CN212419666U

CN212419666U - High-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure

Info

Publication number: CN212419666U
Application number: CN202021515649.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴行飞; 邓崛华; 许宇亮; 邓光亚
Original assignee: Beijing Prosper Precision Machine Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Prosper Precision Machine Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-28
Filing date: 2020-07-28
Publication date: 2021-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure, the main shaft erects in the headstock sleeve through the bearing combination, the input of main shaft is connected with belt pulley transmission, the output of main shaft is connected work piece dress card workstation, the bearing combination includes first bearing, second bearing and third bearing group, first bearing and second bearing are double-row cylindrical roller bearing and the inner circle is the taper hole; the third bearing group comprises two angular contact ball bearings which are arranged back to back; a first conical shaft section is arranged at the end of the main shaft close to the workbench, a second conical shaft section is arranged at the end close to the belt pulley, and the inner rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are respectively correspondingly arranged on the first conical shaft section and the second conical shaft section and are axially locked and positioned by an inner ring locking mechanism; the third bearing group is closely arranged at the inner side of the first bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing group is axially positioned and locked by the outer ring locking mechanism. The utility model discloses high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure has increased the rigidity of main shaft cantilever end, has improved the lathe work precision.

Description

High-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine tool equipment technical field, more specifically the utility model relates to a high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure that says so.

Background

The vertical lathe is different from the common lathe in that the main shaft of the vertical lathe is vertical, which is equivalent to the common lathe being vertically erected. The workbench is in a horizontal position, so that the machine is suitable for processing heavy parts with large diameter and short length. The numerical control vertical lathe is suitable for processing medium and small-sized disc and cover parts, and the high-strength cast iron base and the stand column have vertical structures with good stability and anti-seismic performance, are convenient to clamp workpieces, and have small occupied area. In modern life, automobiles are more and more popular, and the increase of the automobiles promotes the increase of the demand of wheel hubs. The numerical control vertical lathe is particularly suitable for machining wheel hubs.

However, most of workpiece spindles of the prior art numerically controlled vertical lathe are a set of tapered roller bearings and a set of double-row cylindrical roller bearings which are installed in a vertically matched manner, and although the centering effect is good, the rigidity is not enough, so that when a wheel hub with high precision requirement is machined, the machining precision requirement is often difficult to guarantee.

Therefore, how to provide a high-rigidity and high-precision workpiece spindle structure to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure has increased the rigidity of main shaft cantilever end, has improved the lathe work precision.

In view of this, the utility model provides a high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure, including main shaft, bearing assembly, headstock sleeve and belt pulley, the main shaft erects in the headstock sleeve through the bearing assembly, the input of main shaft with belt pulley transmission is connected, the output of main shaft is connected work piece dress card workstation, the bearing assembly includes first bearing, second bearing and third bearing group, first bearing and second bearing are double-row cylindrical roller bearing and the inner circle is the taper hole; the third bearing group comprises two angular contact ball bearings which are arranged back to back; the end of the main shaft close to the workbench is provided with a first conical shaft section, the end of the main shaft close to the belt pulley is provided with a second conical shaft section, and the inner rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the first conical shaft section and the second conical shaft section and are axially locked and positioned by corresponding inner ring locking mechanisms; the third bearing group is closely arranged on the inner side of the first bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing combination is axially positioned and locked on the inner hole wall of the spindle box sleeve by an outer ring locking mechanism.

The utility model has the advantages that: the two ends of the main shaft are provided with the double-row cylindrical roller bearings as main supports, so that the rigidity of the cantilever end of the main shaft can be increased due to the fact that the first bearing and the second bearing are far away from each other in a pulling-open mode; the centering function can be increased by adopting the double-row cylindrical roller bearing with the inner hole of the inner ring as the taper hole as the main support to be matched with the taper shaft section of the main shaft; two angular contact ball bearings arranged back to back are adopted by the third bearing group to balance the axial load, and meanwhile, the span of the force action point is larger, so that the rigidity of the cantilever end is larger. And the rotation precision of the main supporting double-row cylindrical roller bearing is larger than that of the tapered roller bearing used in the prior art. The utility model discloses high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure has increased the rigidity of main shaft cantilever end, has improved the lathe work precision.

Further, inner circle locking mechanism includes spacer and first lock nut, the spacer cup joints on the main shaft, a spacer terminal surface butt is established ties together the inner circle of first bearing and third bearing group, another terminal surface butt of spacer first lock nut, first lock nut threaded connection be in the threaded shaft section of main shaft.

Preferably, the inner ring locking mechanism further comprises an adjusting pad, a rear spacer bush and a second locking nut, a shoulder is further arranged on the inner side of the second cone shaft section of the spindle, the adjusting pad is pressed and sleeved between the shoulder and the inner end face of the inner ring of the second bearing, and the rear spacer bush and the second locking nut press the outer end face of the inner ring of the second bearing.

Further, outer lane locking mechanism includes small sleeve and goes up the labyrinth flange, the telescopic mounting hole of headstock is the step hole, the step sets up and is being close to belt pulley one end, small sleeve nested install in the headstock sleeve macropore, small sleeve one end butt the step other end butt the outer lane of third bearing group is inboard, it passes through bolted connection to go up the labyrinth flange headstock sleeve macropore mouth department, it is provided with the convex clamping ring to the inboard to go up the labyrinth flange, the clamping ring compresses tightly the outer lane of first bearing.

Preferentially, outer lane locking mechanism still includes back gland, the small sleeve is close to the one end internal diameter of belt pulley is less than the internal diameter of headstock sleeve aperture, back gland passes through bolted connection headstock sleeve aperture department, be provided with the convex clamping ring to the inboard on the back gland, the outer lane both ends face of second bearing compresses tightly respectively the small sleeve with between the clamping ring.

Furthermore, the belt pulley further comprises a synchronizing wheel, and the synchronizing wheel is coaxially arranged on the inner end face of the belt pulley through a bolt.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure's section view structure schematic diagram.

The novel bearing comprises a main shaft 1, a first taper shaft section 101, a second taper shaft section 102, a first bearing 2, a second bearing 3, a third bearing 4, a main shaft box sleeve 5, a belt pulley 6, a synchronous wheel 7, a spacer 8, a first locking nut 9, a small sleeve 10, an upper labyrinth flange 11, an adjusting pad 12, a rear spacer 13, a second locking nut 14, a rear gland 15 and a belt pulley gland 16.

Detailed Description

The core of the utility model is to provide a high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure, increased the rigidity of main shaft cantilever end, improved the lathe work precision.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure includes a spindle 1, a bearing assembly, a spindle box sleeve 5 and a belt pulley 6, the spindle 1 is erected in the spindle box sleeve 5 through the bearing assembly, an input end of a cantilever of the spindle 1 is connected to the belt pulley 6, and an output end of the cantilever of the spindle 1 is connected to a workpiece chucking worktable.

The bearing combination comprises a first bearing 2, a second bearing 3 and a third bearing group 4, wherein the first bearing 2 and the second bearing 3 are double-row cylindrical roller bearings, inner holes of inner rings are taper holes, and the third bearing group 4 comprises two angular contact ball bearings which are arranged back to back; a first conical shaft section 101 is arranged at the end, close to the workbench, of the main shaft 1, a second conical shaft section 102 is arranged at the end, close to the belt pulley 6, of the main shaft, and inner rings of the first bearing 2 and the second bearing 3 are respectively arranged on the first conical shaft section 101 and the second conical shaft section 102 and are axially locked and positioned by corresponding inner ring locking mechanisms; the third bearing group 4 is closely arranged below the first bearing 2, and the outer ring of the bearing combination is axially positioned and locked on the inner hole wall of the main spindle box sleeve 5 by an outer ring locking mechanism.

The two ends of the main shaft 1 are provided with the double-row cylindrical roller bearings as main supports, so that the rigidity of the cantilever end of the main shaft can be increased by the distance of pulling the first bearing 2 and the second bearing 3 away; the centering function can be increased by adopting a double-row cylindrical roller bearing with an inner ring inner hole as a taper hole as a main support to be matched with a taper shaft section of the main shaft 1; two angular contact ball bearings arranged back to back are adopted by the third bearing group 4 to balance the axial load, and meanwhile, the span of the force action point is larger, so that the rigidity of the cantilever end is larger. And the rotation precision of the main supporting double-row cylindrical roller bearing is larger than that of the tapered roller bearing used in the prior art. The utility model discloses high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure has increased the rigidity of main shaft cantilever end, has improved the lathe work precision.

In a specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the inner circle locking mechanism that shows includes spacer 8 and first lock nut 9, and spacer 8 cup joints on main shaft 1, and the inner circle of the first bearing 2 and the third bearing group 4 that 8 terminal surfaces butts of spacer are established ties together, and the first lock nut 9 of another terminal surface butt of spacer 8, main shaft 1 are in spacer 8 is close to belt pulley 6 one side is provided with the threaded shaft section, and first lock nut 9 threaded connection the threaded shaft section and lock spacer 8. Obviously, other forms of locking mechanism may also be adopted, such as axial locking by means of a circlip for a shaft, and similar deformation modes all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

When the first locking nut 9 is screwed, the first locking nut 9 extrudes the spacer 8, the spacer 8 compresses the inner rings of the first bearing 2 and the third bearing group 4 which are connected together in series, the inner rings of the first bearing 2 and the third bearing group 4 can be axially locked, and the locking force is high. Still set up the jackscrew on first lock nut 9's the lateral wall, the tight main shaft 1's of jackscrew top screw thread shaft section is locked and is prevented not hard up.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the inner ring locking mechanism further includes an adjusting pad 12, a back spacer 13 and a second lock nut 14, the spindle 1 is further provided with a shoulder on the inner side of the second cone shaft section 102, the adjusting pad 12 is pressed and sleeved between the shoulder and the inner end face of the inner ring of the second bearing 3, and the back spacer 13 and the second lock nut 14 press the outer end face of the inner ring of the second bearing 3.

When the second locking nut 14 is screwed, the second locking nut 14 extrudes the rear spacer 13, the inner ring of the second bearing 3 is pressed on the adjusting pad 12 by the rear spacer 13, and the locking force is high. By adjusting the thickness of the adjusting pad 12, the radial clearance of the second bearing 3 can be finely adjusted, and the radial clearance is not affected by the axial small play of the main shaft 1, so that the rotation precision of the main shaft 1 is increased.

The utility model discloses an in a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, outer lane locking mechanism includes small sleeve 10 and last labyrinth flange 11, headstock sleeve 5's mounting hole is the step hole, the step setting is being close to 6 one ends of belt pulley, small sleeve 10 nested installation is in headstock sleeve 5 macropore, 4 outer lane inboards are organized to small sleeve 10 one end butt step other end butt third bearing, go up labyrinth flange 11 and pass through bolted connection in headstock sleeve 5 macropore hole department, it is provided with the convex clamping ring to the inboard to go up labyrinth flange 11, the clamping ring compresses tightly the outer lane of first bearing 2.

Through the arrangement of the small sleeve 10, the position of the outer ring of the third bearing group 4 is adjusted conveniently by adjusting the height of the small sleeve 10, and further the axial positioning precision of the spindle 1 is adjusted. One end of the bearing chamber can be sealed by the upper labyrinth flange 11 provided with a mechanical seal.

The utility model discloses an in a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, outer lane locking mechanism still includes back gland 15, and the one end internal diameter that little sleeve 10 is close to belt pulley 6 is less than the internal diameter of 5 apertures of headstock sleeve, and back gland 15 passes through bolted connection in 5 aperture of headstock sleeve department, is provided with the convex clamping ring to the inboard on back gland 15, and the outer lane both ends face of second bearing 3 compresses tightly respectively between little sleeve 10 and clamping ring.

The other end of the bearing chamber can be sealed by providing a mechanical seal between the rear gland 15 and the rear spacer 13.

In a specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses high rigidity high accuracy work piece main shaft structure still includes synchronizing wheel 7, and synchronizing wheel 7 passes through bolt coaxial arrangement on the terminal surface in belt pulley 6, through 16 axial locking location of belt pulley gland on the outer terminal surface of belt pulley 6.

Through the arrangement of the synchronizing wheel 7, when the main shaft rotates, the synchronizing wheel 7 can feed back the state of the main shaft more truly, so that corresponding adjustment is carried out, and the machining precision of the main shaft can be increased.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure comprises a spindle (1), a bearing combination, a spindle box sleeve (5) and a belt pulley (6), wherein the spindle (1) is erected in the spindle box sleeve (5) through the bearing combination, the input end of the spindle (1) is in transmission connection with the belt pulley (6), and the output end of the spindle (1) is connected with a workpiece clamping workbench, and the high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure is characterized in that the bearing combination comprises a first bearing (2), a second bearing (3) and a third bearing group (4), the first bearing (2) and the second bearing (3) are double-row cylindrical roller bearings, and inner rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are taper holes; the third bearing group (4) comprises two angular contact ball bearings which are arranged back to back; a first conical shaft section (101) is arranged at the end, close to the workbench, of the main shaft (1), a second conical shaft section (102) is arranged at the end, close to the belt pulley (6), of the main shaft, and inner rings of the first bearing (2) and the second bearing (3) are correspondingly arranged on the first conical shaft section (101) and the second conical shaft section (102) respectively and are axially locked and positioned by corresponding inner ring locking mechanisms; the third bearing group (4) is closely arranged on the inner side of the first bearing (2), and the outer ring of the bearing combination is axially positioned and locked on the inner hole wall of the spindle box sleeve (5) by an outer ring locking mechanism.

2. The high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein the inner ring locking mechanism comprises a spacer (8) and a first locking nut (9), the spacer (8) is sleeved on the spindle (1), one end face of the spacer (8) abuts against the inner side end face of the inner ring of the third bearing group (4), the other end face of the spacer (8) abuts against the first locking nut (9), a threaded shaft section is arranged on one side, close to the belt pulley (6), of the spacer (8) of the spindle (1), and the first locking nut (9) is in threaded connection with the threaded shaft section and locks the spacer (8).

3. The high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure according to claim 2, wherein the inner ring locking mechanism further comprises an adjusting pad (12), a rear spacer sleeve (13) and a second locking nut (14), the spindle (1) is further provided with a shoulder on the inner side of the second cone shaft section (102), the adjusting pad (12) is tightly sleeved between the shoulder and the inner end face of the inner ring of the second bearing (3), and the rear spacer sleeve (13) and the second locking nut (14) tightly press the outer end face of the inner ring of the second bearing (3).

4. The high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer ring locking mechanism comprises a small sleeve (10) and an upper labyrinth flange (11), the mounting hole of the spindle box sleeve (5) is a step hole, the step is arranged close to one end of the belt pulley (6), the small sleeve (10) is nested in the large hole of the spindle box sleeve (5), one end of the small sleeve (10) is abutted against the other end of the step, the outer ring of the third bearing group (4) is arranged on the inner side, the upper labyrinth flange (11) is connected to the large hole of the spindle box sleeve (5) through a bolt, the upper labyrinth flange (11) is provided with a pressing ring protruding towards the inner side, and the pressing ring compresses the outer ring of the first bearing (2).

5. The high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure according to claim 4, wherein the outer ring locking mechanism further comprises a rear gland (15), the inner diameter of one end, close to the belt pulley (6), of the small sleeve (10) is smaller than that of the small hole of the spindle box sleeve (5), the rear gland (15) is connected to the small hole of the spindle box sleeve (5) through a bolt, a pressing ring protruding towards the inner side is arranged on the rear gland (15), and two end faces of the outer ring of the second bearing (3) are respectively pressed between the small sleeve (10) and the pressing ring.

6. The high-rigidity high-precision workpiece spindle structure according to claim 1, further comprising a synchronizing wheel (7), wherein the synchronizing wheel (7) is coaxially mounted on the inner end face of the pulley (6) by means of a bolt.