CN212191284U - Inner reaming boring cutter for processing deep hole - Google Patents
Inner reaming boring cutter for processing deep hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN212191284U CN212191284U CN202020956921.6U CN202020956921U CN212191284U CN 212191284 U CN212191284 U CN 212191284U CN 202020956921 U CN202020956921 U CN 202020956921U CN 212191284 U CN212191284 U CN 212191284U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an interior reaming boring cutter of processing deep hole belongs to machining and equips. The inner reaming boring cutter for machining the deep hole comprises a compression screw, a fixing plate, a fixing nut, a compression plate, a blade, a spring, guide strips, a cutter body and a jacking screw, adopts a plurality of guide strips to support the cutter head and reduce the vibration of the cutter head, adopts a mechanical clamping type blade, obviously prolongs the service life of the cutter, and can effectively solve the technical problems of overlong deep holes and large-abdomen reaming, wherein the two ends of the overlong deep holes are small, the middle of the overlong deep holes are large, and the middle of the overlong deep holes are provided with special-shaped curved surfaces such as a cylindrical surface, a conical surface.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to machining equips, concretely relates to interior reaming boring cutter of processing deep hole.
Background
In the machine-building industry, a deep hole refers to a cylindrical hole with a hole depth of more than 5 times the hole diameter, that is, a cylindrical hole with a length-diameter ratio of more than 5 times. The methods which can be used for processing deep holes at present are many: the traditional mechanical processing has absolute advantages, is mainly realized by drilling, expanding, boring and reaming, and has a plurality of corresponding cutters in the market, such as gun drill, BTA, double-pipe jet suction drill, DF system and SIED technology; in addition, some special machining technologies are gradually advanced into the deep hole machining technical field, such as electrolytic machining, electric spark machining, laser machining and the like, but are only limited to micro-hole machining and difficult-to-machine materials. In view of cost performance, the boring machining process has high precision and low cost, and the boring machining process is widely adopted at home and abroad to machine the preset hole.
The processing problem of holes with small ends and large middle parts is researched. When the holes on the workpiece are large and short, the tool rest mechanism can be used for realizing that the large holes in the workpiece can be processed in a radial moving mode on a lathe, and even if the special-shaped curved surfaces such as conical surfaces, spherical surfaces and the like are arranged in the large holes, the large holes can be processed in a profiling mode on a numerically controlled lathe. In particular, in recent years, the vibration damping boring bar which is successfully developed by taking measures of improving the static rigidity or the dynamic rigidity of the boring bar from the beginning of reducing vibration abroad can be used, and the deep hole with the slightly larger length-diameter ratio can be processed on a lathe under the matching of the vibration damping boring bar.
Abroad, Toshiba and Mitsubishi have a series of vibration damping tool bars (maximum aspect ratio of 6). The TSUPPR II CHIBAN vibration reduction cutter bar of Toshiba company cuts off a part of the cutter bar at two sides in parallel, and then inserts hard materials with high rigidity and strength to improve the static rigidity. The DAMPBAR, FSCLPF and STUP series boring bars of Mitsubishi company improve the dynamic rigidity of the cutter body by optimizing the geometric shape of the cutter body. Under the condition of not influencing the static rigidity of the cutter body, the weight of the cutter head is reduced by adopting computer simulation optimization design. Both of these approaches have their own limitations and the aspect ratio of the tool shaft cannot be very large. The damping boring bar with the length-diameter ratio of 8 is produced by Kennamantal company in America, and is also made of special materials to improve the static rigidity. At present, the most advanced vibration-damping boring bar manufacturers abroad, Sandvik company in Sweden, produce vibration-damping boring bars with the maximum length-diameter ratio of up to 16, and arrange a vibration damper in the boring bar to improve the dynamic stiffness of the boring bar. But the length-diameter ratio is also limited, the density of the vibration damping block cannot be too high, and the service life of the damper can also influence the long-term use of the boring bar. In addition to the radial feeding realized by the movement of the tool rest on the lathe, the single-tool and double-tool radial feeding series boring heads produced by the british china (ITS) company can machine short and large holes with complicated special-shaped curved surfaces such as cylindrical surfaces, conical surfaces, spherical surfaces and the like at the two ends, the middle part is large, the axial movement of the boring rod is changed into the radial telescopic movement of the cutting tool bit through an internal switching mechanism, but the structure of the boring rod only determines to machine the short and large holes, and the boring rod cannot machine ultra-long deep holes without guidance and vibration-proof functions.
For the processing of the ultra-long deep hole with small ends, large middle part and small and medium diameter, the research is few at home and abroad, the research on the problems is almost blank at home because the related data which can be searched and retrieved due to the technical protection at abroad, the deep hole processing research institute of the western's university of petroleum, king Shi, professor Zhulin and the like encounter the problems in the deep hole processing process of the water injection eccentric working barrel in the scientific research cooperation with the Tuoha oil field mechanical factory, the problem is researched by the university paper and the boring device published on the 23 rd page of the 7 th of the mechanical technologist at the school of the Ministry of Japan, and the center rotary type boring tool is developed and designed to well solve the processing of the step hole with the middle phi 21 multiplied by 50 mm. The boring cutter is simple in structure and easy to manufacture, the boring cutter is stretched by rotating the boring cutter to the upper end and the lower end through the push-pull rod, and the boring cutter block is pushed to rotate around the fixed taper pin forcibly, but the boring cutter has the following defects: firstly, the rotation expansion mode determines that the radial expansion amount is limited, and middle large holes with different apertures cannot be bored flexibly. Secondly, the aperture precision depends on the matching precision during tool assembly, and errors caused by the abrasion of the boring cutter block cannot be compensated. And thirdly, the inner conical surface, the spherical surface and other special-shaped curved surfaces cannot be processed. And fourthly, the front chip removal mode only enables the blind hole to be processed, and the blind hole is not affected.
"a deep hole machining method and apparatus with a small entrance and a large middle diameter change" of tommy drink and Li dawn utility model, first, a boring device with a tool bit adjusting mechanism needs to be sent into a through deep hole machining part, and then a special tool is used to stretch into a hole for manual tool adjustment, and the axial displacement of the adjusting cone is converted into the radial movement of the tool bit. The structure limitation is more obvious, the radial cutter adjustment is complicated and inconvenient, the stretching range is limited, the variation diameter ratio is very small between 1-1.2, and the blind hole and the overlong deep hole cannot be realized.
The deep hole reducing boring cutter mentioned in the Chinese patent utility model of stone flood steel, Zhang Shuhua and the like realizes the radial extension of the blade through adjusting the inclined plane mechanism matched with the core bar and the cutter holder, has simple structure, can solve certain practical problems and has a desirable part. But the arrangement of the guide strips is unreasonable, the guide effect is not obvious, the vibration-proof function is not realized, the radial telescopic mechanism is not mature, the limiting mechanism is not provided, the blind hole cannot be machined due to the mode of discharging the scraps, and the special-shaped curved surface cannot be machined in a profiling mode.
In the past, only electrolytic machining can be adopted for the ultra-long deep hole parts with small ends, large middle parts and large reaming margins at home and abroad. Electrochemical machining is a method of forming a workpiece by electrochemical corrosion of a cathode and an anode. Although the method is not limited by the hardness and the strength of the metal material, the method can be used for processing hard alloy, quenched steel, stainless steel and high-hardness and high-strength conductive materials, a cavity or a molded surface with a complex shape can be processed at one time by simple feeding movement, no cutting force and heat are generated in the processing, and no residual stress and burr are generated on the processed surface; but also has its fatal shortcoming: the processing precision is not high, the average precision is about +/-0.1 mm, the equipment cost is expensive, the process control requirement is strict, the production period is long, the cost is high, the efficiency is low, the method is not suitable for mass production and the environmental pollution is serious. Moreover, like electric spark, electrolysis, laser, electron beam, ultrasound and even the composite processing method among the electric spark, the electrolysis, the laser, the electron beam and the ultrasound in the special processing technology, the phi 1mm small hole and micro hole materials also have certain advantages in difficult processing materials.
In spite of the current development situation at home and abroad, the inner reaming cutter on the market at present in the field of machining is suitable for large and short holes and has no self-guiding and forced chip removal functions, or has small reaming allowance, cannot automatically radially stretch and ream, or cannot functionally realize curved surface machining. So far, the problem of the large-belly reaming of the super-long deep hole, which can effectively solve the problem that the special-shaped curved surfaces, such as a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, a spherical surface and the like, are arranged at the small ends, the middle and the large middle part, is not found at home and abroad.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides an interior reaming boring cutter of processing deep hole, this interior reaming boring cutter adopt four gibs to support the tool bit, be used for reducing the tool bit vibration, adopt the machine to press from both sides formula blade simultaneously, show the life who promotes the cutter, can effectively solve both ends little, middle big, and the middle part has the overlength deep hole of heterotypic curved surfaces such as face of cylinder, conical surface, sphere, big bellied technological problem of abdomen.
In order to realize the utility model discloses a purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an interior reaming boring cutter of processing deep hole includes housing screw, set screw, fixed plate, fixation nut, pressure strip, blade, spring, gib block, cutter body and jacking screw, wherein: a first threaded hole for installing a jacking screw is formed in the radial direction of the compression screw; the middle part of the fixing plate is provided with a first through hole for passing a compression screw, and two sides of the fixing plate are provided with countersunk holes for mounting fixing screws; the middle part of the fixing nut is provided with a second threaded hole for connecting a compression screw in a threaded manner, and two ends of the fixing nut are provided with sliding grooves for connecting the fixing screws; a second through hole for jacking the screw is formed in the middle of the compression plate, and third threaded holes for mounting fixing screws are formed in two sides of the compression plate; the two sides of the blade are mounting surfaces, the bottom of the blade is provided with a contact inclined surface, and the top of the blade is a cutter surface; the cutter body is a cylindrical mounting main body, one end of the cutter body is provided with a mounting table used for connecting a fixing plate, a mounting hole used for connecting a fixing screw and a fourth threaded hole used for mounting a compression screw are formed in the mounting table, a mounting cavity used for accommodating a fixing nut, a compression plate and a blade is formed in the mounting table, a mounting groove used for mounting a guide strip is formed in the side surface of the other end of the cutter body, and a spring is mounted at the bottom of the guide strip; the jacking screw is provided with a special thread, the tail end of the special thread is provided with a contact fillet, the contact fillet is matched with the contact inclined plane to work, and the contact inclined plane is moved up and down by moving the contact fillet back and forth.
Preferably, the set screw is divided into a short screw and a long screw, wherein: the short screw penetrates through the counter bore to connect the fixing plate to the mounting table, and a pressure spring is matched on the short screw; the long screws sequentially penetrate through the mounting holes, the sliding grooves and the third threaded holes to enable the fixing nuts and the pressing plates to be connected in the mounting cavities in a sliding mode, the fixing nuts and the pressing plates can be driven to extrude or keep away from the mounting surface of the blade through rotation of the pressing screws, and the blade can be dismounted.
Preferably, the back of the fixing plate is provided with a cylindrical table for connecting the mounting table.
Preferably, the other end of the cutter body is provided with a threaded column for fixing.
Preferably, the fixing nut is of a cuboid structure, and two ends of the fixing nut are of arc structures.
Preferably, the specially-made thread rotates for a circle, the jacking screw moves back and forth for 1mm, the inclination angles of the contact fillet and the contact inclined plane are both 60 degrees, and the jacking screw moves back and forth for 1mm to drive the blade to move up and down for 0.6 mm.
The utility model discloses an interior reaming boring cutter of processing deep hole has following beneficial effect:
1) the inner reaming boring cutter of the utility model can effectively solve the technical problems of ultra-long deep hole and large-abdomen reaming of the ultra-long deep hole with two small ends, large middle part and special-shaped curved surfaces such as cylindrical surface, conical surface and spherical surface in the middle part; 2) the inner reaming boring cutter of the utility model is provided with a plurality of guide strips, which can better support the cutter head, reduce the vibration of the cutter head and improve the processing quality and the processing efficiency; 3) the spring is arranged below the guide strip of the inner reaming boring cutter, so that the cutter head can be better supported; 4) the processing mode of the inner reaming boring cutter of the utility model is broaching processing, which can reduce the deformation of the workpiece; 5) the inner reaming boring cutter of the utility model adopts the mechanical clamping type blade, which can prolong the service life of the cutter; 6) the utility model discloses an interior reaming boring cutter simple structure, the maintenance of being convenient for has reduced the processing cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the front end of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the rear end portion of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a compression screw, 101-a first threaded hole, 2-a fixing screw, 201-a short screw, 202-a long screw, 3-a fixing plate, 301-a first through hole, 302-a counter bore, 303-a cylindrical table, 4-a fixing nut, 401-a second threaded hole, 402-a sliding groove, 5-a compression plate, 501-a second through hole and 502-a third threaded hole, 6-blade, 601-mounting surface, 602-contact inclined surface, 603-knife surface, 7-spring, 8-guide strip, 9-knife body, 901-mounting hole, 902-fourth threaded hole, 903-mounting cavity, 904-mounting groove, 905-threaded column, 10-jacking screw, 1001-special thread and 1002-contact fillet.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, the compression screw 1 is a common screw, the number of the compression screw 1 is 1, the middle of the compression screw 1 is provided with a through hole, the fixing screw 2 is a common screw, the number of the fixing screw is 4, two short screws are provided with springs, the fixing plate 3 is cylindrical, the middle of the fixing plate is provided with a through hole, two sides of the fixing plate are provided with symmetrical counter bores, the upper end surface of the fixing plate 3 is a plane, the lower end surface of the fixing plate 3 is provided with a cylinder along the central hole, the fixing nut 4 is a cuboid, two ends of the fixing plate are arc-shaped, the center of the fixing plate is provided with a threaded hole, the shape of the compression plate 5 is similar to that of the fixing nut 4, the center of the fixing plate is provided with a shallow conical hole and a through hole, two ends of the central hole are provided with threaded holes, the; other angles, such as 45 °, 70 °, etc., may also be used.
It should be noted that in fig. 2, the short screw 201 passes through the countersunk hole 302 to connect the fixing plate 3 to the mounting table, and the short screw 201 is provided with a pressure spring; the long screw 202 penetrates through the mounting hole 901, the sliding groove 402 and the third threaded hole 502 in sequence to slidably connect the fixing nut 4 and the pressing plate 5 in the mounting cavity 903, and the fixing nut 4 and the pressing plate 5 can be driven to extrude or be far away from the mounting surface 601 of the blade 6 by rotating the pressing screw 1, so that the blade 6 can be dismounted.
In fig. 4, 4 springs 7 are common springs, 4 guide bars 8 are rectangular solids, and the number of the guide bars is 4, and the guide bars are made of nylon materials. The cutter body 9 is cylindrical, specifically, a square through hole is formed in the radial direction of the front end of the cutter body 9, four small holes are formed in the middle of the cutter body and used for discharging cooling liquid, the tail end of the cutter body is a conical cylinder, and threads are formed in the conical cylinder.
The number of the jacking screws 10 is 1, and the root of the jacking screw 10 is a rounded angle of 60 °, and other angles such as 45 ° and 70 ° may be used.
Specifically, the thread at the tail end in the drawing is specially made, when the inclination angles of the contact fillet 1002 and the contact inclined surface 602 are both 60 degrees, the jacking screw 10 rotates for a circle, the jacking screw 10 moves back and forth by 1mm, and the jacking screw 10 moves back and forth by 1mm to drive the blade 6 to move up and down by 0.6 mm. The compression screw 1 is mainly used for compressing the blade, the fixing screw 2 is respectively used for installing a fixing plate 3, a fixing nut 4 and a compression plate 5, the fixing plate 3 is mainly used for supporting the compression screw 1, and the fixing nut 4 is mainly used for being matched with the compression screw 1 to lock the compression screw 1; the pressing plate 5 is mainly used for pressing and fixing the blade 6, the blade 6 is mainly used for cutting, and the spring 7 is used for jacking the guide strip; the guide strip 8 is mainly used for stabilizing the stability of the whole cutter, and the cutter body 9 is a main body of the inner reaming boring cutter; the jacking screw 10 essentially pushes the blade 6 outwards.
It should be noted that the jacking screw 10 is provided with a special thread 1001, the end of the special thread 1001 is provided with a contact fillet 1002, the contact fillet 1002 cooperates with the contact inclined plane 602, and the contact fillet 1002 moves back and forth to realize the up and down movement of the contact inclined plane 602.
In actual processing, when deep holes with small ends and large middle parts are processed, the spring 7 and the guide strip 8 are assembled with the existing hole size, the compression screw 1, the fixing screw 2, the fixing plate 3, the fixing nut 4, the compression plate 5, the blade 6 and the jacking screw 10 are installed on the cutter body 9, and the jacking screw 10 is placed inside the cutter body 9 and is abutted to the blade 6. The workpiece starts to rotate, the jacking screw 10 starts to be fixed by using a screwdriver through an inner hole of the compression screw 1, the jacking screw 10 moves downwards, the inclined surface of the jacking screw 10 is in contact with the inclined surface of the tail end of the blade 6, the blade 6 starts to move outwards under the extrusion force of the jacking screw 10, and the number of turns of the jacking screw 10 is calculated according to the machining size. After the position of the blade 6 is adjusted, the compression screw 1 is tightened, the compression screw 1 pushes against the compression plate 5 to fix the position of the blade 6, and meanwhile, the compression screw 1 is locked by the fixing nut 4 to start machining. The processing mode is generally pull pin processing, and the processing parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 80r/min, the feeding speed is 0.1mm/r, and cooling liquid is injected, wherein the type of the cooling liquid is water emulsion.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an interior reaming boring cutter of processing deep hole, its characterized in that, includes housing screw (1), set screw (2), fixed plate (3), fixation nut (4), pressure strip (5), blade (6), spring (7), gib block (8), cutter body (9) and jacking screw (10), wherein:
a first threaded hole (101) for installing a jacking screw (10) is formed in the radial direction of the compression screw (1);
a first through hole (301) for allowing a compression screw (1) to pass through is formed in the middle of the fixing plate (3), and countersunk holes (302) for mounting fixing screws (2) are formed in two sides of the fixing plate (3);
a second threaded hole (401) for being in threaded connection with the compression screw (1) is formed in the middle of the fixing nut (4), and sliding grooves (402) for being connected with the fixing screws (2) are formed in two ends of the fixing nut (4);
a second through hole (501) for allowing a screw (10) to pass through is formed in the middle of the compression plate (5), and third threaded holes (502) for mounting fixing screws (2) are formed in two sides of the compression plate (5);
the two sides of the blade (6) are mounting surfaces (601), the bottom of the blade (6) is provided with a contact inclined surface (602), and the top of the blade (6) is a blade surface (603);
the cutter body (9) is a cylindrical mounting main body, one end of the cutter body (9) is provided with a mounting table used for connecting a fixing plate (3), the mounting table is provided with a mounting hole (901) used for connecting a fixing screw (2) and a fourth threaded hole (902) used for mounting a compression screw (1), a mounting cavity (903) used for accommodating a fixing nut (4), a compression plate (5) and a blade (6) is formed in the mounting table, a mounting groove (904) used for mounting a guide strip (8) is formed in the side face of the other end of the cutter body (9), and a spring (7) is mounted at the bottom of the guide strip (8);
the jacking screw (10) is provided with a special thread (1001), the tail end of the special thread (1001) is provided with a contact fillet (1002), the contact fillet (1002) and the contact inclined plane (602) work in a matched mode, and the contact inclined plane (602) moves up and down by moving the contact fillet (1002) back and forth.
2. The inside-reaming boring tool for deep hole machining according to claim 1, wherein the set screw (2) is divided into a short screw (201) and a long screw (202), wherein:
the short screw (201) penetrates through the counter bore (302) to connect the fixing plate (3) to the mounting table, and a pressure spring is arranged on the short screw (201);
the long screw (202) penetrates through the mounting hole (901), the sliding groove (402) and the third threaded hole (502) in sequence to enable the fixing nut (4) and the pressing plate (5) to be connected in the mounting cavity (903) in a sliding mode, the fixing nut (4) and the pressing plate (5) can be driven to extrude or keep away from the mounting surface (601) of the blade (6) through rotating the pressing screw (1), and the blade (6) is mounted and dismounted.
3. The inner hole-expanding boring tool for deep hole machining according to claim 1, wherein the back of the fixing plate (3) is provided with a cylindrical table (303) for connecting with a mounting table.
4. The inner hole-expanding boring tool for deep hole machining according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the tool body (9) is provided with a screw post (905) for fixation.
5. The inner reaming and boring tool for machining deep holes according to claim 1, wherein the fixing nut (4) has a rectangular parallelepiped structure and two ends of the fixing nut have arc structures.
6. The inner hole reaming and boring tool for machining deep holes according to claim 1, wherein the special thread (1001) rotates for one circle, and the jacking screw (10) moves back and forth for 1 mm.
7. The inner reaming and boring tool for machining the deep hole according to claim 6, wherein the inclination angles of the contact fillet (1002) and the contact inclined plane (602) are both 60 degrees, and the jacking screw (10) moves back and forth for 1mm to drive the blade (6) to move up and down for 0.6 mm.
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CN202020956921.6U CN212191284U (en) | 2020-05-31 | 2020-05-31 | Inner reaming boring cutter for processing deep hole |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111496280A (en) * | 2020-05-31 | 2020-08-07 | 西安昂达机电科技有限公司 | Inner reaming boring cutter for processing deep hole |
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Cited By (2)
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CN111496280A (en) * | 2020-05-31 | 2020-08-07 | 西安昂达机电科技有限公司 | Inner reaming boring cutter for processing deep hole |
CN111496280B (en) * | 2020-05-31 | 2024-05-14 | 西安昂达机电科技有限公司 | Inner reaming boring cutter for processing deep hole |
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