CN212578151U - Numerical control double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine safety integration - Google Patents
Numerical control double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine safety integration Download PDFInfo
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- CN212578151U CN212578151U CN202021527322.9U CN202021527322U CN212578151U CN 212578151 U CN212578151 U CN 212578151U CN 202021527322 U CN202021527322 U CN 202021527322U CN 212578151 U CN212578151 U CN 212578151U
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Abstract
A numerical control double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine safety integration comprises a machine tool integral safety fence body, wherein an A machine fence safety door and a B machine fence safety door are respectively arranged on the side of an A machine and the side of a B machine on the machine tool integral safety fence body; the upper right corners of the machine A fence safety door and the machine B fence safety door are respectively provided with a machine A fence safety door electronic lock and a machine B fence safety door electronic lock which are respectively controlled by a machine A operation panel and a machine B operation panel; the opening connection parts of the machine tool integral safety fence body and the A machine fence safety door and the B machine fence safety door are respectively provided with an A machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element and a B machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element for detecting whether the safety doors are in a closed state or not in real time; the machine A operation panel is connected with the machine A hand wheel through a cable, and the machine B operation panel is connected with the machine B hand wheel through a cable. The utility model discloses can carry out the security that the method of overall control promoted the lathe comprehensively at the control layer of whole coordination.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a two-sided opposition of numerical control binary channels control embraces desk-top boring and milling machine, in particular to two-sided desk-top boring and milling machine of embracing of numerical control safety is integrated.
Background
The large engineering machinery manufacturing industry is provided with a large number of oppositely-arranged double-sided holding-table boring-milling machines and floor type boring-milling machines for processing large cantilevers used by engineering machinery. The whole machine protective cover is configured to ensure the safety of operators and equipment because the large-scale machining equipment cannot be like a small horizontal machining center due to the reasons of workpiece hoisting, machine tool operation and use processes and the overlarge size of a machine tool body in use. In addition, the equipment is mainly configured with a dual-channel system in the aspect of numerical control systems, and the equipment respectively controls a left equipment part and a right equipment part of the machine tool. Two operators need to be configured when the equipment is used in normal operation, so that higher requirements are provided for the cooperative operation of the operators, meanwhile, the potential safety hazard is greatly increased, and inestimable results are caused to the personnel and the equipment due to misoperation. The traditional configuration of the equipment has no security fence, and the overall security integrated control that the security fence access door is integrated with a numerical control system and the control level is higher than the access control level is not provided. In order to ensure the life safety and equipment safety of an operator entering a machine tool machining area, a safety integration function suitable for a double-channel numerical control machine tool needs to be developed and used, the usability of the machine tool is met, and the safety of the equipment is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model aims to provide a two-sided desk-top boring and milling machine of embracing of numerical control is safe integrated, and numerical control system constructs the whole control layer of coordination of system level to every control channel single control's mode on the control channel upper strata, can carry out the security that the method of overall control promoted the lathe comprehensively at whole control layer of coordination.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:
a numerical control double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine safety integration comprises a machine tool integral safety fence body 1, wherein a machine A fence safety door 4 and a machine B fence safety door 9 are respectively arranged on a machine A side and a machine B side of the machine tool integral safety fence body 1; the upper right corners of the machine A fence safety door 4 and the machine B fence safety door 9 are respectively provided with a machine A fence safety door electronic lock 5 and a machine B fence safety door electronic lock 10 which are respectively controlled by a machine A operation panel 2 and a machine B operation panel 7; the opening connection parts of the machine tool integral safety fence body 1 and the A machine fence safety door 4 and the B machine fence safety door 9 are respectively provided with an A machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 6 and a B machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 11 for detecting whether each safety door is in a closed state or not in real time; the machine A operation panel 2 is connected with the machine A hand wheel 3 through a cable, and the machine B operation panel 7 is connected with the machine B hand wheel 8 through a cable.
A first channel machine tool and a second channel machine tool are arranged between the machine side A and the machine side B, a public X axis 12 is arranged in the middle of the first channel machine tool and the second channel machine tool, and a machine Y axis 13 is arranged on the side of the first channel machine tool.
The machine A is integrally controlled by a first channel machine tool and comprises a machine A upright post sliding seat, a machine A main shaft box and a machine A boring rod component; the machine A upright post sliding seat is positioned at the middle position right inside the workbench lathe bed, the machine A spindle box is positioned above the machine A upright post sliding seat, and the machine A boring rod is positioned at the middle position right inside the machine A spindle box; the front and back movement of the upright post sliding seat of the machine A is controlled by a W shaft 15 of the machine A, the up and down movement of a main shaft box of the machine A is controlled by a Y shaft 13 of the machine A, the front and back movement of a boring bar of the machine A is controlled by a Z shaft 14 of the machine A, and the rotation movement of the boring bar of the machine A is controlled by an SP shaft 16 of the machine A.
The machine A Y shaft 13, the machine A W shaft 15, the machine A Z shaft 14, the common X shaft 12 and the machine A SP shaft 16 are connected with the machine A operation panel 2 and the machine A hand wheel 3; the movement is controlled by the machine A operation panel 2 and the machine A hand wheel 3.
The machine B is integrally controlled by a second channel machine tool and comprises a machine B upright post sliding seat, a machine B main shaft box and a machine B boring rod component; the machine B upright post sliding seat is positioned in the middle position right inside the workbench lathe bed, the machine B spindle box is positioned above the machine B upright post sliding seat, and the machine B boring bar is positioned in the middle position right inside the machine B spindle box; the front and back movement of the B machine upright post sliding seat is controlled by a B machine W shaft 19, the up and down movement of a B machine main shaft box is controlled by a B machine Y shaft 17, the front and back movement of a B machine boring bar is controlled by a B machine Z shaft 18, and the rotation movement of the B machine boring bar is controlled by a B machine SP shaft 20.
And the machine B Y shaft 17, the machine B W shaft 19, the machine B Z shaft 18 and the machine B SP shaft 20 are connected with the machine B operation panel 7 and the machine B hand wheel 8 and are controlled by the machine B operation panel 7 and the machine B hand wheel 8 to move.
A control method for the safe integration of a numerical control double-sided deck type boring and milling machine comprises the following steps;
when the machine a operation panel 2 or the machine B operation panel 7 is in a manual control mode or a handwheel control mode, when the machine a fence safety door electronic lock 5 and the machine B fence safety door electronic lock 10 are in an unlocked state or the machine a fence safety door closing in-place detection element 6 and the machine B fence safety door closing in-place detection element 11 detect the unlocked state, the overall coordination control of the system level prohibits the control mode switching of all channels firstly, only the manual mode and the handwheel mode are allowed to be used, the MDA and the automatic mode modes cannot be switched, if a channel is in the MDA or the automatic mode, the NC program starting execution of the channel is prohibited, and the NC program starting execution key and the MDA and the automatic mode switching key of the machine a operation panel 2 or the machine B operation panel 7 are locked by the PMC program;
secondly, the control level of the channel of the numerical control system is surpassed to directly take over all feed shafts and main shafts in all channels of the machine tool for control, when the machine tool is manually operated by using the machine A operation panel 2 or the machine B operation panel 7, the common X shaft 12, the machine A Y shaft 13, the machine A Z shaft 14, the machine A W shaft 15, the machine B Y shaft 17, the machine B Z shaft 18 and the machine B W shaft 19 move, the moving speed is clamped in a set safety range by combining a PMC program with NC servo controller parameters and using a system external speed setting function, and meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the machine A SP shaft 16 and the machine B SP shaft 20 are also clamped in the set safety range by combining the PMC program with NC servo controller parameters and using a PMC main shaft output control function; if the machine tool is operated by using the handwheel 3A or 8B, the PMC program activates a pulse moving speed clamping function by combining with the parameters of an NC servo controller, and filters out command pulse signals with the frequency higher than the set frequency, so that the moving speeds of the common X axis 12, the Y axis 13 of the machine A, the Z axis 14 of the machine A, the W axis 15 of the machine A, the Y axis 17 of the machine B, the Z axis 18 of the machine B and the W axis 19 of the machine B are controlled within a safe range;
and returning the control right to each channel for channel autonomous control by the system-level overall coordination control PMC program when the A-machine fence safety door electronic lock 5 and the B-machine fence safety door electronic lock 10 are in a locking state at the same time, and the A-machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 6 and the B-machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 11 detect that the A-machine fence safety door 4 and the B-machine fence safety door 9 are in the locking state at the same time.
Under the manual or hand wheel mode, the system-level cooperative detection safety control PMC program is used for processing, when the A machine fence safety door electronic lock 5 and the B machine fence safety door electronic lock 10 are in an unlocked state or the A machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 6 and the B machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 11 detect that the A machine fence safety door is in an unlocked state, the BMC program is used for controlling, activating machine tool control mode prohibition, manual mode speed clamping and hand wheel mode speed clamping, according to set NC servo controller system parameters, performing output limitation on all feed shaft modules in a first channel and a second channel connected to a controller through a servo optical cable bus, and finally performing output limitation on a common X-axis driving motor 12, an A machine Y-axis driving motor 13, an A machine Z-axis driving motor 14, an A machine W-axis driving motor 15, a B machine Y-axis driving motor 17, a B machine Z-axis driving motor 18, The W-axis drive motor 19 for the machine B performs feed speed clamping, and the SP- axis drive motors 16 and 20 for the machine a and the machine B perform rotational speed clamping.
The PMC program processing inside the numerical control system is characterized in that a controller unit is connected to a bus input port of a first channel machine tool operation panel through an I/O LINK communication bus, a first channel hand wheel pulse generator is connected to the first channel machine tool operation panel through a pulse input signal cable, and a bus output port of the first channel machine tool operation panel is connected to a first channel PMC communication interface module input port through an I/O LINK communication bus; the PMC communication interface module is connected with a PMC digital input module and a PMC digital output module through an internal bus, the input and output module is connected to a safety door closing in-place detection device on a fence safety door through digital detection signals respectively, and is connected to a safety door electronic lock on the fence safety door through digital control signals, a second channel is connected to a similar first channel, a PMC communication interface module bus output port of the first channel is connected to a bus input port of a machine tool operation panel of the second channel through an I/O LINK communication bus, meanwhile, a hand wheel pulse generator of the second channel is connected to a machine tool operation panel of the second channel through a pulse input signal cable, and a bus output port of the machine tool operation panel of the second channel is connected to a PMC communication interface module input port of the second channel through an I/O LINK communication bus; PMC communication interface module passes through PMC digital input module PMC digital output module of internal bus connection, and this input/output module is closed the detection device that targets in place through the safety door that digital detection signal connection on the rail emergency exit respectively, is connected to the emergency exit electronic lock on the rail emergency exit through digital control signal.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the electronic locks of the fence safety doors independently arranged at two sides of the public processing area are integrally coordinated and controlled, and the actual states of the two control channels are monitored; and an integral coordination safety integrated control level is additionally constructed on the channel control level, and high-level control is carried out on safety protection. And the PMC program detects an opening instruction of any channel safety door or the safety door is not closed in place, activates the whole machine safety integration function, and clamps the speed of all channel feed shaft spindles according to the limit value set in the NC parameters, so that the safety of the safety door control of the public processing area is greatly improved, and real-time linkage interlocking control is formed with the PLC and the NC.
The fence safety door electronic lock is configured with two channels for integrated control, and when any channel is detected to be manually operated and a safety door opening instruction is provided or the safety door is not locked in place, the safety integrated PMC program prohibits NC programs in all channels from starting and executing to prevent potential safety hazards caused by misoperation and misoperation.
And configuring a double-channel integrated control feed shaft speed clamping function, when any channel is detected to be in a manual operation mode, and a safety door opening instruction is provided or the safety door is not locked in place, activating a corresponding PLC-NC interactive control position by a safety integrated PMC program, clamping the feed speed of all feed shafts in any moving direction in all channels, and setting the clamped running speed in advance in NC parameters in each channel. When any channel is detected to be in a hand wheel operation mode, and a safety door opening instruction exists or the safety door is not locked in place, the safety integrated PMC program activates corresponding PLC-NC interactive control positions to clamp all feeding shaft feeding speeds in all channels, and the clamped running speed is set in advance in NC parameters in each channel.
And configuring a dual-channel integrated control spindle speed clamping function, when any channel is detected to be in a manual or hand wheel operation mode, and a safety door opening instruction is provided or the safety door is not locked in place, taking over spindle control in all channels by a safety integrated PMC program, calculating the spindle speed by the PMC program according to a speed clamping formula, activating corresponding PLC-NC interactive control positions, and clamping all spindle speeds in all channels.
The difference lies in that the traditional numerical control machine tool is only provided with one control channel or only controls the tool magazine or the double-exchange platform as the auxiliary action even if a plurality of control channels are configured. The equipment uses two channels to control two traditional machine tools, which needs to provide higher requirements for the cooperative operation control between the channels, especially the related safety cooperative control. If the system configuration function is used, the purchase cost of the function is very high, and the implementation effect is similar to the present example. In the embodiment, a system collaborative detection safety control level program higher than the channel control level is innovatively constructed, and the states of two channels are monitored and are safely coordinated by the control program, so that the overall safety performance of the equipment is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the method can be popularized to special machine tools with more control channels, such as three channels, four channels and the like, so that the safety performance of the equipment is rapidly and greatly improved.
When the double security check functions configured by the numerical control system are not used, a system-level cooperative detection security control level program higher than the control level of the channel program is constructed, the states of all control channels are monitored in the level program at the same time, and if any channel has unsafe factors, the running states and modes of all channels are controlled, so that accidental threats to personnel and equipment are prevented.
And when any channel has unsafe factors, coordinating and controlling the operation modes of all channels, forbidding all channels to be switched to the MDI or automatic processing mode, and forbidding all channels to start and execute the NC processing program.
When unsafe factors exist in any channel, an external speed reduction function is used for limiting the shaft moving speed of all feed shafts in all channels in a manual mode and a hand wheel mode, so that the danger of the overhigh shaft running speed to personnel and equipment is prevented.
When unsafe factors exist in any channel, a spindle speed clamping function is used for limiting the rotation speed of the spindle in a manual mode and a hand wheel mode in all channels, so that the situation that the running speed of the spindle is too high and threats are caused to personnel and equipment is prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical control principle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a control process of the dual-channel fence security door lock.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dual channel feed shaft and spindle control flow.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1: the numerical control double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine safety integration comprises a machine tool integral safety fence body 1, wherein a machine A fence safety door 4 and a machine B fence safety door 9 are respectively arranged on the machine A side and the machine B side of the machine tool integral safety fence body 1; the machine A fence safety door 4 and the machine B fence safety door 9 are respectively provided with a machine A fence safety door electronic lock 5 and a machine B fence safety door electronic lock 10 at the upper right corners, the machine A operation panel 2 and the machine B operation panel 7 respectively receive operation instructions and the system-level cooperative detection safety control PMC program processes the operation instructions to finally control the opening and closing of the electronic locks; the opening connection parts of the machine tool integral safety fence body 1 and the A machine fence safety door 4 and the B machine fence safety door 9 are respectively provided with an A machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 6 and a B machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element 11 for detecting whether each safety door is in a closed state or not in real time; the hand wheel 3 of the machine A is connected to the operation panel 2 of the machine A through a cable, the hand wheel 8 of the machine B is connected to the operation panel 7 of the machine B through a cable, and when the safety door is unlocked or an unlocked state is detected, the system-level cooperative detection safety control PMC program processes in a manual or hand wheel mode to clamp the feeding speed of the common X shaft 12, the Y shaft 13 of the machine A, the Z shaft 14 of the machine A, the W shaft 15 of the machine A, the Y shaft 17 of the machine B, the Z shaft 18 of the machine B and the W shaft 19 of the machine B, and clamp the rotating speed of the SP shaft 16 of the machine A and the SP shaft 20 of the machine B.
As shown in fig. 2: and the PMC logic program controller unit in the numerical control system is connected to a bus input port of the first channel machine tool operation panel through an I/O LINK communication bus, and the first channel hand wheel pulse generator is connected to the first channel machine tool operation panel through a pulse input signal cable. A bus output port of the first channel machine tool operation panel is connected to an input port of the first channel PMC communication interface module through an I/O LINK communication bus; PMC communication interface module passes through PMC digital input module PMC digital output module of internal bus connection, and this input/output module is closed the detection device that targets in place through the safety door that digital detection signal connection on the rail emergency exit respectively, is connected to the emergency exit electronic lock on the rail emergency exit through digital control signal. The second channel is similar to the first channel in connection, a bus output port of the PMC communication interface module of the first channel is connected to a bus input port of a machine tool operation panel of the second channel through an I/O LINK communication bus, and meanwhile, a handwheel pulse generator of the second channel is connected to the machine tool operation panel of the second channel through a pulse input signal cable. A bus output port of the second channel machine tool operation panel is connected to an input port of the second channel PMC communication interface module through an I/O LINK communication bus; PMC communication interface module passes through PMC digital input module PMC digital output module of internal bus connection, and this input/output module is closed the detection device that targets in place through the safety door that digital detection signal connection on the rail emergency exit respectively, is connected to the emergency exit electronic lock on the rail emergency exit through digital control signal.
An NC servo controller unit in the numerical control system is connected to a communication input port of the first and second channel public X-axis control modules through a servo optical cable bus, and a communication output port of the X-axis control module is sequentially connected in series to the first channel Y, Z, W, the main shaft module, the second channel Y, Z, W and the main shaft module through the servo optical cable bus. And the safety integrated PMC program controls the feed shaft and the main shaft in each channel through an NC-PMC interactive control state bit.
As shown in fig. 3: the processing area fence safety door control is essentially the interactive control of an electromagnetic safety door lock, a safety door locking detection device and a numerical control system NC and a PLC. When each channel is in a manual mode, the button switches on the channel control panel are respectively used as signal sources for opening and closing corresponding to different control channels, and the safety door locks on the two sides are respectively controlled to act. Different from the safety protection control of a common single-channel numerical control machine tool, the safety door opening instruction button can only take effect if and only if two channels are in a manual state simultaneously.
In order to avoid dangerous accidents caused by the fact that an operator mistakenly touches and opens or locks the machining area safety door when the operator is inappropriate, delay processing is conducted on the opening of the manual machining area door in a PMC control program, delay time setting of manual opening is conducted through a T address, the delay time setting is set to be 3S, namely under the condition that all channels are in a manual mode and all feeding shafts and main shafts in all channels are in a static state, a safety door opening button 3S defined on a machine tool operation panel is pressed, a middle R address is connected, opening and locking actions of the fence safety door are controlled through state changes of the middle R address, the R address triggers Y (output address) actions of the program, the PMC output module state changes of a corresponding channel, and electric door opening actions of a safety lock electromagnet are controlled to be completed. And meanwhile, detecting closing state input points of the fence safety doors of the processing areas arranged in the two control channels of the machine tool in real time in a PMC program, and triggering alarm prompts at the two channels simultaneously if any safety door is not closed in place.
And under the unlocking state of the safety door, the button switches on the channel control panel are respectively used as closed signal sources corresponding to different control channels to respectively control the actions of the safety door locks on the two sides. In the PMC control program, time delay processing is carried out on the closing of a manual machining zone, time delay setting of manual closing is carried out through a T address, the time delay setting is set to be 3S, namely under the condition that all channels are in a manual mode and all feed shafts and main shafts in all channels are in a static state, a safety door closing button 3S defined on a machine tool operation panel is pressed, a middle R address is switched on, the locking action of the fence safety door is controlled through the state change of the middle R address, the R address triggers the Y (output address) action of the PMC program, the state change of a PMC output module of the corresponding channel controls the electric door opening action of a safety lock electromagnet to be completed. And releasing all forbidden states in all the channels only if the safety doors of all the channels are closed and the closed in-place state is detected.
As shown in fig. 4: and the PMC program is used for controlling in the opening state of the safety door, the NC program is prohibited from being started, so that the movement of each feed shaft is restrained, and the external speed reduction function of the feed shaft is activated to clamp the speed of the feed shaft in a manual control mode and a hand wheel control mode. The movement speed of the external deceleration function is specified by a parameter and is independent of the clamp command phase in each axis and each direction.
Setting whether the parameter 8131#2 external deceleration function is effective or not; set to 1, the external deceleration function is set to be active. Setting parameters 1427 for the external deceleration speed of each feed shaft moving rapidly; when the PMC program sets the feed axis feed direction external deceleration state for each of the system variables G118, G120 to 0, the speed in the feed axis manual movement direction is clamped using the set value in the parameter 1427. In the safety integration design of the double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine, the particularity of the operation and use of the equipment is considered, an operator or a maintenance tester enters a machine tool machining area to carry out safety protection under the operation state, the parameter is set to be 2000mm/min, namely, the manual moving speed of each shaft is clamped within 2000mm/min under the opening state of the safety door, and the manual moving speed of each shaft is restored to the set speed under the in-place state of the safety door closing. The PMC program processes the G118 feed axis positive external deceleration signal 1 and the G120 feed axis negative external deceleration signal 1. And when the safety door is detected to be in an opening output state or a non-closing in-place state, the corresponding positions G118 and G120 of all the feeding shafts are activated at the same time, and the positive and negative feeding speeds are clamped. For example, the X-axis positive external deceleration signal 1 corresponds to G118.0, and the negative external deceleration signal 1 corresponds to G120.0. It should be noted that the control bit states corresponding to G118 and G120 are 0, and the external deceleration function is enabled, i.e. the control bit state corresponding to the state of the emergency gate being opened or not being locked is 0.
The highest hand wheel pulse control moving speed of the feed shaft is also clamped under the hand wheel mode so as to ensure the safety of personnel, and the specific control design is developed as follows: setting parameters 1434 for the maximum feeding speed of each feeding shaft hand wheel; when the PMC program sets the system variable G23.3 state to 1, the corresponding feed shaft hand wheel pulse movement control speed is clamped using the set value in parameter 1434. In the safety integration design of the double-sided deck type boring and milling machine, a public X axis exists, when the safety doors of the two sides of the operation cabin are in an opening state, all the feed shaft moving speeds in the two control channels are clamped at the same time, the parameter is set to be 2000mm/min, namely, the pulse moving speed of each shaft hand wheel is clamped within 2000mm/min in the opening state of the safety doors, and the pulse moving speed of each shaft hand wheel is recovered to the originally set speed in the closing state of the safety doors in place. And the PMC program processes the switching signals of the maximum feeding speed of the manual hand wheel of all the feeding shafts of G23.3. And when the safety door is detected to be in an opening output state or a state that the safety door is not closed in place, the manual hand wheel of the shaft is simultaneously activated to feed the maximum speed switching signal G23.3, and the pulse speed of the manual hand wheel of all the shafts is clamped.
The rotation of the main shaft is the greatest potential safety hazard for the personal safety of an operator, when the safety door is opened, the main shaft speed of the main shafts SP1 and SP2 in the two control channels of the numerical control system is clamped simultaneously, and the rotating speed of the main shaft is clamped in the safe tool setting operation using speed. The use of the PMC spindle output control function involves NC parameter control and PMC program control, and the specific control method is as follows. NC parameter 3705#0 is set to 0, and when the spindle control function (spindle analog output or spindle serial output) is provided, or when the peripheral speed constant control function is provided, or parameter 3706#4 is set to 1, the S code and SF signal are output for all S commands. When NC parameter 3705#4 is set to 1 and the spindle control function (spindle analog output or spindle serial output) is provided, an S code and an SF signal are output to the S command. When NC parameter 3705#5 is set to 0 and the M-series is selected, the SF signal is output when the S code is commanded (when 3706#4 is 1 or with the constant peripheral speed control function). NC parameter 3705#6 is set to 0, and an SF signal is output at the time of gear switching. When the PMC program controls and monitors that the safety door is opened or the safety door is not closed in place, the safety door is in a manual or hand wheel mode; the state of an activation control bit G33.7 is 1, and a main shaft is controlled by a speed command (G32.0-G33.3, 12-bit rotating speed setting code) sent by a PMC; the state of an activation control bit G33.6 is 1, and a main shaft is controlled by a polarity instruction sent by a PMC; the control bit G33.5 is controlled according to the actual mechanical gear transmission state, the command polarities of M03 and M04 are set, G33.5 is 1, the output polarity of the main shaft is negative, G33.5 is 0, and the output polarity of the main shaft is positive.
And calculating a speed control set value of the main shaft in the PMC control mode, converting the value into a binary number, and assigning the control bits from G32.0 to G33.3. The calculation is made according to the following formula: the set value is the required spindle speed ÷ maximum spindle speed 4059. For example: according to the safe operation requirement proposed by a user, when the spindle safe rotating speed is 50r/min, the required spindle rotating speed is 50r/min ÷ spindle maximum rotating speed is 2000r/min ≈ 4059 ≈ 101, the decimal number 101 is converted into binary number 1100101, the binary number corresponds to G32.0 to G33.3 control bits to be controlled, the two-channel machine tool is provided with two spindles, the two spindles are respectively located in different control channels, are not double spindles in the traditional sense and cannot be controlled by using a second spindle control bit, and the spindles in the second channel are controlled by G1033.5, G1033.6, G1033.7, G1032.0 to G1033.3.
Example (b):
the safe integration and control method of the numerical control double-sided deck type boring and milling machine comprises the following steps;
the processing area fence safety door control is essentially the interactive control of an electromagnetic safety door lock, a safety door locking detection device and a numerical control system NC and PLC, and can only be operated in a manual control mode. When each channel is in a manual mode, the button switches on the channel control panel are respectively used as signal sources for opening and closing corresponding to different control channels, and the safety door locks on the two sides are respectively controlled to act. The safety protection control that is different from ordinary single channel digit control machine tool, emergency exit can only open if and only when two passageways are manual state simultaneously.
In order to avoid dangerous accidents caused by the fact that an operator mistakenly touches and opens or locks the machining area safety door when the operator is improper, delay processing is conducted on the opening of the manual machining area door in a PMC control program, delay time setting of manual opening is conducted through a T address and is set to be 3S, namely under the conditions of a JOG mode and a machine tool static state, the safety door opening button 3S is pressed, the middle R address is connected, and the opening and locking actions of the machining area safety door are controlled through the state change of the middle R address. And detecting closing state input points of fence safety doors of a processing area configured in two control channels of the machine tool in real time in a PMC program, and triggering alarm prompts in the two channels simultaneously if any side door is not closed in place.
And if personnel detect that the safety door of any one channel is opened or the safety door is not closed in place when the safety door of the guardrail of the machining area enters the machining area, starting the NC machining program of each channel is absolutely forbidden, and if the two channels do not have the safety door opening instruction and the safety doors are closed in place, the two channels are allowed to execute the NC program, and the first channel G7.2 and the second channel G1007.2 are processed. The processing procedure can not be started, the condition that the machine tool is suddenly started for processing when the tool magazine is maintained is avoided, and the safety protection is carried out on the maintenance and operation personnel to the greater extent
And the PMC program is used for controlling in the opening state of the safety door, the NC program is prohibited from being started, so that the movement of each feed shaft is restrained, and the external speed reduction function of the feed shaft is activated to clamp the speed of the feed shaft in a manual control mode and a hand wheel control mode. The movement speed of the external deceleration function is specified by a parameter and is independent of the clamp command phase in each axis and each direction.
The specific method for the safety integrated control in the manual mode is as follows:
1. setting whether the parameter 8131#2 external deceleration function is effective or not; set to 1, the external deceleration function is set to be active.
2. Setting parameters 1427 for the external deceleration speed of each feed shaft moving rapidly; when the PMC program sets the feed axis feed direction external deceleration state for each of the system variables G118, G120 to 0, the speed in the feed axis manual movement direction is clamped using the set value in the parameter 1427. In the safety integration design of the double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine, the particularity of the operation and use of the equipment is considered, an operator or a maintenance tester enters a machine tool machining area to carry out safety protection under the operation state, the parameter is set to be 2000mm/min, namely, the manual moving speed of each shaft is clamped within 2000mm/min under the opening state of the safety door, and the manual moving speed of each shaft is restored to the set speed under the in-place state of the safety door closing.
The PMC program processes the G118 feed axis positive external deceleration signal 1 and the G120 feed axis negative external deceleration signal 1. And when the safety door is detected to be in an opening output state or a non-closing in-place state, the corresponding positions G118 and G120 of all the feeding shafts are activated at the same time, and the positive and negative feeding speeds are clamped. For example, the X-axis positive external deceleration signal 1 corresponds to G118.0, and the negative external deceleration signal 1 corresponds to G120.0. It should be noted that the control bit states corresponding to G118 and G120 are 0, and the external deceleration function is enabled, i.e. the control bit state corresponding to the state of the emergency gate being opened or not being locked is 0.
The highest hand wheel pulse control moving speed of the feed shaft is also clamped under the hand wheel mode so as to ensure the safety of personnel, and the specific control design is developed as follows:
1. setting parameters 1434 for the maximum feeding speed of each feeding shaft hand wheel; when the PMC program sets the system variable G23.3 state to 1, the corresponding feed shaft hand wheel pulse movement control speed is clamped using the set value in parameter 1434. In the safety integration design of the double-sided deck type boring and milling machine, a public X axis exists, when the safety doors of the two sides of the operation cabin are in an opening state, all the feed shaft moving speeds in the two control channels are clamped at the same time, the parameter is set to be 2000mm/min, namely, the pulse moving speed of each shaft hand wheel is clamped within 2000mm/min in the opening state of the safety doors, and the pulse moving speed of each shaft hand wheel is recovered to the originally set speed in the closing state of the safety doors in place.
And 2, processing the maximum speed switching signals of the manual handwheel feeding of all the feeding shafts G23.3 by a PMC program. And when the safety door is detected to be in an opening output state or a state that the safety door is not closed in place, the manual hand wheel of the shaft is simultaneously activated to feed the maximum speed switching signal G23.3, and the pulse speed of the manual hand wheel of all the shafts is clamped.
The rotation of the main shaft is the greatest potential safety hazard for the personal safety of an operator, when the safety door is opened, the main shaft speed of the main shafts SP1 and SP2 in the two control channels of the numerical control system is clamped simultaneously, and the rotating speed of the main shaft is clamped in the safe tool setting operation using speed. The FANUC system clamps the rotating speed of the main shaft by various functional methods, and the method mainly introduces the PMC main shaft output control function to clamp the rotating speed of the main shaft and directly clamp the rotating speed of the main shaft, and can play a role in clamping the rotating speed of the main shaft.
The use of the PMC spindle output control function involves NC parameter control and PMC program control, and the specific control method is as follows.
1. NC parameter 3705#0 is set to 0, and when the spindle control function (spindle analog output or spindle serial output) is provided, or when the peripheral speed constant control function is provided, or parameter 3706#4 is set to 1, the S code and SF signal are output for all S commands. When NC parameter 3705#4 is set to 1 and the spindle control function (spindle analog output or spindle serial output) is provided, an S code and an SF signal are output to the S command. When NC parameter 3705#5 is set to 0 and the M-series is selected, the SF signal is output when the S code is commanded (when 3706#4 is 1 or with the constant peripheral speed control function). NC parameter 3705#6 is set to 0, and an SF signal is output at the time of gear switching.
3. When the PMC program controls and monitors that the safety door is opened or the safety door is not closed in place, the safety door is in a manual or hand wheel mode; the state of an activation control bit G33.7 is 1, and a main shaft is controlled by a speed command (G32.0-G33.3, 12-bit rotating speed setting code) sent by a PMC; the state of an activation control bit G33.6 is 1, and a main shaft is controlled by a polarity instruction sent by a PMC; the control bit G33.5 is controlled according to the actual mechanical gear transmission state, the command polarities of M03 and M04 are set, G33.5 is 1, the output polarity of the main shaft is negative, G33.5 is 0, and the output polarity of the main shaft is positive.
2. And calculating a speed control set value of the main shaft in the PMC control mode, converting the value into a binary number, and assigning the control bits from G32.0 to G33.3. The calculation is made according to the following formula: the set value is the required spindle speed ÷ maximum spindle speed 4059. For example: according to the safe operation requirement proposed by the user, the spindle rotating speed 50r/min divided by the spindle maximum rotating speed 2000r/min 4059 approximately equals to 101 when the spindle safe rotating speed is 50r/min, the decimal number 101 is converted into binary number 1100101, the binary number value is used for controlling the control bits from G32.0 to G33.3,
3. the double-channel machine tool is provided with two main shafts, but the two main shafts are respectively positioned in different control channels, the double-channel machine tool is not a traditional double main shaft and cannot be controlled by using a second main shaft control position, and the main shafts in the second channel are controlled by G1033.5, G1033.6, G1033.7 and G1032.0-G1033.3.
Claims (6)
1. The numerical control double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine safety integration is characterized by comprising a machine tool integral safety fence body (1), wherein an A machine fence safety door (4) and a B machine fence safety door (9) are respectively arranged on the A machine side and the B machine side of the machine tool integral safety fence body (1); the upper right corners of the A machine fence safety door (4) and the B machine fence safety door (9) are respectively provided with an A machine fence safety door electronic lock (5) and a B machine fence safety door electronic lock (10) which are respectively controlled by an A machine operation panel (2) and a B machine operation panel (7); the opening connection parts of the machine tool integral safety fence body (1) and the A machine fence safety door (4) and the B machine fence safety door (9) are respectively provided with an A machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element (6) and a B machine fence safety door closing in-place detection element (11) which are used for detecting whether each safety door is in a closed state or not in real time; the machine A operation panel (2) is connected with the machine A hand wheel (3) through a cable, and the machine B operation panel (7) is connected with the machine B hand wheel (8) through a cable.
2. The safety integration of the numerical control double-sided holding bench type boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first channel machine tool and a second channel machine tool are arranged between the A machine side and the B machine side, a common X axis (12) is arranged at the center of the first channel machine tool and the second channel machine tool, and an A machine Y axis (13) is arranged at the first channel machine tool side.
3. The safety integration of the numerical control double-sided deck type boring and milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the machine A is integrally controlled by a first channel machine tool and comprises a machine A upright slide seat, a machine A main axle box and a machine A boring bar component; the machine A upright post sliding seat is positioned at the middle position right inside the workbench lathe bed, the machine A spindle box is positioned above the machine A upright post sliding seat, and the machine A boring rod is positioned at the middle position right inside the machine A spindle box; the front and back movement of the upright post sliding seat of the machine A is controlled by a W shaft (15) of the machine A, the up and down movement of a main shaft box of the machine A is controlled by a Y shaft (13) of the machine A, the front and back movement of a boring bar of the machine A is controlled by a Z shaft (14) of the machine A, and the rotary movement of the boring bar of the machine A is controlled by an SP shaft (16) of the machine A.
4. The numerical control double-sided holding table type boring and milling machine safety integration according to claim 3, wherein the machine A Y shaft (13), the machine A W shaft (15), the machine A Z shaft (14), the common X shaft (12) and the machine A SP shaft (16) are connected with a machine A operation panel (2) and a machine A hand wheel (3); the movement is controlled by an A machine operation panel (2) and an A machine hand wheel (3).
5. The safety integration of the numerical control double-sided deck-type boring and milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the machine B is integrally controlled by a second channel machine tool and comprises a machine B upright slide seat, a machine B main shaft box and a machine B boring rod component; the machine B upright post sliding seat is positioned in the middle position right inside the workbench lathe bed, the machine B spindle box is positioned above the machine B upright post sliding seat, and the machine B boring bar is positioned in the middle position right inside the machine B spindle box; the front and back movement of the upright post sliding seat of the machine B is controlled by a W shaft (19) of the machine B, the up and down movement of a main shaft box of the machine B is controlled by a Y shaft (17) of the machine B, the front and back movement of a boring bar of the machine B is controlled by a Z shaft (18) of the machine B, and the rotary movement of the boring bar of the machine B is controlled by an SP shaft (20) of the machine B.
6. The safety integration of the numerical control double-sided holding bench type boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the machine B Y shaft (17), the machine B W shaft (19), the machine B Z shaft (18) and the machine B SP shaft (20) are connected with the machine B operation panel (7) and the machine B hand wheel (8), and are controlled by the machine B operation panel (7) and the machine B hand wheel (8) to move.
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| CN111761402A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-13 | 沈机集团昆明机床股份有限公司 | Safety integration of a CNC double-sided holding table boring and milling machine and its control method |
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Address after: No.23, Ciba Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650203 Patentee after: General technology Group Kunming Machine Tool Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.23, Ciba Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650203 Patentee before: SHENJI GROUP KUNMING MACHINE TOOL Co.,Ltd. |