechanism of the transplanter is facilitated; the adjacent half cylindrical fixing supports 5310 on the first transverse driven rod 5303 and the second transverse driven rod 5307 are oppositely arranged in an opening mode, and the cross section of each half cylindrical fixing support 5310 is semicircular, so that a pot support can be formed, and the operation stability of a pot on the supporting plate 52 is kept.
As shown in fig. 8, the limiting mechanism 54 includes a second L-shaped connector 541, a third L-shaped connector 542, a first driving rod 544, a second driving rod 545 and a baffle 546, a plurality of second L-shaped connectors 541 are uniformly and fixedly installed on one side of the frame 1 near the roller 5309, two third L-shaped connectors 542 are fixedly installed on two sides of the plurality of second L-shaped connectors 541, one side of the second L-shaped connectors 541 is hinged with two first driving rods 544 arranged in parallel, the upper and lower sides of the two first driving rods 544 are both hinged with the second driving rod 545, the baffle 546 is welded on one side of the second driving rod 545 near the roller, the upper second driving rod 545 is hinged with the first driving rod 544 through a pin 543, the pin 543 on the side far from the baffle 546 penetrates through an arc-shaped groove on the third L-shaped connector 542, a nut is screwed on a thread formed on an extending end of the pin 543, and the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 and the two first driving rods are equal in length, and the hinge point of the second longitudinal driven bar 5305 and the two first driving bars 544 is located the same.
In this embodiment, the outer curved surface of the roller 5309 is tangent to the baffle 546, and since the lengths of the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 and the two first driving rods 544 are equal, the positions of the hinge points of the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 and the two first driving rods 544 are the same, and the hinge points between the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 and the two first driving rods 544 can be at the same horizontal height, when the two first driving rods 544 and the second longitudinal driven rod 5305 are controlled to be parallel, the roller 5309 at the same height can be tightly attached to the baffle 546, so as to ensure that the position of the adjustable bowl fixing mechanism 53 at the tight edge of the bent plate chain 514 on the conveying mechanism 5 is stable and unchanged; the arc-shaped groove on the third L-shaped connecting member 542 is provided with a scale value corresponding to the inclination angle of the first driving rod 544, so that people can conveniently and accurately change the inclination angle of the first driving rod 544 when pushing the pin shaft 543.
As shown in fig. 5, the adsorption mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder 41, a suction cup fixing plate 42 and suction cups 43, the telescopic cylinder 41 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the outer side of each of the two clamping plates 31, the telescopic cylinder 41 is communicated with an external air compressor through an air pipe, the suction cup fixing plate 42 is fixedly mounted in the transverse direction of the output end of the telescopic cylinder 41, the acute angle range of the inner side surfaces of the two symmetrically arranged suction cup fixing plates 42 inclining outwards is 8-10 degrees, a plurality of suction cups 43 are uniformly and fixedly mounted on the suction cup fixing plates 42, the suction cups 43 are sequentially communicated with a vacuum generator and the air compressor through air pipes, linear bearings 44 are fixedly mounted on the two sides of the suction cup fixing plates 42, guide optical axes 45 are longitudinally slidably connected in the linear bearings 44.
In the embodiment, the optimal range of the outwards inclined acute angle angles of the inner side surfaces of the two symmetrically arranged sucker fixing plates 42 is 8-10 degrees, so that the top ends of the suckers 43 cannot be wrinkled when the suckers 43 are in contact with the five types of pot basins, and the effective contact area between the suckers 43 and the pot basins is increased; the sucker 43 is a double-layer corrugated silicon rubber sucker with the model of PBFS25, the adsorption force of the sucker 43 is far greater than the pulling force required by bowl and basin separation, the sucker is soft in material, resistant to friction and tearing, suitable for sucking deformable objects, suitable for uneven, arc or inclined surfaces and capable of meeting the working requirements; the sucker fixing plate 42 can slide on the guide optical axis 45 through the linear bearings 44 on the two sides of the sucker fixing plate, the guide optical axis 45 plays a role in guiding the up-and-down movement of the sucker fixing plate 42, and the movement of the sucker fixing plate 42 is more stable and reliable.
As shown in fig. 6, the transmission mechanism 51 includes a driving shaft 511, a driven shaft 512, a chain wheel 513 and a bent plate chain 514, the driving shaft 511 and the driven shaft 512 are respectively rotatably assembled at the front end and the rear end of the lower side of the frame 1, the chain wheel 513 is fixedly assembled at both ends of the driving shaft 511 and the driven shaft 512, the bent plate chain 514 is engaged and connected with the chain wheel 513 at the same side of the front side and the rear side, the supporting plate 55 is located inside the two bent plate chains 514, the first chain plate connecting piece 5301 and the second chain plate connecting piece 5302 are respectively and fixedly installed on the opposite chain bent plates of the two bent plate chains 514, the driving shaft 511 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the bowl conveying.
In the embodiment, the bearing between the driven shaft 512 and the rack 1 is a ball bearing with a suspended seat jackscrew outer spherical surface with the inner diameter of 20mm, the bearing has the same load capacity as a deep groove ball bearing, the aligning performance is better, the sealing device is arranged, the structure is compact, the use is convenient, the bearing code is UCFB204, JB/T8513 and 1996, in order to reduce the weight, the driving shaft 511 and the driven shaft 512 both adopt a mode of welding shaft heads at two ends of a hollow pipe with the outer diameter of 34mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm; the driving shaft 511 is connected with the motor output shaft in a chain transmission mode, so that the position of the motor is conveniently fixed, and the running speed of the bowl basin conveying stepping motor can be adjusted through a motor driver and a PLC.
As shown in fig. 9, the tension mechanism 55 includes a tension frame 551, a limit nut 552, a tension nut 553 and an adjusting bolt 554, both ends of the driving shaft 511 are rotatably assembled with the tension frame 551 through bearings and bearing seats, the tension frame 551 is slidably coupled to the bolt at the side of the frame 1, the limit nut 552 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 near the side of the tension frame 551, the tension nut 553 is disposed at the side near the limit nut 552, and the limit nut 552 and the tension nut 553 are internally threaded with the adjusting bolt 554.
In the embodiment, a plurality of bolts can be fixedly installed on the side surface of the rack 1 in parallel, and the bolts are inserted into two parallel square grooves on the tensioning frame 551, so that the tensioning frame 551 can conveniently slide on the rack 1, uneven stress caused by inconsistent movement of the coaxial chain wheels can be avoided, meanwhile, the tension degree of the bent plate chain 514 can be adjusted, and the conveying mechanism 5 can run more stably; a6004 type deep groove ball bearing (GB/T276-.
As shown in fig. 2 and 10, the driving mechanism 6 includes a basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61, a driving pulley 62, a driven pulley 63 and a synchronous belt 64, one side of the frame 1 close to the clamping plate 31 is fixedly provided with the basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61, and the basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61 is electrically connected with an external power supply, two driving pulleys 62 are fixedly provided on an output shaft of the basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61, the driven pulley 63 is fixedly provided on the same side of the two positive and negative tooth lead screws 24, two driving pulleys 62 and two driven pulleys 63 are sleeved with two synchronous belts 64, and the two synchronous belts 64 are arranged in parallel.
In the embodiment, in order to ensure the continuous stability of the movement of the driving mechanism 6 and consider the space limitation, the synchronous belt 64 is used for transmission, the basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61 is used as a driving element, and the basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61 can be controlled by a PLC to rotate and stop; the driving pulley 62 and the driven pulley 63 are respectively fixed to the output shaft of the basin diameter adjusting stepping motor 61 and the positive and negative tooth lead screw 24 by screws.
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the number of the inclined grooves, the holding rods 32, the semi-cylindrical bowl holders 33, the suction cups 43 and the semi-cylindrical fixing brackets 5310 on the holding plate 31 are ten pairs.
In this embodiment, in order to cooperate with 10 × 20 plug seedling transplanting used by a transplanter, ten sets of pots are required for such a work flow, and ten pairs of the corresponding chutes on the holding plate 31, the holding rods 32, the semi-cylindrical pot holders 33, the suction cups 43, and the semi-cylindrical fixing brackets 5310 are required.
As shown in fig. 3, the inner side of the inclined groove of the holding plate 31 is slidably fitted with the slide bar 322 by a flange slide bearing 325.
In this embodiment, the flange sliding bearing 325 can facilitate the sliding rod 322 to move in the upper chute of the clamping plate 31, so as to avoid the friction between the sliding rod 322 and the upper chute of the clamping plate 31.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the moving mechanism 7 includes a fixed pulley 71 and a movable pulley 72, two fixed pulleys 71 are fixedly mounted on one side of the lower surface of the frame 1 close to the driven shaft 512, and two movable pulleys 72 are fixedly mounted on one side close to the driving shaft 511.
In this embodiment, the positions of the fixed pulley 71 and the movable pulley 72 can be replaced, and the steering action of the whole machine body is realized through the movable pulley 72, so that the movement of the whole machine body is more convenient.
The working process of the pot and basin separating and conveying device with the adjustable basin diameter is as follows:
firstly, when a certain type of bowl is required to be separated, before work, a PLC starts a bowl diameter adjusting stepping motor 61, the bowl diameter adjusting stepping motor 61 drives two front and back tooth lead screws 24 to rotate through a synchronous belt 64, lead screw nuts 23 on the front and back tooth lead screws 24 drive a sliding block 22 to move on a sliding rail 21, further, a bowl separating clamping plate 31 is driven to move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction, a round rod 324 on a clamping rod 32 slides in a round tube 323, a sliding rod 322 can slide in an oblique square groove of the bowl separating clamping plate 31 through a flange sliding bearing 325, so that the two clamping plates 31 and the clamping rod 32 can limit the whole stack of bowls in width and length, clamping force is provided for the whole stack of bowls, the two opposite semi-cylindrical bowl retainers 33 are driven to move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction when the bowl separating clamping plate 31 moves, and when the clamping distance corresponding to the type of the bowl to be separated is adjusted, the PLC stops the bowl diameter adjusting stepping motor 61, at this time, the stacked pots are respectively placed in the ten-half cylindrical pot holders 33, and the stacked pots are kept to smoothly fall in a vertical state; meanwhile, the pin shaft 543 is pushed to slide in the arc-shaped grooves of the two third L-shaped connectors 542, the two first driving levers 544 are matched to the inclination angle corresponding to the bowl type number to be separated, the nut on the extending end of the pin shaft 543 is screwed onto the third L-shaped connectors, the locking and limiting mechanism 54 is used, the PLC starts the bowl conveying stepping motor on the conveying mechanism 5, the bowl conveying stepping motor drives the bent plate chain 514 to operate through the driving shaft 511 and the chain wheel 513 on the driven shaft 512, when the upper side or lower side roller 5309 touches the baffle 546, the two third longitudinal driven rods 5306 rotate around the first chain plate connector 5301 and the second chain plate connector 5302 until the rollers 5309 on the upper side and the lower side are both contacted with the baffle 546, and then the two half cylinder fixing brackets 5310 opposite to the openings on the first transverse driven rod 5303 and the second transverse driven rod 5307 are adjusted to the space size corresponding to the bowl type number to be separated, when the bending plate chain 514 runs for one cycle, the position of all the semi-cylindrical fixing brackets 5310 is adjusted, and the preparation work is finished;
step two, during work, an external air compressor and a PLC are started, so that the bowl basin conveying stepping motor on the transmission mechanism 51 is controlled to operate, the telescopic cylinder 41 drives the suction disc 43 to be in contact with the bowl basin at the bottommost end of each screw bowl basin through the suction disc fixing plate 42, the air compressor generates vacuum adsorption force between the suction disc 43 and the bowl basins through the vacuum generator, the suction disc 43 and a single bowl basin adsorbed by the suction disc 43 vertically move downwards under the driving of the telescopic cylinder 41, when the telescopic cylinder 41 extends to the maximum stroke, the adsorption of the suction disc 43 is stopped, the adsorbed bowl basin falls into a basin support on the conveying mechanism 5, and one bowl basin separation is completed;
step three, the telescopic cylinder 41 drives the sucker 43 to return to the bowl sucking position, meanwhile, the bowl conveying stepping motor on the conveying mechanism 5 continues to operate, the bowl conveying stepping motor drives the bent plate chain 514 to operate through the chain wheel 513 on the driving shaft 511 and the driven shaft 512, then the separated bowl is driven to the next station through the semi-cylindrical fixing support 5310 on the adjustable bowl fixing mechanism 53, the bowl positioning sensor controls the bowl conveying stepping motor to stop operating through the PLC, the actions of the step two and the step three are repeated according to the above, the effect of full-automatic separation and conveying of bowls with different bowl diameters is achieved, the device is small in occupied space, high in working efficiency, simple in structure and low in cost.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021329493.0U CN212768287U (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-07-07 | Pot and basin separating and conveying device with adjustable basin diameter |
| PCT/CN2020/124006 WO2022007253A1 (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-27 | Pot separating and conveying apparatus with adjustable pot diameter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021329493.0U CN212768287U (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-07-07 | Pot and basin separating and conveying device with adjustable basin diameter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212768287U true CN212768287U (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021329493.0U Expired - Fee Related CN212768287U (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-07-07 | Pot and basin separating and conveying device with adjustable basin diameter |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN212768287U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111731797A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-02 | 沈阳农业大学 | A pot-diameter-adjustable bowl separation conveying device |
-
2020
- 2020-07-07 CN CN202021329493.0U patent/CN212768287U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111731797A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-02 | 沈阳农业大学 | A pot-diameter-adjustable bowl separation conveying device |
| CN111731797B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2024-11-08 | 沈阳农业大学 | A bowl-basin separation and conveying device with adjustable bowl diameter |
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