CN212222823U - A detachable small vertical aerobic composting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of composting devices, in particular to a detachable small vertical aerobic composting device. In order to solve the problem that the existing small-scale composting device cannot meet the requirements of environmental factor controllability and process sampling operability in small-system composting research, the invention discloses a detachable small vertical aerobic composting device. The specific device composition is as follows: an adjustable temperature electric heating incubator is divided into upper and lower layers, and a barrel-shaped reaction device can be placed. The upper and lower ends of the reaction device are socket-type structures and are equipped with screw caps. Screwing the screws into the threaded holes in the side walls can provide a fulcrum for the perforated sieve plate to form an air chamber at the lower end of the device. The lower end of the device is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the upper end is provided with an air outlet pipe. A single air inlet pipe is equipped with an independent gas flow control meter, which is connected with the air pump through the main air inlet pipe, and the main air outlet pipe can be connected with the gas detection device. The composting device of the invention can provide good controllable conditions for small-system composting, and is favorable for state monitoring and sample extraction in the composting process.

Description

A detachable small vertical aerobic composting device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of composting devices, in particular to a detachable small vertical aerobic composting device.

Background technique

Aerobic composting is one of the effective ways to deal with organic waste. In the composting process, microorganisms use the easily degradable substances in the organic waste as nutrients, and at the same time multiply and gradually degrade the refractory substances such as protein, lignocellulose, etc., and finally form decomposed fertilizers. In this process, the temperature inside the compost is involved. And the dynamic changes of various physical and chemical indicators. Under the condition of sufficient oxygen content, part of the carbon source in the organic waste is converted into carbon dioxide through the composting process and released to the outside of the composting system, and the other part forms a stable compost product. Compost products are applied to the soil to improve soil fertility and provide plants with the nutrients they need to grow.

Aerobic composting involves the dynamic changes of a series of organic compounds, and the process is affected by a variety of environmental factors. Therefore, the study of aerobic composting process is of great significance to the treatment of organic waste and the production of compost products.

The use of a properly designed composting device can create a favorable environment for composting existing scientific research on composting. However, the existing devices have the following shortcomings: 1. Environmental factors such as temperature and oxygen content cannot be completely controlled; 2. The sampling method in the composting process is too cumbersome, The operability is poor; 3. The scope of application is limited, and it cannot meet the needs of small-system composting research.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a small aerobic composting device for organic wastes, which has good air tightness, is easy to disassemble, and can control the gas flow and monitor the content of the released gas. The device can provide controllable environmental conditions for solid organic waste composting, and can conveniently take out material samples in the composting process. The specific device consists of:

A temperature-adjustable electric heating incubator, which is divided into upper and lower layers by a mesh partition, can place reaction devices.

The main body of the reaction device is in the shape of a cylindrical barrel, the upper end and the lower end are socket-type structures, and a screw cap with a sealing ring is provided.

The lower side wall of the main body is provided with 4 threaded holes, and screws are screwed into the threaded holes.

The bottom of the reaction device is provided with a sieve plate with holes, which can form an air chamber at the lower end of the reaction device with the fulcrum provided by the screw. The sieve plate is non-uniformly distributed mesh, with dense mesh in the central area and sparse extension mesh.

The upper and lower sides of the reaction device are provided with air pipes, the lower end of the device is an air inlet pipe, and the upper end is a gas outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe of each reaction device is equipped with an independent gas flow control meter, which can adjust the gas flow rate pumped into the reaction system by the air pump.

The main outlet pipe can be connected to a gas monitoring device according to the type of gas to be measured.

The utility model has the advantages of being able to compost small organic solid wastes under controllable conditions, and has the advantages of good air tightness, easy disassembly, and monitoring of the content of released gas. The device makes it easy to take out the material during the composting process, which is convenient for sample analysis. At the same time, the perforated sieve plate at the bottom of the device is non-uniformly distributed mesh, and the material in the center area of the compost material is relatively dense. The design of the sieve plate can effectively alleviate the problem of insufficient ventilation in the compost center.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction device of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the reaction device of the present invention.

Main symbols in the attached drawings:

Electric heating incubator 1, reaction device 2, mesh partition 3, air inlet pipe 4, air pump 5, air outlet pipe 6, gas monitoring device 7, air outlet conduit 21, air inlet conduit 22, screw cap 23, sealing ring 24, socket and socket Type sealing cover 25, reactor 26, sieve plate 27, screw 28, gas flow control meter 29.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 , the utility model controls the temperature of the reaction system through an electric heating incubator 1, which is divided into upper and lower layers by a mesh partition 3, and both layers can be placed Reactor 2. The reaction device 2 is connected to the air pump 5 through the gas inlet pipe 4 , and the gas monitoring device 7 is connected to the gas outlet pipe 6 .

The reaction device 2 is in the shape of a cylindrical hollow barrel, the main body is a reactor 26, and there are socket-type sealing covers 25 at the upper and lower ends. The sealing effect is improved by the sealing ring 24 between the plug-in sealing covers 25 . The side wall of the reactor 26 is provided with four screw holes, and the screws 28 are screwed into the holes as the fulcrum of the sieve plate 27, so that the lower end of the reactor 26 forms an air chamber. The upper and lower ends are provided with air ducts, the lower end is an air intake duct 22 and the upper end is an air outlet duct 21 . The intake pipe 22 is connected to the flow controller 29 .

The gas pump 5 and the gas inlet pipe 4 pump the gas into the reaction device 2 with a uniform flow rate through the gas flow control meter 29 , and discharge the gas through the gas outlet pipe 6 . The gas inlet pipe 4 is the main pipe of the gas inlet conduit 22, the gas outlet pipe 6 is the main pipe of the gas outlet conduit 21, and the gas pumped into the reaction device 2 passes through the sieve hole on the sieve plate 27 after entering the gas chamber at the lower end of the reactor 26 through the gas inlet pipe 22. Enter into the composting system, and discharge the system through the air outlet duct 21 .

During actual operation, the reaction device 2 is vertically placed on the mesh baffle 3 in the electric heating incubator 1, and the vertical gas supply system in the reaction device 2 is jointly formed by the air inlet pipe 4, the air pump 5 and the air outlet pipe 6, and the gas flow rate is passed through. The control meter 29 independently controls the gas supply amount in the reaction apparatus 2 . The solid organic waste material used for composting is placed on the sieve plate 27, and the tightness is enhanced by applying vaseline between the reactor 26 and the socket-type sealing cover 25 and placing the sealing ring 24 between the screw cover 23 and the sealing cover 25 . The gas pumped into the reactor 26 is discharged from the system through the gas outlet pipe 21, and is led out of the electric heating incubator 1 through the gas outlet pipe 6, and the gas monitoring device 7 is used to monitor the gas release during the composting process.

Each independently controlled reaction device 2 does not interfere with each other, and the easy-to-remove screw cover 23 can realize operations such as sampling, turning over and replenishing water at different time points during composting, and is controlled by the electric heating incubator 1, the air pump 5 and the gas flow. The gas supply device constituted by the meter 29 provides necessary conditions such as required temperature and oxygen for the compost, and at the same time, the gas monitoring device 7 detects the dynamic change of the gas (such as carbon dioxide, ammonia, etc.) released during the reaction.

Claims (6)

1. A detachable small vertical aerobic composting device, the specific device is composed of: A temperature-adjustable electric heating incubator, which is divided into upper and lower layers by a mesh partition, where reaction devices can be placed; The main body of the reaction device is in the shape of a cylindrical hollow barrel, the upper and lower ends are socket-type structures, and a screw cap with a sealing ring is provided; The lower side wall of the main body is provided with 4 threaded holes, and the screws are screwed into the threaded holes; The bottom of the reaction device is provided with a sieve plate with holes, which can form an air chamber at the lower end of the reaction device with the fulcrum provided by the screw; The upper and lower sides of the reaction device are provided with air guide pipes, the lower end of the device is an air inlet pipe, and the upper end is an air outlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe of each reaction device is equipped with an independent gas flow controller, which can adjust the gas flow rate input by the air pump into the reaction system; The main outlet pipe can be connected to a gas monitoring device according to the type of gas to be measured. 2 . The composting device according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor is in the shape of a cylindrical hollow barrel, and there are 4 threaded holes on the side wall of the lower end. 3 . 3. The composting device according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower socket-type structures of the reactor are equipped with sealing covers. 4. The composting device according to claim 1, wherein the sealing cover is provided with a screw cover with a sealing ring. 5. The composting device according to claim 1, wherein the perforated sieve plate at the bottom of the reactor has non-uniformly distributed meshes, the central area has dense meshes, and the epitaxial meshes are sparse. 6. The composting device of claim 1, wherein each reactor inlet pipe is connected to a gas flow control meter.

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