CN212484703U - A simple pendulum that simulates changing the acceleration of gravity - Google Patents
A simple pendulum that simulates changing the acceleration of gravity Download PDFInfo
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- CN212484703U CN212484703U CN202021193182.6U CN202021193182U CN212484703U CN 212484703 U CN212484703 U CN 212484703U CN 202021193182 U CN202021193182 U CN 202021193182U CN 212484703 U CN212484703 U CN 212484703U
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000079889 Cymbidium pendulum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种能够模拟改变重力加速度的单摆，包括透明风道以及单摆；所述单摆的摆球悬挂于风道的中空；所述风道的底部或者顶部设置风机，风机的旋转速度档位至少为3挡；所述风机的出风口处设置出风网。本实用新型的有益效果是由于电机的风力大小连续可调，所以在改变g上也是连续变化且可控的，非常灵活。本装置中风机的风能够对着单摆向上吹出，研究g变小的情况；风也可以对着单摆向下吹，形成向下吹的风，研究g变大的情况。本装置中保留线摆和小球这种最合理的单摆形式，演示效果好，也方便调节摆长L，以及进行其他拓展实验。
The utility model discloses a single pendulum capable of simulating and changing the acceleration of gravity, comprising a transparent air duct and a single pendulum; the pendulum ball of the single pendulum is suspended in the hollow of the air duct; a fan is arranged at the bottom or the top of the air duct, and the fan The rotation speed gear of the fan is at least 3; the air outlet of the fan is provided with an air outlet. The beneficial effect of the utility model is that since the wind power of the motor is continuously adjustable, the change of g is also continuously variable and controllable, and is very flexible. The wind of the fan in the device can be blown upward against the pendulum to study the situation that g becomes smaller; the wind can also blow downward against the pendulum to form a downward blowing wind to study the situation of the increase of g. In this device, the most reasonable single pendulum form, such as line pendulum and small ball, is retained, and the demonstration effect is good, and it is also convenient to adjust the pendulum length L and conduct other expansion experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a middle school physics teaching field, concretely relates to can simulate change acceleration of gravity's simple pendulum.
Background
Theoretically, the relationship among the vibration period T of the simple pendulum, the pendulum length L of the simple pendulum, and the gravitational acceleration g is: the period T is in direct proportion to the square root of the pendulum length L and in inverse proportion to the square root of the local gravity acceleration g, and the proportionality coefficient is 2 pi; the relation is as follows:
the local gravitational acceleration can be measured using this relationship. It is easy to qualitatively explore that the period of oscillation T of a simple pendulum is proportional to the square root of the length L of the pendulum, but it is not easy to observe that the period T is inversely proportional to the square root of the acceleration of gravity g, since the acceleration of gravity is only related to different positions and different heights of the earth. The variation of the gravitational acceleration is not very significant at different positions of the earth. Many teachers therefore try to solve this problem experimentally, and the following categories are the main prior art: (1) electrostatic force is used; the force of the pendulum ball in the vertical direction can be changed without changing the force of the pendulum ball in the horizontal direction through the action of the uniform electric field on the charges. The experimental device is feasible, but instruments are expensive, the experimental device is not easy to build, and the electric quantity of the pendulum ball is extremely unstable (can discharge in air), so that the magnitude of the electrostatic force is changed all the time, and the change is irregular and uncontrollable. Therefore, the tester can only perform qualitative experiments, namely, the period T is reduced when the g is increased; when g decreases, the period T increases. (2) Magnetic force is used. The pendulum ball of the simple pendulum is made of an iron ball, and then a large magnet or an electromagnetic coil is arranged below the pendulum ball to attract the iron ball, so that the effect of simulating and increasing g is achieved. The design structure is simple, but because a uniform magnetic field cannot be realized in reality, the attraction force is constantly changed, and only qualitative experiments that the period T is reduced when g is increased can be realized actually. If the iron ball is replaced by the magnet, the repulsive force simulation g is reduced, and the magnet is easy to turn over in motion to become attractive in practice, so that the operation is difficult. (3) The change g was simulated by letting the pendulum swing on a "ramp". The most mature scheme is the related product abroad. The 'inclined' pendulum is realized by changing the rope into a light rod. Thus, in theory, the component of g on the rod is the g pendulum associated with this pendulum motion. The design structure is simple and the operation is convenient. But the material requirements are high and in fact a compound pendulum, only approximately a simple pendulum. In addition, it can only do g decrease case, can not do g increase case. Therefore, a simple pendulum capable of relatively quantitatively changing the gravitational acceleration is required.
Disclosure of Invention
1. The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
to the technical problem, the utility model provides a new, the stronger method of exploring the relation of simple pendulum cycle T and acceleration of gravity g of operability, this simple pendulum keeps the angle of simple pendulum at the in-process of pendulum at the within range of regulation, and the wind that the simple pendulum received is even, can realize acceleration of gravity's quantitative research.
2. The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a can simulate simple pendulum that changes acceleration of gravity which characterized in that: comprises a transparent air duct and a simple pendulum; the pendulum ball of the simple pendulum is suspended in the hollow of the air duct; a fan is arranged at the bottom or the top of the air channel, and the rotating speed of the fan can be adjusted; an air outlet net is arranged at the air outlet of the fan.
And during measurement, one end of the cycloid is connected with the pendulum ball, and the other end of the cycloid is connected with the micro-force sensor.
Further, the device also comprises an iron stand; the simple pendulum is hung on an iron support.
Further, the pendulum ball is an iron ball.
3. Has the advantages that:
(1) in the device, the wind power of the motor is continuously adjustable, so that the change g is also continuously variable and controllable, and the device is very flexible.
(2) Wind energy of a fan in the device can be blown out upwards against a simple pendulum, and the situation that g becomes small is researched; the wind may be blown downward against the pendulum to form a downward wind, and the case where g becomes large is studied.
(3) The most reasonable single pendulum form of the line pendulum and the small ball is reserved in the device, the demonstration effect is good, the pendulum length L is convenient to adjust, and other extended experiments are carried out.
(4) The device adopts the mode of experimental calibration g, skillfully bypasses complex wind calculation, reduces the requirement on the air blower, and does not need to display the wind speed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device with the motor arranged at the bottom.
Detailed Description
As shown in the attached figure 1, a simple pendulum capable of simulating and changing the gravity acceleration is characterized in that: comprises a transparent air duct 1 and a simple pendulum; the pendulum ball 2 of the simple pendulum is suspended in the hollow of the air duct; the bottom or the top of the air channel is provided with a fan 3, and the rotating speed of the fan can be adjusted; an air outlet net 4 is arranged at the air outlet of the fan. In the figure 5 the table top is shown. Typically, the speed of the fan is typically 3 gears.
And during measurement, one end of the cycloid is connected with the pendulum ball, and the other end of the cycloid is connected with the micro-force sensor. The micro-force sensor is used to measure the "gravity" experienced by the ball when the ball is at rest (both windy and no wind). When measuring, one end of the cycloid is connected with the ball, and the other end of the cycloid is connected with the micro-force sensor, so that the ball naturally droops.
Further, the device also comprises an iron stand; the simple pendulum is suspended on the iron support 6. The iron stand is placed on a table top.
Further, the pendulum ball is an iron ball.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
experimental procedure
1. And measuring the gravity G borne by the pendulum ball by using a micro-force sensor.
2. The pendulum ball is suspended by a wire, placed at a certain position A in an air duct of the blower, the blower is turned on to a certain gear (such as K), and the gravity G' borne by the pendulum ball at this time is measured.
3. The apparatus is set up as shown in fig. 1, and the pendulum ball is still in position a.
4. And (3) measuring the time T of swinging the small ball for 50 times when the fan is not turned on by using a simple pendulum experiment method, and calculating the period T = T/50.
5. And (5) turning on the fan and adjusting to the gear K. The time T ' for 50 times of swing of the small ball is measured, and the period T ' = T '/50 is calculated.
6. Changing the gear of the fan, repeating the steps 3-5, and measuring different g conditions.
7. And (3) data analysis: validation of G and T according to G = mg2In an inverse relationship.
Specifically, the following description is provided: the swing angle of the swing ball must be very small, and the swing length is not too short, so as to ensure that the swing ball moves at the same height basically.
Experimental data: the pendulum ball is an iron ball with a diameter of 20mm, and the swing times n =50
In the absence of wind: g =0.312N, G =9.8, T =98.97s, T =1.9794s, 1/T2=0.2552307
In case of wind: g =0.302N, G =9.486, T =100.57s, T =2.0114s, 1/T2=0.2471742.
From the above experimental data we can see that g no wind/g wind =1.0331 ≈ 1.0326= (1/T wind)2) /(1/T calm wind)2）. I.e. g and T2In an inversely proportional relationship.
In this experiment, objective data not directly related to the experimental study were as follows: cycloid length LThread=0.87m, i.e. pendulum length L = LThread+0.5d =0.97m, the ball material being a solid iron ball.
And (4) experimental conclusion:
1. in the simple pendulum movement, the inverse relation between g and T2 is satisfied. According to the formula:
。
2. under the conditions of uniform wind power and proper size and density of the pendulum ball, the gravity acceleration g of the simple pendulum can be simulated and changed by using the vertical upward constant force of the wind on the pendulum ball.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a can simulate simple pendulum that changes acceleration of gravity which characterized in that: comprises a transparent air duct and a simple pendulum; the pendulum ball of the simple pendulum is suspended in the hollow of the air duct; a fan is arranged at the bottom or the top of the air channel, and the rotating speed of the fan can be adjusted; an air outlet net is arranged at the air outlet of the fan.
2. A simple pendulum capable of simulating varying gravitational acceleration according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a micro-force sensor, and during measurement, one end of the cycloid is connected with the pendulum ball, and the other end of the cycloid is connected with the micro-force sensor.
3. A simple pendulum capable of simulating varying gravitational acceleration according to claim 1, wherein: the iron stand is also included; the simple pendulum is hung on an iron support.
4. A simple pendulum capable of simulating varying gravitational acceleration according to claim 1, wherein: the pendulum ball is an iron ball.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021193182.6U CN212484703U (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | A simple pendulum that simulates changing the acceleration of gravity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021193182.6U CN212484703U (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | A simple pendulum that simulates changing the acceleration of gravity |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212484703U true CN212484703U (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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| CN202021193182.6U Active CN212484703U (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | A simple pendulum that simulates changing the acceleration of gravity |
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- 2020-06-24 CN CN202021193182.6U patent/CN212484703U/en active Active
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: A pendulum capable of simulating changes in gravitational acceleration Granted publication date: 20210205 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Nanjing City South Branch Pledgor: JIANGSU SUWEIER SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2025980012856 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |